山西晋城市2025-2026学年高二年级上学期2月期末自测英语试题（解析版）

机密★启用前高二年级期末自测英语试卷满分：分，考试时间：分钟)注意事项：指定位置。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。第一部分听力共两节，满分分)第一节共5小题每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.WhenwillJimpickupthewoman?A.At7:30.B.At8:00.C.At8:30.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inapark.B.Inahospital.C.Inarepairshop.4.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Paybycheck.B.Joininthetrip.C.Carryenoughcash.5.Howdoesthewomangetexercise?A.Shedancesquiteoften.B.Sheplaysbasketballallthetime.C.Shegoesswimmingregularly.第二节共小题每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各第1页/共24页小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanintendtodo?A.Chooseasofa.B.Findagooddesigner.C.Bringthebooklethome.7.WhydoesthemanprefernextSunday?A.Hehasn’tdecidedonthematerial.B.Heisn’tavailableonSaturday.C.Hewon’tmoveintothehouseuntilthen.听第7段材料，回答第、9题。8.HowmuchdoesAndysaveeachmonthwithhisnewprovider?A.$28.B.$16.C.$12.9.WhatisAndy’spasswordrelatedto?A.Hisfavouritebook.B.Hisfavouritemovie.C.Hisfavouritesong.听第8段材料，回答第至题。10.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftherain?A.Surprising.B.Interesting.C.Exciting.Whydothespeakerscomehere?A.workout.B.havecarsrepaired.C.haveapicnic.12.Whathappenedtothespeakers?A.Theirclotheswereallwet.B.Theyforgottobringfood.C.Theyleftfoodatarestaurant.听第9段材料，回答第至题。13.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.askforsomeadvice.B.makeacomplaint.C.givesomesuggestions.14.Whichairportconnectstoatrainstation?A.ReaganNationalAirport.B.DullesAirport.第2页/共24页C.Baltimore/InternationalAirport.15.Whatisthewoman’spurposeofgoingtoDC?A.studyabroad.B.gosightseeing.C.haveameeting.16.WhatdoesthehotelA.Breakfast.B.Freepick-upservice.C.Midnightsnack.听第段材料，回答第至题。17.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker’sgrandmother?A.Shewenttocollegeinthe1920s.B.Sheworkedasateacher.C.Shewasasecretary.18.Whendidthespeaker’smothergotocollege?A.Whenthespeakerjoinedalawfirm.B.Whenthespeakerwasinsecondaryschool.C.Afterthespeakerwasborn.19.Whydidmanywomengotocollegeinthespeaker’smother’sgeneration?A.Theywereencouragedbyparents.B.Theywantedtostartabusiness.C.Theytriedtofindagoodhusband.20.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthespeaker’sgeneration?A.Theylikepeacefullife.B.Theyhatetodohousework.C.Theyhavemorechoices.第二部分阅读共两节，满分分)第一节共小题每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A3HaveaparticularandamazingtourwithgreatexposureofMountKilimanjaroandgreatviewofthepeak,notleavingbehindthebreath-takingviewofthesunrise.LandRailSafarisenablesanamazingandgreatexperienceto第3页/共24页thetouristswithgreatmemories.·insafarivanwithhatchroof.·Accommodationasperroute·ServicesofourProfessionalGuide/Driver·Allparkentrancefees·Allmeals(B,L&D)·Statutorytaxes(法定税)·1:NAIROBI-AMBOSELIPickupfromthehotelanddrivetoAmboseliNationalPark,arrivingintheeveningtohaveagreatviewofthesunsetontheedgeofAmboseli.Laterhavearelaxingeveninginpreparationforthenextday.HaverefreshmentwithdinnerandovernightattheNyatiSafariCamp.·2:AMBOSELIFULLThedriverguidewillpickyouafterbreakfastandproceedforearlymorningviewinginthisparkwhichcontainsswamp(沼泽地)inwhichelephantsandhipposbatheinabundance.willbeabletoseeavarietyofantelopesandbirdstooandthehighestmountaininAfrica.Breakforyourpicniclunchandgoforgameviewingtotracktheanimalslaterintheafternoon.Drivebacktothecampsitefordinnerandovernightstay.·3:AMBOSELI—NAIROBIHaveanearlymorningriseandcheckoutofthecampgoingonamemorablelastsightseeingmorningdriveandbeingabletoseethebeautifulviewofthesunriseandanamazingviewofthepeakofMountKilimanjaro.LaterstartyourjourneybackandbedroppedatEmalitocontinueyourtourtoMombasaorproceedtoNairobiandbedroppedattheairporttocatchyourflightintimeandclosetheamazingjourneyofalifetime.1.Whichserviceiscoveredbythepackagetour?A.onaregularcoach.B.Professionalguideservices.C.Sugarysnacks.D.withmeals.2.WhichonecantouristsexperienceduringDay2?AHotairballoonsafariatsunset.B.CampfiregatheringontheedgeofAmboseli.第4页/共24页C.Optionalculturalvillagevisits.D.Theobservationofanimalsintheswamp.3.Whereisthetexttakenfrom?A.Anovel.B.Areport.C.Abrochure.D.Ablog.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了3日肯尼亚平价游猎之旅，包括概述、套餐包含内容和详细日程。【1题详解】TOURINCLUDES部分中“ServicesofourProfessionalGuide/Driver(我们的专业向导/司机服务)”可知，旅行套餐包括专业的向导服务，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据2:AMBOSELIFULL部分中“Thedriverguidewillpickyouafterbreakfastandproceedforearlymorningviewinginthisparkwhichcontainsswamp(沼泽地)inwhichelephantsandhipposbatheinabundance.(早餐后，司机导游会接您出发，前往这个公园进行清晨的观赏活动，该公园内有沼泽地，大象和河马会在其中频繁地成群嬉戏)”可知，第二天游客可以观赏在沼泽中嬉戏的动物，故选D。【3题详解】3BUDGETAMBOSELI(3日肯尼亚平价游猎之旅——阿博塞利)”可知，文章主要介绍了3日肯尼亚平价游猎之旅，包括概述、套餐包含内容和详细日程，目的是宣传和吸引游客预订，符合旅游小册子（brochure）的特征，故选C。BBorninEnglandin1890,AgathaChristiebecame,andremains,thebestsellingnovelistofalltime.Sheisbestknownforher66detectivenovelsand14shortstorycollections,aswellastheworld’slongest-runningplay—TheMousetrap.HerbookshavesoldoverabillioncopiesintheEnglishlanguageandabillionintranslation.WhatmadeAgatha’supbringingunusualwasthatshewashome-schooledinthoseearlyyears.Agatha’sfather,FrederickMillerwasawealthyAmericanmanandhermotherClarawasanexcellentstoryteller.Hermother’simaginativestoriesandherloveforbooksinspiredhercreativity.At18,Agathabeganwritingshortstories.DuringI,sheworkedasanurseandlaterinahospitaldispensary(药房),whereshelearnedaboutpoisons—knowledgeshelaterusedinhernovels.In1912,shemet第5页/共24页ArchieChristie,marryinghimin1914.Duringthewar,shecreatedherfamousdetective,HerculePoirot,aBelgianrefugee(难民),forherfirstnovel,TheMysteriousAffairatStyles(1920).The1920sbroughtsuccessandIn1926,hermotherdied,andhermarriagecollapsed(破裂).Agathadisappearedfordays,sparkinganationalsearch.Shewasfoundinahotel,possiblysufferingfromamnesia(健忘症).AfterdivorcingArchie,shefocusedonwriting,introducingMissMarplein1927.In1930AgathamarriedarchaeologistMaxMallowan.withhimtotheMiddleEastinspirednovelslikeMurderinMesopotamiaandDeathontheNile.BothofthesestoriestookplaceintheMiddleEast.Shebalancedwritingandarchaeology(考古学),producingtwotothreebooksyearly.In1938,sheboughtGreenway,herbelovedDevonhome.AgathaChristie’slife—filledwithadventure,heartbreak,andcreativity—shapedherintotheworld’smostfamousmysterywriter.4.WhatinspiredAgatha’screativityasachild?A.Herfather’swealth.B.Hermother’sstorytelling.C.Herschool’sbooks.D.Herparents’encouragement.5.WhydidAgatha’swartimeworkhelpherwriting?A.Shemetfamousdetectives.B.Shelearnedaboutpoisons.C.ShetravelledtoBelgium.D.Shestudiedmedicinedeeply.6.HowdidAgatha’sMiddleEasttravelsinfluenceherbooks?A.Shewrotetextbooksaboutarchaeology.B.Shecolouredherbookswithjoy.C.ShesetstoriesintheMiddleEast.D.SheaddedplotsaboutGreenway.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeAgatha?A.Determinedandcreative.B.Positiveandhumorous.C.Adventurousandhonest.D.Hardworkingandcritical.【答案】4.B5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。阿加莎・克里斯蒂是史上最畅销的悬疑小说作家。她自幼受母亲影响，一战期间习得毒药知识，创作出经典侦探形象。虽历经生活坎坷，但其旅行经历与创作才华成就了她传奇的写作生涯。【4题详解】第6页/共24页细节理解题。根据第二段“Hermother’simaginativestoriesandherloveforbooksinspiredhercreativity.(她母亲富有想象力的故事以及她对书籍的热爱激发了她的创造力)”可知，母亲的讲故事方式激发了阿加莎童年时期的创作灵感。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“At18,Agathabeganwritingshortstories.DuringI,sheworkedasanurseandlaterinahospitaldispensary(药房),whereshelearnedaboutpoisons—knowledgeshelaterusedinhernovels.(18岁时，阿加莎开始创作短篇小说。在第一次世界大战期间，她担任护士，后来又在医院药房工作，期间她了解了毒药的相关知识——这些知识后来被她运用到了自己的小说创作中)”可知，阿加莎在战争时期的工作让她了解了毒药的相关知识。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“withhimtotheMiddleEastinspirednovelslikeMurderinMesopotamiaandDeathontheNile.BothofthesestoriestookplaceintheMiddleEast.(与他一同前往中东的这段经历激发了诸如《美索不达米亚谋杀案》和《尼罗河上的惨案》等小说的创作。这两部作品均发生在中东地区)”可知，阿加莎的中东之行让她将故事背景设定在了中东地区。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“The1920sbroughtsuccessandIn1926,hermotherdied,andhermarriagecollapsed(破裂).Agathadisappearedfordays,sparkinganationalsearch.Shewasfoundinahotel,possiblysufferingfromamnesia(健忘症).AfterdivorcingArchie,shefocusedonwriting,introducingMissMarplein1927.(20世纪201926天，引发了全国范围的搜寻行动。她被发现于一家酒店里，可能患有健忘症。在与阿奇离婚后，她专注1927)”以及最后一段“AgathaChristie’slife—filledwithadventure,heartbreak,andcreativity—shapedherintotheworld’smostfamousmysterywriter.(阿加莎·克里斯蒂的一生——充满了冒险、失恋和创造力——使她成为了世界上最著名的悬疑小说作家)”可知，阿加莎坚定且富有创造力。故选A。CPastresearchsuggesteddrinkingalcohol(酒)inmoderate(适中的)amountscouldbegoodfortheheart.Butagrowingnumberofpublichealthexpertsnowadvisepeopletolimitalcoholintakeasmuchaspossibletoimprovehealth.Earlierin2025,USSurgeonGeneralDr.Murthycalledforchanginghisagency’sexistinghealthwarningonalcoholicdrinkstoincludecancerrisks.Alcoholbreaksdowninthebodyintoasubstancecalled第7页/共24页acetaldehyde.Thischemicalcandamagecellsandstopthemfromrepairingthemselves.TheprocesscancreateconditionsforcancertoEstimatesshowthousandsofUSdeathscouldbepreventedeachyearifpeoplefollowedgovernmentdietaryguidelinesondrinkingalcohol.Theguidelinesadvisementolimitthemselvestotwodrinksorfewerperdayandwomentoonedrinkorfewerperday.Anexampleofonedrinkwouldbeequaltoone12-ouncecanofbeer,a5-ounceglassofwineoroneservingof.Medicalexpertssaytheideathatmoderatedrinkingcancausehealthimprovements,orbenefits,camefromimperfectstudies.Theresearchcomparedgroupsofpeoplebasedonhowmuchtheydrank,withamountsusuallymeasuredatonlyonepointintime.Sincesomeearlierstudiesdidnotfollowrulesaboutwhatgroupsweremeasured,researcherssaytheydidnoteffectivelyprovecauseandPeoplewhoreportdrinkingmoderatelygenerallyhavehigherlevelsofeducation,higherearningsandbetterresourcesforhealthcare.Anotherproblemwasthatmoststudiesdidnotincludeyoungerpeople.Almosthalfofpeoplewhodiefromalcohol-relatedcausesdosobeforetheageof50.Thestudiedgroupsdidnoteffectivelyrepresentalldrinkers.Thislikelycreated“anappearance”ofabenefitformoderatedrinkersthatisnotreal.Healthguidelinesrelatedtoalcoholintakehavewidedifferencesfromcountrytocountry.Buttheoverallmessagetodayisthatdrinkinglessisbetterforhealth.Britain,France,Denmark,HollandandAustraliarecentlyexaminednewevidenceandloweredtheirguidelinesforsafeamountsofalcohol.Irelandplanstobeginrequiringcancerwarningsonalcoholcontainersstartingin2026.8.WhatdoesMurthythinkoftheexistingalcoholwarningsintheUS?A.Theyarereasonable.B.Theyarebaseless.C.Theyneedtobeended.D.Theyneedfurtherimprovement.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“liquor”inParagraph3referto?A.Strongalcoholicdrink.B.Asubstancethatcausescancer.C.Asoftdrinksimilartofruitjuice.D.Afoodcontainingalcohol.10.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Limitationsoforiginalstudiesaboutmoderatedrinking.B.Howalcoholyourhealth.C.Alcoholabuseamongyoungpeople.D.Potentialrisksrelatedtodrinkingalcohol.第8页/共24页Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.encouragepeopletodomorestudies.B.warnpeopletogiveupbadlifestylehabits.C.showmostcountriessuggestdrinkinglessforhealth.D.providereaderswithmoreknowledge.【答案】8.D9.A10.AC【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了酒精健康风险的新研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Earlierin2025,USSurgeonGeneralDr.Murthycalledforchanginghisagency’sexistinghealthwarningonalcoholicdrinkstoincludecancerrisks.(2025年初，美国卫生局局长维韦克·穆尔蒂博士呼吁修改其机构现有的酒类健康警示标识，将癌症风险纳入其中。)”可知，维韦克·穆尔蒂认为美国现有的酒类警示标识需要进一步完善，加入癌症风险的相关提示。故选D。【9题详解】Theguidelinesadvisementolimitthemselvestotwodrinksorfewerperdayandwomentoonedrinkorfewerperday.Anexampleofonedrinkwouldbeequaltoone12-ouncecanofbeer,a5-ounceglassofwineoroneservingofliquor.(该指南建议男性每天饮酒不超过两杯，女性不超过一杯。一杯酒的量相当于一罐125盎司的葡萄酒或一份liquor)（葡萄酒）均为酒类，由此可推知liquor也属于酒精饮品，且结合常识，啤酒、葡萄酒之外的常见酒类为烈性酒。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Medicalexpertssaytheideathatmoderatedrinkingcancausehealthimprovements,orbenefits,camefromimperfectstudies.(医学专家表示，适量饮酒有益健康的观点源于有缺陷的研究。)”以及后文提及这类研究仅在某个时间点测量饮酒量、未遵循分组规则、无法有效证明因果关系，且适量饮酒的人群本身受教育程度和医疗资源更优等内容可知，该段主要讲述了以往关于适量饮酒的研究存在的局限性。故选A。【题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Healthguidelinesrelatedtoalcoholintakehavewidedifferencesfromcountrytocountry.Buttheoverallmessagetodayisthatdrinkinglessisbetterforhealth.Britain,France,Denmark,第9页/共24页HollandandAustraliarecentlyexaminednewevidenceandloweredtheirguidelinesforsafeamountsofalcohol.Irelandplanstobeginrequiringcancerwarningsonalcoholcontainersstartingin2026.(各国关于饮酒量的健康指南差异很大。但如今的整体共识是，少饮酒对健康更有益。英国、法国、丹麦、荷兰和澳大利亚最近依据新证据下调了安全饮酒量标准。爱尔兰计划从2026年开始，要求在酒类容器上标注癌症警示。)”可知，作者写该段的目的是通过列举多个国家的做法，表明如今大多数国家都建议人们为了健康少饮酒。故选C。DclimatechangeincreasingandanElNinoweatherpatterninforthewesternhemisphere,heatisland(热岛效应)hasbecomearealproblemforcitiesunderthesummersun.GAFcreatedaproductcalledStreetBondPavementCoating(路面涂层)thataimstoturnthatheatislandaroundbyreflectingheatbackintospace.TheGAFCoolCommunityprojectisworkingtohelpeaseurbanheatislandbypaintinghotcitysurfacessuchaspavementthatabsorbsheatandcancauseburnsoncontact.GAFStreetBondpavementcoatingsfeatureaninnovativetechnologycalledInvisibleShade—namedbyTIMEmagazineasoneofitsBestInventionsof2022.It’saproductthatcanreducetemperaturesofhotpavedsurfaces.And,ofcourse,itcomesinallshadesandcolourssoyoucancoataplaygroundtomakeitlessdangerouslyhotaseasilyasyoucouldpaintyourcityparkinglotsandstreetstoavoidtheworstofaheatwave.It’spossibletocoatmorethanjusttheroadsurfaces.Rooftopsalsoaccountforalargeportionofheatislandthroughradiationabsorption.Bypaintingcitystreets,roofsandotherlargesurfaceareaswithreflectivecoatings,itispossibletosignificantlyreducetheheatislandandkeepcitizensmuchmorecomfortableinthesummersun.“TheUShasfourmillionmilesofroadsand61billionsquarefeetofroofingoncommercialbuildings(roughlyequivalenttoonemillionfootballfields),trappingheatatincreasinglydangerouslevelsasglobaltemperaturesrise,”GAFreported.Andthisisn’tjustaboutcomfort:heatworldwideisgettingdangerousastemperaturespushintothetriplefiguresbeyondwhatthehumanbodycandealwith:Fromheatstroke(中暑)toexcessiveheatdeathsnownumberinginthemillionsworldwideeveryyeartosocialimpactslikedepressionandsuicide(自杀),excessiveheatisathreattoapeacefulsocietyifitcontinuestorise.Therehaveevenbeenreportsofincreasedcrimesandevenhatespeechisgoingupduringheatwaves.12.WhatistheworkingprincipleofStreetBondPavementCoating?A.Absorbingthesunlight.B.Reflectingheatintospace.C.Increasingtherainwater.D.Smoothingtheroadsurface.第10页/共24页13.WhatcanweknowaboutthereflectivecoatingfromParagraph2?A.It’soutofdate.B.Itbringssomerisks.C.It’sthegreatestinventiontodate.D.It’sverypractical.14.Whatgetsworseinextremeheataccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Airquality.B.Socialstability.C.supply.D.Birthrate.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CoatingStreetsandRoofstoMinimizeHeatIslandB.TheSevereDangersofGlobalClimateChangeCNewSmartInventionsforCoolingHomesD.WhyUrbanRoadsRegularlyNeedCarefullyRepainting【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了GAF推出的一款名为StreetBondPavementCoating的产品，这种涂层涂覆街道和屋顶后，通过将热量反射回太空来缓解热岛效应，文章还探讨了极端高温对社会稳定的威胁。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“GAFcreatedaproductcalledStreetBondPavementCoating(路面涂层)thataimstoturnthatheatislandaroundbyreflectingheatbackintospace.(GAF开发了一种名为StreetBond路面涂层的产品，旨在通过将热量反射回太空来扭转热岛效应。)GAF开发了一种名为StreetBondPavementCoating的路面涂层产品，通过将热量反射回太空来扭转热岛效应，而非吸收阳光。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“GAFStreetBondpavementcoatingsfeatureaninnovativetechnologycalledInvisibleShade—namedbyTIMEmagazineasoneofitsBestInventionsof2022.It’saproductthatcanreducetemperaturesofhotpavedsurfaces.And,ofcourse,itcomesinallshadesandcolourssoyoucancoataplaygroundtomakeitlessdangerouslyhotaseasilyasyoucouldpaintyourcityparkinglotsandstreetstoavoidtheworstofaheatwave.(GAFStreetBond路面涂层采用一项名为隐形遮阳（InvisibleShade）的创新技术——该技术被2022年度最佳发明之一。这款产品能够降低高温铺装路面的温度。当然，它还有各种深浅色调与颜色，因此您可以像给城市停车场和街道涂漆一样轻松地给游乐场涂上这种涂料，使其温度不再第11页/共24页)2022色多样且易施工，因此这种反射涂层非常实用。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fromheatstroke(中暑)toexcessiveheatdeathsnownumberinginthemillionsworldwideeveryyeartosocialimpactslikedepressionandsuicide(自杀),excessiveheatisathreattoapeacefulsocietyifitcontinuestorise.Therehaveevenbeenreportsofincreasedcrimesandevenhatespeechisgoingupduringheatwaves.(续上升，将对和平社会构成威胁。甚至有报道称，在热浪期间，犯罪率上升，甚至仇恨言论也在上升。)”可知，极度高温导致中暑、热死亡人数每年达数百万以及抑郁自杀、犯罪及仇恨言论增加，由此可以推断，极端高温下社会稳定恶化。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“climatechangeincreasingandanElNinoweatherpatterninforthewesternhemisphere,heatisland(热岛效应)hasbecomearealproblemforcitiesunderthesummersun.GAFcreatedaproductcalledStreetBondPavementCoating(路面涂层)thataimstoturnthatheatislandaroundbyreflectingheatbackintospace.(随着气候变化的加剧和厄尔尼诺天气模式在西半球的影响，热岛效应已经成为夏季阳光下城市的一个现实问题。GAF开发了一种名为StreetBond路面涂层的产品，)GAF推出的一款名为StreetBond路面涂层的产品，通过给街道和屋顶加上一道涂层将热量反射回太空，来减少热岛效应，A选项“CoatingStreetsandRoofstoMinimizeHeatIslandEffect(给街道和屋顶涂涂层，减少热岛效应)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A。第二节共5小题每小题分，满分分)Gettingahighgradeinanexamdependspartlyonhowmuchyoucanremember.____16____Butisthereanythingthatwecandoaboutit?Onesolutionmightbewalkingbackwards.Accordingtoanewstudy,walkingbackwardscanimprovethebrainpowerintheshortterm.Inthestudy,volunteerswereaskedtowatchavideoinwhichawomanhadherbagstolen.Thentheyanswered20questionsaboutthedetailsshowninthevideo.____17____Thefirsttwogroupsweretoldtomoveforwardsorbackwards10metreswhilethethirdgroupwasaskedtostaystillonthesamepoint.Theresearchersfoundthatthebackwards-walkinggroupgottwomorecorrectanswersonaveragethantheothertwogroups.Thissuggeststhatarelationshipbetweentheconceptsoftimeandspaceisessentialtotheway第12页/共24页ourmindsformmemories.____18____Italmostalwaysmeansthatourbrainneedstobemoreactiveandalertinthelimitedtime.Naturally,ourshort-termmemorywillbeimprovedsignificantly.Apartfromimprovingourmemory,walkinginreverse(相反地)alsoplaysanimportantroleinphysicalhealth,especiallyfitness.Astudyfoundbackwardwalkingputslessstrainandrequiresasmallerrangeofmovementsfromthekneejoints.____19____Inaddition,walkinginreverse(倒着走),comparedtoforwardwalking,ismorechallenging.Itrequiresyoutousemusclesandmovementsthatyouprobablyrarelyuse,makingitaperfectwaytochangeyourexerciseroutineforgreaterfitnessgains.____20____A.Thus,there’slesspressureandpainintheknees.B.everydayisgoodforyourphysicalhealth.C.So,improvingmemoryiscrucialtosuccessinstudying.D.Don’tvolunteeranything,onlyanswerquestionsasked.E.Whenwewalkbackwards,everythingwelearnbecomesstrangetous.F.minutesafterwatchingthevideo,thevolunteersweredividedintothreegroups.G.Meanwhile,bymakingpeopleputinextraitnaturallyburnsmorefatandcalories.【答案】16.C17.F18.E19.A20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了倒退走对记忆力和身体健康的益处。【16题详解】上文“Gettingahighgradeinanexamdependspartlyonhowmuchyoucanremember.(取决于你能够记住的内容多少)”提到考试中的高分取决于能够记住多少知识，推知记忆力对于学习很重要，C项“所以，提高记忆力对于学习上的成功至关重要”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】上文“Thentheyanswered20questionsaboutthedetailsshowninthevideo.(细节相关的20个问题)”提到研究中需要志愿者需要做的事情，下文“Thefirsttwogroupsweretoldtomoveforwardsorbackwards10metreswhilethethirdgroupwasaskedtostaystillonthesamepoint.(前两组被要求向前或向后行走10)将志愿者分组的内容，F项“观看视频10分钟后，这些志愿者被分成三组”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】前文“Thissuggeststhatarelationshipbetweentheconceptsoftimeandspaceisessentialtothewayourminds第13页/共24页formmemories.(这表明时间与空间的概念之间的关系对于我们的大脑形成记忆的方式至关重要)”指出，倒Italmostalwaysmeansthatourbrainneedstobemoreactiveandalertinthelimitedtime.Naturally,ourshort-termmemorywillbeimprovedsignificantly.(这通常意味)”解释“它（It）意味着大脑更活跃，短期记忆改善”。因此空白处需解释“倒退走如何导致大脑活跃”，且“It”指代空白内容，E项“当我们倒退走时，我们所学到的一切都会变得对我们而言很陌生”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】上文“Astudyfoundbackwardwalkingputslessstrainandrequiresasmallerrangeofmovementsfromthekneejoints.(一项研究发现，倒着行走对膝盖造成的压力较小，且对膝盖关节的活动范围要求也更低)”提到，倒退走减少膝关节的压力和活动范围，空白处需说明这一发现的结果，A项“因此，膝盖承受的压力和疼痛会更小”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】前文“Inaddition,walkinginreverse(倒着走),comparedtoforwardwalking,ismorechallenging.Itrequiresyoutousemusclesandmovementsthatyouprobablyrarelyuse,makingitaperfectwaytochangeyourexerciseroutineforgreaterfitnessgains.(此外，与向前走相比，倒着走更具挑战性。它需要你运用那些平时很少使用的肌肉和动作，是改变锻炼方式以获得更好健身效果的绝佳方式)”强调倒退走“更具挑战性，能锻炼不常用肌肉”，并提到“改变运动方式以获得更大健康收益”。空白处需补充额外健康益处。G项“同时，通过让人们付出额外努力，它自然燃烧更多脂肪和卡路里”与前文“挑战性”和“健身收益”呼应，扩展了健康益处。故选G。第三部分语言运用共两节，满分分)第一节共小题每小题1分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MaryKayAshhasatrulyinspiringsuccessstory.Shewasborninasmalltowninandgotmarriedandstarteda____21____attheyoungageof17.Shewouldgoontohavethreechildrenwithherhusbandwhowasinthemilitary,butthey____22____gotadivorce(离婚).MaryKaywouldstruggleforyearsto____23____herchildrenonherown.Butshetookon____24____salesjobsinthedirectsellingindustry,and____25____togetpromotion.However,aftermanyyearsofsellingvariousproducts,alongwithafewmiddlemanagementandtrainerroles,shestartedtofeellikeshewasbeing____26____forthemoreimportantleadershiprolessheaspired(渴求)tobecauseshewasa(n)____27____.Assuch,sheeventuallydecidedtotakemattersintoherown____28____.第14页/共24页Onceherkidswereoutofthehouseandontheirown,attheageof45MaryKayAshdecidedtobecomeherown____29____.So,shestartedherowncosmeticcompany.Shestartedverysmall,butinjustafewshortyears,shemanagedto____30____MaryKayCosmeticsintoamulti-billiondollarcorporationthatstill____31____peopleallovertheworldtothisday.MaryKayachievedgreatsuccesslaterinlifewhenmostpeoplehad____32____.Andthenshewroteseveralbest-sellingbooks,suchasTheMaryKayWay,MiraclesHappen,andYouCanHaveItAll,____33____millionsofwomenaroundtheworld.Andduetothesuccessofherbusinessandher____34____toinspireasmanypeopleaspossible,shebecameamultimillionaireandwaseventually____35____as“TheGreatestInAmericanHistory”.21.A.jobB.familyC.tripD.life22.A.hardlyB.successfullyC.eventuallyD.gradually23.A.tendtoB.lookforC.waitforD.dependon24.A.commonB.steadyC.routineD.different25.A.refusedB.struggledC.pretendedD.hesitated26.A.praisedB.promotedC.ignoredD.respected27.A.motherB.salespersonC.employerD.woman28.A.handsB.worldC.businessD.future29.A.employeeB.bossC.teacherD.assistant30.A.extendB.transformC.pushD.press31.A.servesB.gathersC.persuadesD.encourages32.A.retiredB.startedC.failedD.disappeared33.A.discouragingB.confusingC.inspiringD.enriching34.A.designB.careerC.aimD.way35.A.forgottenB.appointedC.firedD.named【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.B31.D32.A33.C34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了玫琳凯·艾施早年结婚生子后离婚，独自养家并尝试不同销售工作，因身为女性被忽视晋升，45岁创业创办化妆品公司并获巨大成功，还著书激励女性，获誉美国最伟大女性。【21题详解】第15页/共24页考查名词词义辨析。句意：她出生在得克萨斯州的一个小镇上，17岁时就结婚并组建了家庭。A.job工作；B.family家庭；C.trip旅行；D.life生活。前文提到“gotmarried(结婚)”顺承语境为17岁早早组建家庭，startafamily为固定搭配，意为“组建家庭”。故选B。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她后来与在军队服役的丈夫育有三个孩子，但最终还是离婚了。A.hardly几乎不；B.successfully成功地；C.eventually最终；D.gradually逐渐地。前文说她和军人丈夫生了三个孩子，后文出现“divorceeventually（最终）贴合语境。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：玫琳凯多年来一直努力独自照顾她的孩子。A.tendto照顾；B.lookfor寻找；C.waitfor等待；D.dependon依靠。结合“gotadivorce”和“struggleforyears”可知，离婚后她独自辛苦照料孩子，tendtosb.意为“照料、照顾某人”。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她曾在直销行业从事过不同的销售工作，并且一直难以获得晋升机会。A.common普通的；B.steady稳定的；C.routine日常的；D.differentsellingvariousproducts(销售各类产品)”说明她从事了不同的销售工作，various与different同义呼应。故选D。【25题详解】A.refusedB.struggledC.pretendedD.hesitatedstruggleforyears”体现她的人struggletodosth.B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在从事了多年各类产品销售工作，并担任过一些中层管理和培训岗位之后，她开始觉得，由于自己是女性，所以在那些她渴望担任的更重要的领导职位上，自己总是被忽视。A.praised表扬；B.promoted提拔；C.ignored忽视；D.respected尊重。前文说她做过销售、中层管理和培训师，后文“because”表原因，说明她渴求的重要领导职位被忽视，才萌生自己创业的想法；故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在从事了多年各类产品销售工作，并担任过一些中层管理和培训岗位之后，她开始觉得，由于自己是女性，所以在那些她渴望担任的更重要的领导职位上，自己总是被忽视。A.mother母亲；B.salesperson销售员；C.employer雇主；D.woman女人。根据上文“forthemoreimportantleadershiprolessheaspiredtobecauseshewas”可知，她被忽视的核心原因——因是女性而得不到领导职位，贴合全文女性独立创业的主旨。故选D。第16页/共24页【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她最终决定自己来处理这件事。A.hands手；B.world世界；C.business生意；D.futureforthemoreimportantleadershiprolessheaspiredtakemattersintoone'sownhands为固定搭配，意为“自己动手解决问题、亲自处理”。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的孩子们离家独立生活之后，45岁的玫琳凯·艾施决定自己当老板。A.employeeB.bossC.teacherD.assistantstartedherowncosmeticcompany(创办自己的化妆品公司)”可知，她45岁决定自己当老板。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她起初规模很小，但仅仅几年时间里，她就成功地将玫琳凯化妆品公司发展成为一家价值数十亿美元的大型企业，并且至今仍在激励着世界各地的人们。A.extendB.transform改C.pushD.pressstartedverysmallmulti-billiondollarcorporation现从弱小到强大的转变，o...B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她起初规模很小，但仅仅几年时间里，她就成功地将玫琳凯化妆品公司发展成为一家价值数十亿美元的大型企业，并且至今仍在激励着世界各地的人们。A.serves服务；B.gathers聚集；C.persuades说服；D.encourages鼓励。根据第一句“MaryKayAshhasatrulyinspiringsuccessstory.”以及全文为励志故事，她的公司至今仍激励着全世界的人，贴合“inspiringsuccessstory”