陕西省榆林实验中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）

2/2榆林实验中学2022—2023年度第一学期期末考试高二年级英语试题说明：1、本试题满分：120分，考试时间：90分钟。2、所有答案必须写在答题卡上，写在试题和草稿纸上无效。第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共10小题;每小题3分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABestPlacestoVisitintheUKUnitedKingdomhaslongbeenapopularEuropeantouristplaceformanybecauseofitsbeautifulcountryside,historiccities,topmuseumsandoutstandingtheaters.HerearesomeofthebestplacestovisitintheUK.CambridgeCambridgeisabeautifulEnglishcitylocatedontheRiverCamjustnorthofLondon.Asthehometooneoftheworld’stopuniversities,theUniversityofCambridge,ithasalloftheculturalandentertainmentchoicesyoumightexpectfromacollegetown.ChesterLocatedontheRiverDeeinCheshire,England,Chesterismorethan2,000yearsold,whichmeansthereisplentyofhistory,cultureandarchitecturelastingseveralcenturies.TheancientwallsaroundthecityareoneofChester’sbiggesttouristattractions.StonehengeOneofthemostfamoussitesintheworld,StonehengeconsistsofearthworkssurroudingacircularsettingoflargestandingstoneinsouthwestEngland.ItisalsohometosomeofthemostimportantNeolithicandBronzeAgefindsandstructuresintheUK.Itwasnotuntil1600BCthatStonehengecametobecompleted.LakeDistricLocatedinnorthwestEngland,theLakeDistrictisthesecondlargestNationalParkintheUK.Themainattractionsarethelakes,mountainsandhills.ItisEngland’sfamousdestinationforhikingandclimbing.1.WhatwillyoudoinCambridge?A.Dovariousshopping. B.Meetfamouspeople.C.Visitthetopuniversity. D.Enjoywonderfulmusic.2.Whichdestinationwillyouchooseifyouwanttogohiking?A.Cambridge. B.Chester. C.Stonehenge. D.Lakedistrict.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetest?A.tocomparefourtouristattractionsintheUKBtoencouragepeopletohaveaholidayintheUKC.tolistsomeofthebestholidayactivitiesintheUKD.torecommendsometouristattractionsintheUKBBorninNewYorkin1918,scientistGertrudeB.Elionhadanimpressivecareer,duringwhichshedevelopedmedicinestocuremanymajordiseases.ElionspentherearlyyouthinManhattan.Sheattendedseniorhighschoolandhad,inherwords,anunbelievablethirstforknowledge.Influencedbythedeathofhergrandfather,whodiedofcancer,ElionenteredHunterCollegeattheageof15andgraduatedinchemistryattheageof19.Shehaddifficultyfindingemploymentaftergraduationbecausemanylaboratoriesrefusedtohirewomenchemists.Shefoundapart-timejobasalabassistantandwentbacktoschoolatNewYorkUniversity.Elionworkedasahighschoolteacherforafewyearsafterfinishingworkonhermaster’sdegree.ThestartofWorldWarIIcreatedmoreopportunitiesforwomen.Attheageof26,ElionwasabletogetajobatBurroughsWelcome,whereshebegana40-yearpartnershipwithDr.GeorgeH.Hitchings.HerthirstforknowledgeimpressedDr.Hitchings,andhepermittedhertotakeonmoreresponsibility.ElionandHitchingssetoutonacourseofcreatingmedicinesbystudyingthechemicalcompositionofdiseasedcells.Ratherthanrelyingonoldtrial-and-errormethods,theyusedthedifferencesinbiochemistrybetweennormalhumancellsandpathogens(病原体)todesignmedicines.Inall,Elionobtained45patentsonmedicineandwasawarded23honorarydegrees.In1988,ElionreceivedtheNobelPrizeforMedicine,togetherwithGeorgeH.HlitchingsandSirJamesBlack.Shereceivedotherawardsforherwork,includingtheNationalMedalofSciencein1991,andthatsameyear,shebecamethefirstwomantobeabsorbedintotheNationalInventorsHallofFame.In1997,shewasawardedtheLemelson-MITLifetimeAchievementAward.4.WhatcanwesayaboutElionasahighschoolstudent?A.Shehadasatisfyingpart-timejob.B.Shehadastrongdesireforlearning.C.Shehadagiftforchemistryathighschool.D.Shemadegreatachievementsinchemistry.5.WhydidElionchoosetostudychemistryatcollege?A.Tomeethergrandfather’swish.B.Tofindagoodjobaftergraduation.C.Tocreatemedicinestocurediseases.D.Tobeachemistryteacherinthefuture.6.WhendidElionstartedworkingforBurroughsWelcome?A.In1944. B.In1937. C.In1933. D.In1984.7.WhatdoestheauthormainlytellusaboutElioninthelastparagraph?A.Herlaterlife. B.Hercontributions.C.Herinterestinchemistry. D.Herhonors.CTheEarthisfacingaclimatecrisis,butit’salsogettinggreener.Accordingtoanewresearch,theriseislargelybecauseofChinaandIndia.AstudybyNASA,basedonextensivesatelliteimagery,hasrevealedthatthetwocountrieswiththeworld’sbiggestpopulationsarealsoresponsibleforthelargestincreaseingreenplants.AthirdoftheleafincreaseisattributabletoChinaandIndia,duetotheimplementationofmajortreeplantingprojectsaswellasavastincreaseinagriculture.“ChinaandIndiaaccountforone-thirdofthegreening,butcontainonly9%oftheplanet’slandareacoveredinvegetation—asurprisingfinding,consideringthelargepopulationsinthecountriesneedmuchland,”ChiChen,thestudy’sleadauthorsaidinastatement.Between2000and2017,aNASAsensorgathereddataoftheEarth’ssurfacefromaboardtwosatellites,theTerraandtheAqua.Usingthedata,researchersdiscoveredthatChinaisthesourceofaquarteroftheincreaseingreenleafarea,despitepossessingonly6.6%oftheworld’svegetatedarea.Forestsaccountfor42%ofthatincrease,whilecroplandsmakeupafurther32%.China’sincreaseinforestareaistheresultofforestconservationandexpansionprograms,establishedtocombattheimpactsofclimatechangeandairpollution.RamaNemani,aresearcheratNASA’sAmesResearchCenter,saidinastatement,“WhenthegreeningoftheEarthwasfirstobserved,wethoughtitwasduetoawarmer,wetterclimatefromtheaddedcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,leadingtomoreleafgrowthinnorthernforests,forinstance.Now,withthedata,weseethathumansarealsocontributing,”Nemanisaid.“ThiswillhelpscientistsmakebetterpredictionsaboutthebehaviorofdifferentEarthsystems,whichwillhelpcountriesmakebetterdecisionsabouthowandwhentotakeaction.”8.WhatcanwegetfromthenewresearchbyNASA?A.ChinaandIndiashouldberesponsiblefortheworld’sclimatecrisis.B.ChinaandIndiahavethebiggestpopulationsandthemostgreenplants.C.TheEarthnolongerfacesaclimatecrisisbecauseofChinaandIndia’sefforts.D.ChinaandIndiamakeacontributiontotheEarth’sincreasinggreening.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertointhelastparagraph?A.Theincreasedcroplands.B.Theprotectionoftheforests.C.Theimpactsofclimate.D.ThegreeningoftheEarth.10.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheEarthisFacingaClimateCrisis.B.ChinaandIndiaCausetheClimateChange.C.NASAReleasedaReportonAirPollution.D.ChinaandIndiaareMakingtheEarthGreener.第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisawarwithoutguns,bombs,orsmoke.Anewcoronavirus,adeadlydisease,breaksoutallovertheworld.Whatshouldyoudotokeepyourselffromthisvirus?____11____.Cleanhandswithsoapandwateroralcohol-basedhandrubItisquitenecessarytocleanyourhandswithsoapandwatercompletelyforatleast20secondsbeforeyouhavemealsandafterusingthetoilet,especiallyafteryoureturnhome.____12____,you’dbetterwashyourhandswithalcohol-basedrub.Virusescanspreadfromhumancontactwithanimals,sothisisveryimportant.CovernoseandmouthwhilecoughingandsneezingWhenitcomestohumantohumantransmission(传播)oftheviruses,itoftenhappenswhensomeonecomesintocontactwithaninfectedperson’ssecretions(分泌物),suchasdroplets(飞沫)inacough.____13____,youshouldcoveryourmouthandnosewithatissue.Oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve.Avoidcoveringwithyourhanddirectly.____14____Wearingamaskisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningupthenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin.Ifyouarenotfeelingwellorhavesymptomsoffeveramaskisneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggermstoothers.Takeexerciseregularly____15____.Itcanstrengthenyourheartandensuretheefficientflowofbloodthroughoutthebody.Besides,itcanalsoimproveyourimmunesystem,tosomedegreemakingithelpfultogetawayfromthevirusesandillnesses.Allinall,ifyouhavesymptomsoffeverandrespiratoryinfection,youmustseekimmediatemedicalattention.A.WearmasksB.SeeadoctorC.WhenyoucoughorsneezeD.Ifyouwanttotakeexercise,youshouldgetupearlyE.HerearesomesuggestionsyoucanfollowinyourdailylifeF.IfyouarenotcarefulenoughtocontactwithanimalsordealwithanimalwastesG.Takingexerciseregularlyisoneofthemostimportantwaystostayawayfromthevirus第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Tocelebratetheendofourexams,myfriendsandIwenttoafastfoodrestaurant.We___16___hamburgersandCocaColaatthecounter.Whenour___17___came,Istartedwalkingtowardsanemptytable.Bybadluck,mypursestrap(带子)got___18___onachairandthetray(托盘)thatIwasholdingslipped___19___myhandsandwentflyingintheair.Thetray,anditscontents,___20___onamanwhowasjustaboutto___21___abiteofhissandwich.Istared,greatly___22___,asthedrinkssoaked(浸湿)hiswhiteshirt.ThenI___23___myeyesandpreparedmyselfforhisburstof___24___Instead,hesaid“It’sOK”to_____25____mebeforehedisappearedintothewashroom.Stillshakyandunsure____26____todonext,myfriendsandIwenttoatableandsatthere,tryingourbesttolook____27____Amomentlater,themancameoutofthewashroomand____28____ourtable,myheartalmoststopped____29____Ithoughthewasgoingtoaskformyfather’s____30____andcallhim.Tomysurprisehemerelysmiledatus,handedussomecashandsaid,“____31____yourselfnewhamburgers.”Hethenwalked____32____withoutevenfinishinghisfood.Hecouldhavemadewhatwasalreadyanuncomfortablesituationworse,____33____hechoseadifferentwayandgaveusareasontobelievethatthereisstill____34____inthisworld.Iwillnever____35____hisactions.16.A.ordered B.made C.arranged D.demanded17.A.food B.turn C.bill D.menu18.A.fixed B.caught C.cut D.tied19.A.by B.in C.from D.out20.A.knocked B.fell C.stood D.hung21.A.take B.taste C.swallow D.chew22.A.discouraged B.disappointed C.shocked D.annoyed23.A.rolled B.rubbed C.narrowed D.closed24.A.bitterness B.anxiety C.anger D.sorrow25.A.satisfy B.comfort C.encourage D.praise26.A.how B.who C.what D.which27A.mild B.honest C.calm D.modest28.A.pushed B.approached C.drew D.laid29.A.beating B.breaking C.sinking D.trembling30.A.help B.position C.number D.job31.A.Prepare B.Buy C.Find D.Cook32.A.on B.around C.up D.away33.A.so B.since C.although D.but34.A.kindness B.happiness C.politeness D.brightness35.A.forget B.refuse C.oppose D.ignore第二节语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout___36___(be)lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,___37___someofthemlookedveryanxiousand___38___(disappoint).Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext___39___thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike___40___(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused___41___(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept___42___(ride).Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting.Finally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranuptothedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.Thenthedriverstoodupandasked,“Didanyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Oh,dear!It’s___43___(I).”Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcasethankfully,Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingabout___44___theboyhaddone,andthecrowdofstrangers____45____(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.第三部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)46.假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在