雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Nursing Research（中国医科）》单元测试考核答案

第1题Whichofthefollowingaremostlikelyoperationaldefinitionsofvariables:A

verbalisedsatisfactionwithcarereceivedBhealth-relatedqualityoflifeCpainratedonascaleof1to10D

heartfunction正确答案：AC第2题Whenmightclosed-endedquestionsbeusedasanappropriatetypeofquestions:AwhenaresearcherneedsricherandfullerperspectiveonatopicfromtheparticipantsBWhengreaterprivacyshouldbegiventorespondentsCWhentime-consumingisaconcernDWhenrespondentsareunabletoexpressthemselveswellverbally正确答案：BCD第3题Whichtypeofclosed-endedquestionsisastraightlineandusedtomeasuresubjectiveexperiences,suchaspain,fatigue,anddyspnea?ARank-orderquestionsBForced-choicequestionsCChecklistsDVisualanalogscales第4题WhichofthefollowingisnotconsistentwithaLikertScale:Aitcontainsclose-endeditems

Bitcontainsopen-endeditems

Citcontainslistsofstatements

Ditemsareevaluatedontheamountofagreement.

第5题Whenmightquestionnairesbeusedasanappropriatemethodofdatacollection:AwhencostsareaconcernBwhenaresearcherisinterestedinobtaininginformationdirectlyfromparticipantsCwhenaresearcherneedstocollectdatafromalargegroupofnoteasilyaccessibleparticipantsDwhenaccuracyisofutmostimportance.正确答案：ACD第6题Whenmightinterviewsbeusedasanappropriatemethodofdatacollection:AWhenparticipantsincludeyoungchildrenandblind,elderly,illiterate,oruneducatedindividuals.BWhenambiguousorconfusingquestionscanbeprovidedneededclarificationstoparticipantsCWhenanonymityisaconcernDWhencostsareaconcern正确答案：AB第7题Whichofthefollowingwouldbeconsideredadisadvantageofusingobservationaldatacollectionmethods:A

individualbiasmayinterferewiththedatacollectionBethicalconcernsmaybesignificanttoresearchersusingobservationaldatacollectionmethods

C

individualjudgmentsandvaluesmayinfluencetheperceptionsoftheobserversD

alloftheabove.第8题Whichofthefollowingwouldbeconsideredanadvantageofusingbiophysiologicdatacollectionmethods?ABiophysiologicmeasuresareaccurate,preciseandobjectiveBThemeasuringtoolmayaffectthevariablesitisattemptingtomeasureCWhenlaboratorytestsareinvolved,theymaybemoreexpensivethanothermethodsDBiophysiologicinstrumentsprovidevalidmeasuresoftargetedvariables正确答案：AD第9题Whichofthefollowingwouldbeconsideredadisadvantageofusingtheexistinghealthcaredata:ABeingdifficulttouncoverbiasesBThedatamightnotclearlyaddresstheresearchers'studypurposeCResearchersareabletohavelargersamples,conductmorelongitudinalstudiesbyusingexistingdataDResearchersareabletoexperiencelowercostsbyusingexistingdata正确答案：AB第1题1.Measurementreliabilityreferstothe:Aconsistencyofthescores.Bcomprehensivenessofthescores.CdependencyofthescoresDaccuracyofthescores.第2题2.Thevalidityofameasurereferstothe:A

comprehensivenesswithwhichitmeasurestheconstruct.B

particulartypeofconstructspecification.Cconsistencyofthemeasurement.Daccuracywithwhichitmeasurestheconstruct.Knowledgepoint2：Conceptualizingtheconstruct&GeneratinganItemPool第1题Whenyouaregeneratinganitempoolforascale,wheredoitemscomefrom?AexistinginstrumentsBconceptanalysis

Ctheliterature

DqualitativeresearchEclinicalobservation正确答案：ABCDEKnowledgepoint3：TipsforWordingItems第1题Whichstatementisnotrightaboutthetipsforwordingitems?AavoidlongsentencesorphrasesBusetermsthatarejustwell-knowninhealthcarecirclesCavoidputtingmoreideasinasingleitem.DselectwordsthateveryoneinderstandsKnowledgepoint4：ExpertPanelReview第1题ContentvalidityreferstoA.

B.

C.

D.

Ahowwellanassessmentcorrelateswithothersimilarassessments.Bhowwellassessmentquestionstapintothespecificconstruct.Chowlongittakestocompleteanassessment.Dhowwellanassessmentpredictsfuturebehaviour.第2题2.Askinganexpertorexpertstoevaluateameasureisusedtoestablishvalidity.AcontentBcriterionCdivergentDface第3题3.Anassessmentwithlowcontentvalidity___Acanstillbeuseful.Bislikelymeasuringsomethingotherthantheconstruct.Cisgood,thelowerthelevelofcontentvaliditythebetter.Dcannotbefixed.Theassessmentdevelopermuststartoverfromscratch.Knowledgepoint6：Fieldtestingtheinstrument第1题Whichstatementisnotrightaboutsequencingtheitems?AQuestionsrelatedtoaspecifictopicmustbegroupedtogether.BSpecificitemsareincludedfirst,withprogressiontomoregeneralitems.CQuestionsofasensitivenatureshouldappearneartheendofthequestionnaire.Ddemographicdataaboutthesubjectshouldappearattheendofthequestionnaire.Knowledgepoint7：Reliability第1题1.Ifameasureisconsistentovermultipleoccasions,ithas:

A

inter-raterreliability

Btest-retestreliability

CconstructvalidityDinternalvalidity第2题2.Ameasurehashighinternalconsistencyreliabilitywhen:

A

multipleobserversobtainthesamescoreeverytimetheyusethemeasure.Beachoftheitemscorrelateswithotheritemsonthemeasure.Cmultipleobserversmakethesameratingsusingthemeasure.D

participantsscoreatthehighendofthescaleeverytimetheycompletethemeasure.第3题3.AnurseresearcherwouldwanttouseKuder-Richardsoncoefficienttoestablishtheinternalconsistencyofaninstrumentinwhichcase?Awhenquestionsareopen-ended

BwhentheinstrumentisdesignedtomeasuremorethanoneconceptCwhentheinstrumentusesaLikert-typeresponsescaleDwhenquestionsdemandayesornoresponse第4题4.Whatpropertyisestablishedwhentheresultsoftwoseparatelyadministeredinstrumentsthatmeasurethesameconceptarehighlycorrelated?A

stabilityBvalidityChomogeneity

D

equivalence第5题5.Whichtypeofreliabilityexistswhenconsistencyofobservation,measuredbyacorrelationcoefficient,isnotedbetweentwoormoreresearchassistantswhorecordtheirobservationsofaneventatthesametime?A

internalconsistency

BparallelformsC

interrater

D

test-retestKnowledgepoint8：Validity第1题1.Whatisconstructvalidity?AHowwellatestmeasurestheconstructsthatitclaimstomeasure.BTheextenttowhichthetestisrelatedtospecificcriteria.CHowwellatestrepresentsallaspectsoftheconstructthatitclaimstomeasure.DNoneoftheoptionsarecorrect.第2题2.Whichvalidityreferstothedegreetowhichscoresoftheinstrumentcorrelatewithscoresofanotherinstrumentthatassessesasimilarconstruct?AconvergentBdiscriminative

CdivergentDstructural第3题Whichvalidityreferstothedegreetowhichthestructureofamulti-itemscaleadequatelyreflectsthehypothesizeddimensionalityoftheconstructbeingmeasured?

Aconvergent

BdiscriminativeC

divergent

Dstructural第4题Whatisthedifferencebetweenconcurrentandpredictivevalidity?AConcurrentvalidityinvolvesmeasurementsthatareadministeratthesametimewhilepredictivevalidityinvolvesonemeasurementpredictingfutureperformanceonanother.BConcurrentvalidityisatypeofcriterion-relatedvaliditypredictivevalidityisatypeofconstructvalidity.CConcurrentvalidityreferstoaspecificcriterion,whilepredictivevalidityinvolvesmanydifferentcriterion.DThereisnodifference.Knowledgepoint9：Cross-CulturalAdaptation第1题1.Whichstatementisnotrightaboutcross-culturaladaptationofascale?AAftertranslation,thecontentofeachitemoftheinstrumentisrelevanttothephenomenaofeachculturebeingstudied.BThemeaningofeachitemismaintainedaftertranslationintotheotherculture.CTheinterpretationoftheresultsfromtheinstrumentisthesameinbothcultures.DThegoalofcross-culturaladaptationistoproduceameasure,whichisidenticaltotheoriginalone.第2题2.Whichstatementisnotrightaboutcross-culturaladaptationofascale?ATheinstrumentinthesourcelanguageisforwardtranslatedtothetargetlanguagebyatleasttwoindependenttranslators.BThetwotranslatorsshouldhavesamebackground.CTheexpertcommittee’sroleistodeveloptheprefinalversionofthequestionnaireforfieldtesting.DThetranslatorsarebilingualtranslators.Writingaresearchreport第1题第2题Whichoneisnottherequirementsfortitle?AAttractiveBConciseCFormativeDDetailed第3题Whichoneisnotthecontentforstructuredabstract?A

LiteraturereviewBObjectivesCResultsDConclusions第4题Whichoneisnotincludedintheliteraturereview?A

Whatisknownonthistopic?BWhatisnotknownonthistopic?Cwhatisthelikelysignificanceofastudy?DWhatis

themajorconceptinthe

study?第5题

Whichoneisnotincludedinthemethodsection?AResearchdesignBDataanalysisCDatacollectionDFramework第6题Whichoneisnottherequirementsforresultssection?AFormativeBAccurateCEffectiveDComplete第7题Whichoneisnotincludedinthediscussionsection?A

LimitationsofthestudyBConclusionsdrawnfromfindingsC

RecommendationsoffutureresearchD

Presentationofresultsofdataanalysis第8题Whichoneisnottherequirementsforreferencecitations?A

FormativeBCorrectC

ConciseDComprehensive第9题WhichoneisnotthepossibledecisionsafterreviewingamanuscriptAAcceptanceBRevirsionCRejectionDDissemination第10题

Whichoneisnotthefactorthatshouldbeconsideredwhileselectingajournal?AIntendedreadersBJournal’sfocustopicCJournalimpactfactorDSubmissionsystem第11题Whichoneisnottrueforaqueryletter?A

Itisessentialforsubmission.BItisaletteranauthorsendstoaneditor.CThepurposeistoaskabouttheeditor'sinterestinreviewingamanuscript.DItcanbesenttomultiplejournalssimultaneously.第12题Whichoneisnottrueforpreparingamanuscript?ATobewrittenaccordingtoguidelinesBToavoidconfusingwordsCTobereviewedonlybyauthorsDTofollowtheformatstyle第13题

Whichoneisnotincludedinthetitlepage?ATitleBAuthors'namesandaffiliationsCCorrespondingauthor’semailaddressDAbstract第14题Whichoneisnottrueforresponsetorequestswhilerevisingamanuscript?AToreviseaccordinglyforanyofcommentsBToconsultthejournaleditorforconflictCTocommentspointbypointDToshowclearlyforchanges第15题Whichoneisnottrueforplagiarism?A

Itisanunethicalbehavior.BItcanbescreenedbysoftwareprograms.CItreferstociteareferenceunintentionally.DItreferstoattributeaquotationfromanotherauthorimproperly.Knowledgepoint1：Definitionofmixedmethodsresearch第1题WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutmixedmethodsResearch?

AItisaresearchinwhichtheinvestigatorusesmorethantwoapproachesinasinglestudy.BItisa

researchin

whichtheinvestigator

uses

bothqualitativeand

quantitativeapproachesinasinglestudy.CItisa

researchin

whichtheinvestigator

uses

twodifferent

qualitativeapproachesinasinglestudy.DItisa

researchin

whichtheinvestigator

uses

twodifferent

quantitativeapproachesinasinglestudy.Knowledgepoint2：PhilosophicalFoundationsofMixedMethodsResearch第1题Themainvalueofusingmixed-methodsresearchinnursingisit:AallowstheresearchertounderstandawiderrangeofresearchmethodsBhelpsresearcherschampionparticularresearchparadigmsCoffersahigherprobabilitythattheconductedresearchwillbeviewedas

completeandcomprehensiveDassistsinreducingresearcherrorKnowledgepoint3：Overviewofmixedmethodsdesigns第1题WhichofthefollowingmixedmethodsdesignsdoesNOTbelongtothetypologyproposedbyCreswellwe?AexploratorysequentialstrategyB

explanatorysequentialstrategyCconvergentconcurrentstrategyDcomplexstrategyKnowledgepoint4：ExploratorySequentialDesigns第1题Amixedmethodsresearchstudythatsoughttoinitiallyidentifythelivedhealth-relatedexperiencesoflungcancerpatientsandfollowthisupbyusingatooltomeasuretheextentofthosehealth-relatedexperiences,wouldbeusingwhichofthefollowingcombinations:Asimultaneous—quantitativeandqualitativeBsimultaneous—qualitativeandquantitative

Csequential—qualitativeleadingtoquantitativeDsequential—quantitativeleadingtoqualitative

Knowledgepoint5：ExplanatorySequentialDesigns第1题Whenresultsofainvestigativestudyarecomplicatedandtrickytointerpret，whichdesignfollowingisespeciallysuitable?A

simultaneous—qualitativeandquantitativeBsimultaneous—quantitativeandqualitativeCsequential—quantitativeleadingtoqualitativeDsequential—qualitativeleadingtoquantitativeKnowledgepoint6：ConvergentConcurrentDesigns第1题WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutConvergentConcurrentDesigns?AThisdesignusuallyintegratestheresultsofthetwomethodsduringtheinterpretationphase.BThisdesignusuallyintegratestheresultsofthetwomethodsduringtheinterpretationphase.CTheconvergentdesignsarelessefficientthanotherdesigns.DTheconvergentdesignsaredifficultforasingleresearcherworkingalonetodo.EthicsinNursingResearch第1题TheNurembergCodedoesnotinclude:Asubjects'voluntaryconsenttoparticipateinresearchBtherightofsubjectstowithdrawfromstudiesCprotectionofsubjectsfromphysicalandmentalsuffering,injury,disability,anddeathduringstudiesDThecodedifferentiatestherapeuticresearchfromnontherapeuticresearch.第2题Whentheresearchernotifiesapersonofanyproposedparticipationinresearch,whichofthefollowinghumanrightsisbeingmet?AtherighttofairtreatmentBtherighttoself-determinationCtherighttoanonymityandconfidentialityDtherighttoprivacy第3题Byremovingelementsthatcanbeusedtoidentifyrelatives,employersorfamilymembers,theresearchermeettherequirementfor:AtherighttofairtreatmentBtherighttoself-determinationCtherighttoanonymityandconfidentialityDtherighttoprivacy第4题Thequalitativeresearcherusedpseudonymswhenquotingtheparticipant'snarrativeinthepublishedstudysomettherequirementfor:AtherighttofairtreatmentBtherighttoself-determinationCtherighttoanonymityandconfidentialityDtherighttoprivacy第5题Byselectingonlyunemployedmenforthestudyandpromisingtopaythemasubstantialamountofmoneytobeintheexperimentalgroup,theresearcherdidnotmeettherequirementfor:AtherighttofairtreatmentBtherighttoself-determinationCtherighttoanonymityandconfidentialityDtherighttoprivacy第6题Theresearcheracknowledgedintheinformationsheetthattalkingaboutexperiencesofthedeathofachildmightbeemotionallypainful.Bysettingupaccesstocounsellingservicesforparticipant