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2026年船长考证英语试题库100道第一部分单选题(100题)1、船舶发生火灾时,船长在指挥应急行动时的首要任务是?

A.组织扑灭火灾

B.确保所有船员安全撤离

C.保护船舶主机及舵机

D.记录火灾事故详情

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶应急指挥的优先级。根据《国际海事规则》,船舶应急行动中,“人员安全”是首要原则,船长需优先确保船员及乘客的生命安全,再考虑财产保护。选项A(扑灭火灾)需在人员安全前提下进行;选项C(保护主机)是次要目标;选项D(记录详情)属于事后工作。因此正确答案为B。2、UnderSTCWCode,theterm'Watchkeeping'refersto______.

A.Theresponsibilityofofficerstomaintaintheship'scourse

B.Thedutyofpersonneltoensurethesafenavigationandoperationoftheshipwhileonwatch

C.Theprocessofconductingregularinspectionsoftheship'sequipment

D.Thepracticeofusingradarfordetectingnearbyvessels

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察STCW公约值班定义知识点。正确答案为B,STCWCode中“Watchkeeping”明确指值班人员在值班期间确保船舶安全航行与操作的职责,涵盖航行、设备监控、应急处置等全流程。A选项仅描述“保持航向”,片面;C选项“设备检查”属于日常维护,非值班核心职责;D选项“雷达探测”是航行辅助手段,非值班的定义性描述。3、Thefullformof'IMO'inmaritimecontextis______.

A.InternationalMaritimeOffice

B.InternationalMarineOrganization

C.InternationalMaritimeCommission

D.InternationalMaritimeOrganization

【答案】:D

解析:本题考察国际海事组织的英文缩写知识点,正确答案为D。因为IMO的标准全称是InternationalMaritimeOrganization(国际海事组织),而选项A的InternationalMaritimeOffice(国际海事局)是IMO下属机构;选项B的InternationalMarineOrganization是错误拼写,应为Maritime;选项C的InternationalMaritimeCommission并非国际海事组织的官方名称。4、GPS定位系统确定船位的核心原理是?

A.利用卫星与船载设备的时间差计算距离

B.通过多普勒效应测量船速

C.基于雷达回波定位障碍物

D.依赖地磁场方向确定方位

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察GPS定位原理。GPS通过接收至少4颗卫星的信号,利用卫星与船载设备的时间差计算距离(伪距),再通过三角测量法确定船位。选项B(多普勒效应)是雷达测速原理;选项C(雷达回波)用于雷达导航而非GPS;选项D(地磁场)是磁罗经原理。因此正确答案为A。5、Whatdoestheterm'freeboard'refertoinshipterminology?

A.Theverticaldistancefromtheloadwaterlinetotheupperdeckedge

B.Thehorizontaldistancebetweentwoadjacentholds

C.Themaximumspeedoftheshipincalmwater

D.Thedraftoftheshipindeepwater

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察船舶术语定义。正确答案为A。解析:Freeboard(干舷)是船舶重要参数,指从载重水线(Loadwaterline)到上层甲板边缘的垂直距离,反映船舶储备浮力;B选项描述的是货舱间距;C选项为船速;D选项Draft(吃水)是船底到水面的距离,与干舷定义相反。6、Whichofthefollowingtermsreferstotheabilityofashiptoreturntoitsoriginalpositionafterbeingheeledbyexternalforces(usuallysmallangles)?

A.Initialstability

B.Finalstability

C.Dynamicstability

D.Longitudinalstability

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察船舶稳性的基本概念,正确答案为A。解析:初稳性(Initialstability)特指船舶在小角度倾斜(如由风浪引起的横倾)后,依靠水线面面积产生的复原力矩恢复至初始平衡状态的能力,是船舶稳性的基础衡量指标。选项B的“Finalstability”并非航海标准术语,通常不用于描述小角度倾斜后的稳性;选项C的“Dynamicstability”关注船舶倾斜过程中能量变化(如倾斜角与复原力矩的积分),属于大角度稳性分析,与题干“smallangles”不符;选项D的“Longitudinalstability”指船舶在纵向(首尾方向)的稳性,与题干“returntooriginalpositionafterbeingheeled”(横倾后复原)的横向稳性无关。7、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whentwocrossingvesselshaveonevesselonthestarboardbowoftheother,whichactionshouldtheobservingvesseltake?

A.Maintaincourseandspeeduntilclearoftheothervessel

B.Takeimmediatestarboardturntoavoidcollision

C.Soundoneshortblastandmaintainspeed

D.Soundtwoshortblastsandslowdown

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)中交叉相遇局面的行动规则。交叉相遇局面中,直航船(无让路义务的船舶)需保持航向和航速,直到让路船驶过让清,即选项A为直航船的正确行动。选项B(立即右转)为让路船的避让行动,但若观察船为直航船则不适用;选项C、D为VHF通讯鸣笛规则,与交叉相遇局面无关,故正确答案为A。8、Innauticalterms,themeaningof'Sternway'isthevessel'sspeedwhenmovinginwhichdirection?

A.Aheadinthesterndirection

B.Aheadinthebowdirection

C.Sideways(transversemovement)

D.Acceleratingrapidly

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海术语含义。Sternway由“Stern”(船尾)和“way”(航行状态/速度)组成,指船舶以船尾方向前进的航行状态(即倒退航行),对应选项A。选项B(船首方向前进)应为“Bowway”;选项C(横向移动)通常称为“Sidewaysmovement”或“Drift”;选项D(快速加速)与“Sternway”无关,故正确答案为A。9、Whichisthemostimmediatedistresssignaltobetransmittedwhenashipisindangerofsinking?

A.Morsecode'SOS'

B.VHFChannel16

C.Telexmessagetonearestportauthority

D.Satelliteemergencyalert(e.g.,Inmarsat-C)

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶遇险信号的优先级。VHFChannel16(156.8MHz)是国际遇险与安全频道,船舶遇险时应立即在该频道发送清晰、简短的遇险信号(如“Mayday,Mayday,Mayday”),是最即时、最直接的海上遇险通信方式。A选项“Morsecode'SOS'”需依赖特定无线电设备(如GMDSS设备),操作复杂且响应延迟;C选项“Telexmessage”(电传)传输速度慢,不适合紧急情况;D选项“Satelliteemergencyalert”(卫星紧急警报)依赖卫星覆盖且需配合其他设备,无法替代即时VHF通信。因此正确答案为B。10、WhichofthefollowingisNOTamandatoryGMDSSequipmentforinternationalvoyages?

A.EPIRB(EmergencyPositionIndicatingRadioBeacon)

B.SART(SearchandRescueRadarTransponder)

C.VHF(VeryHighFrequency)DSC

D.FOC(FixedOperationalCommunicationCenter)

【答案】:D

解析:本题考察GMDSS设备类型。正确答案为D,GMDSS系统由船舶配备的设备(如A、B、C选项)组成,而FOC是港口固定通信中心,属于岸上设施,非船舶必须配备的设备。11、Inanemergencysituationatsea,theprioritychannelforurgentdistresscallsonVHFradiois______.

A.Channel13

B.Channel16

C.Channel70

D.Channel06

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察VHF遇险通信频道。正确答案为B。国际海事规则规定,VHFChannel16(频道16)是国际遇险与安全专用频道,遇险时优先使用该频道进行紧急呼叫。选项A(港口作业频道)、D(常规通信频道)非遇险专用;选项C(DSC频道70)主要用于数字报警,语音紧急呼叫仍以频道16为优先。12、Whichinstrumentisusedtodeterminetheship'spositionbymeasuringanglestofixedcelestialbodiesorlandmarks?

A.GPSreceiver

B.Radar

C.Sextant

D.Logbook

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察航海定位仪器的功能。选项A'GPSreceiver'(全球定位系统)通过卫星信号直接定位,无需测量角度;选项B'Radar'(雷达)用于探测目标距离和方位,但不依赖角度测量固定天体;选项C'Sextant'(六分仪)通过测量天体高度或物标方位角计算船位,是传统天文定位的核心工具;选项D'Logbook'(航海日志)是记录航行数据的文书,非定位仪器。因此正确答案为C。13、AccordingtoSOLASandCOLREGs,theminimumlengthrequirementforashiptoberequiredtocarryanAutomaticIdentificationSystem(AIS)is______.

A.20meters

B.10meters

C.30meters

D.50meters

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察船舶AIS配备的法规要求,正确答案为A。根据国际公约,长度20米及以上的船舶(无论航行区域)均需配备AIS。选项B(10米)长度过短,不符合要求;选项C(30米)和D(50米)均高于法定最低要求,非正确答案。14、在船舶进港靠泊操纵中,“备车”(standbyengine)的正确时机是?

A.船舶驶离泊位前

B.船舶接近泊位,能看到泊位周围船舶时

C.船舶接近引航站或引航员登船时

D.船舶进入港口水域,能见度良好时

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶操纵中主机备车的时机知识点。“备车”是指将主机置于随时可操纵状态,通常在船舶接近泊位、引航员登船或能见度不良(如接近港口水域、航道)时开始执行,确保引航员能根据泊位环境随时调整主机。选项A错误(驶离泊位前无需备车);选项C错误(引航站登船时距离泊位尚远,无需提前备车);选项D错误(港口水域能见度良好时未到备车时机,应保持正常航行状态)。15、WhatdoestheabbreviationEPIRBstandfor?

A.EmergencyPositionIndicatingRadarBeacon

B.EmergencyPositionIndicatorRadioBeacon

C.EmergencyPositionIndicatingRadioBeacon

D.EmergencyPositionIndicatorRadarBeacon

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察船舶应急设备术语。EPIRB的正确全称是EmergencyPositionIndicatingRadioBeacon(应急无线电示位标)。A混淆了雷达应答器(SART);B中‘Indicator’应为‘Indicating’;D错误替换‘Radio’为‘Radar’,雷达应答器(SART)功能与EPIRB不同。16、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,theinspectionintervalforliferaftsshallbenomorethan______.

A.12months

B.6months

C.24months

D.18months

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约中救生筏检查周期。正确答案为A,SOLAS第III章明确规定救生筏的检查间隔不超过12个月。B选项6个月是救生艇的检查周期,C选项24个月超过公约最低要求,D选项18个月无公约依据。17、Whichinternationaldistresssignalshouldbeusedwhenashipisinimmediatedangerrequiringurgentassistance?

A.SOS

B.MAYDAY

C.PAN-PAN

D.SECURITE

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察国际遇险信号的规范使用。选项A'SOS'是摩尔斯电码遇险信号,但现代国际海事通信中已普遍以语音'MAYDAY'作为遇险信号(SOS仅作为辅助);选项C'PAN-PAN'为紧急信号(非遇险,仅表示紧急情况需帮助);选项D'SECURITE'用于发布安全信息,非遇险信号。根据《国际海上避碰规则》及《无线电规则》,正确答案为B'MAYDAY',即船舶遇险时的标准语音求救信号。18、AccordingtotheInternationalSafetyManagement(ISM)Code,theprimaryobjectivesofaship'ssafetymanagementsystemaretoensure______.

A.safeoperationoftheshipandpreventionofmarinepollution

B.maximumnavigationefficiencyandcrewskillenhancement

C.rapidresponsetomaritimeaccidentsandminimalrepaircosts

D.strictcompliancewithnationalportregulationsandcostreduction

【答案】:A

解析:TheISMCode(InternationalSafetyManagementCode)mandatessafetymanagementsystemswithcoreobjectivesofensuringsafeoperationoftheshipandpreventingmarinepollution.OptionBconfusesefficiencywithsafety;OptionCfocusesonaccidentresponseratherthanprevention;OptionDmisrepresentsregulatorycomplianceastheprimarygoal.CorrectanswerisA.19、Whichofthefollowingistheinternationallyrecognizeddistresssignalforimmediateassistanceatsea?

A."SOS"(threedots,threedashes,threedotsinMorsecode)

B."Mayday"(repeatedthreetimes)

C."Pan-pan"(repeatedthreetimes)

D."Allhandsondeck"

【答案】:B

解析:"Mayday"isthestandardvoicedistresscallforimmediateassistance(Biscorrect)."SOS"isaMorsecodedistresssignalbutislesscommonlyusedasavoicecall(Aisincorrect)."Pan-pan"isforurgentbutnotlife-threateningsituations(Cisincorrect)."Allhandsondeck"isnotaninternationallyrecognizeddistresssignal(Disincorrect).Thus,Bisthecorrectanswer.20、AccordingtoSTCWConvention,whichofthefollowingistheMaster'sprimaryresponsibility?

A.Ensurethesafenavigationoftheshipandcompliancewithinternationalregulations

B.Supervisecargoloading/unloadingandmaintaincargorecords

C.Operatetheship'sradiocommunicationequipmentandsenddistresssignals

D.Conductregularengineroominspectionsandmaintainengineperformance

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察STCW公约中船长的核心职责。船长的首要职责是确保船舶安全航行并遵守国际法规,涵盖航行安全、防污染、船员管理等全局事务。B选项属于大副职责;C选项通常由驾驶员或GMDSS操作员负责;D选项为轮机长职责。因此正确答案为A。21、UnderCOLREGs,whentwopower-drivenvesselsarecrossing,whichvesselshallkeepoutoftheway?

A.Thevesselonthestarboardside

B.Thevesselontheportside

C.Thevesselwithhigherspeed

D.Thevesselwithlowerspeed

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察避碰规则(COLREGs)交叉相遇局面。正确答案为A,根据COLREGsRule9,交叉相遇时,右舷船为让路船(givewayvessel),应主动避让直航船。B选项左舷船为直航船,C、D选项速度因素需结合具体情况,非交叉局面下的优先避让规则。22、Whichinstrumentisusedtomeasurethedirectionofthewindrelativetotheship'sheading?

A.Anemometer

B.Windvane

C.Magneticcompass

D.Echosounder

【答案】:B

解析:Thisquestionisaboutidentifyingtheinstrumentusedtomeasurewinddirection.OptionBiscorrectbecauseawindvaneisspecificallydesignedtoshowthedirectionfromwhichthewindisblowingrelativetotheship'sheading.OptionA,anemometer,isusedtomeasurewindspeed,notdirection.OptionC,amagneticcompass,isusedtodeterminethedirectionoftheship'sheading,notthewinddirection.OptionD,anechosounder,isusedtomeasurewaterdepth,notwind.23、WhenshouldtheMasterenterinthelogbookthefactofthevessel'sarrivalataport?

A.Assoonastheanchorisdropped

B.Immediatelyuponarrivalattheportlimits

C.Assoonasthepilotboards

D.Uponcompletionofcustomsformalities

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察航海日志记录规范。根据航海日志管理要求,船长应在船舶到达港口界限(portlimits)时立即记录到港事实,而非锚泊后(A)、引航员登船后(C)或完成海关手续后(D),这些时间点均晚于实际到达港口界限的时刻,会导致信息记录延迟。24、GPS定位系统中,用于提高定位精度的差分GPS英文缩写是?

A.DGPS

B.GPS

C.GLONASS

D.AIS

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海导航设备英文缩写。DGPS(DifferentialGPS)即差分全球定位系统,通过地面差分基准站向船舶提供修正数据,大幅提高GPS定位精度;选项B“GPS”为基础全球定位系统,无差分修正功能;选项C“GLONASS”是俄罗斯全球导航卫星系统,与差分无关;选项D“AIS”为船舶自动识别系统,非定位系统。因此正确答案为A。25、Iftwovesselsareonacrossingcourse,andonevesselobservestheother'ssternlight,whichrulegovernstheirinteraction?

A.Head-onsituation(Rule13)

B.Overtakingsituation(Rule14)

C.Crossingsituation(Rule15)

D.Collisionavoidance(Rule19)

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察交叉相遇局面(CrossingSituation)的定义。根据COLREGsRule14,当两船航向交叉且一船看到另一船的尾灯(sternlight)时,属于交叉相遇局面,此时有让路船和直航船之分。选项A(对遇局面)应同时看到对方的前后桅灯,排除;选项B(追越局面)需一船位于另一船的尾追方向,与尾灯无关;选项D(Rule19)为碰撞危险条款,非相遇局面,故正确答案为C。26、Inthenauticallog,thetimewhentheshiparrivesatacertainpositionshouldberecordedusing:

A.Localtime

B.Ship'stime

C.CoordinatedUniversalTime(UTC)

D.Worldtime

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察航海日志的时间记录规范。选项A'Localtime'因受时区影响,可能导致全球航行中时间不统一;选项B'Ship'stime'仅为船上本地时钟,未考虑国际标准;选项D'Worldtime'非国际通用航海术语。根据《国际海道测量组织》(IHO)规范,航海日志必须使用UTC(协调世界时)记录时间,以确保全球航行中时间的一致性和准确性,因此正确答案为C。27、Theterm'wayon'inmarinenavigationmeansthatthevessel______.

A.Hassufficientspeedtomaintainsteeragewayandisabletorespondtohelmorders.

B.Isabouttolosesteeragewayandshouldimmediatelyincreasespeed.

C.Hasanchoredandisnolongermovingthroughthewater.

D.Ismovingbackwardinreversegearatahighspeed.

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海术语“wayon”的定义。Wayon指船舶具备足够前进速度(steerageway),能保持航向并响应舵令。选项B描述的是“wayoff”(船速不足,即将失去操纵性);选项C是锚泊状态(atanchor);选项D是倒航(astern),与wayon无关。因此正确答案为A。28、WhichofthefollowingisarecognizeddistresssignalundertheInternationalCodeofSignals(ICS)?

A.Singleletter'N'flag(Nflagalone)

B.Redsquareoverwhitesquare(InternationalCodeflags)

C.Greenball(Greencircle)displayedonthevessel

D.Yellowflagwithblacksquare(InternationalCodeflags)

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察国际信号规则中的遇险信号识别。根据《国际信号规则》,遇险信号需使用特定的遇险信号旗组合,其中红方旗(N旗)叠加白方旗(S旗)是国际通用的遇险信号组合(对应ICS中遇险信号代码)。选项A(单独字母旗)、C(绿色球,用于特定作业信号,非遇险)、D(黄底黑方旗,为危险货物信号)均非遇险信号。正确答案为B。29、Whatdoestheabbreviation'EPIRB'standforinmaritimesafetyequipment?

A.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon

B.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadarBeacon

C.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingVHFBeacon

D.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingSatelliteBeacon

【答案】:A

解析:Thisquestionassessesmaritimeequipmentterminology.EPIRB(A)isdefinedasanEmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon,adevicethattransmitslocationdataviasatelliteforsearchandrescue.OptionBconfusesitwitharadarbeacon(e.g.,SART),CincorrectlyusesVHFinsteadofradio,andDmisclassifiesitassatellite-basedonly(EPIRBscanusebothsatelliteandradiofrequencies).Thus,Aiscorrect.30、AccordingtoSTCWCode,whichofthefollowingisNOTthemaster'sprimaryresponsibilityduringnavigationwatch?

A.Maintainingcontinuousandeffectivelookout

B.Directlyoperatingthesteeringgear

C.EnsuringcompliancewithSOLASregulations

D.Supervisingcrewperformance

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察STCW公约中船长职责。正确答案为B。A、C、D均为船长核心职责:保持瞭望(A)是航行安全基础;监督船员符合SOLAS等法规(C)是船长法定责任;监督船员表现(D)是STCW对船长的明确要求。而B选项“Directlyoperatingthesteeringgear”(直接操作舵机)属于驾驶员的具体操作职责,非船长主要职责。31、Whichtermdescribestheperiodwhenthewaterlevelisneitherrisingnorfalling,betweenhighwaterandlowwater?

A.Ebbtide

B.Slackwater

C.Floodtide

D.Highwater

【答案】:B

解析:Thisquestionteststidalterminology.Slackwater(B)isthestillwaterperiodbetweenebbandfloodtides,wheretidalcurrentceases.Ebbtide(A)isthefallingphaseofwater,floodtide(C)istherisingphase,andhighwater(D)isthepeakwaterlevel.Thus,Bisthecorrectterm.32、TheInternationalConventionSTCWstandsfor:

A.StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers

B.SafetyofLifeatSeaConvention

C.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea

D.InternationalMaritimeDangerousGoodsCode

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察STCW公约的英文全称。STCW公约全称是“StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers”,即《海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》。选项B是SOLAS公约的英文缩写,选项C是SOLAS公约的完整名称(安全方面),选项D是《国际海运危险货物规则》(IMDGCode),均不符合题意。33、Whichnavigationequipmentisusedtodeterminetheship'spositionbymeasuringanglestofixedobjectslikebuoysorlighthouses?

A.GlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)

B.Radar

C.MagneticCompass

D.ElectronicPositionIndicatingSystem(EPIRB)

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察导航设备功能。Radar(雷达)可通过测量与固定物标(如灯塔、浮标)的方位角(角度)和距离,实现两方位定位或交叉定位,因此B正确。A(GPS)通过卫星直接定位,无需角度测量;C(磁罗经)仅指示航向,无法定位;D(EPIRB)是应急示位标,用于遇险求救,非定位设备。34、根据SOLAS公约,船舶消防控制图(FireControlPlan)的主要作用是?

A.仅用于船舶建造时的设计参考

B.标明船舶消防设备位置、逃生路线及关键系统

C.仅在港口国检查时提交给海事当局

D.仅用于火灾发生时指导船员操作主机

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约中消防控制图的功能。消防控制图是船舶关键安全文件,需永久张贴在驾驶台或机舱,核心作用是标明消防设备(如灭火器、消防泵)位置、逃生通道、水密门/防火门位置及关键系统(如燃油舱、机舱)分布,帮助船员快速响应火灾。选项A错误(非仅用于建造);选项C错误(是船上必备文件,非仅提交检查);选项D错误(主机操作与消防控制图无关)。35、Inradarrelativemotiondisplay,whatdoestherelativemotionofatargetvesselindicate?

A.Theactualspeedanddirectionofthetargetrelativetotheseabed.

B.Thetarget'sspeedanddirectionasseenfromtheperspectiveoftheownvessel.

C.Themaximumrangeatwhichthetargetcanbedetectedbytheradar.

D.Thetimeittakesfortheradarsignaltotraveltothetargetandback.

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察雷达相对运动显示(RMD)的概念。相对运动显示中,本船静止不动,目标船的运动轨迹反映其相对于本船的速度和方向。选项A描述的是真运动显示(TMD)中目标相对于海底的运动;选项C是雷达量程(Range),与运动无关;选项D是雷达脉冲传播时间(EchoDelay),非运动参数。因此正确答案为B。36、Whichdocumentisessentialforashiptoconductinternationalvoyages?

A.Master’sSeaman’sBook

B.InternationalShipSafetyCertificate

C.InternationalCargoDeclaration

D.PortClearance

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶国际航行必备文件。“InternationalShipSafetyCertificate”(选项B,国际船舶安全证书)是证明船舶符合《国际海上人命安全公约》(SOLAS)安全标准的核心文件。选项A“Master’sSeaman’sBook”仅证明船长资质;选项C“InternationalCargoDeclaration”是港口作业单据;选项D“PortClearance”是离港手续,均非船舶航行资质文件。故正确答案为B。37、AccordingtoCOLREGs(InternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea),whichofthefollowingisNOTarequirementformaintainingaproperlookout?

A.Relyingsolelyonradarfordetectingnearbyvessels

B.Usingvisualandauditoryobservationinadditiontoradar

C.Consideringweatherandseaconditionswhenassessinglookoutcapability

D.Usingallavailablemeans(e.g.,VHF,AIS)todetectpotentialhazards

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察船舶避碰规则中瞭望要求。COLREGs明确要求瞭望需结合视觉、听觉及所有可用手段(如雷达、VHF、AIS),且不可仅依赖雷达(因雷达存在盲区和局限性)。B、C、D均符合瞭望要求,而A选项“仅依赖雷达”违反瞭望规则,故正确答案为A。38、Inrestrictedvisibility(e.g.,fog),whichvesselshoulddisplayanall-roundwhitelightandred/greensidelights?

A.Avesselnotundercommand

B.Avesselengagedinfishing

C.Avesselatanchor

D.Avesseltowinganothervessel

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察《国际避碰规则》中操纵能力受限船舶的号灯要求。根据COLREGs,“notundercommand”(操纵能力受限)船舶在能见度不良时,需显示全向白灯(all-roundwhitelight)和舷灯(red/greensidelights),以表明其操纵能力受限。B选项“engagedinfishing”(从事捕鱼)船舶在能见度不良时应显示的号灯为垂直两盏环照灯(上下);C选项“atanchor”(锚泊)船舶应显示垂直两盏白灯和甲板灯;D选项“towinganothervessel”(拖带)船舶应显示号灯(如前后号灯),均不符合题意。因此正确答案为A。39、Whichnavigationalinstrumentisusedtodeterminetheship’sheadingrelativetotheEarth’smagneticpoles?

A.MagneticCompass

B.Gyrocompass

C.GPSReceiver

D.ElectronicChartDisplayandInformationSystem(ECDIS)

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海仪器的功能差异,正确答案为A。解析:MagneticCompass(磁罗经)通过地球磁场(地磁北极)指示船舶航向,直接测量相对磁北的方向,是船舶必备的基础导航设备(尤其作为GPS/陀螺罗经失效时的备用设备)。选项B的Gyrocompass(陀螺罗经)基于陀螺定轴性原理,通常指示真北(TrueNorth),精度更高但依赖电力和维护;选项C的GPSReceiver(全球定位系统)用于定位而非直接指示航向;选项D的ECDIS是电子海图系统,辅助航行规划而非航向测量。题干强调“relativetomagneticnorth”,因此磁罗经是唯一符合的选项。40、SOLASChapterIIIprimarilyregulateswhichaspectofshipsafety?

A.Shipconstructionandfireprotection

B.Navigationequipmentandbridgewatchkeeping

C.Life-savingappliancesandarrangements

D.Radiocommunicationanddistresssignals

【答案】:C

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约章节内容。正确答案为C。SOLASIII章全称为'Life-savingappliancesandarrangements'(救生设备与布置),明确规定救生艇、救生筏、救生衣等救生设备的配置与操作要求。选项A对应SOLASI章(船舶构造);选项B对应SOLASV章(航行安全);选项D对应SOLASIV章(无线电通信)。41、Whentwopower-drivenvesselsareapproachinghead-on,whichCOLREGsrulegovernstheircollisionavoidanceactions?

A.Rule14(Head-onsituation)

B.Rule15(Crossingsituation)

C.Rule16(Actionbyvesselinsight)

D.Rule17(Responsibilityclauses)

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察国际避碰规则(COLREGs)的核心条款,正确答案为A。解析:Rule14明确规定,当两机动船航向相反(对遇局面)时,两船应各自向右转向,以避免碰撞,且双方均负有同等避让责任。选项B的Rule15适用于“Crossingsituation”(交叉相遇局面),即一船从另一船右舷或左舷横越其前方,此时让路船需采取避让行动;选项C的Rule16强调“互见中船舶的行动原则”,属于一般性转向避让要求,不针对特定局面;选项D的Rule17仅明确不同局面下的责任分配,未规定具体避让动作。42、WhichcertificateisessentialforaMastertolegallycommandanocean-goingcargovessel?

A.Master'sCertificateofCompetency

B.BasicSafetyTraining(BST)Certificate

C.InternationalShipSecurityCertificate

D.MedicalFitnessCertificateforSeafarers

【答案】:A

解析:Thisquestionexaminestheessentialcertificatesforamaster.ThecorrectanswerisA.The'Master'sCertificateofCompetency'isthelegalcertificateprovingthatthemasterhastheabilitytocommandanocean-goingcargovessel.OptionB,theBasicSafetyTraining(BST)Certificate,isonlyacertificateofbasicsafetytraininganddoesnotgrantcommandauthority.OptionC,theInternationalShipSecurityCertificate,isacertificateforthesecuritysystemoftheshipandisnotrelatedtothemaster'scommandqualification.OptionD,theMedicalFitnessCertificate,onlyprovesthehealthstatusoftheseafarerandisnotthecorecertificateforcommand.43、Whenthemasterintendstomaintainaconstantcourseduringnavigation,theappropriatecommandis:

A.Setanddrift

B.Steadyheading

C.Speedcontrol

D.Positionfixing

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶操纵英语指令的理解。选项A'Setanddrift'指水流偏航和漂移,是描述船舶位置偏差的术语,非指令;选项C'Speedcontrol'仅涉及速度调节,与保持航向无关;选项D'Positionfixing'是定位操作,非航向指令。正确答案B'Steadyheading'意为“保持航向”,符合船长维持恒向航行的指令需求。44、Whichofthefollowingistheprimaryfunctionofaship'sradar?

A.Todetectothervessels,landmasses,andnavigationalhazards

B.Tomeasuretheship'sspeedthroughwater

C.Todeterminetheship'strueheading

D.Tocalculatetheship'sestimatedposition(EP)

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察船舶雷达的主要功能。雷达通过发射电磁波并接收回波,主要用于探测船舶周围的其他船只、陆地、浅滩等航行障碍物,确保航行安全。选项B(测船速)通常由计程仪(Log)完成;选项C(确定真航向)由罗经(Compass)提供;选项D(计算估计船位)需结合GPS、陆标定位等多种手段,非雷达的主要功能。因此正确答案为A。45、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,thelifeboatshallbeabletolaunchwithin______minutesincaseofemergency.

A.5

B.10

C.15

D.20

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约中救生设备要求。SOLAS明确规定,救生艇应能在紧急情况下10分钟内完成释放,以确保遇险人员快速撤离。A选项5分钟过短,C和D选项超过公约最低标准。因此正确答案为B。46、AccordingtotheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs),whenmustavesselmaintainaproperlook-out?

A.Onlyinrestrictedvisibilityconditions

B.Atalltimeswhileunderway

C.Onlywhenenteringatrafficseparationscheme

D.Onlyduringnightnavigation

【答案】:B

解析:ThisquestionteststherequirementsforlookoutintheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs).ThecorrectanswerisB.AccordingtoCOLREGs,avesselmustmaintainaneffectivelookoutatalltimeswhileunderway,includingduringdaytime,nighttime,andinconditionsofrestrictedvisibility.OptionAisincorrectbecauselookoutisnotonlyrequiredinrestrictedvisibility;OptionCiswrongbecauselookoutsarestillnecessaryintrafficseparationschemes;OptionDisincorrectbecauselookoutsarerequiredatalltimes,notjustduringnightnavigation.47、TheSOLASConventionappliestowhichtypeofships?

A.Allshipsengagedininternationalvoyages

B.Merchantshipsonly

C.Navalshipsandwarships

D.Fishingvesselsonly

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约(国际海上人命安全公约)的适用范围,正确答案为A。SOLAS公约适用于国际航行的所有船舶,包括客船、货船、渔船(国际航行)等,无论其所属国籍。选项B错误,SOLAS不仅适用于商船;选项C错误,军舰通常不受SOLAS约束;选项D错误,SOLAS适用于国际航行的渔船,而非仅渔船。48、WhichweathersystemischaracterizedbyacentrallowpressureandcounterclockwisewindcirculationintheNorthernHemisphere?

A.TropicalCyclone

B.Anticyclone

C.Mid-latitudeCyclone

D.MonsoonDepression

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海气象学基础知识。热带气旋(TropicalCyclone)在北半球因科里奥利力呈逆时针旋转,中心气压极低(低压),符合题干描述。选项B错误,反气旋(Anticyclone)为中心高压,北半球顺时针旋转;选项C错误,温带气旋虽中心低压,但常伴随锋面活动,旋转特征不如热带气旋典型;选项D错误,季风低压是热带气旋的一种特殊类型,题干问“天气系统类型”,热带气旋更具代表性。故正确答案为A。49、Whichtermreferstotheverticaldistancefromthewaterlinetotheupperdeckedgeofaship?

A.Freeboard

B.Draft

C.Keel

D.Bilge

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海术语定义。Freeboard(干舷)指水线至上层甲板边缘的垂直距离(选项A正确)。选项BDraft为吃水(水线至船底距离),选项CKeel为龙骨(船底纵向结构),选项DBilge为舭部(船底与船侧弯曲部分),均不符合题意。50、AccordingtoSOLASandIMOrequirements,whenmustasignificantnavigationaleventberecordedintheship'slogbook?

A.Immediatelyuponoccurrenceoftheevent

B.Duringthedailylogsummaryattheendofthewatch

C.Aftertheeventisfullyresolvedandrisksareeliminated

D.WhentheMasterchangesshiftsandtheeventisreportedbytheofficerofthewatch

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察航海日志的记录规范。根据SOLAS和IMO要求,航海日志需实时记录关键事件,确保信息准确及时。选项B延迟至每日总结易遗漏细节;选项C延迟至风险消除后记录会导致信息失真;选项D依赖换班报告不符合“谁发现谁记录”的原则。正确答案为A,强调航海日志的实时性和准确性要求。51、Innarrowwaters,themostcommonmethodforsafenavigationis______.

A.Piloting

B.ParallelHeading

C.Leeway

D.Tacking

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察狭水道航行方法知识点。正确答案为A,因为在狭水道航行时,引航员(Piloting)凭借专业知识和经验引导船舶安全通过,是国际通用的安全航行方法。B选项“ParallelHeading”(平行航向)仅指航行姿态,非方法;C选项“Leeway”(偏航)是船舶因水流/风产生的自然偏移现象,非航行方法;D选项“Tacking”(抢风调向)是帆船特有的航向调整操作,不适用于机动船狭水道航行。52、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whichvesselshallkeepoutofthewaywhentwopower-drivenvesselsareinacrossingsituation?

A.Thevesselonthestarboardsideoftheothervessel

B.Thevesselontheportsideoftheothervessel

C.Thefastervessel

D.Thelargervessel

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察交叉相遇局面的避让规则。根据COLREGs,交叉相遇时,右舷有他船的船舶(即相对另一艘船处于右舷位置的船舶)为让路船,需主动避让。B选项左舷有他船的船舶非让路船;C、D选项速度和吨位非避让责任的判断依据。因此正确答案为A。53、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,whichofthefollowingisamandatorylife-savingappliancerequirement?

A.Lifebuoyswithself-ignitinglightsandbuoyantlines

B.Atleast10lifejacketsforeachpersononboard

C.Lifeboatwithcapacityfor50%ofthecrew

D.Radarreflectorsonallliferafts

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约第III章救生设备要求。根据SOLASIII/14,救生圈(lifebuoys)必须配备自亮浮灯(self-ignitinglights)和浮索(buoyantlines),以确保遇险时的可见性和可操作性。选项B错误,SOLAS要求每人至少1件救生衣(而非10件);选项C错误,救生艇容量应满足全船人员;选项D错误,雷达应答器(而非反射器)是遇险信号设备,故正确答案为A。54、Theterm'meandraft'inship'sterminologyisdefinedas______.

A.Themaximumdraftmeasuredatanypoint

B.Theaverageoftheforwardandafterdrafts

C.Theminimumdraftrequiredforsafenavigation

D.Thedraftmeasuredatthemidshipsection

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察船舶吃水术语“meandraft”。正确答案为B,“meandraft”特指船舶首尾吃水的平均值,用于计算船舶稳性、排水量等关键参数。A选项为“maximumdraft”(最大吃水),C选项为“minimumsafedraft”(最小安全吃水),D选项为“midshipdraft”(船中吃水),均与“meandraft”定义不符。55、UndertheISMCode,whichofthefollowingisthemaster’sprimaryresponsibility?

A.Ensuringthesafenavigationoftheship

B.Recruitingallnewcrewmembers

C.Conductingmarineaccidentinvestigations

D.Maintainingtheship’sengineroomequipment

【答案】:A

解析:本题考察ISM规则(安全管理体系)中船长职责。ISMCode明确船长首要职责是确保船舶航行安全,包括遵守国际避碰规则、保障船员安全、控制船舶状态等。B选项船员招聘由船舶管理公司负责;C选项海事事故调查由主管机关执行;D选项轮机长负责机舱设备维护。因此正确答案为A。56、Whichtermreferstothemaximumamountofwaterthatashipcandisplacewithoutexceedingitssafeloadline?

A.Displacement

B.DeadweightTonnage

C.LoadLine

D.Tonnage

【答案】:C

解析:Thisquestionteststheunderstandingofkeynauticalterms.TheLoadLineisthetermthatindicatesthemaximumamountofwaterashipcandisplacewithoutexceedingitssafeloadline,whichiscrucialforensuringtheship'ssafenavigation.Displacementreferstothetotalweightofwaterdisplacedbytheship.DeadweightTonnageisthetotalweightofcargo,fuel,andsuppliestheshipcancarry.Tonnageisameasureoftheship'ssizeandvolume.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC.57、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,whichdocumentmustthemasterkeepreadilyavailableonboard?

A.Ship'sInternationalCargoDeclaration

B.Ship'sSafetyManagementCertificate(SMC)

C.InternationalLoadLineCertificate

D.PassengerListforallvoyages

【答案】:B

解析:本题考察SOLAS公约核心文件要求。正确答案为B,《船舶安全管理证书(SMC)》是SOLAS公约要求船长随时备妥的关键文件,证明船舶符合安全管理规范;A选项载货申报单非强制必备;C选项载重线证书(LoadLineCertificate)虽重要,但非“随时可用”的核心管理文件;D选项乘客名单仅客船需按类型准备,均为错误选项。58、Whenloweringalifeboatfromaship,whichoperationisessentialforsafety?

A.Loweringrapidlytosavetime

B.Mustbeoperatedwhentheshipiscompletelystationary

C.DirectedbytheSecondOfficer

D.Personnelinthelifeboatshouldfastensafetybelts

【答案】:D

解析:本题考察救生艇降落操作安全要求。正确答案为D,救生艇内人员必须系好安全带,防止艇体晃动或落水。A错误,快速降落易导致失控或碰撞;B错误,船舶通常在低速前进或停车状态下即可安全降落;C错误,救生艇操作通常由艇长或指定艇员指挥,非固定由二副负责。59、WhichofthefollowingisaprimaryresponsibilityoftheMasterduringnavigationwatchaccordingtoSTCWConvention?

A.Maintaincontinuousandeffectivelookout

B.Recordallpassengers'personalinformation

C.Signalldeparturedocumentsbeforesailing

D.Directtheengineroomtoadjustspeedimmediately

【答案】:A

解析:ThisquestionexaminesthecoredutyoftheMasterduringnavigationwatchunderSTCW(StandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeeping)requirements.T

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