重庆市万州区五校2022-2023学年高二上学期1月期末联考英语试题

2/2重庆市万州区五校2022-2023学年高二上学期1月期末联考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Kidsaredifferent,andsoaretheirinterests,sopickahobbyyourchildwouldlove.Teachinghobbiesforkidsisafun,relaxing,andattractivewaytospendone’stime.Childrenloverecreationalactivitiesandlearningnewthings.Readontoknowtourinterestinghobbiesthathelpinthedevelopmentofkids.AstronomyAstronomyisabranchofsciencethatstudiesspace’sobjects,likestarsandplanets.Childrenasyoungasfouryearscanenjoythepleasureofthisscienceactivityasahobby.Providingthemwithanage-appropriatetelescopeandvisitingchildren-specificastronomyworkshopsaregoodideastomotivatethemtotryitasahobby.NaturewatchingWatchingnatureandwildlifecanbeathrillinglearningexperienceforchildrenacrossages.Awalktoanearbyparkatsunriseandsunset,campinginthejungle,orawildlifereserveareenjoyableactivitiestomotivatethemtoenjoythepleasureofnaturewatchingasahobby.RecyclingwasteRecyclingwasteisaneco-friendlypracticethathelpsrecyclewastematerial,likepaper,

cardboard,plastic,steelcans,etc.intonewthings.Thiscreativeactivitycanbeafun,attractive,andlearninghobbyforchildrenthatalsomakesthemberesponsiblefornature.Youcanencourageyourchildtopursuerecyclingasahobbybypracticingrecyclingathome.RiddlesAriddleisaquestionorstatementthatrequireseffectiveusageofcognitive(认知的)skills，likelogicalreasoning,tohelpfindtheanswer.Basedontheinterest,involveyourchildinawritingriddle,numericalriddle,yearriddle,orriddlesofothertypes.Makingupriddlesasahobbyencouragesbrainstorming,criticalthinkingandlogicalreasoningskills.1．Whichhobbycanchildrenchooseiftheyareinterestedinspace?A．Astronomy. B．Naturewatching.C．Recyclingwaste. D．Riddles.2．Whatdonaturewatchingandrecyclingwastehaveincommon?A．Theyareabranchofscience. B．Theyrequirekidstogocamping.C．Theymotivatekids’logicalmind. D．Theyarerelatedtonature.3．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Science. B．Business. C．Parenting. D．Sports.【答案】1．A2．D3．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。教孩子们的业余爱好是一种有趣、放松和有吸引力的消磨时间的方式。本文主要介绍了几个孩子可能感兴趣的业余爱好。1．细节理解题。根据Astronomy部分“Astronomyisabranchofsciencethatstudiesspace’sobjects,likestarsandplanets.(天文学是研究太空物体，如恒星和行星的科学分支)”可知，如果孩子对太空感兴趣，他们可以选择天文学。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据Naturewatching部分“Watchingnatureandwildlifecanbeathrillinglearningexperienceforchildrenacrossages.(对于不同年龄的孩子来说，观看自然和野生动物可能是一次激动人心的学习体验)”以及Recyclingwaste部分“Thiscreativeactivitycanbeafun,attractive,andlearninghobbyforchildrenthatalsomakesthemberesponsiblefornature.(这种创造性的活动对孩子来说是一种有趣、有吸引力的学习爱好，也让他们对自然负责)”可知，观察自然和回收废物都与自然有关。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据部分“Kidsaredifferent,andsoaretheirinterests,sopickahobbyyourchildwouldlove.(孩子是不同的，他们的兴趣也是不同的，所以选择一个你孩子喜欢的爱好)”可知，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的“亲子关系”部分。故选C。AsachildgrowingupinasuburbantownintheNortheastoftheUnitedStates,thearrivalofspringhadlittlemeaningforme.Sure,wehadaweeklongspringvocationfromschool,butthekeywordtherewasvacation,notspring.Forthekidsinmyneighborhood,thearrivalofspringwasanon-event.Thereweretwoimportantseasons:winter,whenwecouldgoskatingandsleddingorbuildsnowforts,andsummer,whenwecouldfinallymakeproperuseofthebeachabout100metereastofmyfamilyhome.Springandautumnwerejusttechnicaldetails,weeksandweeksofwaitingforthegoodtimes'return.Admittedly,springlaterdevelopeditsownattractionsforme—"Inthespringayoungman'sfancyturnstothoughtsoflove",nsthepoetAlfredLordTennysonnoted—however,itwasnotspringitself,buttheotherstuffbatgotmyattention.Inshort,Ineverthoughtmuchatallaboutspring….andthenIarrivedinChina.IhadbeeninBeijingforaboutthreemonthswhenmyfirstSpringFestivalrolledaround,anditcouldhardlybeignored.Asidefromtherandomburstsoffireworksatanytimedayornight,whatstoodoutmostformewasthatthecapitalseemedtobeempty.Itwasasthoughthecrowdsandstreamsofcarsandtruckscommonlyseeninthecapitalhadallgoneintohiding.MypuzzlementclearedupwhenIreturnedtowork.MycolleaguesexplainedthatChinesetraditionallytravel,ifnecessary,tovisittheirfamiliesduringSpringFestival,andthatmanyBeijingerswerenotnativesofthecapital.IalsogotmyfirstknowledgeofsomethingaboutSpringFestivalthatneverceasestoamazeme.Regardlessofwhentheholidayissettobegin,thereismalmostimmediateandsuddenchangeforthebetterintheweather.Springreallydoesarrive.Ican'tbegintofigureouthowtheancientChinesecouldcreateasystemforthemillenniahatwouldalmostalwaysaccuratelypredictwhentheseasonwouldshiftyearafteryearafteryear.Buttheydid.4．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofspringasachild?A．Eventful. B．Hopeful C．Dull. D．Trilling.5．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．TheauthorneverhadaspringvacationbeforehecametoChina.B．Springtotheauthorisaseasonwhenhecoulddonothing.C．Emptystreetsandrandomburstsoffireworksupsettheauthor.D．SpringFestivaltendstoindicatethecomingofSpring.6．What'theauthor'sattitudetowardsChina'straditionalculture?A．Doubtful. B．Admirable. C．Objective. D．Confused.7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A．Springtime—aseasonofwaiting B．Springtime—aseasonofsensesawakeningC．SpringFestival—atimeofcelebrating D．SpringFestival—atimeofloneliness【答案】4．C5．D6．B7．B【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论述了作者小时候认为春天很无聊，到后来来到中国，看到春节期间中国的传统，对中国的传统文化产生了钦佩之心。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“AsachildgrowingupinasuburbantownintheNortheastoftheUnitedStates,thearrivalofspringhadlittlemeaningforme.(作为一个在美国东北部郊区小镇长大的孩子，春天的到来对我来说没什么意义)”可知，作者小时候认为春天很无聊。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“IalsogotmyfirstknowledgeofsomethingaboutSpringFestivalthatneverceasestoamazeme.Regardlessofwhentheholidayissettobegin,thereismalmostimmediateandsuddenchangeforthebetterintheweather.Springreallydoesarrive.(我也得到了我的第一个关于春节的知识，从未停止让我惊讶。不管假期什么时候开始，天气都会立刻突然变好。春天真的来了)”可知，春节往往预示着春天的到来。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ican'tbegintofigureouthowtheancientChinesecouldcreateasystemforthemillenniahatwouldalmostalwaysaccuratelypredictwhentheseasonwouldshiftyearafteryearafteryear.Buttheydid.(我不知道古代中国人是如何创造出一个可以持续数千年的系统,几乎总能准确预测季节何时会年复一年地变化。但他们做到了)”可推知，作者对中国的传统文化有一颗钦佩之心。故选B。7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“AsachildgrowingupinasuburbantownintheNortheastoftheUnitedStates,thearrivalofspringhadlittlemeaningforme.(作为一个在美国东北部郊区小镇长大的孩子，春天的到来对我来说没什么意义)”以及根据最后一段“Ican'tbegintofigureouthowtheancientChinesecouldcreateasystemforthemillenniahatwouldalmostalwaysaccuratelypredictwhentheseasonwouldshiftyearafteryearafteryear.Buttheydid.(我不知道古代中国人是如何创造出一个可以持续数千年的系统,几乎总能准确预测季节何时会年复一年地变化。但他们做到了)”结合文章主要论述了作者小时候认为春天很无聊，到后来来到中国，看到春节期间中国的传统，对中国的传统文化产生了钦佩之心。可知，B选项“春天——感官觉醒的季节”最符合文章标题。故选B。Recently,researchersatYaledidagroundbreakingstudythatfoundthatparentshadenormouspowertoreducetheirchild’sanxiety,evenifthechilddidn’tdoanythingdifferent.Thestudyinvolved124parentsandtheirchildren,aged7to14,whohadbeendiagnosedwithanxietydisorders.Halfthechildrenreceived12weeklysessionsofcognitive(认知的)behaviourtherapy(治疗).Theotherhalfreceivednotherapyatall，buttheirparentsreceived12weeklysessionstoguidethemonhowtorespondtoanxietyintheirchildren.Parenttherapyfocusedonhelpingparentsreducetheiraccommodationbehaviour,whicharethebehaviourthatmakeanxietymorepossible.Thesebehaviourincludedparentssupportingavoidance,over-comforting,changingtheenvironmenttoavoidanythingthatmightfuelanxiety,accommodatingobsessive-compulsive(强迫症)behaviour(eitherbyjoininginormakingwayforthem).Forexample,ifaparentreceivedloadsoftextmessagesadayfromananxiouschild,thatparentgraduallyreducedthenumberoftextmessagesheorshesentbacktotwoorthree.Parentsofchildrenwhowererefusingoravoidingschoolbecauseofanxiety-drivenstomachachesweretaughttorespondwithsomethinglike,“Iknowyouarefeelingupsetrightnow,andIknowyouwillbeokay,”beforesendingthechildtoschool.Theresultswereremarkable.Childreninbothgroupsshowedthesamereductioninanxiety,regardlessofwhethertheyortheirparentsreceivedsuggestions.Ontopofthis,therelationshipbetweentheparentandchildwasbetterinthegroupwhereonlytheparentsreceivedtherapy.Ifyouhavestoodwithachildduringanxiety,youwouldprobablybewaytooawareofthesenseofhelplessnessthatcanswampthem.Whenanxietylaysaheavyhand,itcanunderstandablybetoughforourchildrentoopenuptodoingsomethingdifferent.Whatthisresearchistellingusisthatwedon’tneedthemto.Evenwithoutinvolvingtheirchildren,parentshaveenormouspowertoreduceanxietyintheirchildrenbychangingthewaytheyrespondtoanxiety.8．Whatarethetwotherapiesintendedfor?A．Oneforchildrenandoneforparents.B．Bothforchildren’scognitivebehaviour.C．Bothforparents’anxietyandbehaviour.D．Bothforchildrenwithanxietyandbaddeeds.9．Whyshouldparentsreducesent-backmessageswhenreceivingsomany?A．Toletexpertsgivesomeadvice.B．Toshowtheirignorancetothem.C．Toreducethechildren’sanxiety.D．Togivechildrentoomuchcomfort.10．Whatdoestheresultoftheresearchshowtous?A．Children’swaystodealwithanxietyarevital.B．Parents’properbehaviorsaremoreimportant.C．Children’scognitivebehaviorsshouldbeguided.D．Childrenareshortofexperienceintreatinganxiety.11．Whatshouldaparentdointreatingchildren’sanxiety?A．Changehimself. B．Giveadvicequickly.C．Takethemtodoctors. D．Getintotheirbehaviors.【答案】8．A9．C10．B11．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母在帮助减少孩子焦虑方面的重要作用。8．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Halfthechildrenreceived12weeklysessionsofcognitivebehaviourtherapy.Theotherhalfreceivednotherapyatall，buttheirparentsreceived12weeklysessionstoguidethemonhowtorespondtoanxietyintheirchildren.(一半的儿童每周接受12次认知行为治疗。另一半人根本没有接受任何治疗，但他们的父母每周接受12次治疗，指导他们如何应对孩子的焦虑)”可知两种治疗分别针对孩子和父母。故选A项。9．细节理解题。根据第三段的前三句“Parenttherapyfocusedonhelpingparentsreducetheiraccommodationbehaviour,whicharethebehaviourthatmakeanxietymorepossible.Thesebehaviourincludedparentssupportingavoidance,over-comforting,changingtheenvironmenttoavoidanythingthatmightfuelanxiety,accommodatingobsessive-compulsivebehaviour(eitherbyjoininginormakingwayforthem).Forexample,ifaparentreceivedloadsoftextmessagesadayfromananxiouschild,thatparentgraduallyreducedthenumberoftextmessagesheorshesentbacktotwoorthree.(父母治疗的重点是帮助父母减少他们的迁就行为，这些行为使焦虑更有可能发生。这些行为包括父母支持回避，过度安慰，改变环境以避免任何可能加剧焦虑的事情，包容强迫症行为(要么加入，要么为他们让路)。例如，如果一位家长每天收到来自一个焦虑的孩子的大量短信，这位家长就会逐渐减少他或她回复的短信数量，减少到2或3条。)”可知，父母减少回复信息的原因是为了要减少父母对孩子的迁就行为，以便于使孩子的焦虑更少（更不太可能）发生。故选C项。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“Ontopofthis,therelationshipbetweentheparentandchildwasbetterinthegroupwhereonlytheparentsreceivedtherapy.(最重要的是，在只有父母接受治疗的小组中，父母和孩子之间的关系更好。)”可知，接受治疗的父母那一组，孩子的情况更好，因此可以推断，父母的恰当行为对于减少孩子焦虑更重要。故选B项。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Evenwithoutinvolvingtheirchildren,parentshaveenormouspowertoreduceanxietyintheirchildrenbychangingthewaytheyrespondtoanxiety.(即使没有孩子的参与，父母也有巨大的能力通过改变他们应对焦虑的方式来减少孩子的焦虑)”可知，父母改变自己是关键。故选A项。Soilcreateslifefromdeath.Theproductionofmorethan95%ofthefoodweeatreliesonsoil.Butthispreciousresourceiseroding(侵蚀)ataglobalaverageof13.5tonsperhectareperyear.Insteadofnourishingcrops,fertiletopsoiliswashedandblownaway,endingupininconvenientplacessuchasditchesandoceans.JoHandelsmanandKaylaCohentrytomakereaderscareaboutsoilinAWorldWithoutSoil.Theirprologue(前言)takestheformofalettertothegovernment.Withtheletter,theyhopetomakesoilmanagementafederalpriority.Thefollowingchapterscoverthebasicscienceofsoilaswellasthecausesandconsequencesofitserosion.Inthelastpartofthebook,theauthorsturntopossiblesolutions—manyofthemsimple,andsomecenturiesold.Theydescribeabouttraditionalsoilmanagementtechniques,includingplantingdiversecropsinrotation(轮种),increasingorganiccontent,ploughingaslittleaspossible,etc.Withthesetechniques,farmersareabletoproducerichagriculturalproductionwhilemaintainingdeepbanksoffertilesoil.Why,then,isfertilesoilbeingallowedtobewashedandblownaway?Theanswer,notsurprisingly,restsinglobalcapitalism.Farmers'profitisthin,forcingfarmerstoplantthehighest-profitcropfromfieldtofieldeveryseason.Toensurefoodsecurity,HandelsmanandCohenurgetheworldtodemandarealtop-downchangeinhowagriculturalproductionismanaged."Theburdenofprotectingsoilcannotbeshiftedtofarmersandenvironmentalactivists,"theynote.Governmentsmustbegintomovetowardsamodelinwhichfarmersarelessindependentbusinesspeoplegrowingandsellingfood,andmoregovernment-supportedlandworkersmanagingbothfoodproductionandsoilprotection.Thisshouldbethecoreofagriculture.Ourlandandsoilaretooprecioustobedestroyedbythemarketpriceofcrops.Wemustinvestdeeplyandthoughtfullyinourfarmerssothattheycaninvestdeeplyandthoughtfullyintheland.Thisisthefutureoffarming.12．Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A．Thegradualprocessoflosingsoil.B．Theworryingsituationofsoilerosion.C．Thealarmingdecreaseoffoodoutput.D．Thegreatsignificanceofsoilprotection.13．WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAWorldWithoutSoil?A．Ittargetsfederalofficialsasitsmainreaders.B．Itputsforwardsomepracticalsolutionstosoilloss.C．Itadvocateschangingtraditionalfarmingtechniques.D．Itblamesgovernmentsfornottakingcareoffarmlands.14．WhatdoHandelsmanandCohensuggestfarmersdo?A．Investinthemostprofitablecrops.B．Growandsellfoodallbythemselves.C．Shouldertheburdenofprotectingsoil.D．Workthelandwithgovernmentsupport.15．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ACalltoSaveSoil B．TipstoReshapeAgricultureC．WaystoEnrichFarmland D．AnAppealtoGuaranteeFoodSupply【答案】12．B13．B14．D15．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提及土壤侵蚀的现状，介绍了JoHandelsman和KaylaCohen所著的作品内容和他们针对土壤流失提出的建议。12．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句“Butthispreciousresourceiseroding(侵蚀)ataglobalaverageof13.5tonsperhectareperyear.(但是每年全球平均每公倾有13.5吨这种宝贵的资源正在被侵蚀。)”和第四句“Insteadofnourishingcrops,fertiletopsoiliswashedandblownaway,endingupininconvenientplacessuchasditchesandoceans.(肥沃的表土并没有滋养作物，而是被冲走和吹走，最终流入沟渠和海洋等不便的地方。)”可知，第一段主要讲述土壤侵蚀的状况严重，令人担忧。故选B项。13．细节理解题。由题干可知，答题区间在第二段。根据文章第二段第五句“Inthelastpartofthebook,theauthorsturntopossiblesolutions—manyofthemsimple,andsomecenturiesold.(在本书的最后一部分，作者提到了可能的解决方法——其中很多方法许多很简单，并且一些方法有几个世纪的历史。)”可知，B项“针对土壤流失，它提出了一些实用的解决方法”正确；C项“它主张改变传统的耕作技术。”是第三段中JoHandelsman和KaylaCohen的观点，所以C项不正确；而D项“它指责政府不照顾农田。”在文章中并未提及，所以D项不正确。故选B项。14．推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Governmentsmustbegintomovetowardsamodelinwhichfarmersarelessindependentbusinesspeoplegrowingandsellingfood,andmoregovernment-supportedlandworkersmanagingbothfoodproductionandsoilprotection.(政府必须开始转向一种模式，在这种模式下，农民不再是种植和销售粮食的独立商人，而是更多由政府支持的土地工人来管理粮食生产和土壤保护。)”可知，农民应在政府的帮助下从事农业生产，所以D项“在政府的支持下耕种土地。”符合题意。故选D项。15．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段第二句“Wemustinvestdeeplyandthoughtfullyinourfarmerssothattheycaninvestdeeplyandthoughtfullyintheland.(我们必须对我们的农民进行深入而周到的投资，以便他们能够对土地进行深入而周到的投资。)”可知，作者发出呼吁，保护土壤，所以A项“拯救土壤的呼吁”符合文意，为最佳标题。故选A项。二、七选五HowImportantIsAloneTimeforMentalHealth?Peopletendtobesocialcreatures,andresearchhasshownthatsocialconnectionsarevitalforbothemotionalandphysicalwell-being.16TheCOVID-19pandemicdemonstratedboththechallengesoflonelinessandalackofalonetime.Havingtimeforyourselfgivesyouthechancetobreakfreefromsocialpressuresandtapintoyourownthoughts,feelings,andexperiences.Whyisitimportanttobealone?Creativity17Researchactuallysuggeststhatbeingalonecanleadtochangesinthebrainthathelpfuelthecreativeprocess.Ina2020studypublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications,researchersfoundthatperceivedsocialisolation(loneliness)ledtoincreasedactivityintheneuralcircuitsrelatedtoimagination.Whenleftwithalackofsocialstimulation,thebrainincreasesitscreativenetworkstohelpfilltheblank.SocialEnergy18However,researchershavefoundthatpeoplewholivealonemayactuallyhaverichersociallivesandmoresocialenergythanpeoplewhodon’t.SociologistEricKlinebergnotesthatoneinsevenU.S.adultslivesalone.Klinebergfoundthatnotonlyweretheseadultsnotlonely,manyactuallyhadrichersociallives.Howtospendtimealone?Pickatime:Figureoutwhenyou’dliketospendsometimealone.Planthattimeintoyourscheduleandmakesurethatotherpeopleknowthattheyshouldn’tinterruptyouduringthattime.19:Workonremovingdistractions,particularlyonesthatinvitesocialcomparisons.Yourfocusshouldbeonyourownthoughtsandinterestsandnotonwhatotherpeoplearedoing.Plansomething:Noteveryoneiscomfortablespendingtimealone,soyoumightfindithelpfultoplanoutwhatyouwanttodo.20There’snocorrectamountofsolotimethatworksforeveryone.Thinkaboutthingsthatyoumightliketodobyyourself,thenstartpracticingdoingthemalone.A．Turnoffsocialmedia.B．Focusonothers’behavior.C．Livingalonetendstobeseeninanegativelight.D．Solotimeisanopportunitytostrengthenyourcreativity.E．However,alonetimealsoplaysacrucialroleinmentalhealth.F．Therefore,therearethingsyoucandotoboostsocialconnections.G．Thismightinvolverelaxationtime,exploringfavoritehobbies,orreadingbooks.【答案】16．E17．D18．C19．A20．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了独处时间对心理健康的重要性。16．根据上句“Peopletendtobesocialcreatures,andresearchhasshownthatsocialconnectionsarevitalforbothemotionalandphysicalwell-being.(人们往往是社会生物，研究表明，社会联系对情感和身体健康都至关重要)”以及后句“TheCOVID-19pandemicdemonstratedboththechallengesoflonelinessandalackofalonetime.Havingtimeforyourselfgivesyouthechancetobreakfreefromsocialpressuresandtapintoyourownthoughts,feelings,andexperiences.(COVID-19大流行既显示了孤独的挑战，也显示了独处时间的缺乏。拥有属于自己的时间能让你有机会摆脱社会压力，深入自己的想法、感受和经历)”可知，设空处应讲解独处时间对心理健康的重要作用。E选项：However,alonetimealsoplaysacrucialroleinmentalhealth(然而，独处时间对心理健康也起着至关重要的作用)承上启下，并和下文的独处时间对心理健康的重要作用相呼应。合乎题意。故选E。17．根据后句“Researchactuallysuggeststhatbeingalonecanleadtochangesinthebrainthathelpfuelthecreativeprocess.(事实上，研究表明，独处会导致大脑发生变化，有助于激发创造力)”可知，设空处应讲解独处时间对于加强创造力的作用。D项：Solotimeisanopportunitytostrengthenyourcreativity(独处时间是增强创造力的机会)合乎题意。故选D。18．根据后句“However,researchershavefoundthatpeoplewholivealonemayactuallyhaverichersociallivesandmoresocialenergythanpeoplewhodon’t(然而，研究人员发现，独居的人实际上比非独居的人拥有更丰富的社交生活和更多的社交能量)”however表示转折，可知，设空处应讲解独处不好的方面。C项：Livingalonetendstobeseeninanegativelight(独处往往给人一种消极的印象)合乎题意。故选C。19．设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题，设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是祈使句。根据后句“Workonremovingdistractions,particularlyonesthatinvitesocialcomparisons.(努力消除干扰，尤其是那些会引起社会比较的干扰)”可知，设空处应为消除干扰。A项：Turnoffsocialmedia(关闭社交媒体)概括本段内容，合乎题意。故选A。20．根据上句“Noteveryoneiscomfortablespendingtimealone,soyoumightfindithelpfultoplanoutwhatyouwanttodo.(不是每个人都喜欢独处，所以你可能会发现计划好自己想做什么很有帮助)”可知，设空处应为具体讲解独处时所做的事情。G项：Thismightinvolverelaxationtime,exploringfavoritehobbies,orreadingbooks(这可能包括放松时间，探索最喜欢的爱好，或阅读书籍)合乎题意。故选G。三、完形填空Six-year-oldRyanCoutinhowasn’tusedtosmiling.Hefelt21afterlosingalmostallhisteethattheageofthree.Nowhedoes.Andheisalways22toAmandaMattos.Theboylivesina23family.Hehadhisteethpulledoutbecauseofcavities(蛀牙).Onlyafewonhislowerpartremained.MsMattos,25,metRyanattheboy’sschoolforthefirsttimetwoyearsago,whereRyan’steachertoldMattoshe24smiledandcommunicatedlittle.MsMattoswouldliketo25theboyaftercontactinghismother,buthismother26theoffer.“Theycouldn’taffordthe27,”thedentistsaid.“Theywerestillshakenbythe28thattookhisteethout.”Ryan’sstorycouldhave29here.Buttwoyearslater,byaccident,hismothergotajobasacleaneratthe30,whichMsMattosowns.Theboyhadapaininoneofhisremainingteeth.Hewenttotheclinicfora(an)31andmetMsMattosagain.“Iaskedhimwhathewanted.Hereplied:‘asmilelikemyfriends’,”thedentistsaid.MsMattosagreedtodoitforfree.Themotherhappily32thekindness.Then,twodaysafterBrazil’sChildren’sDay,Ryanfinallygotanewdenture(假牙).“Weallcried.Itwasverymoving,”Ryan’smothersaid.“Allthisis33,”MsMattossays.“Isn’titpleasantifsomeone34smilebecauseofyour35?”21．A．happy B．upset C．thankful D．confident22．A．grateful B．sensitive C．sympathetic D．hateful23．A．poor B．rich C．happy D．big24．A．allthetime B．fromtimetotime C．hardly D．always25．A．meet B．treat C．save D．research26．A．turneddown B．agreedto C．showedoff D．hesitatedabout27．A．activity B．performance C．service D．operation28．A．strategy B．game C．visit D．experience29．A．spread B．ended C．changed D．started30．A．factory B．bank C．clinic D．school31．A．discussion B．decoration C．improvement D．examination32．A．ignored B．accepted C．considered D．abandoned33．A．worth B．efficient C．unnecessary D．random34．A．loses B．sees C．shares D．regains35．A．bravery B．honesty C．generosity D．fairness【答案】21．B22．A23．A24．C25．B26．A27．D28．D29．B30．C31．D32．B33．A34．D35．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述6岁的RyanCoutinho因为蛀牙几乎失去了所有的牙齿，但是家里很穷，没钱手术，所以他几乎不微笑，但是一位好心的女士AmandaMattos为他提供了免费的牙齿手术，从此小男孩变得爱笑了。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在三岁的时候，他失去了几乎所有的牙齿，他很难过。A.happy开心的；B.upset难过的，沮丧的；C.thankful感激的；D.confident自信的。根据下文“losingalmostallhisteethattheageofthree.”可知，他失去了几乎所有的牙齿，所以很难过。故选B。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一直很感谢AmandaMattos。A.grateful感谢的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.sympathetic同情的；D.hateful厌恶的。根据倒数第四段“MsMattosagreedtodoitforfree.”可知，AmandaMattos同意为他提供免费的牙齿手术，所以他很感谢AmandaMattos。故选A。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩生在一个贫穷的家庭。A.poor贫穷的；B.rich富有的；C.happy开心的；D.big大的。根据下文““Theycouldn’taffordthe7,”thedentistsaid.”可知，男孩的家庭很贫穷。故选A。24．考查副词和短语辨析。句意：Mattos女士，25岁，两年前第一次在这个男孩的学校遇到他，Ryan的老师告诉Mattos他几乎不笑也几乎不跟别人交流。A.allthetime一直；B.fromtimetotime偶尔；C.hardly几乎不；D.always总是。根据第一句话“Six-year-oldRyanCoutinhowasn’tusedtosmiling.”以及空格后“andcommunicatedlittle”可知，他几乎不笑。故选C。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在和他的母亲联系后，Mattos女士表示想要治疗这个男孩，但是他的母亲拒绝了这个提议。A.meet遇见；B.treat治疗；C.save拯救；D.research调查。根据下文““Theycouldn’taffordthe7,”thedentistsaid.”可知，Mattos女士想要治疗他。故选B。26．考查动词词组辨析。句意：在和他的母亲联系后，Mattos女士表示想要治疗这个男孩，但是他的拒绝了这个提议。A.turneddown拒绝；B.agreedto同意；C.showedoff炫耀；D.hesitatedabout犹豫。根据下文““Theycouldn’taffordthe7,”thedentistsaid.”可知，他的母亲拒绝了想要给男孩手术的提议。故选A。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：牙医说，“他们负担不起手术费”。A.activity活动；B.performance表演；C.service服务；D.operation手术。根据上下文可知，这里是指做手术的费用。故选D。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们仍然被拔掉他牙齿的经历所震撼。A.strategy策略；B.game游戏；C.visit参观；D.experience经历。根据上文“Hehadhisteethpulledoutbecauseofcavities”可知，他仍然被拔掉他牙齿的经历所震撼。故选D。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ryan的故事本可以这样结束的。A.spread传播；B.ended结束；C.changed改变；D.started开始。根据上下文可知，妈妈因为没有钱，所以拒绝了给Ryan做手术，所以故事本该到此结束了。故选B。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是两年后，意外地，他的妈妈得到了一份在一家诊所做清洁工的工作，这家诊所是Mattos女士的。A.factory工厂；B.bank银行；C.clinic诊所；D.school学校。根据下文“Hewenttotheclinicfora(an)11andmetMsMattosagain.”可知，他母亲工作的地方是Mattos女士的诊所。故选C。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他去这家诊所做检查，再次遇到了Mattos。A.discussion讨论；B.decoration装修；C.improvement改善；D.examination检查。根据下文““Iaskedhimwhathewanted.Hereplied:‘asmilelikemyfriends’,”thedentistsaid.”可知，他是去做检查的。故选D。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他母亲很开心地接受了这份善意。A.ignored忽视；B.accepted接受；C.considered考虑；D.abandoned抛弃。根据下文“Then,twodaysafterBrazil’sChildren’sDay,Ryanfinallygotanewdenture.”可知，他的母亲接受了这份善意。故选B。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“所有的一切都是值得的，”Mattos女士说。“如果有人因为你的慷慨而重获微笑，那不是很愉快吗？”A.worth值得的；B.efficient高效的；C.unnecessary没有必要；D.random随机的。根据上文可知，男孩因为有了假牙，可以再次微笑，虽然没有收取任何手术费用，但Mattos女士认为这是值得的。故选A。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“所有的一切都是值得的，”Mattos女士说。“如果有人因为你的慷慨而重获微笑，那不是很愉快吗？”A.loses失去；B.sees看见；C.shares分享；D.regains恢复，重新获得。根据第一句话“Six-year-oldRyanCoutinhowasn’tusedtosmiling.”以及第二段第一句话“Nowhedoes.”可知，他重获微笑。故选D。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“所有的一切都是值得的，”Mattos女士说。“如果有人因为你的慷慨而重获微笑，那不是很愉快吗？”A.bravery勇敢；B.honesty诚实；C.generosity慷慨；D.fairness公平。根据倒数第四段“MsMattosagreedtodoitforfree.”可知，Mattos女士免费让小男孩做手术，这是一种慷慨的行为。故选C。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Wealwayshearadultslearninglanguagescomplain36notlearningthelanguageasachild.Thisisbecauseitiseasiertolearnalanguagewhenoneisakidratherthanwhenheorsheisateenoradult.Butwhydokidsbecomebilingualso37(easy)?Actually,foryoungchildren,38(learn)languageisapartoftheirbrainchemistry.Childrenarebuilttoabsorbinformationandtheydothisin39unconsciousstateofmind.Adultsandolderchildren,ontheotherhand,havetoconsciouslylearntheinformation.Thismakesit40(hard)becausewhenwelearnconsciously,informationsometimesgetslostordisassociated.AccordingtoNBCNews,youngchildrencanlearntwolanguagesasfastasone.Studiesshowthatthebesttimetolearnanewlanguageisbetweenbirthandage7,41isreferredas“thewindowofopportunity”.Whilewecanalllearnanewlanguage,research42(show)itiseasierforyoungchildrentolearnasecondlanguage.It43(prove)thatthebrainismoreplasticandready44(create)newcircuitsbeforethanafterpuberty(青春期).Besides,45(baby)andyoungchildrenlearnforeignlanguagesbestbyinteractingwithpeopleratherthanpassivelythroughavideo,DVDoraudiorecording.【答案】36．about/of37．easily38．learning/tolearn39．an40．harder41．which42．shows43．isprove/hasbeenproved44．tocreate45．babies【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了孩子容易掌握双语的原因。对于小孩子来说，学习语言是他们大脑化学反应的一部分。孩子天生就会吸收信息，而且他们是在无意识的状态下这么做的。36．考查介词。句意：我们总是听到正在学习语言的成年人抱怨自己没有像孩子一样学习语言。短语complainabout/of表示“抱怨”。故填about/of。37．考查副词。句意：但为什么孩子们这么容易掌握双语呢？修饰动词become应用副词easily，作状语。故填easily。38．考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，对于小孩子来说，学习语言是他们大脑化学反应的一部分。此处作主语，应用动名词或不定式。故填learning/tolearn。39．考查冠词。句意：孩子天生就会吸收信息，而且他们是在无意识的状态下这么做的。state为可数名词，此处为泛指且unconscious是发音以元音音素开