全国GRE考试语文部分真题

全国GRE考试语文部分真题考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________全国GRE考试语文部分真题考核对象：准备参加GRE考试的考生题型分值分布：-判断题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-单选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-多选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-案例分析（3题，每题6分）——总分18分-论述题（2题，每题11分）——总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassageprimarilyarguesthateconomicgrowthinevitablyleadstoenvironmentaldegradation.2.Accordingtotheauthor,technologicalinnovationisthesolesolutiontoglobalwarming.3.Thewritersuggeststhatrenewableenergysourceswillcompletelyreplacefossilfuelsby2050.4.Thepassageimpliesthatgovernmentpoliciesareineffectiveinaddressingclimatechange.5.Theauthorcriticizescorporationsforprioritizingprofitsoversustainability.6.Thetextsupportstheideathatindividualactionshavenosignificantimpactonclimatechange.7.Thewriterbelievesthatcarbontaxesarethemosteffectivewaytoreduceemissions.8.Thepassagearguesthatdevelopingcountriesshouldnotfocusonrenewableenergyduetohighcosts.9.Theauthorsuggeststhatenvironmentalregulationsstifleeconomicdevelopment.10.Thetextconcludesthatclimatechangeisprimarilycausedbyhumanactivities.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Topersuadereaderstoadoptavegetariandiet.B.Toarguethatfactoryfarmingharmstheenvironment.C.Tocomparetheenvironmentalimpactsofmeatandplant-basedfoods.D.Tohighlighttheeconomicbenefitsofsustainableagriculture.2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichfactorcontributesmosttodeforestation?A.UrbanizationB.LoggingfortimberC.AgriculturalexpansionD.Naturaldisasters3.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhatisthebiggestchallengetotransitioningtocleanenergy?A.LackoftechnologicalinnovationB.HighinitialcostsC.GovernmentresistanceD.Publicapathy4.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutcarbontaxes?A.Theyareunfairtolow-incomefamilies.B.Theywillnotreduceemissionssignificantly.C.Theyarethebestsolutiontoclimatechange.D.Theywillharmglobaleconomicgrowth.5.Thetextmentionsthatwhichgroupismostresistanttoenvironmentalregulations?A.EnvironmentalistsB.SmallbusinessesC.LargecorporationsD.Governmentofficials6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardrenewableenergy?A.SkepticalB.SupportiveC.NeutralD.Indifferent7.Thepassageimpliesthatwhatistheprimaryresponsibilityofindividualsincombatingclimatechange?A.ReducingconsumptionB.DonatingmoneytocharitiesC.LobbyingforstricterlawsD.Relyingontechnologicalsolutions8.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestabouttherelationshipbetweeneconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection?A.Theyaremutuallyexclusive.B.Theycancoexistwithproperpolicies.C.Economicgrowthalwaysharmstheenvironment.D.Environmentalprotectionhinderseconomicdevelopment.9.Thetextmentionsthatwhichfactorismostlikelytoacceleratetheadoptionofrenewableenergy?A.GovernmentsubsidiesB.PublicawarenesscampaignsC.TechnologicalbreakthroughsD.Internationalagreements10.Whatistheauthor’smainargumentregardingclimatechange?A.Itisanaturalphenomenonbeyondhumancontrol.B.Itisprimarilycausedbynaturalfactors.C.Itisaseriousthreatrequiringimmediateaction.D.Itwillnotsignificantlyaffectfuturegenerations.三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarementionedaschallengestorenewableenergyadoption?A.HighinitialcostsB.LackofinfrastructureC.PublicresistanceD.GovernmentsubsidiesE.Technologicallimitations2.Whatarethemaincausesofdeforestationaccordingtothepassage?A.AgriculturalexpansionB.LoggingfortimberC.UrbanizationD.MiningactivitiesE.Naturaldisasters3.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichgroupsbenefitfromthecurrentfossilfuel-basedeconomy?A.GovernmentsB.EnvironmentalorganizationsC.OilcompaniesD.ConsumersE.Renewableenergyfirms4.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsoftransitioningtocleanenergy?A.ReducedairpollutionB.LowerenergycostsC.JobcreationinnewindustriesD.IncreasedgovernmentrevenueE.Greaterenergyindependence5.Theauthorcriticizeswhichaspectsofthecurrenteconomicsystem?A.OverrelianceonfossilfuelsB.Short-termprofitmaximizationC.LackofenvironmentalregulationsD.GovernmentsubsidiesforrenewableenergyE.Insufficientpublicawareness6.Whatarethemainargumentsagainstenvironmentalregulations?A.TheyharmeconomicgrowthB.TheyareineffectiveC.TheyareunfairtobusinessesD.TheyareunnecessaryE.Theyaretoocostlytoimplement7.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichfactorscanacceleratetheadoptionofsustainablepractices?A.GovernmentpoliciesB.PublicawarenessC.TechnologicalinnovationD.CorporateresponsibilityE.Internationalcooperation8.Whatarethemainconsequencesofclimatechangementionedinthepassage?A.RisingsealevelsB.ExtremeweathereventsC.LossofbiodiversityD.EconomicinstabilityE.Improvedagriculturalyields9.Theauthorsuggeststhatwhichgroupsaremostresponsibleforaddressingclimatechange?A.GovernmentsB.CorporationsC.IndividualsD.EnvironmentalorganizationsE.Scientists10.Whatarethemainargumentsinfavorofcarbontaxes?A.TheyincentivizeemissionreductionsB.TheygeneraterevenueforenvironmentalprogramsC.TheyarefairtoallcitizensD.TheypromoteinnovationincleanenergyE.Theyaretheonlysolutiontoclimatechange四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.Acompanyisconsideringinvestinginrenewableenergy.TheCEOarguesthatthehighinitialcostswillmakeitunprofitable,buttheCFOpointsoutthatgovernmentsubsidiescouldoffsettheseexpenses.Theboardisdivided.Whatarethekeyargumentsforandagainstthisinvestment?2.Asmalltownisexperiencingsevereairpollutionduetoanearbyfactory.Residentsaredemandingstricterregulations,butthefactoryarguesthatthesewouldforcethemtoclose,leadingtojoblosses.Whatarethemainstakeholdersinthisconflict,andwhataretheirpotentialsolutions?3.Astudyshowsthatswitchingtoelectricvehicles(EVs)couldsignificantlyreducecarbonemissions,buttheinfrastructureforchargingEVsislimited.WhatarethemainchallengestowidespreadEVadoption,andhowcouldtheybeaddressed?五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.Discusstheroleofgovernmentpoliciesinpromotingrenewableenergyadoption.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsanddrawbacksofsuchpolicies?Provideexamplestosupportyourargument.2.Analyzetherelationshipbetweeneconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection.Cantheycoexist,oraretheyinherentlyconflicting?Explainyourreasoningwithevidence.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×（Thepassagediscussesthelinkbetweengrowthanddegradationbutdoesnotclaimitisinevitable.）2.×（Theauthormentionsinnovationasonesolutionbutnotthesoleone.）3.×（Thepassagesuggestsitispossiblebutnotguaranteed.）4.×（Theauthorimpliespoliciescouldbemoreeffectiveifimplementedproperly.）5.√（Theauthorcriticizescorporationsforprioritizingprofitsoversustainability.）6.×（Theauthoremphasizesindividualactionscanmakeadifference.）7.√（Theauthorsupportscarbontaxesasaneffectivemeasure.）8.×（Thepassageencouragesdevelopingcountriestoinvestinrenewablesdespitecosts.）9.×（Theauthorarguesregulationscanbalanceeconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection.）10.√（Theauthorattributesclimatechangetohumanactivitieslikeburningfossilfuels.）二、单选题1.C（Thepassagecomparesmeatandplant-basedfoods.）2.C（Agriculturalexpansionishighlightedasamajorcause.）3.B（Highinitialcostsarerepeatedlymentionedasachallenge.）4.A（Theauthorsuggeststheydisproportionatelyaffectlow-incomefamilies.）5.C（Largecorporationsareimpliedtoresistregulationsduetocosts.）6.B（Theauthorsupportsrenewableenergyasasustainablesolution.）7.A（Reducingconsumptionisemphasizedasanindividual’srole.）8.B（Thepassagesuggeststheycancoexistwithproperpolicies.）9.C（Technologicalbreakthroughsarementionedasakeydriver.）10.C（Theauthorconcludesclimatechangeisaseriousthreatrequiringaction.）三、多选题1.A,B,C,E（Highcosts,lackofinfrastructure,publicresistance,andtechnologicallimitationsarechallenges.）2.A,B,C,D（Agriculturalexpansion,logging,urbanization,andminingarecauses.）3.A,C,D（Governments,oilcompanies,andconsumersbenefitfromfossilfuels.）4.A,B,C,E（Reducedpollution,lowercosts,jobcreation,andenergyindependencearebenefits.）5.A,B,C（Overrelianceonfossilfuels,short-termprofits,andlackofregulationsarecriticized.）6.A,B,C（Economicharm,ineffectiveness,andbusinessunfairnessareargumentsagainstregulations.）7.A,B,C,D,E（Governmentpolicies,publicawareness,innovation,corporateresponsibility,andinternationalcooperationcanaccelerateadoption.）8.A,B,C,D（Risingsealevels,extremeweather,lossofbiodiversity,andeconomicinstabilityareconsequences.）9.A,B,C,D（Governments,corporations,individuals,andenvironmentalorganizationsshareresponsibility.）10.A,B,C,D（Carbontaxesincentivizereductions,generaterevenue,arefair,andpromoteinnovation.）四、案例分析1.KeyArgumentsForInvestmentinRenewableEnergy-Long-termSavings:Governmentsubsidiescanoffsethighinitialcosts,leadingtoloweroperationalexpensesovertime.-EnvironmentalBenefits:Reducescarbonemissions,improvingairqualityandcombatingclimatechange.-EnergyIndependence:Reducesrelianceonimportedfossilfuels,enhancingenergysecurity.-CorporateResponsibility:Alignswithsustainabilitygoals,improvingbrandreputation.KeyArgumentsAgainstInvestment-HighInitialCosts:Upfrontexpensesforequipmentandinfrastructurecanbeprohibitive.-TechnologicalRisks:Renewableenergysourcescanbeintermittent(e.g.,solardependsonweather).-MarketCompetition:Existingfossilfuelindustriesmayresistchanges.-PolicyUncertainty:Changesingovernmentpoliciescouldaffectsubsidies.2.StakeholdersandSolutions-Stakeholders:-Residents(sufferingfrompollution).-Factory(facingpotentialclosure).-Localgovernment(responsibleforregulations).-Environmentalgroups(advocatingforstricterlaws).-PotentialSolutions:-Regulations:Implementstricteremissionsstandardswhileprovidingatransitionperiodforthefactory.-TechnologicalUpgrades:Encouragethefactorytoadoptcleanertechnologies.-EconomicSupport:Offersubsidiesortaxbreakstohelpthefactorytransitiontosustainablepractices.-CommunityEngagement:Involveresidentsindecision-makingtoensurebalancedsolutions.3.ChallengestoEVAdoptionandSolutions-Challenges:-LimitedChargingInfrastructure:Fewpublicchargingstations.-HighEVCosts:Electricvehiclesareoftenmoreexpensivethangasolinecounterparts.-BatteryLifeandRangeAnxiety:Concernsaboutbatterydurabilityanddrivingrange.-GridCapacity:ExistingpowergridsmaystruggletohandleincreasedEVdemand.-Solutions:-ExpandChargingNetworks:Governmentsandprivatecompaniescaninvestinmorechargingstations.-SubsidiesandIncentives:ReduceEVpricesforconsumers.-ImproveBatteryTechnology:Researchanddevelopmentcanenhancebatterylifeandefficiency.-GridModernization:UpgradepowergridstosupporthigherEVusage.五、论述题1.GovernmentPoliciesinPromotingRenewableEnergy-RoleofPolicies:Governmentsplayacrucialroleinacceleratingrenewableenergyadoptionthroughincentives,regulations,andinvestments.-Benefits:-SubsidiesandTaxCredits:Lowercostsforconsumersandbusinesses,encouragingadoption.-RenewablePortfolioStandards(RPS):Mandateacertainpercentageofenergyfromrenewables.-Resear