2026《金版教程》高考复习方案英语外研版-Unit 4 Everyday economics

一背记单词/词块◎创业1．inputn.投入(物)2．obstaclen.障碍，阻碍，妨碍3．phasen.阶段，时期4．freshmann.(高中或大学的)一年级学生5．afloatadj.经济上周转得开的；不欠债的6．rationaladj.(想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的7．hirev.(短期的)租用，租借8．abusen.滥用◎生活9．cosmeticsn.化妆品，美容品10．purchasev.购买11．bonusn.奖金；红利12．estaten.庄园13．designerclothes名牌服装14．theftn.偷窃，偷盗15．pursen.(女式)钱包◎其他16．foreheadn.额，前额17．chrwomann.女主席；女会长18．sunrisen.日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓19．bugn.突然的兴趣，迷恋20．equatorn.赤道21．superioradj.质量上乘的，优质的22．calorien.卡(路里)23．exceedv.超过，超出24．toddlern.学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩25．therebyadv.因此，由此二词形变化1．blankadj.木然的→blanklyadv.茫然地2．dizzyadj.头晕目眩的→dizzilyadv.使人眼花地→dizzinessn.头晕3．potentialn.潜力→potentiallyadv.潜在地4．enterprisen.进取心→enterprisingadj.有事业心的；有进取心的→entrepreneurialadj.创业的5．manufacturev.制造→manufacturern.制造商6．distributev.分发→distributionn.分销7．guidev.引导n.指南；导游→guidancen.指导8．consultv.咨询；商量→consultantn.顾问9．conventionn.习俗；公约→conventionaladj.传统的10．discriminatev.歧视→discriminationn.歧视11．mildadj.淡的→mildlyadv.温和地12．subjectn.主题→subjectiveadj.主观的13．interferev.介入→interferencen.干涉14．financen.财政→financialadj.财政的15．accumulatev.积累→accumulationn.积累16．automaticadj.自动的→automaticallyadv.自动地17．sorrown.不幸→sorrowfuladj.悲伤的18．frustratev.使懊恼→frustratedadj.懊恼的→frustrationn.懊丧19．supervisev.监督→supervisionn.监督20．expensen.费用→expensiveadj.昂贵的1．Asyouknow,ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragnwithautomaticmind,youbegintodoitautomatically.(automatic)2．Shelookedblank,__soshestaredblanklyintospace,notknowingwhattowrite.(blank)3．Inthepreviousexample,youwouldnamealimitaroundhowtohandlefrustrationwithclasswork：“wetakeabreakifwe'refrustrated．”(frustrate)4．Theorganizationdistributesourproductsandthedistributioncostsrisetoone­fifthofsales.(distribute)5．Theguidegavemesomeguidanceaboutwheretospendholiday.(guide)6．Ifyouhavedifficultycompletingtheprojectontime,youcanconsultanexperiencedleaderorconsultantabouthowtodoit.(consult)7．Employerscannotdiscriminateongroundsofage.However,thereiswidespreaddiscriminationagnstolderpeopleinthejobmarket.(discriminate)8．Hersorrowfuleyesreflectedthedeepsorrowshefeltafterlosingherlovedone.(sorrow)三熟词生义1.blank[熟义]n.空白，遗忘；空白处adj.空白的[生义]adj.无表情的，茫然的，单调的2.bonus[熟义]n.红利；奖金；津贴[生义]n.额外的好处3．mild[熟义]adj.和善的；随和的；轻微的；不严重的[生义]adj.暖和的，温暖的；不浓烈的，淡的4．afloat[熟义]adj.漂浮的[生义]adj.经济上周转得开的，不欠债的1．Theareaisfamousforitsverymildwinterclimate.这个地区因冬季气候十分温暖而著名。2．Hisexpressionremnedstudiouslyblank.他的表情仍是那种故作茫然状。3．Theywillhavetoborrow￡10millionnextyear,justtostayafloat.明年他们得举债1，000万英镑才能周转开。4．Beingabletowalktoworkisanaddedbonusofthenewjob.能够步行去上班是这份新工作额外的好处。小积累—wordfamiles1.含fore­(前的)前缀的单词面面观①foreheadn.额，前额②forecastvt.&n.预报③foreseevt.预见；预知④forewordn.前言；序言⑤forearmn.前臂⑥foretellv.预告2.攻克“空的”形容词①blank②empty③hollow④vacant⑤vacuous3.“奖金与利润”相关名词小结①bonus津贴；奖金；红利②profit利润③interest利息④award奖；奖金⑤prize奖，奖金⑥earnings利润一词表短语/课文短语1．make__ends__meet使收支仅能相抵2．interfere__with妨碍，阻止3．go__into__debt陷入债务之中，负债4．rent__out出租(房屋、房间、土地等)5．at__the__expense__of以损害……为代价6．struggle__to__do__sth挣扎做某事选用上面的短语填空1．Knowingwhathardworkhismotherdidtomake__ends__meet,__Johnreallydidn'twanthismothertoworry.2．Shewent__into__debtafterbuyingaseriesofluxuryhandbagsshecouldn'tafford.3．Idonotapproveofyourgoingforsportsat__the__expense__ofyourschoolwork.4．Frequentlygoingoutonadatemayresultinfrequentabsencefromclasses,whichwillinterfere__withtheirstudies.二写作词块1．take__a__deep__breath深呼吸2．in__the__hope__of怀着……的希望3．start__out开始，着手进行4．overcome__a__number__of__obstacles克服一些障碍5．seek__guidance__from__expert__consultants寻求专家顾问的指导6．most__of__all最重要的是7．know__one's__own__limits了解某人自己的极限8．cut__down__on减少；削减9．as__is__often__the__case情况常常如此10．in__addition此外11．be__subject__to受制于，遭受12．be__relevant__to与……有关1．(教材P50)他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。(独立主格结构)They__stared__back,__their__blank__faces__giving__no__clue__as__to__what__they__would__say__next.2．(教材P51)直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母时，才意识到这里的潜力。(强调句型)It__was__only__after__graduating__from__university__overseas__and__returning__to__visit__her__parents__that__Zhang__realised__the__potential.3．(教材P51)她并不是唯一一个被创业所吸引的年轻人。(动词不定式短语作后置定语)She__is__not__the__only__young__person__to__have__been__bitten__by__the__start­up__bug.自主检测一、重点单词1．interferev.介入2．potentialn.潜力3．frustratev.使懊恼→frustratedadj.懊恼的→frustrationn.懊恼4．guidev.引导n.指南；导游→guidancen.指导5．accumulatev.积累→accumulationn.积累6．discriminatev.歧视→discriminationn.歧视7．distributev.分发→distributionn.分销8．financen.财政→financialadj.财政的9．enterprisen.进取心→enterprisingadj.有事业心的；有进取心的→entrepreneurialadj.创业的10．mildadj.淡的→mildlyadv.温和地拔高词汇—高分必备1.chunk/tʃʌŋk/n.厚块，大块；相当大的量2．curve/kɜːv/n.曲线；弧线3．vocational/vəʊ'keIʃən(ə)l/adj.职业的；业务知识的4．gorgeous/'ɡɔːdʒəs/adj.美丽动人的；令人愉快的5．deem/diːm/v.认为；相信6.stem/stem/n.(植物、灌木的)茎，干v.阻止，遏制7．accustomed/ə'kʌstəmd/adj.习惯的，适应的8．invade/In'veId/v.武力入侵，侵略二、重点语块I'vebeenstruggling__to(挣扎做某事)make__ends__meet(使收支仅能相抵)lately,asmyexpenseshavesurpassedmyincome.TryingtokeepupwiththelatestdesignerclothesIhadtorent__out(出租)aroomtocovertheexpense,whichunfortunatelyledmetogo__into__debt(负债).However,Irealizethatthislifestyleisinterfering__with(妨碍)myfinancialstabilityandImustadjustit,evenifit'sat__the__expense__of(以损害……为代价)someofmymaterialdesires.三、重点句式1．把所有因素都考虑进去，你的计划似乎更可靠。(独立主格结构)All__factors__taken__into__consideration,__yourplanseemstobemorereliable.2．直到昨天我才被告知他生病住院了。(强调句型)It__was__not__until__yesterday__thatIwastoldthathewasillinhospital.四、写作佳句1．【教材P50】发言时，张悦把手藏在背后，以掩饰双手的颤抖。As__she__spoke,__Zhang__Yue__put__her__hands__behind__her__back__to__hide__that__they__were__shaking.2．【教材P51】不过他们的成功之路仍然漫长而艰难，一路上会遇到许多挑战。The__road__to__their__success__is__however__still__a__long__and__difficult__one,__with__many__challenges__along__the__way.3．【教材P60】尽管如此，共享经济无疑正在与我们的日常生活以及全球经济产生越来越密切的联系。Nonetheless,__what__is__in__no__doubt__is__that__the__sharing__economy__is__increasingly__relevant__to__our__dly__lives__as__well__as__to__the__global__economy.4．【教材P62】非现金支付越来越受欢迎，使用现金的人越来越少。Non­cash__payments__are__becoming__increasingly__popular,__with__fewer__and__fewer__people__using__cash.硬核考点考点1potentialn.(事物的)潜力；可能性adj.潜在的，可能的thepotentialfor(doing)sth(做)某事的可能性/潜在性thepotentialtodosth做某事的潜力realise/achieveone's(full)potential(充分)发挥某人的潜力1.Aclimatechangeresearchersdthesuccessfulexperimentcouldpotentially(potential)benefitmanycountries.2．Peoplewhodonotsmokehavelesspotentialforsufferingfromlungcancerthanthosewhosmoke.3．Historyhasthepotentialto__break(break)downthoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightintoentireworldsthatwouldotherwisebeforeigntous.4．作为一名优秀的老师，她使用不同的方法来鼓励她的学生充分发挥他们的潜力。Asagoodteacher,sheusesdifferentwaystoencourage__her__students__to__realise/achieve__their__full__potential.考点2distributionn.(商品的)分销，经销；分配，分布；分发，分送distributesthto...把某物分配/分发给……distribute(sth)among在……中分配/分发(某物)1.InWesterncountries,duetotheunreasonableindividualincomedistribution(distribute),thegapbetweentherichandthepoorhasbecomeanoutstandingissue.2．Thousandsofsoldiersareworkingtodistributefoodandblanketstotherefugees.3．Inthemovemostofthefurniturewaslefttotheneighborsordistributedamongfriends.4．至于参加考试，如果你根据问题的数量来分配你的时间会很有帮助。Asfortakingtheexam,itwouldbehelpfulif__you__distribute__your__time__according__to__the__number__of__questions.考点3guidancen.指导，引导；导航undertheguidanceofsb＝underone'sguidance在某人的指导下guidesbto/through/around...领某人去/穿过/参观……aguidetogrammar语法指南1.Undertheguidanceoftheirfather,theytookpositiveactionsandstartedalloveragn.2．Heguidedhertothehalltoattendthegreatwedding.3．我期待着在她的专业指导下工作。Iwaslookingforwardtoworkingunder__her__expert__guidance．＝Iwaslookingforwardtoworkingunder__the__expert__guidance__of__her.考点4consultantn.顾问consultsbaboutsth向某人咨询/请教某事consultwithsbabout/onsth与某人商量某事1.I'ma34­year­oldman,married,liveinanicehouse,andhaveasuccessfulcareerasaneducationalconsultant(consult)．2．HeoftengoestomyofficetoconsultmeaboutthemethodoflearningEnglish.3．AfterIconsultedwithmyparents,Imadeupmymindtomajorincomputer.→Having__consulted__with__my__parents,__Imadeupmymindtomajorincomputer.(分词短语作状语)4．如有兴趣，请于周四前将英文申请表寄至校长办公室。如需进一步信息，请咨询我们。(写作佳句)Ifinterested,pleasesendyourapplicationinEnglishtotheofficeoftheprincipalbeforeThursday.Please__consult__us__for__any__further__information．【北师版选择性必修第三册写作佳句】Keepdoingthis,andyoucanbecomeanexpertoraspecialistinsomethingoneday.持之以恒，这样有一天你才会成为某个行业的专家或专业人士。考点5sorrown.[C]令人悲伤的事，不幸[U]悲伤；悲痛toone'ssorrow令某人悲痛的是sharehappinessandsorrow同甘共苦drownone'ssorrows借酒消愁mixjoywithsorrow悲喜交加1.Muchtohissorrow,hisnewhousebesidethelakewasburnttothegroundbyaterriblefire.2．Herson'sreturnmadehermixjoywithsorrow.3．Asamatteroffact,hedaren'tlookuptoseehersorrowful(sorrow)eyes.4．悲伤的泪水顺着脸颊往下流，我紧紧地拥抱着父亲，说道：“我又失败了。”(写作佳句)With__tears__of__sorrow__rolling__down__my__cheeks,__Ihuggedmyfathertightly,saying,“Ifledagn.”5．真正的朋友应该与你同甘共苦。(写作佳句)Truefriendshouldshare__happiness__and__sorrowwithyou.考点6expensen.费用，花费；代价atsb'sexpense由某人付费attheexpenseof...以牺牲/损害……为代价affordtheexpenseof...负担得起……的费用athuge/greatexpense花一大笔费用cutdown/reduceexpenses削减开支sparenoexpense不惜代价，不惜费用expense作“开支，花费”讲时常用复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。1.Onethousanddollarsamonthisnotafortunebutwouldhelpcovermylivingexpenses(expense)．2．Thewholeteamwentoutfordinnerafterwinningthechampionship,allatthecoach'sexpense.3．现在大多数父母都不惜费用地教育他们的孩子。Themajorityofparentsspare__no__expenseineducatingtheirchildrennowadays.4．现在越来越多的人意识到我们不应该以牺牲环境作为代价来发展经济这一事实。(写作佳句)Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplehavecometorealisethefactthat__we__shouldn't__develop__economy__at__the__expense__of__the__environment.考点7gointodebt陷入债务之中，负债indebt负债；欠情outofdebt不欠债，还清债务getintodebt负债，欠债getoutofdebt摆脱债务，不负债payoffone'sdebts还清某人的债务beinone'sdebt＝owesbadebt欠某人的人情债；受某人的恩惠；感激某人1.Wewerepoorbutwenevergotintodebt.2．Ialreadysoldthehousetogetusoutofdebt.3．Theeasiestsolutionwouldbetosellthecarandpayofftheirdebts.4．债台高筑的爸爸绝望地对妈妈说：“现在只有奇迹才能救他。”Being__in__heavy__debt,__DadsdtoMomindesperation,“Onlyamiraclecansavehimnow.”5．那时他对我太好了，我永远都还不清欠他的人情债。HewassogoodtomethatIcanneverrepaythe__debt__I__owed__him．【人教版必修第三册写作佳句】Idon'tthinkaman'smnmissioninlifeistoearnasmuchmoneyaspossible.Mydreamistoliveamoremeaningfullife.我认为一个人一生的主要任务不是尽可能多地挣钱。我的梦想是过上更有意义的生活。强化训练一、单句语法填空1．Thankyousomuchforhavingbeenourconsultant(consult)forsuchalongtime.2．Althoughheonlyjoinedthecompanylastyear,heisseniortomealreadyandhasthepotentialto__be__promoted(promote).3．Hersuccesswasaresultoftheaccumulation(accumulate)ofhardworkanddedicationovermanyyears.4．Theydistributedrecyclingbinstoeveryhouseholdandeducatedthecommunityabouttheimportanceofresponsiblewastemanagement.5．Icouldn'tbemoregratefulifyoucouldtakealittletimeoutofyourbusyscheduletogivemesomeguidance(guide)．6．Therichmanwastrickedoutof40milliondollarsandthenhewasinheavydebt.7．InSouthAfrica,Gandhiwassurprisedtofindthattheproblemofracialdiscrimination(discriminate)wasserious.8．Questionshavebeenarisingconcerningthecompany'sfinancial(finance)recordssincelastyear.9．Tooursorrow,itwasalcoholabusethatruinedhisfitnessandhislife.10．Thebosstreatedhisemployeestoafancydinnerathisownexpense.二、熟词生义1．Thischeesehasasoft,mildflavour.淡的2．Hereceivedafreegiftwithpurchase,whichwasanicebonus.额外的好处3．Hestoodintheroomforawhile,staringatmewithablankexpressiononhisface.木然的4．Withcarefulbudgeting,shewasabletokeepherfinancesafloatdespitetheriseinlivingcosts.周转得开三、构词法词缀含义例词­al表示具有……的；属于……的conventional,__individual,professional,traditional,national,universal,personal,natural写出下列黑体词的含义1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.传统的2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)WalkersaresuretolearnlotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstrs.自然的3．(2024·北京高考)Slowingdowncancontributesignificantlytopersonalgrowth.个人的4．(2023·北京高考)Manyinstructorscontinuetoteachusingtraditionallectures,whichleadtolowersuccessrates.传统的5．Giventhatyouarebusy,I'dbeveryappreciativeifyouoffertogivesomeprofessionaladvice.专业的6．Itisauniversaltruththatchildrenneedloveandattentiontogrowhealthily.普遍的四、补全句子1．这位运动员在奥运会上的成功是以多年的艰苦训练和牺牲为代价的。Theathlete'ssuccessintheOlympicscameat__the__expense__of__years__of__hard__trning__and__sacrifices．2．物价上涨这么快，许多人都觉得入不敷出。Manypeoplefindithardtomake__ends__meetwithpricesgoingupsofast.3．星星明亮地闪烁，我们晚上可以清楚地看到它们。The__stars__shining__brightly,__wecanseethemclearlyatnight.4．我喜欢和她交朋友，因为她关心我，我可以和她分享我的喜怒哀乐。Ilikemakingfriendswithher,becausesheisconcernedwithmeandIcanshare__my__happiness__and__sorrows__with__her．5．没有什么能阻止我们实现目标。Thereisnothingthat__can__stop__us__(from)__achieving__our__goals．6．就在那时，我下定决心要回中国。It__was__then__that__I__made__up__my__mindtogobacktoChina.五、长难句分析(2024·北京高考)Whenweslowdown,wecreatespacetoreflectonourthoughtsandemotions,whichhelpsusidentifyimportantareasofourlivesandgivesustheopportunitytomakerightchoices.句意：当我们慢下来的时候，我们创造了空间来反思我们的思想和情感，这有助于我们识别生活中的重要领域，并给我们机会做出正确的选择。分析：句子主干是we__create__space。句中When引导时间状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个主句，其中tomakerightchoices是动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰限定opportunity。读写用—素养提升一、深化阅读——明晰考向以阅读养阅读(2022·全国甲卷)AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鹅)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick－startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotake__the__plunge．AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast－minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmnland.“IjustdecidedIwantedtogo，”shesays.“IhadnoideaaboutwhatI'dfindthereandIwasn'tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe'dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas，”Ginnisays.“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。71岁的GinniBazlinton(金尼·贝兹灵顿)从小热爱旅行，渴望探险。她退休并在孩子们独立后开始周游世界，在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。28．Whichofthefollowingbestexplns“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Trychallengingthings.B．Takeadegree.C．Bringbacklostmemories.D．Sticktoapromise.答案：A解析：词义猜测题。画线部分前文“Throughouthercareer...longedtoexplorefurther.”提到在她的职业舞蹈演员生涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索。画线部分所在句表示“当她退休并且她的儿子们最终独立生活后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情”。由此可推知，画线部分taketheplunge表示“尝试有挑战性的事情”。故选A。29．WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A．Lovelypenguins. B．Beautifulscenery.C．Adiscountfare. D．Afriend'sinvitation.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AnditwasinChile...islandsoffTierradelFuego(正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票)”可知，是一张折扣票让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。30．WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A．Itcouldbeahomeforher.B．Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.C．Itshouldbewellpreserved.D．Itneedstobefullyintroduced.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据四个选项A项(这可能是她的一个家。)，B项(它应该很容易到达。)，C项(它应该得到很好的保护)，D项(它需要被充分介绍。)并结合当今保护南极洲的自然环境这一时代性的号召可知，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。31．Whatisthetextmnlyabout?A．Achildhooddream.B．Anunforgettableexperience.C．Slingaroundtheworld.D．MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.答案：B解析：主旨大意题。文章着重介绍了Ginni难忘的南极洲奇遇。A项(一个童年梦想。)与全文主题不符；C项(环游世界。)范畴超过了本文内容；D项(遇见南极洲的动物。)以偏概全。故选B。正向引领秒杀答案语篇阅读类文章的选材不但体现了广泛性，还涉及时代性、真实性和思想性等方面，体现了思想上的引导和教育。做题时需尽量准确把握命题人的选材意图和文章的写作意图；要具备高度思维，一些积极的、正能量的、与观点呼应的选项往往读完题干和选项就能锁定答案。二、读后续写——必备微技能高品素材扩句1．加形容词可以是一个形容词，也可以是并列形容词或者形容词短语。(1)Theinnocentgirlunwrappedherdelicategiftbox.这个天真的女孩打开了她精致的礼品盒。(2)Curiousandexcited,thegirlunwrappedhergiftbox.这个女孩好奇而兴奋，打开了她的礼品盒。(3)Fullofjoy,thegirlunwrappedhergiftbox.女孩满心喜悦，打开了她的礼品盒。2．加介词短语(1)Withoutanyhesitation,thegirlunwrappedhergiftbox.那女孩毫不犹豫地打开了她的礼品盒。(2)Insurprise,thegirlunwrappedhergiftbox.女孩惊讶地打开了她的礼品盒。3．加非谓语动词(1)Screamingwithexcitement,thegirlunwrappedhergiftbox.＝Thegirl,screamingwithexcitement,unwrappedhergiftbox.(放在句中，有两个逗号)＝Thegirlunwrappedhergiftbox,screamingwithexcitement.(放在句尾)女孩兴奋地尖叫着，打开了她的礼品盒。(2)Heldbyhermom,thegirlunwrappedhergiftbox.女孩被她妈妈抱着，打开了她的礼品盒。4．加with复合结构或独立主格(1)Withhermouthwideopen,thegirlunwrappedhergiftbox.女孩张大了嘴巴，打开了她的礼品盒。(2)Withherheartbeatingwildly,thegirlunwrappedhergiftbox.女孩怀着狂跳的心，打开了她的礼品盒。(3)Thegirlunwrappedherdelicategiftbox,herfingerstremblinginanticipation.女孩打开了她精致的礼品盒，她的手指因期待而微微颤抖。5．加定语从句(1)Thegirlunwrappedhergiftboxwhichshehadbeenlookingforwardto.女孩打开了她一直期待的礼品盒。(2)Thegirlunwrappedhergiftboxwhichwastiedwithredribbon.女孩打开了她用红丝带系好的礼品盒。高效课时作业Ⅰ.阅读A(2025·湖南省邵阳市邵东市第一中学高三第二次月考)InvestmentCompetitionAbouttheCompetitionTheWhartonGlobalHighSchoolInvestmentCompetitionisafree,onlineinvestmentsimulation(模拟)forhighschoolstudents(9thto12thgrade)andteachers.Studentsworkinteamsoffourtoseven,guidedbyateacherastheiradvisor(顾问).Together,theylearnaboutteamwork,communication,risk,companiesandindustryanalysisandmanyotherimportantaspectsofinvesting.Teamsexamineabriefcasestudyfeaturingapotentialclientandaretaskedwithworkingcloselytomeetthatclient'slongterminvestmentgoals.EquippedwithanapprovedstocklistandtheWhartonInvestmentSimulator(WInS),whichallowsthemtosimulate(模拟)stocktrading,studentsdevelopaninvestmentstrategy,analyzesectorsandcompanies,andbuildaportfolio(投资组合)using$100，000invirtualcashprovidedbyWInSoverthecourseof10weeks.Winnersareselectedonthestrengthoftheirteamstrategies,notonthegrowthoftheirportfolios.ResultsFinalreportsarereviewedbyateamofjudges,whoselect50semi­finalistteams.Thoseteamsareinvitedtopresenttheirstrategiestoapanelofexpertjudgesatthevirtualsemifinals.Thetop10teamsfromthesemifinalsmoveontothefinalofthecompetition,theGlobalFinale,atWhartoninPhiladelphia.PleaseRememberOnceadvisorsregisterforthecompetition,theywillreceiveaconfirmationemlwithinstructionstosetuptheirstudentteamaccountsonWInS,ourtradingplatform.StudentteamaccountsmustbesetupnolaterthanSeptember20,2025.Inordertocompletetheregistrationform,advisorswillneedto：•Choosetheusernameandpasswordfortheiradvisoraccounts.•Providetheirschool­issuedemladdress,aswellasaback­upemladdresswhereallcompetitioncommunicationswillbesent.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了沃顿商学院全球高中投资竞赛的详细情况。1．What'sthefunctionofWInS?A．Offeringvirtualcash.B．Studyingsomebriefcases.C．Makingpeoplewinbusiness.D．Understandingclients'requirements.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据AbouttheCompetition部分第二段中的“studentsdevelopaninvestment...WInSoverthecourseof10weeks”可知，WInS的功能是给参赛者提供虚拟现金。故选A。2．WhatcanweknowabouttheGlobalFinale?A．Allfinalreportsmustbedeliveredtoit.B．It'sthehighestlevelofthecompetition.C．It'safinalgradedbyclients'opinions.D．Aboutfiftyteamscanparticipateinit.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据Results部分中的“Thetop10teams...atWhartoninPhiladelphia.”可知，theGlobalFinale是这个比赛的最后决赛，也就是最高级别的比赛。故选B。3．Whatshouldadvisorsdoafterregisteringforthecompetition?A．Sendaconfirmationemltojudges.B．Guidestudentstocreatetheirownaccounts.C．Ensureteammembersarefromthesameschool.D．Buildthestudentteamaccountsonthespecificplatform.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据PleaseRemember部分第一段中的“Onceadvisorsregisterfor...ourtradingplatform.”可知，注册参加比赛后，顾问应该在特定平台上建立学生团队账户。故选D。B(2025·四川省遂宁涪江中学高三月考)Ifastrangerofferedyouafreecookie,youmightwelleatit.Butwhatiftheyofferedtoalsogiveyou$2?Youmightpolitelydeclineandwalkawaythinking,“Somethingsmellsfishy.”InastudypublishedinPersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,researchersfoundthatpeopletendtoturndownoffersof“freemoney”，aswellasunusuallycheapservices,becausetheyseem“toogoodtobetrue”．Intheinitialexperiment,nearly40percentofparticipantsateacookieofferedfreely—comparedwithabout20percentofthoseoffered$2aswell.“Peopletypicallyimaginethingslikesomeonedidsomethingdisgustingtothecookie，”saysstudyleadauthorAndrewJ.Vonasch,apsychologicalscientistattheUniversityofCanterburyinNewZealand.Ninefurtherexperimentsusedonlinequestionnrestopresentothercases.Theseincludedbeingofferedmoneytoacceptaridehomeandsurprisinglycheapflights.Ineachcase,pastacertnthreshold(门槛),higherpotentialmonetarygnreducedparticipants'likelihoodofacceptingtheoffer.Vonaschsaysthestudyillustratesthatcontrarytothe“standardeconomicmodel”，whichsupposeshumansalwaysseektomaximizegns,transactions(交易)needtoalsobeunderstoodassocialinteractionsbetweenpeopletryingtounderstandeachother'sminds.Ifsomeoneseemstoviolateacceptednorms,suchasself­interest,withoutanyexplanation,weassumetheyhavehiddenmotivesandinfertherewillbe“phantomcosts”，imaginedconsequencesthatreducewhatVonaschcallsanoffer's“psychologicalvalue”.Factorsbeyondthepresentmomentmaycomeintoplay.“Understandingthatothers'perceivedovergenerositymayputusintheirdebtcouldalsohelpexplnpeople'sreluctance，”saysVonasch.Theresearchersalsoshowedhowtomitigate(减轻)theeffect:simplyprovideareasonforthedeal.The“cheapflights”experimentincludedaconditionwheretheseatswererevealedtobeveryuncomfortable.“Uncomfortableseatsaren'ttypicallyasellingpoint，”Vonaschsays.“Buttellingpeopletheseatswereuncomfortablemadethemmorewillingtotakethembecauseitwassufficientexplanation.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过讲述为什么人们会拒绝看似过于慷慨的优惠或免费赠品来探讨经济学和心理学之间的联系。4．Whymightpeoplerejectanofferof$2alongwithafreecookie?A．Theydislikeamoney­relatedoffer.B．Theydistrustthetruevalueoftheoffer.C．Theythinktheofferisnotgoodenough.D．Theysuspecttheofferonlylastsashorttime.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，研究人员发现，人们倾向于拒绝“意外之财”，以及异常便宜的服务，因为它们看起来“好得令人难以置信”。由此可知，人们会拒绝2美元外加一块免费饼干的提议是因为他们不相信这份提议的真正价值。故选B。5．WhataspectoftheninefurtherexperimentsisintroducedinParagraph4?A．Themoralconcerns.B．Theresearchmethod.C．Theexperiments'duration.D．Theparticipants'background.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段(另外九项实验使用在线问卷来呈现其他情况。其中包括给钱搭车回家，以及便宜得惊人的机票。在每一种情况下，超过一定的门槛，更高的潜在金钱收益降低了参与者接受提议的可能性。)可推知，本段介绍了九个进一步实验的研究方法。故选B。6．Whichpsychologicalfactorbestexplnsthefindingsofthestudy?A．Fearfulof“phantomcosts”．B．Afrdofviolatingsocialnorms.C．Committedtothestandardeconomicmodel.D．Unconcernedaboutanoffer's“psychologicalvalue”．答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段(如果有人似乎违反了公认的规范，比如自私自利，而没有任何解释，我们就会假设他们有隐藏的动机，并推断会有“隐形成本”，即想象的后果会降低沃纳什所说的提议的“心理价值”，当下的因素之外，还可能有其他因素在起作用。沃纳什说：“理解别人的过度慷慨可能会让我们欠他们的债，这也有助于解释人们的不情愿。”)可推知，害怕“隐形成本”这一因素解释了研究的发现。故选A。7．Whydoestheauthormentionthe“cheapflights”experiment?A．Tostresstheunpredictabilityofhumanchoices.B．Toillustratehowhiddenmotivesaffectpeople'schoices.C．Toemphasizetheimportanceofprovidingclearexamples.D．Toshowgivingjustificationscanincreaseacceptanceofoffers.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Uncomfortableseatsaren't...itwassufficientexplanation.’(‘不舒服的座位通常不是卖点，’Vonasch(沃纳什)说。‘但告诉人们座位不舒服会让他们更愿意坐，因为这是一个充分的解释。’)”可推知，作者提到“廉价航班”实验是为了表明给出理由可以增加提议的接受度。故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空(2025·江苏省苏州市工业园区西安交通大学苏州附属中学高三月考)Untilthefinalmomentsoftheirgraduationceremony,1，200graduatesoftheUniversityofMassachusettsDartmouththoughttheirmostmemorableexperiencewouldbejusttheheavyrn.However,astheywereaboutto__1__theirdiplomas(毕业文凭),guestspeakerRobHale,abillionrebusinessman,__2__them.Heannouncedthathewouldgiveeachgraduate$1，000:$500forthemselvesand$500togivetoagood__3__．AliMcKelvey,astudent,recalledthe__4__amongherclassmates.Yet,itwasno__5__.Hale,co­founderandCEOofGraniteTelecommunications,hasahistoryofgenerousactions,__6__$1millionweeklyin2022.Despitehissuccess,hehasn'tforgottentheexperienceof__7__everythingwhenhisfirstcompanywentbankrupt(破产)over20yearsago.Haleandhiswifefindjoyingiving,hopingto__8__thesamespiritinthegraduates.Hebelievesthatexperiencingthejoyofgivingcouldencouragethemto__9__generosityintheirlives,especiallyinthesedifficulttimes.UMassDartmouth,smallerthanitsmncampus,__10__manyfirst­generationandlower­incomestudents.Sincetheyreceivedthe__11__gifts,thegraduateshavepackedup,polishedrésumés,and__12__wheretodonatetheir$500.Halesdhehadyettobedisappointedbyanyoftheresults.Now,Hale'sgifthasbecomea(n)__13__ongraduationday.Hisgenerosityhasencouragedmanygraduatestheseyears,likeMcKelvey,who,__14__byherstudiesonthe__15__ofdisadvantagedwomen,finallydonatedtoawomen'ssheltertoimprovetheirconditions.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在马萨诸塞大学达特茅斯分校的毕业典礼上，一位亿万富翁给毕业生们慷慨捐赠，同时激励他们传递善行的感人故事。1．A.collect B．identifyC．recognize D．award答案：A解析：collect领取；收集；identify认出，识别；recognize认出；award授予。根据上文“Untilthefinalmomentsoftheirgraduationceremony”可知，故事发生在毕业日。再根据主语“they”以及设空后的宾语“theirdiplomas(毕业文凭)”可推知，学生们正要领取毕业证。故选A。2．A.surprised B．employedC．satisfied D．prsed答案：A解析：surprise使惊讶；employ雇用；satisfy使满意；prse赞扬。根据上文“Untilthefinalmo