2026年研究生英语入学考试阅读理解与写作题

2026年研究生英语入学考试阅读理解与写作题阅读理解（共4题，每题2分，计8分）第一题（2分）题目：Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimaryreasonforthedeclineintraditionalbookstoresinurbanareas?文章节选："Theriseofe-commercehassignificantlyimpactedtheretaillandscape,particularlyinurbancenters.Traditionalbookstoreshavefacedincreasingcompetitionfromonlineplatforms,whichofferconvenience,competitivepricing,andavastselectionoftitles.Additionally,theshiftinconsumerbehaviortowarddigitalmediahasreducedthedemandforphysicalbooks.Whilesomebookstoreshaveadaptedbyofferinguniqueexperiencesorspecializinginnichegenres,theoveralltrendremainsconcerningfortheindustry.Manyexpertsarguethatthedeclineisirreversible,asyoungergenerationsprefertheimmediacyandaccessibilityofdigitalreading.However,afewindependentbookstoreshavemanagedtosurvivebyfosteringasenseofcommunityandculturalidentity,attractingcustomerswhovaluethetactileexperienceofflippingthroughpagesandengaginginliveliteraryevents."答案：Theriseofe-commerceandtheshifttowarddigitalmedia.解析：Thepassageexplicitlystatesthate-commerce("onlineplatforms")andthepreferencefordigitalmedia("shiftinconsumerbehaviortowarddigitalmedia")arethemainfactorscontributingtothedeclineoftraditionalbookstores.Otherfactorsmentioned,suchasadaptationornichespecialization,aresecondaryorresponsesratherthanprimarycauses.第二题（2分）题目：Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasapotentialsolutionforthechallengesfacedbytraditionalbookstores?文章节选："Inresponsetotheindustry'sstruggles,sometraditionalbookstoreshaveexperimentedwithinnovativemodels.Forinstance,abookstoreinPortland,Oregon,hassuccessfullyintegratedacaféandco-workingspace,transformingitintoacommunityhub.Similarly,achaininShanghaihasfocusedonrareandforeignliterature,targetingexpatriatesandavidreaders.Thesecasesdemonstratethatdifferentiation—whetherthroughexperientialretail,curatedcollections,orstrategicpartnerships—canrevitalizephysicalbookstores.However,theauthorcautionsthatsuchmeasuresrequiresignificantinvestmentandmaynotbesustainableforallbusinesses.Ultimately,thesuccessofthesemodelsdependsontheirabilitytocreatevaluebeyondmereretail."答案：Differentiationthroughexperientialretail,curatedcollections,orstrategicpartnerships.解析：Thepassagehighlightssuccessfulexampleswherebookstoresincorporatednon-traditionalelements(cafés,co-workingspaces)orspecializedinnichemarkets(rare/foreignliterature).Theauthorsuggeststhatsuchdifferentiationiskeytosurvival,thoughitrequirescarefulplanningandresources.第三题（2分）题目：Whatistheauthor'stonetowardthefutureoftraditionalbookstores?文章节选："Whilesomeoptimismexists,theoutlookfortraditionalbookstoresremainscautiouslypessimistic.Industryanalystspredictthatwithoutsignificantinnovation,mostphysicalstoreswillcontinuetoshrinkorclose.However,theauthoracknowledgesthatasmallbutresilientsegmentofthemarketmayendurebyadaptingtochangingconsumerpreferences.Forexample,abookstoreinKyoto,Japan,hasthrivedbyhostingauthorreadingsandculturalworkshops,blendingcommercewitheducation.Suchcasessuggestthatlegacybookstorescanevolve,butonlyiftheyaligntheirofferingswithevolvingsocietalvalues.Theauthorconcludesthattheindustry'sfuturehingesonitsabilitytobalancetraditionwithmodernity."答案：Cautiouslypessimisticbutwithahintofoptimismforadaptivebusinesses.解析：Theauthoracknowledgesthediresituation("cautiouslypessimistic")butalsopointstosuccessfuladaptationsasproofthatsomebookstorescansurvive("asmallbutresilientsegment").Thetoneisbalancedbetweenconcernandpossibility.第四题（2分）题目：Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?文章节选："Theintersectionoftechnologyandeducationhasreshapedhowstudentsaccesslearningmaterials.Whiledigitalplatformshavedemocratizedaccesstoinformation,theyhavealsoraisedconcernsaboutthequalityandreliabilityofonlineresources.Educatorsarguethattraditionaltextbooksremainindispensableforstructuredlearning,astheyarerigorouslyvettedforaccuracyandpedagogicalsoundness.However,publishersareunderpressuretoadoptmultimediaformats,incorporatinginteractiveelementslikequizzesandvideos.Meanwhile,openeducationalresources(OER)havegainedtraction,offeringfreealternativestoexpensivetextbooks.CriticsarguethatOERlacksthedepthoftraditionalmaterials,butproponentsemphasizeitspotentialtoreduceeducationalinequality.Thedebatereflectsbroadertensionsbetweeninnovationandtraditionintheacademicsphere."答案：Theimpactoftechnologyoneducationandthetensionbetweentraditionalanddigitallearningmethods.解析：Thepassagediscussesdigitalplatforms,textbookreliability,interactivemedia,andOER,allwhilehighlightingtheconflictbetweenmodernizationandestablishedpracticesineducation.Thecentralthemerevolvesaroundthistechnologicalshiftanditsimplications.写作（共2题，计20分）第一题（10分）题目：Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldinvestmoreinpubliclibraries,whileothersarguethatprivatefundingandcommunityinitiativesaremoreeffective.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.答案：Governmentsplayacrucialroleinsupportingpubliclibraries,astheyensureuniversalaccesstoeducation,culture,andinformation.Proponentsofgovernmentfundingarguethatlibrariesareessentialpublicgoodsthatbenefitsocietyasawhole,regardlessofanindividual'sabilitytopay.Theyalsoprovideserviceslikeliteracyprograms,jobtraining,andcommunityspaces,whicharevitalforsocialcohesion.However,criticscontendthatprivatefundingandcommunityinitiativescanbemoreefficient,astheyallowfortargetedimprovementsandinnovationwithoutbureaucraticdelays.Forexample,privatedonorsmayfunddigitalresourcesorspecializedcollectionsthatgovernmentsmightoverlook.Whilebothapproacheshavemerits,governmentsshouldmaintainprimaryresponsibilityforlibraries,ensuringequitableaccesswhileencouragingcommunityengagement.解析：Theessayclearlyaddressesbothsidesoftheissue,presentingvalidargumentsforgovernmentfunding(universalaccess,socialbenefits)andprivateinitiatives(efficiency,innovation).Theauthor’sopinioniswell-supported,emphasizingtheneedforabalancedapproach.第二题（10分）题目：Inmanycountries,theproportionofolderpeopleissteadilyincreasing.Doesthistrendhavemorepositiveornegativeeffectsonsociety?答案：Theincreasingproportionofolderpeoplepresentsbothopportunitiesandchallengesforsociety.Onthepositiveside,olderadultsoftenbringwisdom,experience,andastrongsenseofcommunity.Manyretireescontributetotheworkforceaspart-timeworkersorvolunteers,fillinglaborshortagesincertainsectors.Additionally,theirfinancialstabi