天津市宁河区芦台第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题

2/2天津市宁河区芦台第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．YouknowhowmuchIammissingthedaysbeforethepandemic.School,movies,gatherings,.We'llsoonbebackontrack.A．nokidding B．younameit C．comeon D．goforit【答案】B【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你知道我有多怀念冠状病毒爆发前的日子。——学校，电影，聚会，应有尽有。我们会很快回到正轨的。A.nokidding别开玩笑了；B.younameit应有尽有，凡是你能想到的都有；C.comeon加油，得了吧；D.goforit努力争取。分析句子可知，上文提及说话人想念疫情前的日子，下文用“School,movies,gatherings,_____.”列举疫情爆发前所过的日子，所以空格处用younameit来表示还未列举的东西。故选B。2．—Hello,everyone!HaveyouheardthemeetingwillbeputofftillnextTuesday?—That’swhatwe______aboutwhenyoucamein.A．aretalking B．weretalking C．talk D．talked【答案】B【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你好，每个人！你听说会议要推迟到下周二了吗？——这就是你进来的时候我们正谈论的。根据句意和后文“whenyoucamein”可知，此处应用过去进行时，表示过去某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作。故选B项。3．—Whatdidyousayyouwerereluctanttoriskjustnow?—_________tohighlevelsofradiation.A．Beingexposed B．HavingbeenexposedC．Tobeexposed D．Exposed【答案】A【详解】考查省略句和动名词。句意：你刚才说你不愿意冒险做什么？我不愿意冒险暴露在高辐射下。分析句子可知，本句为省略句，还原为：wewerereluctanttoriskbeingdone。risk后接动名词做宾语，本句使用动名词的被动形式，beingexposed。故A选项正确。4．Maryworkedhereasatemporarysecretaryand______gettingafull-timejobwiththecompanybecauseofherdiligenceandintelligence.A．endedup B．turnedout C．dependedon D．setabout【答案】A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：玛丽在这里做临时秘书，由于勤奋和聪明，最终在公司找到了一份全职工作。A.endedup以……结束；B.turnedout证明是；C.dependedon依靠；D.setabout开始做。endupdoing(最终完成，以……告终，最终做……)，由gettingafull-timejobwiththecompany可知，是最终在公司找到了一份全职工作。故选A项。5．Asworkingfromhomebecomes________common,peoplearefindingiteasiertocombineparenthoodwithafull-timecareer.A．increasingly B．equally C．nervously D．confusingly【答案】A【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。A.increasingly越来越多地，渐增地；B.equally相等地；C.nervously紧张地；D.confusingly令人困惑地。根据后文“peoplearefindingiteasiertocombineparenthoodwithafull-timecareer”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。故选A。6．Deletetheshortmessageatonce!Manyaman_________bysuchtricksuptonow.A．aretakenin B．istakeninC．havebeentakenin D．hasbeentakenin【答案】D【详解】考查时态。句意：马上删掉短信。到目前为主，很多人被这样的诡计所欺骗。根据时间状语“uptonow”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且manyaman与takein之间为被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动，且manya+单数名词作主语时，谓语动词应用单数，故选D。7．_________theycan’twipeawaythestrainofthepast,theycancertainlymoveforward.A．After B．If C．Where D．While【答案】D【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们无法抹去过去的焦虑，但他们肯定可以向前迈进。根据句意可知，此处前后文为转折关系，故应用连词“while”引导让步状语从句。A.After在……之后；B.If如果；C.Where哪里；D.While尽管。故选D。8．Theunexpectedraceresulthadthecrowd__________andthenthethunderousapplauseburstout.A．ontheedgeoftheseat B．tickingalltherightboxesC．lettingoffsteam D．holdingtheirhorses【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：出乎意料的比赛结果让观众十分兴奋，然后爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。A.ontheedgeoftheseat十分兴奋的，兴奋得坐不住的；B.tickingalltherightboxes一切顺利；C.intheirownright凭他们本身的实力；D.holdingtheirhorses不要着急。根据后文“andthenthethunderousapplauseburstout”指观众十分兴奋。故选A。9．Tobehonest,Iamnotthepersondeservingthehonor;itshouldbegivento_____wethinkhasmadethegreatestcontribution.A．who B．whom C．whoever D．whomever【答案】C【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：老实说，我不是一个应该得到这个荣誉的人，应该把它送给我们认为作出最大贡献的人。介词to后接宾语从句，而宾语从句wethinkhasmadethegreatestcontribution其中wethink是插入语，可知从句不完整，缺主语成分，意为“无论谁、不管什么人”，用引导词whoever。故选C项。10．Whenareyougoingtoreturnmynovel?Don’tworry.You____haveyourbooksoon,Ipromise.A．shall B．should C．may D．must【答案】A【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你什么时候还我的小说？别担心。我保证你一定会很快拿到你的书。A.shall一定会（表允诺）；B.should应该（表责任义务）；C.may也许（表可能）；D.must必须（表必要/很重要）。由Don’tworry.和Ipromise.可知，说话人允诺一定会很快归还，所以用shall。故选A项。【点睛】shall的用法1、shall表示单纯的将来，用于第一人称；第二人称只用于问句；口语中常以will代替，作“将要、会”。2、shall表示说话者的意图、允诺、告诫、警告、命令、决心等，用于陈述句的第二、第三人称，作“一定会”“必须”“应该”“可以”。3、shall在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，一般用于第三人称，作“应”“必须”。如在本题中，根据Ipromise可知，此处表示允诺（一定会），所以用shall。故选A项。11．Howarethingsgoing,Mr.White?Well,theyhavesetouttodealwiththepresentsituation________theythinkdeservestheirimmediateattention.A．what B．where

C．When D．which【答案】D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——事情进展的怎么样，珍妮？——他们已经开始着手处理目前的现状，他们认为这值得引起他们的注意，下文中先行词thepresentsituation为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语，指物，故引导词用which，故选D。12．Settingupagoodexampleisamustforparents,whichcangettheirkidstolookawayfromiPadand________booksinstead.A．makeallowancefor B．makesenseof C．takeresponsibilityfor D．takepleasurein【答案】D【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：设立一个好榜样于父母而言是必要的事，这能让他们的孩子远离平板，反而以书籍为乐。A.体谅；B.理解；C.承担责任；D.以…为乐事。分析句子所知，and后面出现了instead“反而”（表转折），所以and前后意义不同；根据句意，故选D项。13．Thebossmadethedecisioninthe________ofenoughinformation,whichwasbadfortheCompany’sfurtherdevelopment.A．absence B．concern C．relief D．insight【答案】A【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老板在信息不充分的情况下做出了这个决定，这对公司的进一步发展是不利的。A.absence缺少；B.concern担心；C.relief宽慰；D.insight洞察力。根据“whichwasbadfortheCompany’sfurtherdevelopment.”可知，做决定时缺乏足够的信息，intheabsenceof为固定短语，意为“缺乏”。故选A。14．Now,thecompetitionistoofierceineveryfield,andMarynevertakesherdaughter’sstudies______granted_________sheshouldlagbehindothers.A．as;eventhough B．for;asthough C．for;incase D．as;forfearthat【答案】C【详解】考查介词和连词词义辨析。句意：现在每个领域的竞争都很激烈。Mary从来不将她女儿的成绩当作是理所当然的，以防她会落后于其他人。根据句意可知，空1意为“认为……是理所当然的”，表达为take...forgranted，故应填介词for。空2意为“以防……”，故应用连词incase引导目的状语从句。A.eventhough即使；B.asthough好像；C.incase以防；D.forfearthat唯恐。故选C。15．Englishidiomsareawayofaddingcolortothelanguage.Forexample,ifthey’rerushingintosomethingandshouldwaitandbepatient,youcouldsay“_______________”.A．killtwobirdswithonestone B．callitadayC．addfueltothefire D．holdyourhorses【答案】D【详解】考查俚语习语辨析。句意：英语习语是为语言增添色彩的一种方式。例如，如果他们急着做某件事，应该耐心等待，你可以说“holdyourhorses”。A.killtwobirdswithonestone一石二鸟；一箭双雕；B.callitaday今天到此为止；就此结束；C.addfueltothefire火上加油；D.holdyourhorses不要着急，耐心一点。根据前文“ifthey’rerushingintosomethingandshouldwaitandbepatient”可知，语境条件为“他们急着做某事，应该等待和耐心”，符合选项D“holdyourhorses”语境表达。故选D项。二、完形填空＂Youcan'tmakeanomelet(煎蛋饼）withoutbreakingafeweggs",meaningthatitishardtoachievesomethingimportantwithoutcausingunpleasanteffects.Thisis16correctaslamgoingtosharewithyoua(n)17duringthelastArtsFestival.Aseveryonewas18thatwehadwonfirstplaceintheformerplaycompetition,allwantedtojoinour19fortheupcomingArtsFestplayperformance.20therulewasthatonlysevenmemberswereallowedinthegroup.Itwasaverybig21asIwasmadethegroupleader.Iwasresponsibleforselectingthemembers.Allmyfriends22andwantedtojointhegroup.Iwasreallybeingcruel23mostofthemtobeapartofthegroup.Thefatherofafriendofmine24calledmeandtalkedtome255,insultingme.Hesaidhischildwantedtodothemain26AsIknewthatthecompetitionwouldbesotoughthatIwouldhaveto27thebeststudentswhocouldreallyactquitewell.Everyonearoundwas

28withme."Oh!Don'tshowoff.Doyoureallythinkyouare29?"ThatwaswhatIheardandthismademereallyupsetandIeventhoughtof30thegroup.Eventhoughtheyallcriticizedme,weall31practicing.Atlastitwasthedayoftheplay.Wealldidour32verywell.Ourplaybecamethecenterofattraction.Aftertheplayeveryone33us.Thentwodayslatertheresultsweredeclaredandourgroup34thefirstposition.AllthosewhocriticizedmestartedappreciatingSoto

conclude,toattain35,sometimeswehavetospeakimpolitelyorwemaybeseparatedfromeveryonebuttheresultwillbefavorabletousall.16．A．equally B．nearly C．partly D．perfectly17．A．experience B．fact C．result D．truth18．A．certain B．aware C．confident D．surprised19．A．class B．club C．group D．circle20．A．So B．Though C．And D．But21．A．event B．problem C．plan D．choice22．A．worried B．waited C．requested D．replied23．A．refusing B．expecting C．allowing D．inviting24．A．still B．also C．ever D．even25．A．secretly B．politely C．rudely D．clearly26．A．person B．character C．hero D．leader27．A．select B．attract C．find D．recommend28．A．satisfied B．friendly C．strict D．cross29．A．nobody B．anybody C．somebody D．everybody30．A．improving B．quitting C．developing D．managing31．A．wenton B．endedup C．aimedat D．gotat32．A．goals B．tasks C．jobs D．roles33．A．helped B．congratulated C．liked D．cared34．A．wished B．missed C．bagged D．desired35．A．success B．opportunity C．respect D．reputation【答案】16．D17．A18．B19．C20．D21．B22．C23．A24．D25．C26．B27．A28．D29．C30．B31．A32．D33．B34．C35．A【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。“有失才有得”。作者讲述了自己的一段经历，验证了这句话的正确。作者是一个优秀小组的组长，负责选组员，大家都想加入这个团体，但是人数有限。作者很烦恼，受到很多不好的待遇。但是作者坚持选择了优秀的组员，最后取得优异的成绩。通过这件事，作者认识到“有失才有得”。16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我打算与你分享去年艺术节的一段经历时，这是非常正确的。A.equally同等地；B.nearly几乎；差不多；C.partly部分地；D.perfectly完全地。根据下文的讲述可知，作者的这段经历验证了这句话的正确。故选D。17．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.experience经历；B.fact事实；C.result结果；D.truth真想。下文讲述了作者在艺术节的一段经历。故选A。18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如同每个人都知道的我们在以前的戏剧比赛中获得了第一名，在即将来临的艺术节表演中所有人都想加入我们组。A.certain肯定的；B.aware知道的；C.confident自信的；D.surprised吃惊的。根据下文allwantedtojoinour4fortheupcomingArtsFestplayperformance.可知，人人知道我们在以前的戏剧比赛中获得了第一名。故选B。19．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.class班；B.club俱乐部；C.group群；组；D.circle圆圈。戏剧表演应该是一个小组团队，故选C。20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是规则是，一个小组中只允许七名成员。A.So因此；B.Though尽管；C.And并且；D.But但是。上文提到大家都想加入到我们组，下文说小组只允许七名成员。因此上下文是转折关系。故选D。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我被选为小组领导，它是一件大问题。A.event重大事件；B.problem问题；难题；C.plan计划；D.choice选择。我是小组领导，小组仅需要七名成员，却有许多人想要参加，因此这对作者来说是个大问题。故选B。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有我的朋友请求，想要加入这个小组。A.worried使担心；B.waited等待；C.requested请求；要求；D.replied答复。根据wantedtojointhegroup可推断，所有我的朋友向我提出请求，加入我的小组。故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很残酷，拒绝他们大部分人成为这个小组的一分子。A.refusing拒绝；B.expecting期待；认为；C.allowing允许；D.inviting邀请。小组仅需要七名成员，作者所有的朋友都想参加，因此作者要拒绝大部分人，作者感到很残酷。故选A。24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友的父亲甚至给我打电话，粗鲁地和我交谈，侮辱我。A.still仍旧；B.also也；C.ever曾经；D.even甚至。为了加入我的小组，一个朋友的父亲甚至给我打电话，表示递进。故选D。25．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.secretly秘密的；B.politely礼貌地；C.rudely粗鲁地；D.clearly清楚地。根据下文insultingme可知，这位父亲和作者粗鲁地交谈。故选C。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说他的孩子想要成为主角。A.person个人；B.character角色；C.hero英雄；D.leader领导。根据上文wehadwonfirstplaceintheformerplaycompetition可知，这个小组表演戏剧，因此应该是想要成为主角。故选B。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我知道比赛会很艰难，以至于我必须选择最好的真正表演的好的学生。A.select选择；B.attract吸引；

C.find发现；D.recommend推荐。根据上文Iwasresponsibleforselectingthemembers.可知，作者的戏剧小组在选择成员。故选A。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：周围的每个人都对我发脾气。A.satisfied满足的；B.friendly友好的；C.strict严厉的；D.cross坏脾气的；易怒的。根据下文"Oh!Don'tshowoff.Doyoureallythinkyouare14?"可知，周围的人对作者发脾气。becrosswith“生气；发脾气”。故选D。29．考查代词词义辨析。句意：你真的认为你是大人物？A.nobody小人物；无足轻重的人；B.anybody（口语）重要的人；有声名的人；平常人；C.somebody大人物；重要的人物；D.everybody所有人。根据上文Oh!Don'tshowoff.可推断，此处是斥责作者，你真的认为自己是大人物。故选C。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是我听到的，这让我真的烦恼，我甚至考虑退出这个小组。A.improving提高；B.quitting辞退；离开；C.developing发展；D.managing管理。根据上文thismademereallyupset可知，作者很烦恼，甚至考虑退出小组。故选B。31．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：即使我们批评我，我们大家继续练习。A.wenton

继续；B.endedup结束；最终成为；C.aimedat以……为目标；D.gotat得到。根据Eventhoughtheyallcriticizedme可知，上下文是让步关系，因此推断尽管他们都批评作者，但是作者他们继续在练习。故选A。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都把我们的角色做得很好。A.goals目标；B.tasks任务；C.jobs工作；D.roles角色。根据语境可知，作者这个小组要表演戏剧，因此他们都努力做好了自己的角色。故选D。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：戏剧表演后每个人都祝贺我们。A.helped

帮助；B.congratulated祝贺；C.liked喜欢；D.cared关心。根据上文.Ourplaybecamethecenterofattraction.可知，作者的戏剧成了焦点，因此大家都祝贺他们。故选B。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，两天后，结果被宣布，我们组得了第一。A.wished希望；B.missed错过；C.bagged得分；D.desired要求。根据上文.Ourplaybecamethecenterofattraction.可推断，作者的小组得了第一。故选C。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，总的来说，为了获得成功，有时我们必须不客气地说话，或者我们可能与每个人分开，但结果将有利于我们所有人。A.success成功；B.opportunity机会；C.respect尊重；D.reputation声望。此处是对全文的总结。作者通过这段经历感悟到，为了获得成功，有时候需要讲话不礼貌，或者可能与众人分离，但是是结果对大家都好。故选A。【点睛】形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如第19小题，考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，两天后，结果被宣布，我们组得了第一。A.wished希望；B.missed错过；C.bagged得分；D.desired要求。根据上文.Ourplaybecamethecenterofattraction.可推断，作者的小组得了第一。故选C。三、阅读理解RISEisanexcitingprojectdesignedandledbyyoungpeople，foryoungpeople.CreatedbyStJohnAmbulance，thenation'sleadingfirstaidcharity，theprojectisnowavailableincommunitiesacrossthecountry.Ifyou'reagedbetween16and25yearsold，andarenotinemployment，educationortraining，RISEcouldhelpyoulearnnewskills，andimproveyourprospects.Whatyou'lllearnStJohnAmbulancebelievesthateveryoneshouldhaveaccesstofirstaid，andwearedevotedtoequippingasmanypeopleaspossiblewiththeskillstobethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Asaparticipant，you'lllearnfirstaidthroughourStick-itsessions，andalsogettheopportunitytodevelopnewskills，givingyoutheconfidencetotrainothersinyourcommunity，orthequalificationsinyouthleadershipyouneedtogetyourcareerupandrunning.ChoosingtherightpathforyouAttheheartoftheRISEprojectisacommitmenttopeer-to-peerlearning.Aswellasbeingtaughtfirstaid，you'llbegiventheskillsandguidancetopassyourknowledgeontootherpeopleinyourcommunity.RISEoffersyouthechancetogainalotofqualificationsandtochooseapaththathelpsyoumakethemostofyourtalents.Stick-it:Ourone-dayintroductiontofirstaidfocusesongunandkniferelatedinjuries.You'llfindouthowtomanageanincidentandlearnsomeofthemostcommonlyneededfirstaidskills.Firstaid:You’llfocusonCPR（心肺复苏术），bleedsanddealingwithanemergencysituationonthissix-hourcourse.Keepingchildrensafe:Acoursedesignedforthosewhocomeintocontactwithchildrenthroughtheirworkorleisureactivities.Thisshortprogrammeworksbyhelpingindividualstounderstandtheunusualroletheyplayinkeepingchildrensafefromharm.Basicskillsinyouthwork:ThiscourseprovidesanintroductiontoStJohnAmbulanceandistheminimumqualificationforayouthleadershiprolewithintheorganization.36．ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthatRISE_____________A．wassetupbyamiddle-agedpersonB．playsanimportantroleintradeC．hasmuchexperienceinteachingD．offersfirstaidtraining37．Whatcanwelearnabouttheproject？A．ItensuresthetraineesgoodjobsB．Ittriestotrainasmanypeopleaspossible.C．Iteducatespeopletofacedeathproperly.D．Itfocusesonleadershipqualitiesandskills.38．Whichofthefollowingcoursesdealswithaseriousfingercut？A．Stick-it. B．FirstaidC．Keepingchildrensafe. D．Basicskillsinyouthwork39．Thetextismainlyabout__________A．advantagesoftakingthecoursesB．tipsonhowtogivefirstaidC．aguidanceonhowtogivefirstaidD．anintroductiontosomefirst-aidcourses40．Wheredoesthetextmostprobablycomefrom?A．Asciencemagazine. B．Abookreview.C．Acommunitywebsite. D．Abusinessreport.【答案】36．D37．B38．A39．D40．C【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了“RISE”这个项目的相关内容。36．推理判断题。由第一段“thenation’sleadingfirstaidcharity”和“RISEcouldhelpyoulearnnewskills,andimproveyourprospects(前景).”可知，RISE提供急救培训。故D选项正确。37．细节理解题。由Whatyou'lllearn中的“wearedevotedtoequippingasmanypeopleaspossiblewiththeskillstobethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath”可知，它努力训练尽可能多的人。故B选项正确。38．细节理解题。由Stick-it:部分中“Ourone-dayintroductiontofirstaidfocusesongunandkniferelatedinjuries”可知，Stick-it课程涉及用刀割伤的急救，故A选项正确。39．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是“Stick-it；Firstaid；Keepingchildrensafe；BasicskillsInyouthwork”可知，文章主要是关于一些急救课程的介绍。故D选项正确。40．推理判断题。由第一段“Ifyou’reagedbetween16and25yearsold,andarenotinemployment,educationortraining”可知，RISE这个项目面对的是年龄在16至25岁之间，而且没有工作、教育或培训这样群体的人。所以这片文章最可能来自社区网站。故C选项正确。【点睛】一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释，说明，论证或扩展。通读全文，尤其是每段的主题句：Stick-it；Firstaid；Keepingchildrensafe；BasicskillsInyouthwork”可知，文章主要是关于一些急救课程的介绍。故D选项为正确选项。HitaGuptausedtovolunteeratanursinghome,tryingtobrightenthedaysoftheresidents.Nowshespreadssunshinefarandwide.Asa15-year-oldsophomore(高二学生)atConestogaHighSchool,Hitahascreatedanonprofitorganizationthatspecializesinbringingcheertosociallyisolatedseniors.HerBrightenADayfoundationstartedoutbysendinggoodiebags(礼包)withanadultcoloringbook,alargeprintpuzzlebookandcrayonstoPhiladelphia-areanursinghomesandsendingletterswithupliftingmessagestofacilitiesinneighboringstates.Hitahassincewidenedthescope(范围)ofherproject,whichisbackedbydonationsthroughaGoFundMepageaswellastheworkofanexpandingarmyofvolunteers.TheprojecthasreachedasfarasHawaiiandnowincludesvideomessagesaswellasthedeliveryofsmartdevicestohelpresidentscommunicatewithlovedones.“We’vebeenabletoreachsomanyseniors-whoareamongtheloneliestpeopleinoursociety-andletthemknowtheyarenotalone,”Hitasaid.Hita’sprojecthasliftedspiritsattheGenesisWayneCenter,accordingtoKayleeNichols,thefacility’sdirector.“It’simpressivetoseeahighschoolstudenttakethatkindofinitiative,”Nicholssaid.“Thatgeneration,theynormallydon’tthinkaboutseniors.”Hitawasmotivatedtotakeactionwhenofficialsatthenursinghomewheresheusedtovolunteersaidthatshecouldn’tvisitanymorebecauseofthecoronavirusoutbreak.Itmadeherdeterminedtodosomethingelsetotrytohelp.ShestartedtheGoFundMepage,expandedthefoundation’swebsiteandbeganorganizingvolunteersfromaroundthecountrytowritecardsormakevideosfornursinghomeresidents,whohavebeenthemostseverelyimpactedbyCOVID-19.Hitaalsoexpandedherprojecttoincludetheacquisition(收购)anddistributionofsmartdevicestonursinghomesandlong-termcarefacilities.“I'mveryproudthatHitaisabletobringsmilestosomanyseniors,”hermother,Swait,wroteinanemail.Hitasaidherfoundation'snamewasareflectionofherdeterminationtochaseawaydoubtanddepressionforfolksinneed.“Ithoughtofthesun,”Guptasaid.“Ithoughtofpeopleinthedark,lonely,andhowmuchIwantedtobrightentheirdaysandbringjoytothem.”41．WhatisthemainaimofHita’sBrightenADayproject?A．Toraisefundsfornursinghomes.B．Todelivercaretoseniorsatnursinghomes.C．Toteachseniorstocommunicateeffectively.D．Tofacilitatethedevelopmentofthenursingindustry.42．WhatcanwelearnabouttheBrightenADayprojectfromthetext?A．ItstartedinHawaiiandthenexpandedtootherstates.B．Itissupportedbyvolunteersacrossthecountry.C．Itencouragesseniorstousesmartdevicesless.D．Itoffersitsdonorsaspecialgoodiebag.43．HowdoesHitaGupta’sfamilyfeelaboutherefforts?A．Surprised. B．Frustrated. C．Supportive. D．Disappointed.44．Whatdoesherfoundation’snamemean?A．Itshowsherresolutiontogetridofpeople'ssadfeeling.B．It'sareflectionofherdecisiontoexpandherproject.C．Itmirrorsherdoubttobringjoytopeopleinneed.D．Itisthepublicimageofherproject.45．WhatcanwelearnfromHita’sstory?A．Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.B．Freecarefacilitiesforseniorsarenecessary.C．Smilingmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.D．Bringingspiritualpleasuretotheelderlyismeaningful.【答案】41．B42．B43．C44．A45．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了15岁的高中生HitaGupta从事公益活动，创办“BrightenADay”基金会为养老院的老人提供关怀。文章主要介绍了她从事这项事业的一些贡献和人们对此的看法。41．推理判断题。根据第二段中“HerBrightenADayfoundationstartedoutbysendinggoodiebags(礼包)withanadultcoloringbook,alargeprintpuzzlebookandcrayonstoPhiladelphia-areanursinghomesandsendingletterswithupliftingmessagestofacilitiesinneighboringstates.(她创办的“BrightenADay”基金会一开始是向费城地区的养老院发送装有成人涂色书、大号字谜书和蜡笔的礼品袋，并向邻近州的养老院发送振奋人心的信件)”可知，Hita的“BrightenADay”项目的主要目标是为养老院的老人提供关怀。故选B。42．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hitahassincewidenedthescope(范围)ofherproject,whichisbackedbydonationsthroughaGoFundMepageaswellastheworkofanexpandingarmyofvolunteers.TheprojecthasreachedasfarasHawaiiandnowincludesvideomessagesaswellasthedeliveryofsmartdevicestohelpresidentscommunicatewithlovedones.(从那以后，Hita扩大了她的项目范围，这个项目得到了GoFundMe页面上的捐款以及不断扩大的志愿者队伍的支持。该项目已经延伸到夏威夷，现在还包括视频信息和智能设备，帮助居民与亲人沟通。)”可知，BrightenADay项目由全国各地的志愿者支持。故选B。43．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““I’mveryproudthatHitaisabletobringsmilestosomanyseniors,”hermother,Swait,wroteinanemail.(“我很自豪Hita能给这么多老年人带来微笑，”她的母亲Swait在一封电子邮件中写道。)”可推知，HitaGupta的家人对她的努力表示支持。故选C。44．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hitasaidherfoundation’snamewasareflectionofherdeterminationtochaseawaydoubtanddepressionforfolksinneed.(Hita说，她的基金会的名字反映了她为需要帮助的人们消除疑虑和抑郁的决心。)”可知，她的基金会的名字表明她决心帮助人们摆脱悲伤。故选A。45．推理判断题。根据第三段中““We'vebeenabletoreachsomanyseniors-whoareamongtheloneliestpeopleinoursociety-andletthemknowtheyarenotalone,”Hitasaid.(Hita说道：“我们已经能够接触到这么多老年人——他们是我们社会中最孤独的人之一——让他们知道他们并不孤单”)”以及最后一段中““Ithoughtofthesun,”Guptasaid.“Ithoughtofpeopleinthedark,lonely,andhowmuchIwantedtobrightentheirdaysandbringjoytothem.”(Gupta说道：“我想到那些处于黑暗、孤独中的人们，我多么想照亮他们的生活，给他们带来欢乐”。)”可推知，我们能从Hita的故事中认识到给老年人带来精神上的愉悦是有意义的。故选D。ENooneissurehowtheancientEgyptiansbuiltthepyramidsnearCairo.Butanewstudysuggeststheyusedalittlerock‘n’roll.Long-agobuilderscouldhaveattachedwoodenpolestothestonesandrolledthenacrossthesand,thescientistssay.“Technically,Ithinkwhatthey’reproposingispossible,”physicistDanielBonnsaid.PeoplehavelongpuzzledoverhowtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.Andthere’snoobviousanswer.Onaverage,eachofthetwomillionbigstonesweighedaboutasmuchasalargepickuptruck.TheEgyptianssomehowmovedthestoneblockstothepyramidsitefromaboutonekilometeraway.ThemostpopularviewisthatEgyptianworkersslidtheblocksalongsmoothpaths.Manyscientistssuspectworkersfirstwouldhaveputtheblocksonsleds(滑板).Thentheywouldhavedraggedthemalongpaths.Tomaketheworkeasier,workersmayhavelubricatedthepathseitherwithwetclayorwiththefatfromcattle.Bonnhasnowtestedthisideabybuildingsmallsledsanddraggingheavyobjectsoversand.Evidencefromthesandsupportsthisidea.Researchersfoundsmallamountsoffat,aswellasalargeamountofstoneandtheremainsofpaths.However,physicistJosephWestthinkstheremighthavebeenasimplerway,wholedthenewstudy.Westsaid,“Iwasinspiredwhilewatchingatelevisionprogramshowinghowsledsmighthavehelpedwithpyramidconstruction.Ithought,‘Whydon’ttheyjusttryrollingthethings?’“Asquarecouldbeturnedintoaroughsortofwheelbyattachingwoodenpolestoitssides,herealized.That,henotes,shouldmakeablockofstone”aloteasiertorollthanasquare”.SohetrieditHeandhisstudentstiedsomepolestoeachoffoursidesofa30-kilogramstoneblock.Thatactionturnedtheblockintosomewhatawheel.Thentheyplacedtheblockontheground.Theywrappedoneendofaropearoundtheblockandpulled.Theresearchersfoundtheycouldeasilyrolltheblockalongdifferentkindsofpaths.Theycalculatedthatrollingtheblockrequiredaboutasmuchforceasmovingitalongaslippery(滑的)path.Westhasn’ttestedhisideaonlargerblocks,buthethinksrollinghasclearadvantagesoversliding.Atleast,workerswouldn’thaveneededtocarrycattlefatorwatertosmooththepaths.46．It’swidelybelievedthatthestoneblocksweremovedtothepyramidsiteby______.A．rollingthemonroadsB．pushingthemoverthesandC．slidingthemonsmoothpathsD．draggingthemonsomepoles47．Theunderlinedpart“lubricatedthepaths”inParagraph4means____.A．madethepathwetB．madethepathhardC．madethepathwideD．madethepathslippery48．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph7referto?A．Rollingtheblockswithpolesattached.B．Rollingtheblocksonwoodenwheels.C．Rollingpolestomovetheblocks.D．Rollingtheblockswithfat.49．WhyisrollingbetterthanslidingaccordingtoWest?A．Becausemoreforceisneededforsliding.B．Becauserollingworkcanbedonebyfewercattle.C．Becauseslidingonsmoothroadismoredangerous.D．Becauselesspreparationonpathisneededforrolling.50．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Anexperimentonwaysofmovingblockstothepyramidsite.B．Anapplicationofthemethodofmovingblockstothepyramidsite.C．Anargumentaboutdifferentmethodsofmovingblockstothepyramidsite.D．Anintroductiontoapossiblenewwayofmovingblockstothepyramidsite.【答案】46．C47．D48．A49．D50．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍一种可能的将石块移到金字塔遗址的新方法。46．细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“ThemostpopularviewisthatEgyptianworkersslidtheblocksalongsmoothpaths.”可知，最流行的观点是，埃及工人沿着平坦的道路推动石块。由此可知，人们普遍认为，这些石块是通过在平坦的道路上滑动来移动到金字塔遗址的。故选C。47．词义猜测题。根据第四段的“Tomaketheworkeasier”为了使工作更容易。以及下文的“eitherwithwetclayorwiththefatfromcattle.”可知，工人们可能用湿粘土或牛的脂肪来润滑道路。所以换线词的意思是，这样做是为了让路更加平滑，故选D。48．词义猜测题。，根据第六段的内容“Asquarecouldbeturnedintoaroughsortofwheelbyattachingwoodenpolestoitssides”可知，方形的石块可以通过在两边绑上木杆而向前滚动。故判断出，it指代的是“把杆绑在石块上，然后滚动石块”故选A。49．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“workerswouldn’thaveneededtocarrycattlefatorwatertosmooththepaths.”可知，工人们不需要搬运牛脂肪或水来平整道路。所以滚动石块不需要有准备工作。故选D。50．主旨大意题。根据第六段“However,physicistJosephWestthinkstheremighthavebeenasimplerway,wholedthenewstudy”然而，领导这项新研究的物理学家约瑟夫·韦斯特(JosephWest)认为，可能有一种更简单的方法，所以文章主要讲述了一种新的把石块移动到金字塔地址的方法。故选D。Thesedays,it'snotunusualtoseemiddle-agedmencollectingStarWarsactionfigures,officeworkerswearingHelloKittyaccessories,orcelebritieslikeDavidBeckhamplayingwithLegobricks.It'sbecomingmoreandmorecommontoseeadultstakinganinterestintoys,comicbooksandtheactivitiesthataretraditionallyassociatedwithchildren.Thisphenomenonhasgivenrisetoanewword:kidult.Whatliesbehindthephenomenon?Oneisaboutadults'nostalgia（怀旧之情）forthecarefreedaysofchildhood,andthisisespeciallytruewithtoday'sfast-paced,stressfullifestyles.Anotherisaboutasocietalchangeinrecentdecadeswherepeoplearestartingfamilieslater.Asaresult,theyhavemoretimeandmoneytospendonthemselves.Someadultscouldonlywindow-shopfortheirdreamtoyswhentheywerekids,butnowtheycanaffordthatradiocontrolledcarorhigh-priceddolltheyhavealwayswanted.Businesseshavebeenquicktoexploitthekidulttrend,andthenumberoftoystoresthattargetadultshasrisen.Companiesarerepackagingproductsfrompastdecadesandalsobringingoutnewonesforadults.Lego,forexample,hasbroughtoutanarchitecturalseriesfeaturinglandmarksfromaroundtheworld.Societytraditionallydisapprovesofadultswhorefusetoputasidechildhoodinterests,viewingtherefusalasasignofsocialimmaturityandirresponsibility.Thosewhoagreewiththisviewsometimesclaimthatkidultsaresufferingfromthepop-psychologyconceptknownasPeterPanSyndrome,ananomaly（异常）thatpeopleremainemotionallyatthelevelofteenagers.Onagranderscale,thesekidultopponent