湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州恩施高中教学联盟2025-2026学年春季学期高一年级开学考试英语试卷（含解析无听力音频有听力原文）

AClimateisgreatlydifferentacrossthegloregions.Herearefourmaintypes：TemperateClimTemperateclimateslieintemperatelatitudes(纬度)(40°—45°northeequatortopolarcircles).Northernhemisphere(半球)temperatezonesaremoland,while98%ofthesouthernhemisphere’sisocean.Theyhavefourcle(winter,spring,autumn,summer)andfrequentweatherchangesbecauseofsAveragetemperaturesarebelow0℃inthecoldestmontwarmest.Snowcoversthegroundinwinter,withrainfAnequatorialclimateismarkedbyhotandwetair.Airtemperatur(稳定的)(+24℃—+28℃)andrainfallisrichthroughouttheyearmm).Rainfallsfasterthanevaporation(蒸发),leavingsoilfsupportingdenserainforests.ItisfoundinnorthernSouthAmerica,theGulfofGuineacoast,theCongoRiverbasin,partsofIndonesia,andnearoceanAtropicalclimateisruledbyhigh-pressureanticyclones,aweathersystembuaroundhighairpressure,bringingclearweathermostoftheyear.Ithastwoseasons:warmandcold.Temperatureschangefrom+20℃largedailyvariations—reaching+40℃—+45℃insummerafternoondroppingto+10℃—+15℃atnight.Deserts,deciduoanddryseason,arecommon.RegionsinclCentralAustralia,andtheArabianPeninsula.PolaApolarclimateisfoundnorthof70°latitude(Arctic)andsouthof65(Antarctic).Polarairmassesdominateyear-round,withpolarnights(monsunlight)andpolardays(monthswithnon-settikeepingairverycold—summeraveragesbelow0℃and-40℃.Highairpressurebringsweakwi22．WhatisakeydiffA．TropicalclimateshavemorB．TropicalclimatessupportrainforestswBMyfamilywoulddescribemeasanythingbutariskfasterthanyou!”myyoungersonlikestojokewithme.SowhenIannouncedchildren,myhusband,andevenmymomwereabitAgymnearmyhousewasofferingtwo-hourclassesincludingboxwrestlingandjudo(柔道).Isignedupforitandfowhetheryogawouldhavebeenawiserchoice.Themorningoftheclass,Ipulleduptothegym,grabbedmywaterbottlealongwithabitofcourageIbroughtwithme,andwalkedinside.Welearnedhowtokickandkneeshowtostrikeusingthepalmsofourhands.Afterthecoachshowedvariousescapeskills,Ifoundmyselfquestioningmypresenceinsuchasetting.Howesecond,IremindedmyselfthatIhadsetoutthisjourneytoexplorethefurthestpartofmyabilitiesandtochallengetheboundaryofwhatIbelievedIwasabletoachieve.BeforeIenteredthegym,IneverimaginedIwouldcouragetothrowablowthatcoulddiscouragesomeonetwicemysyearslater,Istillattendclasses.Astheoldestfemaleintheclasskeepup,tryharderand,moreimportantly,notquBetweenincreasingmystrengthandfeelingconfidentaboutprotectingmyself(althoughIhopeIneverhavetotestmyskillsoutsideofthegym),I’mproudoftheriskItookinsigningupforthecourse.Iknowthatdefendingmyselfisnotabstrength,it’sabouAsformydriving,afterleastthespeedlimit.Shedidn’twanttobe24．Howdidtheauthor’sfamilythink25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“b26．WhatcontributestoA．Self-defensetraiD．CalmnessgainedfromtrainCHaveyoueverimaginedtravellingtoaforeigncountrywithouthavingtoabouttheheadacheofcommunicatinginadifferentlanguage?InarecentWallStreetJournalarticle,technologyarguedthat,withintenyearsorso,wewouldbeabletocomanotherthroughsmallearpieceswithbuilt-inmicrophones.Thattechnologicalprogressisextremelyfast.It’sonlyamatteroftime.Jupersonalhelper”likeSiriorAlexaisgettingbetteratunderstandithereisnoreasontothinkthatthefuturewillnotbringa“personalNevertheless,translatingisanaltogetherdifferenttaskcomparedwithfindingthenearestStarbucks,becausemachinesaimforperfectionandrelanguages—humans—arealwaysimperfectandunreasonable.Replacingawwithitsequivalent(对等词)inthetargetlanguageisactuallytheeasypartranslator’sjob.Butthisseemstobeatrickyjobforcomputers.It’ssohardforcomputersbecausetranslationdoesn’t—orshouldnsimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it’saboumeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpressiounderstandalotofinformationallatonce.Thinkaboutalltherelatedinfcanhelpusunderstandwhatsomeoneistryingtosay:tone,bodysituations,andevenyourculture.AlTherefore,weshoulddoubtwhetheramachinecantrulyunderstandolikewedo.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanupseteachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter?Unlebreatheasoulintoacomputer,whenitcomesusinganaturallanguage,amachinewillneverfullytakeourplac28．AccordingtoAlexaRoss,howwB．ByemployingsmallD．Byturningtomachinesinsteadofhumantranslat30．What’stheauthor31．WhichofthefollowingisthebesDFromanairplane,carscrawlingdownthants—unlikecars—somehowmanagetoavoidthestop-and-gotraffic.Rarestudyingtheircooperativestrategiestolearnhowtodon’tjamup.Thefreeflowoftrafficbecomesunstableasthedensity(密度)ofcarsincreasesonahighway.At15vehiclespermileperlane,onedriverapplyinghisbrcauseawaveofcongestion(拥挤).“It’sakindofphasetransition(相变),”likewaterturningfromaliquidtoasolidform,saysKphysicist.Hispreviousresearchhadshownthatantscanmaintaidensities.Sowhat’stheirsecret?Inarecentravelingroupsofthreetotwentythatmoveatnearlyconstantspeedswhilekeepingdistancesbetweenoneanother—andtheydon’tspeeduptopaHumandriversatrushhourrarelyfollowsuchrules.“We’remaximiinterestsofindividuals,whichiswhy,atagivenpoint,youstarttohaveatrafficjam,”saysstudyco-authorNicolaPugno.Butself-drivingcars,iftheyonedaypopular,wouldshareinformationwithnearbycarstomakegooduseoftrafficflow—perhaps,theresearcherssuggest,byprioritizing(优先考虑)constantspeedsorbynotpassingothersontheroad.Antscandonumerousthingsthatself-drivingcan’t,PinterWollmaAntscancreateatrailaswideastinsectsdosometimesjamupwhentrappedintunnels,buttokeepthingsmoving,“they’llfindawaytowalkontheceiling,”shesays.Plus,antsdon’tcrliterallywalkoveroneaToday’sdriverscanlearnleavingroombetweentheircarandtheoneahead,driverscanabsorbawavebrakingindensetrafficconditionsthatwouldotherwisebeamplified(增强)intoatrafficjam.”A．Roadexpansion.D．Ants’AmazingTraffiDoeswhatyoueataffectyourmood?Couldyourfoodhaveefmentalwell-being?___36___SeveralingredientsandmethodsaWeoftenworryaboutproteinintakebutdatashowsweusual___37___Itsupportsgut(肠道)health,feedinggoodbacteriaanoverallwell-being.Researchevensuggeststhatincreasingflowertheriskofdepressionby5%.___38___“Omega-3fattyacids,foundinoandfunctionofcellmembranes(细胞膜)inthebrain,”thenutritionistRhiannonLambertsays.“Theyareinvolvedintheproductionandsignalingofneurotransmitt(神经递质),whicharecriticalformoodregulation.”Yourgutisimpactednotjustbywhatyoueatbutbyhowyoueat.LisaMacfarlane,co-founderofthehealthcompanyTheGutStuff,explains,“___39___Trytakingdeepbreathbeforeyoueat-it’sproventhatdigestionhappensmoreeffectivwheneatinginarelaxedandcalmstate.”ArecentstudybyKing’sCollegeLondonfoundthateatingwiwindow.andthereforefastingforfourteenhourseachday,isasmood,bettersleep,moreenergyandlesshunger.___40___D．BeansareoneofthehighestsourceG．EvidenceshowswhatyoueatcanproOneafternoon,asIwasdivingintolifthoughtfulboynamedJackraisedhishand.“Whydosomanypeoplefeellosasked.________theircuriosity,Idecidedtoshowthemtheropesthroughexperiratherthansimply________.“Followme,”Isaid,leadingthemtowardtheneaWhispersfilledtheair.“Whyarewegoingthere?”Emmatherewildanimals?”Liamaddednervously.“Areweevengoingto________thivoicetrembledfromtheback.Istayed________,walkingcatrailedbehindme,theirmindsracingwith________.Somepaniclions;otherspicturedsnakes.Witheverystep,theirAfterfortyminutes,westoppedattheforest’sedge.“Don’tworry—wewon’tbeentering.Buttellme,whatdidyounoticeonourwayhere?”Thestudentsfellsilent.“Youweresocaughtupin________oftheunknown,”Icontinued,“thatyou________thebirdssinging,thesunlightfilteringleaves,andthe________aroundyou.”Jack’seyeslitupwithrealization.“So...weworrysomucwe________tolivenow?”“Exactly,”Ireplied.“Lifeisa________.Ifweletfeartakeover,we’llmissitswonders.”Thestudentsnodded,theirfacesbrighteniAswewalkedback,theylaughed,finallynoticingtheworldthey’doverloobefore.Thelessonwassimplebutprofound:The________shapesthOnMay16,Beijing’sMunicipalBureauomeeting.It____56____(introduce)severalimportantplanstobetteruseWall’sculturalandtourismresourcesonthatday.attractedvisitorsfromhomeandabroadwithitsuniquehistoryandbeautifviews.Thesenewplansattempt____57____(draw)moretouriststotheTheBureausaiditsmainplansaretoimprovevisitorcenters,transpandservices,makingtrips____58____(easy)andmorecomfortablecityshouldmakegooduse____59____theGreatWall’srichhistoryandrelics(遗迹)alongit.Itwilldevelophigh-qualitythemedpathstomeetpersoneeds—includingculturaltrips,hikingadventures____60____familjourneys.OfficersfromtheBureau,____61____promisedtoprovidespecialsupportforheritageprojects,madeit____62____goaltoprotectandpromotetheGreatWallarea.Thiswillletvisitorsexperiencetraditionalcrafts,firsthand.Themeetingalsoputforwarelicsandencouragedtravelcompaniestocreatemorenewtour____63___suchasdeepculturalexperiencesandseasonAtthemeeting,buildinghigh-qualityhomestays____64____(stressimportantpart.Thesehomestayswilllettourists____65____(true)cultureandtheywillhelpdevelopthenearbyvillages,cprotectingtheGreatWallandimprovinglocalpeople’slives.Theschool’ssportsmeetingwascoming,butme,wouldn’tliketotrywhenfacingthelong-distancerunningevenhelplessnessintheteacher’seyes.Thoughshetriedtoraiseoursenseofhonocouragetochallengeourselves,allofuschosetobesilent.JustastheteacherwasabouttogiveupthandIsignupforthelongrace!”IseemedtohearmyheaHowisthispossible?IhadneverbeeninarunningrfixedmyeyesonmybestfriendTodd,been...”Imurmured.BeforeIcouldfinish,hecameover,shoulder,andsaid:“Don’tbeafraid.I’llhelpyou.”burstintocheers.Atthatmoment,thefearinmyheartwasquicklyrestrongsenseofresponsibility.Inthedaysthatfollowed,Toddbecamemy“coach”.Hecarefulltrainingplanandspentalloursparetimeonthesweatedtogetherandranfasterandfaster.Everytwouldencouragemewithasmile,“Ifyouaretired,justlookatme!”HiswarmsmileandencouragingwordsalwaysmademeregaincSeveralweekslater,Istoodonthestart_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aftertherace,ToddandItogetherwentontothewinners’sta 【原文】W:Hello,mynameisJenniferLopezfromCityTiM:I’mafraidheisnothere,butourmarketingmanager【原文】M:ItwasyourbirthdayonThursday.Didyouhaveaparty?W:Yes,butthattookplacetwodaysafter,becausetherewasnoschool【原文】W:Whatwouldyouliketohave,David?M:JustsomesaladandtwoglassesofM:I’dlovetohaveit.It’sdeliciousbuM:Yeah.I’mdyingforacoolshower【原文】W:It’sthelastdaybeforethetest.Iknowyouarealsobusystudyourassistance.Iit.Themusicyouwrotewasthebest.HaveyouspentthemonW:Notyet.Iwasthinkingofgoingonthetrip.It’susuallywhatIspentmymoneyonaboutyou,Justin?Yougotsecondplace.AnyplansfortM:Yes.IwasplanningtobuyanamreallyinterestediW:Isthatahugewasteoftime?M:No,it’sgreatfun.Icanbecomea【原文】W:HowmuchwillitcosttogettotheGlobeThW:That’salot,isn’tit?What’sM:Thisistherushhour.Haveyouseenthetraffictoday?Yesthetownhall.It’sonlyashortdistM:Whilethetaxiiswaitingintraffic,itisstilIspent$120fillingthecM:ItmightbequickerforyoutowalktothetheaW:Well,I’vegotthislargebagwithme.That’sM:OK,don’tforgetyourbagwhen【原文】W:Hello,thisisSusan.CanIspeakwithFW:Frank,I’mcallingfromhome.IjustreceivethecallfromroyalcompanylimtoknowifthebrochureswillbesenttothemonFriday.M:Well,theprintinghasbeendelayedbecausetheprintingfactoryhadapowerfailuretheoW:Frank,wearehavingatightschedulehere.WcutomeronFriday.Nodelay,please.Givethemacallrightaway.Askttheirbestandsolvetheprob【原文】M:Hello,Mrs.Miller,doyouhaveaminutetotalk?W:Certainly,John.Comeintomyoffice.IsitaboW:Oh,doyouwanttojointheclub?W:Great.IthinkitwillbeareallyfunthingtodoattripsintothecountrysideorwecouldorganizebikeraM:Yes.ButIwantedtoaskifpeoplewhodon’tgotothisschoolcanjointheclub.W:Oh,ImustadmitIhadn’tthoughtaboutthat.DoyoM:Well,mybestfriendMichaelWhite.Haveyouheardofhim?W:Icertainlyhave.ThechampioncyclM:Yeah,couldhejointheclub?W:Idon’tseewhynot.IthinklotsofpeoplewanttojoinifMichaelbecomesamember.Canyoubringhimtoourfirstmee【原文】M:WelcometoGardeners’Questions.We’rebroadcastingliveontheInternet.Butifyouhaven’tgottimetowatchthewholethingrightnow,clickontherecordinOkay,well.HerewithusinthestudiotodayiswildlAlexTaylor.Alexspentfourweeksonasciencetripinsouthrainforest.Ibetthatwashot.NotonlydoheandhisteamdiscovernewandexcAlexhadallsortsofadventureswhilehewasthere.Hewasattackedbseparatedfromhisteamforalmostthreenights.Howscarythatitisbigtimeadventures.It’saboutthethingyouandIlove.Gardening.someofhisbesttipstogetthemostoutoftheplantsthatwedon’tnormallyseeinthiscountry.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,he’llbetakingcallsandmessagesfromvButfirst,let’smeetourwonderfulguest.WelcometoGardeners’Ques【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍全球四种主要气候类型（温带、赤道、热带、极地）autumn,summer)andfrequentweatherchangesbecauseofstorms.(它们有四个分明的季节（冬、22．细节理解题。根据EquatorialClimate部分中的“Ai+28℃)andrainfallisrichthroughouttheyear(1,500to5,000mm).(气twoseasons:warmandcold.Temperatureschanglargedailyvariations—reaching+40℃—+45℃insummerafternoonsanddroppi—+15℃atnight.(它有两个季节：暖季和冷季。气温从海岸的20℃到内陆的50℃不等，日温差大——夏季午后可达40℃—45℃,夜间降至10℃—15℃)”可知，赤道气候气温稳定，24．推理判断题。根据第一段“Myfamilywoulddescribe“Grandmadrivesfasterthanyou!”myyoungersonlikestojokewithme.(我的家人会把我描述成一个不喜欢冒险的人。“奶奶开车都比你快！”“我小儿子喜欢跟我25．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Afterthecoachshowedquestioningmypresenceinsuchasetting.However,inthenextsecond,Iremindedmysehadsetoutthisjourneytoexplorethefurthestpartofmyabilities(在教练展示了各种逃生技巧后，我发现自己在这样的环境中怀疑自己的存在。然而，在接下来的一秒里，我提醒自己，我已经开始了这段旅程，探索我能力的最远部分)”以及后文“whatIbelievedIwachieve(我相信自己能够实现)”可知，however表示转折，说明教练展示了各种逃生技能后，程是为了探索能力的最远端，根据explorethefurthestpartofmyabilities可知作者初衷是去26．细节理解题。根据第三段“Astheoldestfemaleintheclass,Ipushmyselfharderand,moreimportantly,notquit.(作为班上年龄最大的女性，我督促自己跟上，力，更重要的是，不要放弃。)”可知，作者依靠永不放弃，27．推理判断题。根据第一段“Myfamilywoulddescribe“Grandmadrivesfasterthanyou!”myyoungersonlikestojokewithme.(我的家人会把我描述formydriving,afterarecShedidn’twanttobelateforhertennismatch.(至于我的驾驶，在最近的AlexaRossarguedthat,withintenyearsorso,wewouldbeabletocanotherthroughsmallearpieceswithbuilt-inmicrophones.(在最近《华尔中，科技政策专家AlexaRoss提出，大约十年内，我们将能够通过进行交流。)”可知，AlexaRoss认为未来人们将通过使用内置麦克风的小型耳塞进行交流。29．细节理解题。根据第四段中“It’ssohardforcomputersbeshouldn’t—besimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it’saboutmeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpression,peopleneedlotofinformationallatonce.(对于计算机来说，这确实很困难，因为翻译并非仅仅是翻译单30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore,weshunderstandourworldlikewedo.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanupseteachotherwithorealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobett31．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Haveyoucountrywithouthavingtoworryabouttheheadacheofcommunicatinginadifferentlanguage?(你可曾幻想过，能够前往一个外国国家旅行，而无需为用不同语言交后一段中“Therefore,weshoulddoubtwhetheramachinecantrulyunderstandoudo.(因此，我们应当质疑机器是否真能像我们一【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过研究蚂蚁在高密度情况下仍能保持ofthreetotwentythatmoveatnearlyconstantspeedswhilekeepingdistancesbetweenoneanother—andtheydon’tspeeduptopassothers.(在最近的一项研究中，33．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Butself-drivingcars,iftheyonedaybecshareinformationwithnearbycarstomakegooduseoftrafficflow—perhaps,theresearchers果自动驾驶汽车有朝一日普及开来，它们会与附近的汽车共享信息，以充分利用交通流量车与车之间的数据共享网络借鉴蚂蚁的交通onhighways.Theinsectsdosometimesjamupwhentrappedintunnels,buttokeepthingsmoving,‘they’llfindawaytowalko进路线。她说，这些昆虫有时在被困隧道时也会出现拥堵，但为了保持通法爬到隧道顶部行走’。此外，蚂蚁不会发生碰撞，它们真的可以从彼此身知，蚂蚁与自动驾驶汽车的不同之处在于其灵活的通行35．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Researchersarestudyinghowtoprogramself-dr述的观点“Today’sdriverscanlearnatleastonethingfromanbetweentheircarandtheoneahead,driverscanabsorbawaveofbrakconditionsthatwouldotherwisebeamplifiedintoatrafficjam.’(Nishinari指出，如今的司机至少能从蚂蚁身上学到一点：‘在车与前方车辆之间留出空间，司机便车波，否则这种波动会加剧为交通拥堵。’)”可知，全文核心是探讨则如何为无人驾驶汽车的发展提供指导和启示。D项“Ants’AmazingTrafficRules:AGuide36．上文“Doeswhatyoueataffectyourmowell-being?(你吃的东西会影响你的心情吗？你的食物会对你的心理健康产生影响吗？出了两个问题，询问饮食是否影响情绪以及食物是否对精神健康有影响。G选showswhatyoueatcan37．上文“Weoftenworry纤维的摄入量，同时引出下文“Itsupportsguthealth,feedinggoodbacteriaandcontrimembranesinthebrain,(在油性鱼类中发现的Omega-3脂肪酸在大大脑细胞膜结构和功能的作用，回答了B选项“Needanotherreasontoeatmo要另一个理由吃更多的油性鱼吗?)”中题出的问题，给出了吃油性鱼的理由，上下文39．下文“Trytakingdeepbreathbeforeyoueat-ieffectivelywheneatinginarelaxedandcalmstate.(和平静的状态下吃饭，消化会更有效。)”建议吃饭前尝试深呼吸。F选项“Wesuggestputtiyourbodyin‘restanddigest’modeinsteadofeatingonthego.(我们建议让你的身体进入‘休息和消化’模式，而不是匆匆忙忙吃东西。)”与下文内容相呼应，提出了一个建议，即吃饭时应该让身体处于休息和消化的状态，而不是匆忙进食，句中“‘restanddigest’mode”与下文“eatinginarelaxedandcalmstate”相照应。故选F项。40．上文“ArecentstudybyKing’sCollegeLondonandthereforefastingforfourteenhourseachday,isassociatedw究发现，在十个小时内进食，每天禁食十四个小时更好。E选项“而不是简单地解释。A.Ignoring忽视；B.Sensi庆祝。根据上文““Whydosomanypeoplefeellost?”heasked.”及下文“toshowthemthero根据上文““Whydosomanypeoplefshowthemtheropesthroughexperience”可知，作者没有直接给答案，而是让学生亲身感受，forest’sedge.”可知，他back.”可知，学生紧张地问能否活下来。故沉默的；C.shocked震惊的；D.amused好笑的。根据下文“walkingcalmlyaguesses猜测；C.decisions决定；D.jokes玩笑。根据上文““Whyarewegoingthere?”Emtheirmindsracingwith6.Somepanickesnakes.”可知，学生们不停地猜测着各种危险，因此越靠近森林C.Turningto转向；D.Waitingfor等待。根据上文““Followme,nearby3.”可知，作者走在前面，结合“Afterfortyminutes,edge.”及下文“Ismiled.“Don’tworry—wewon’tbeentering.Buttellme,whatdidy错过了透过树叶的阳光，错过了周围的美景。”A.hope希望。根据上文““Whyarewegoingthere?”Emmamurmured.“Aretherewildanimals?”Liamaddednervously.“Areweevengoingto4this?””可知，学生们对免；D.recorded记录。根据下文“Ifweletfeartakeover,we’llmissitswonde温暖；D.mystery神秘。根据上文“thebirdssinging,thesunlightfilteringthr恨。根据上文““Youweresocaughtupin10you.””可知，学生们因恐惧而错过了身边的很根据语境可知，全文用走路体验比喻人生，用“jou机会；C.effort努力；D.luck运气