高二英语开学摸底考01（上海专用）-2023-2024学年高中下学期开学摸底考试卷（解析版）

高二英语开学摸底考试卷01（上海专用）

英语

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

1.ListeningComprehension（第1-10题，每题1分；第11-20题,每题1.5分；共25分）

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendof

eachconversation,aquestionwillheaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,read

thefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestion

youhaveheard.

1.

A.Themanmayneed:ore-evaluatehispriorities.

B.Themanshoulddealwiththeurgentmattersfirst.

C.Themanhasfailedtolakecareoftheurgentmatters.

D.Themanshouldkeeptrackofeverythingusingato-dolist.

【答案】A

［原文］M:I'msotiredofalwaysfeelingsorushed.

W:Maybetheproblemisthatyou'vemistakenwhat'surgentfbrwhat'simportant.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

2.

A.Themandidn'tintendtomakethewomanunhappy.

B.Themanthoughtthewomanwasbeingunreasonable.

C.Themanbelievedthewomanhadmisunderstoodhim.

D.Themanwantedtosaysomethingupsettingtothewoman.

【答案】A

［原文］W:It'snotaverygoodfeelingwhenyourtolerancehasbeentakenfbrgrantedagainand

again.

M:i'msorrythatI'vemadeyoufeelthatway.ThelastthingIwanttodoistoupsetyou.

Q:Whatdoweleamfromtheconversation?

3.

A.Thewomanwasanewcustomerofthegarage.

B.Thewomancalledtomakeacomplaintaboutthegarage'sscnicc.

C.Thewomanhadn'texpectedthemaintenanceservicetotakesolong.

D.Thewomanwassatisfiedwiththeimprovementinthegarage'sservice

【答案】c

【原文】M:Goodmorning,TmwithRoadBuddyGarage.Wereyousatisfiedwithourservice

yesterday,Ma'am?

W:Tmafraidthere'smuchroomforimprovement.Fivehoursfbrsomeregularmaintenancewas

notreasonable.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

4.

A.Pressthebuttonofeveryfloor.

B.Takeanotherliftdowntothe7lhfloor.

C.Askthewomanwhichfloorshe'sgoingto.

D.Stayinthesamelifttogodowntohisfloor.

【答案】D

［原文］M:Ohno,Iforgottopressthebutton.Ishould'vegottenoffatthe7thfloor.

W:Don'tworry.Onemorefloorandyouwillbegoingdown.

Q:Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?

5.

A.Hehadaworthytrip.

B.Hedidn'tenjoythetrip.

C.Thetripwastooexhausting.

D.Thetriptookhimbysurprise.

【答案】A

［原文］W:Howdoyoufeelnowthatyou'rebackfromyourtrip?

M:Mylegsarcthesorestthey'veeverbeen,butitfeelslikeIhaverenewedperspective.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

6.

A.Thesizeoftheeleciricvehiclemarket.

B.Anewtrendinthecarmakingindustry.

C.Theveryprofitablebusinessofmakingcakes.

D.Howmanufacturersprofitfrommakingelectriccars.

【答案】B

［原文］W:Whydoeseveryoneseemtobejoiningtheelectricvehiclerace?

M:Honestly,I'mnotsurprised.It'sjusttoobigacaketopassup.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

7.

A.Listentofolkmusicathome.B.Watchaliveperformance.

C.AppreciateadanceshowonTV.D.Gotoanexhibitionofworksofart.

【答案】B

［原文］W:IenjoyedthefolksonganddanceshowonTVlastnight.Ithoughttheywerevery

artistic.

M:I'mgladyouappreciatefolkmusic.Butaliveperformanceismuchmoreinteresting.

Q:Whatdocsthemansuggestthewomando?

8.

A.Shehopeshecanstopreading.B.Shewillturnitoffatonce.

C.Sheisreluctanttoturnitdown.D.Shethinksreadingisnotimportant.

【答案】C

［原文］M:Linda,turndownthestereoabit,Tmtryingtoread.

W:That'smynewrecord,Dad.Don'tyoulikeit?

Q:Whatdoes(hewomanmean?

9.

A.Customerandtailor.B.Customerandbankclerk.

C.Customerandwaitress.D.Customerandrepairman.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Thesleevesseemabittoolong.Ican'tpossiblyacceptit.

W:Icanhavethemaltered.Wouldyouwaitforamoment,please?

Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

10.

A.Nightflightsarcavailabletohim.B.Hecan'tgetanydirectnights.

C.Hehasmissedthenighthewanted.D.Directnightshavebeendelayed.

【答案】A

【原文】M:WewantaflightleavingbeforenextWednesday.

W:Tillookatthetimetablefbryou.I'msorry,buttherearen'tanydirectflightsavailablebefore

nextWednesdayexceptnightflights.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,

andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwill

bereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefour

possibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave

heard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Admirationfbrone'sownappearance.

14.A.Thebenefitsofwalking.B.Theimportanceofkeepingfit.

C.Thewayofformingahabit.D.Thepossibilityofexcisingregularly.

15.A.Becauseitneedsmuchthinking.

B.Becausepeopleneedn'tconcentrateonit.

C.Becauseitissuitableforeveryone.

D.Becausepeoplecanimprovetheirmemoiy.

16.A.Itistheeasiestwaytoloseweight.B.Itcanbemadepartofpeople'slife.

C.Itpreventspeoplesufferingfromcancers.D.Itcanmakepeople'sheartsstronger.

【答案】14.A15.B16.C

【原文】

W:Leftfoot,rightfoot,leftfoot,rightfoot...youcantravelfastorslow.Themovementof

yourfeetgetsyouwhereyouneedtogo.Butitalsogetsyousomuchmore!Walkingisabasic,

simpleexercisethat'ssuitablefbralmosteveryone.

Walkinghelpsyouinmanyways.Firstitmakesyouheartstronger.Studiesshowregular

walkingreducesyourchanceofheartdisease.Walkingquicklyfor30minutesadayalsohelps

controlhighbloodpressure.Itcanreduceyourchanceofdevelopingsomecancers,too.

Wanttoloseweight?Youneedtoburn6(X)morecalorieseachdaythanyoueat.Walkingis

theeasiestway.Aspeopleage,theirbrainsdon'tworkaswell.Onein14peopleover65suffers

frommemoryloss.Olderpeoplewhowalksixmilesormoreperweekkeep(heirbrainsinbelter

shape.

Walkinghelpsyourmentalhealth,too.Puttingonefootinfrontoftheotherisn'tdifficult.

Youdon'thavetothinkaboutit,soyoucanconcentrateonotherthings.

Youcanmakewalkingpartofyourday.Insteadofparkingnearyourhouse,parkadistance

awayandwalk.Insteadoftakingtheelevator,walk.Makewalkingahabit,andseehowitmakes

youfeel.

Questions：

14.What'sthetopicofthepassage?

15.Whyiswalkinggoodfbrpeople'smentalhealth?

16.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutwalkinginthepassage?

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.AnemployeeinthecitycouncilatBirmingham.

B.AssistantdirectoroftheAdmissionsOffice.

C.HeadoftheOverseasStudentsOffice.

D.SecretaryofBirminghamMedicalSchool.

18.A.Nearly50%areforeigners.

B.About15%arcfromAfrica.

C.AlargemajorityarefromLatinAmerica.

D.AsmallnumberarefromtheFarEast.

19.A.Shewillhavemorecontactwithstudents.

B.Itwillbringhiscapabilityintofullerplay.

C.Shewillbemoreinvolvedinpolicy-making.

D.Itwillbelessdemandingthanherpresentjob.

20.A.Thewomanhasworkedasdirector.

B.Thewomanhasbeendoing(hesamejobfor(helast10years.

C.Thewomanhasbeendoingdifferentjobsforthelast10years.

D.Thewomanhasdonethesametypeofthings.

【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.B

【原文】M:Sarah,youworkintheadmissionsoffice,don'tyou?

W:Yes,I,vebeenherefbrtenyearsasassistantdirector.

M:Really?Whatdoesthatinvolve?

W:Well,Pminchargeofalltheadmissionsofpostgraduatestudentsintheuniversity.

M:Onlypostgraduates?

W:Yes,postgraduatesonly.1havenothingatalltodowithundergraduates.

M:Doyoufindthatyougetparticular-sortof...differentnationalgroups?Imean,doyougetlarge

numbersfromLatinAmericaor...

W:Yes.Well,ofallthestuclenlsenrolledlastyear,nearlyhalfwerefromoverseas.Theywere

fromAfricancountries,theFarEast,theMiddleEast,andLatinAmerica.

M:Em.Buthaveyoubeendoingjustthatiorthelast10years,or,haveyoudoneotherthings?

W:Well,I'vebeendoingthesamejob.Er,beforethat,Iwassecretaryofthemedicalschoolat

Birmingham,andfurtherback」workedinthelocalgovernment.

M:Oh,Isee.

W:SoI'vedonedifferenttypesofthings.

M:Yes,indeed.Howdoyouimagineyourjobmightdevelopinthefuture?Canyouimagine

shiftingintoadifferentkincofresponsibilityordoingsomething...

W:Oh,yeah,fromOctober1,Tilbedoinganentirelydifferentjob.There'sgoingtobemore

committeework.Imean,morepolicywork,andlessdealingwithstudents,unfortunately—I'H

missmycontactwithstudents.(Nowlistenagain,please!)

Questions:

17.Whatisthewoman'spresentposition?

18.Whatdoweleamaboutthepostgraduatesenrolledlastyearinthewoman'suniversity?

19.Whatwillthewoman'snewjobbelike?

2O.Whatcanwelearnformtheconversation?

II.GrammarandVocabulary(每题1分；共20分)

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformof

thegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

A

Indoorvsoutdoorexercising:Whichismoreproductive?

Peoplelendtoleanheavilyonthegymwhenitcomestoexercise.Thegymisjustaneasy

concept:yougoandthemachinesarcrightthere.Yougettheworkoutdoneandyouleave.But

maybethat'stheproblem.

Isitbetterforyourbody,healthandfitnessgoalstoworkoutintheopenair21

conditionsvary?Itdependsonsomanyfactors,buttheshortanswerisyes:Sciencesaysitis,in

fact,bettertoexerciseoutdoors.

Takerunning,forexample.Inastudy22(look)atrunnerswhocoveredthesame

distanceonatreadmill(跑步机)andoutdoors,thegroupthatraninsideweresaid23

(consume)lessenergythantheoutsidegroup.Thisisbecauseofterrainchangesandwindspeed,

whichyoudon'tfaceinthecontrolledclimateofgym.Yourbody24workharder,and

thusyoubummorecalories.

Anotherconsiderationthat25(make)exercisingoutsidetougher,specificallyin

warmermonths,istemperature.Inmostgyms,theairconditionersareblowingduringiheopen

hourstokeepacoolandcomfortableenvironment,meaningyou'reconsuminglessenergyand

sweatinglessthanyouwouldifyouweredoingthesameactivityinthegreatoutdoors.

Inaddition,asystematicstudyontheeffectsofphysicalactivityoutsideinanatural

environmentversusindoorsrevealedthefact26amongpeopledoingthesameactivity,

theoutdoorexercisesshowed“greaterfeelingsofrefreshmentandpositiveengagement;decreases

intension,confusion,angeranddepression;and27(increase)energy''aftenvard.

28manyadvantages,workingoutsidehasitslimitations.Fromchangeableweatherto

safetyconcerns,it'snotalways29option.Thebottomline?Switchupyourworkoutand

getoutsideasmuchasyoucan,butdon'tbotheraboutitifthegymisa30(practical)

choiceforyou.Doinganyv/orkoutisamazingforyourbodyandhealth.

【答案】

21.where22.looking23.tohaveconsumed24.hasto25.makes26.(hat

27.increased28.Despite29.an30.morepractical

【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章针对室内锻炼以及室外锻炼哪种形式更有益于健康的问题，

旗帜鲜明地提出了观点：室内锻炼更有益于健康。

21.考查定语从句。句意：在条件不同的户外锻炼对你的身体、健康和健身目标更好吗？分

析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为：theopenair,因先行词在从句中

作状语指地点,使用关系副词where引导定语从句,故填where。

22.考查非谓语动词。句意：在一项针对在跑步机上和户外跑同样距离的跑步者的研究中，

据说在室内跑步的那一组比在室外跑步的那组消耗的能量更少。分析句子结构，空白处在句

子中作定语，因与其逻辑主语study之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填lookingo

23.考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，besaidt。do为固定短语，含义为“据说……”,

因动词不定式表示的动作在主句谓语动词之前发生，使用动词不定式的完成式，故填tohave

consumed<,

24.考查情态动词。句意：你的身体必须更加努力地工作，从而燃烧更多的卡路里。根据上

文“Thisisbecauseofterrainchangesandwindspeed,whichyoudon'tfaceinthecontrolled

climateofgym.（这是因为地形变化和风速，而在健身房的受控Q.候卜.，你不会面临这些变化。）”

可知，在户外锻炼的时候，身体不得不要应对这些条件，可推理出空白处应填表示“不得不”

含义的情态动词，又因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式，故填has10。

25.考查时态。句意：另一个让户外锻炼更困难的因素是温度，尤其是在温暖的月份。分析

句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，空白处在定语从句中作谓语，因句子表示的是

一个客观情况，从句谓语动词使用一般现在时，又因定语从句的上语that指的是先行词

anotherconsideration,为单数，从句谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式，故填makes。

26.考查同位语从句。句意：此外，一项关于自然环境下户外体育活动与室内体育活动效果

的系统研究表明，在进行同样活动的人中，户外运动表现出“更大的提神和积极参与感：紧

张、困惑、愤怒和抑郁情绪减轻：能量增加分析句子结构，这是一个包含同位语从句的

复合句，先行词为：fact,因先行词在同位语从句中不做成分，使用连接代词that引导同位

语从句，故填that。

27.考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用非谓语动词，

因与其逻辑主语energy之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填increased。

28.考查介词。句意:尽管有很多优点，但在外锻炼也有其局限性。根据上文“many

advantages（很多优点）”以及下文“workingoutsidehasitslimitations（在外锻炼也有其局限性）”

可知上下文之间为转折关系，空白处应填表示“尽管”含义的介词，单词位于句首，首字母大

写。故填Despite。

29.考查冠词。句意：从多变的天气到安全问题，这并不总是一种选择。分析句子结构，因

空白处后面有名词，根据冠词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词表示“一个”含义，因空白处后

面词的第一个发音音素为元音，故填an。

30.考查形容词的比较级。句意：改变你的锻炼方式，尽可能多地外出，但如果健身房对你

来说是一个更实用的选择，就不要为此烦恼。根据上文“thegym（健身房）”可知此处是要把室

内锻炼和室外锻炼进行比较，空白处应填形容词的比较级，故填morepractical。

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithapmp(,rwordchnsfinfrt)nith(,box.F/ichwordcanh(>“rod

onlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.advantageousB.programmingC.fashionD.fueledE.advanced

F.sacrificeG.cappedH.habituallyI.appetiteJ.likelihood

K.unnecessarily

Eatingacalorie-richdietbroughtushumansagreatadvantage:time.Wespentlessoftheday

obtainingfood.Wesavedcountlesshoursofneedlesschewing.Instead,weinvestedtimeindoing

thethingsthatmakeushuman:westartedto31tools,erectstructures,sharestories,

createmythsandplaygames.

Caloriesmadehumanitypossible.Caloriesarewhat32ourbigbrains.Our

calorie-richdietdidn'treinforcethecompulsiontoeat,itreleasedusfromafood-gripped

existence.Justbecausewerequirecaloriesdoesnotmeanourbasic33compelsusto

over-consumethem,forthesamereasonthatrequiringoxygendoesnotcompelustoperpetually

hyperventilate.Yes,itmaybe34tocarryextracaloriesintimeoffamine,butthis

assumesanoverlysimplisticviewofourevolutionarypast.

Outthereinnature,carryingextrabodyweightbringsserious,evendeadly,disadvantages.To

theevolvingprimate,greaterbodymassmeanssloweraccelerationanda(n)35inthe

abilitytochangespeedanddirectionquickly.Backwhenwewereprey—whenourancestorswere

36eatenbybigcats,pythonsandeveneagles-ourabilitytonimblystart,stopandturnwas

crucialfbrsurvival.Toapredator,afathumanwasnotonlyeasiertospotandeasiertocatch,it

madeforabigger,bettermeal.Tothepreywchunted,afathumanwaseasiertoevadeandoutrun.

Carryingtoomuchfatalsoincreasesthe37ofinjuryanddeathduetotheforcesand

loadsinvolvedinmaintainingalargerbody.Toputitinthesimplearithmeticofevolutionary

fitness,being38fatdidn'tincreasesanindividual'schancesofpassingontheirgenes.

Itactuallyreducedthem.

Aswebecamemore39therewereevenmorereasonstorefrainfrom

overindulgence.Foodhadtobesharedwithothermembersofthetribe,thenthevillage,thenthe

town,especiallywithchildren,whosedependenceonadultsforresourceslastsaneternity

comparedwithotherspecies.Otherwise,thehumanspecieswouldhavediedofflongago,ifwe

reallywereslavestoanever-ceasing40forcalories.

Allofthesehaveleftuswith(hefollowingparadox:Whywerehumansgenerallyableto

resistvastlyover-consumingcaloriesupuntilaboutfiftyyearsago?

QuotedfromMarkSchatzker'sTheEndofCraving

【答案】

31.C32.D33.B34.A35.F36.H37.J38.K39.E40.I

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要从进化的角度上分析了人类与食物热量的关系。

31.考查动词。句意：相反，我们投入时间做让我们成为人类的事情：我们开始制作工具、

搭建结构、分享故事、创造神话和玩游戏。空处应用动词。根据空后的tools并结合常识可

知，在人类进化过程中，能够制作工具具有重要意义。fashion意为“制作，使成形”。空前

有不定式符号t。，所以这里应用动词原形。故选C。

32.考查动词。句意：热量为我们的大脑提供了能量。根据空后的“ourbigbrains”可知，热

量给大脑提供能量。空处应用动词。fuel“给……提供燃料，增强”，根据上下文时态可知，

这里应该用过去式fueled。故选D。

33.考查名词。句意：仅仅因为我们需要热量并不意味着我们的基本编程会迫使我们过度消

耗热量，因为需要氧气也不会迫使我们永远过度换气。空处应用名词，作mean后面从句中

的主语。根据上文“Ourcaloric-richdietdidn'treinforcethecompulsiontoeat,itreleasedusfrom

afood-grippedexistence.（我们富含热量的饮食并没有增强我们的进食欲望，它让我们摆脱了

食物的束缚。户可知，富含热量的饮食让人类摆脱了食物的束缚，但没有增强人类的进食欲

望，由此可知，我们人类的基本编程不会强迫我们过渡摄入热品。programming意为“编程”，

为不可数名词。故选

34.考查形容词。句意：是的，在饥荒时期携带额外的热量可能是有利的，但这是对我们进

化历史过于简单化的假设°空处应用形容词，在句中作表语。根据句中的“intimeoffamine”

可知，在饥荒时期携带额外的热量可能有好处。advantageous意为“有好处的，有利的”，为

形容词。故选A。

35.考查名词。句意：对于进化中的灵长类动物来说，更大的体重指数意味着加速会减缓和

牺牲快速改变速度和方向为能力。空处应用名词，和and前的sloweracceleration一起作means

的宾语。根据上文中的“carryingextrabodyweightbringsserious,evendeadly,disadvantages”

可知，体重过高有坏处，所以这里是说体重过高会牺牲快速改变速度和方向的能力。sacrifice

意为“牺牲，舍弃故选AC。

36.考查副词。句意：回到当我们还是猎物的时候——当我们的祖先习惯性地被大型猫科动

物、蟒蛇甚至鹰吃掉的时候——我们灵活地启动、停止和转身的能力对生存至关重要。空处

应用副词，修饰谓语动词,根据句中的“whenwewereprey”并结合常识可知，当人类还是其

他动物的猎物时，会经常性地被其他动物吃掉。habitually意为“惯常地”，为副词。故选BC。

37.考查名词。句意：携带过多的脂肪也会增加受伤和死亡的可能性，这是由于维持更大身

体所需的力量和负荷。根据空前的the可知，空处应用名词，作increases的宾语。根据空后

的“ofinjuryanddeath”可知,这里是说脂肪过多会增加受伤和死亡的可能性。likelihood意为

“可能，可能性”，为不可数名词。故选CD。

38.考查副词。句意：用进化适应度的简单运算来说，不必要的肥胖并不会增加个体遗传基

因的机会。空处应用副词，修饰形容词fat。根据上文中的“Carryingtoomuch血”可知，这里

是在讨论脂肪过多的坏处，所以这里是说不必要的肥胖。unnecessarily意为“不必要地，多

余地”，为副词。故选ABC。

39.考查形容词。句意：随着我们更加进步，有更多的理由避免过度放纵。空处应用形容词，

作表语。根据下文中的"Foodhadtobesharedwithothermembersofthetribe,thenthevillage,

thenthetown,especiallywithchildren,whosedependenceonadultsforresourceslastsaneternity

comparedwitholherspecies.(食物必须与部落的其他成员共享，然后是村庄，然后是城镇，尤

其是与儿童共享，与其他物种相比，儿童对成年人资源的依赖将持续很久。)“可知，人类逐

渐有了部落、村庄、城镇，所以这里表示人类进化得更加高级。advanced意为“先进的，高

级的“。故选AB。

40.考查名词。句意：否则，如果我们真的是对卡路里永不停止的欲望的奴隶，人类早就灭

绝了。空处应用名词，作介词to的宾语。根据空后的“forcalorics”和前面的“slaves”可知，这

里表示对卡路里的欲望。appeiile意为“食欲，胃口，强烈欲望”。故选BD。

III.ReadingComprehension(共45分。41-55每题1分；56-70每题2分)

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

ProbablythenumberonecomplaintaboutreadingShakespeareisthatitdoesn'talwaysread

like“normal“English.It'sanaturalandreasonable41.Shakespearewroteforan

audienceover400yearsago.Thinkabouthowwordmeaningsandexpressionschangeovera

relativelyshorttime;fourcenturiesbringwiththemalotof42.TheRenaissanceand

England'semergingstatusasaseapower43thelanguagetoanever-increasingrange

ofculturesandlanguages.Atthesametime,therewasnorealstandardizationinEnglish.Formal

dicliunaiicsandgiamniailexibooks44didnotexist,andpiopcicducaliunfucuscd

muchmoreonclassicalLatinthanoncolloquialEnglish.Despitethisneglect-orperhapsbecause

ofit-EnglishbythereignofElizabethhadacertainflexibilitytoit,ofwhichShakespeare

45.

Sohowcanareadertoday46thatgapbetweenthenandnow?Therearetwo

criticalareasto47:wordusageandgrammar.Onceyouunderstandthesefundamental

concepts,Shakespearebecomesalotmore48.Firstandforemost,therehavebeen

numerousvocabularychangesinEnglishsinceShakespearewaswriting.Whilemanywordsare

stillrecognizabletoday,othershaveshiftedintheirmeaningordroppedaltogetherfromusage.

49,whenwasthelasttimeyouheardanyoneusewordssuchasbodkin(apiercingtool),

contumely(verbalabuse),orfardel(abundle)?Oftenthecontextinwhichawordisusedwillhelp

youdetermineitsmeaning.Agood50withdetailedfootnoteswillhelpyou,aswellas

agooddictionary.Themainthingistobeawarethatevenafamiliarwordfromtodaymaybeused

withinadiflerentmeaninginShakespeare'sworks.Grammariswherethe51of

ShakespeareEnglishisoftenmostapparent.Partsofspeecharcfrequently52,suchas

nounsoradjectivesbecomingverbs.Verbsandsubjectsdon'talways53.Evensentence

constructioncanbe54.withinversionsofthebasicsubject-verb-objectorder.55

wewouldsay,“Johncaughttheball,,,Shakespearewouldsay"Johntheballcaught''or"Theball

Johncaught.”

41.A.accusationB.appreciationC.directionD.oppression

42.A.alterationsB.improvementsC.incidentsD.specifics

43.A.contactedB.exposedC.ledD.linked

44.A.arguablyB.essentiallyC.roughlyD.simply

45.A.gavewayB.kepttrackC.tookadvantageD.tookpride

46.A.avoidB.bridgeC.embraceD.widen

47.A.addressB.dealC.learnD.undertake

48.A.accessibleB.easyC.qualifiedD.unchanged

49.A.AboveallB.BycontrastC.ForexampleD.Inotherwords

50.A.downloadB.editionC.mediumD.recollection

51.A.achievementB.confusionC.flexibilityD.mixture

52.A.commandedB.excludedC.substitutedD.switched

53.A.agreeB.connectC.guaranteeD.neglect

54.A.independentB.pitifulC.trickyD.unique

55.A.BeforeB.ProvidingC.SinceD.While

【答案】

41.A42.A43.B44.D45.C46,B47.A48.A49.C

50.B51.C52.D53.A54.C55.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是莎士比亚作品里的英语的特点。

41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是•个自然而合理的指控。A.accusation指控；B.appreciation

感激,欣赏;C.direction方向：D.oppression压迫。根据上文“itdoesn'talwaysreadlike“normal”

English”可知，人们阅读莎士比亚作品时会抱怨，是对莎士比亚作品的一种指控。故选A。

42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：四个世纪给它们带来了很多变化。A.alterations变化；B.

improvements提高；C.incidents事件；D.specifics细节＜根据上文“wordmeaningsand

expressionschangeoverarelativelyshorttime”可知，单词的含义和表达在相对较短的时间内

都会有很多变化，那么四个世纪当然会给单词的含义和表达带来很多变化。故选A。

43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：文艺复兴和英国作为海上强国的地位使英语接触到越来越多

的文化和语言。A.contacted联系；B.exposed使遭受；C.led带领；D.linked联系。根据下

文“thelanguagetoanever-incrcasingrangeofculturesandlanguages”可知，止匕处表示“英语接触

到越来越多的文化和语言”。故选B。

44.考查副词词义辨析。句意：正式的字典和语法教科书根本不存在，适当的教育更多地侧

重于古典拉丁语，而不是口语英语。A.arguably可论证地；B.essentially本质上；C.roughly

粗略地，大约；D.simply仅仅。根据下文“didnotexist”可知，那个时候正式的字典和语法教

科书根本不存在，simplynot意为“根本不”。故选D。

45.考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管存在这种忽视一或者可能正因为如此一伊丽莎白统

治时期的英语有一定的灵活性，莎士比亚利用了这一点＜A.gaveway赠送；B.kepttrack跟

踪；C.tookadvantage利用；D.tookpride感到骄傲。根据上文“EnglishbythereignofElizabeth

hadacertainflexibilitytoit”可知，伊丽莎白统治时期的英语有一定的灵活性，莎上比亚应该

是利用了这一点。故选C。

46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么，今天的读者如何才能跨越过去和现在之间的鸿沟呢？

A.avoid避免;B.bridge跨越;C.embrace拥抱；D.widen加宽。根据下文"thatgapbetween

thenandnow”可知，是跨越这个鸿沟。故选B。

47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个关键的方面需要解决：词汇用法和语法。A.address解

决；B.deal处理；C.leaiT学习；D.undertake从事。根据上文“Sohowcanareadertoday

6thatgapbetweenthenandnow”可知，要跨越过去和现在之间的鸿沟，需要解决词

汇用法和语法。dealwith意为“处理”，分析句子可知用及物动词address符合题意。故选A。

48.考查形容词词义辨析,句意：一旦你理解了这些基本概念，莎士比亚就变得更容易理解

了。A.accessible可理解的；B.easy简单的;C.qualified有资格的;D.unchanged不变的。

根据上文“Onceyouunderstandthesefundamentalconcepts”可知，一旦你理解了词汇用法和语

法的基本概念，莎士比亚就变得更容易理解了。故选A,

49.考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，你最后一次听到有人使用bodkin(穿孔工具)、contumely

(辱骂)或fardel(捆绑)等词是什么时候?A.Aboveall首先；B.Bycontrast相比之下;C.For

example例如：D.Inotherwords换句话说。卜文“whenwasthelasttimeyouheardanyoneuse

wordssuchasbodkin(apiercingtool),contumely(verbalabuse),orfardel(abundle)”是举的例

子，故选Co

50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一本有详细脚注的好版本和一本好字典会对你有帮助。A.

download下载;B.edition版本；C.medium媒介;D.recollection回忆。根据下文“withdetailed

fbotnotes”可知，有详细脚注的是一个好的版本。故选B,

51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：语法是莎士比亚英语灵活性最明显的地方。A.achievement

成就；B.confusion困惑;C.flexibility灵活性;D.mixture混合物。根据下文“Partsofspeech

arefrequently12一,suchasnounsoradjectivesbecomingverbs.Verbsandsubjectsdon't

always13.Evensentenceconstructioncanbe14,withinversionsofthebasic

subject-vcrb-objcctordcr”可知，莎士比亚英语中的语法很灵活。故选C。

52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：词性经常转换，例如名词或形容词变成动词。A.commanded

命令；B.excluded排除;C.substituted代替;D.switched转换。根据卜,文“nounsoradjectives

becomingverbs”可知，名词或形容词变成动词，这是词性经常在转换。故选D。

53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：动词和主语并不总是一致的。A.agree—•致：B.connect连

接；C.guarantee保证；D.neglect忽视。根据上文“Grammariswherethe11of

ShakespeareEnglishisoftenmostapparent”可知，语法很灵活，所以动词和主语并不总是一致

的。故选A。

54.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：即使是句子结构也可能很棘手，因为基本的主-动-宾顺序

颠倒了。A.independent独立的；B.pitiful可怜的；C.tricky难对付的,棘手的；D.unique

独一无二的。根据下文“withinversionsofthebasicsubject-verb-objectorder.”可知，基本的主-

动-宾顺序颠倒了，所以句子结构也可能很棘手。故选C。

55.考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们会说“Johncaughttheball”，莎士比亚会说“Johntheball

caught”或“TheballJohncaught"。A.Before在...之前;B.Providing假如；C.Since自从;

D.While虽然。根据下文“wewouldsay,“JohncaughtthebaH,“Shakespearewouldsay“Johnthe

ballcaught"or"TheballJohncaught."”可知,虽然我们会说“Johncaughttheball”，莎士比亚会

说“Johntheballcaught”或“TheballJohncaught”。故选D,

SectionB

Directions:ReadthefollovAngthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedst