2027届高考英语一轮复习策略

高考英语复习通关ByXYZ一

精准研究明方向，有的放矢至远方高考评价体系的内在逻辑和总体特征核心价值金线：学生的政治立场和思维观念，世界观和方法论以及道德品质能力素养银线：信息获取与加工，逻辑推理与论证，批判性思维与创新思维，语言组织与表达情境载体串联线：生产生活实践与经济社会发展情境，文化传统情境，学科探究，实验探索与科学前沿情境高考复习整体训练维度及普遍问题整体训练维度普遍问题复习试题化复习=分题型做题，讲题训练机械化重知识，轻能力指导空泛化缺乏具体，可操作的指导素材局限化素材仅局限于高考真题和模拟题二

精准教学促提升，能力素养串始终高考评价体系的内在逻辑和总体特征依托词汇培养构词，赏词和遣词意识依托句子培养信息获取与加工的能力依托段落培养分析语篇内在逻辑的能力依托篇章培养分析篇章结构关系的能力第一节培养构词和遣词意识构词法ex-：exit,

export,expand,explore,extend,express,explodesub-：subway,subscribe,subtitlede-：de-list,decrease,degrade,deforestation,describe,defence-spect-：expect,inspect,perspective,spectacular,suspectpro-：propose,prospect,progress,promotecontra-：contrast,contrary,controversial,contradict,构词法adequate,appreciate,appoint,advocate,accompanyaggressivearrange,associate,adjust,acknowledgeaccount,accustomadminister,approach,approximatelydistinct,distinctive,distinction,distinguishmiscomprehension,misshapenoutnumber,skyrocket,springboard,wellbeing,digital,minimalismSheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.构词法all-aroundevent,head-spinning,fast-paced,co-existenceless-than-impressive,meat-and-two-veg,ready-madenon-literate,eco-machine,hands-onexperimentsflower-and-seeddissection,battery-powerede-readerpark-goer,greenhouse-likefacility,first-handaccountsattractant-freeplace,clear-up,add-on,check-in,take-over一词多义隐喻思维与一词多义:隐喻就是以一个认知域的经验来理解另一个认知域的经验。人们首先认识的是能够感知的、直观的、具体的事物，然后通过联想已知事物与一些新认识的、抽象概念的事物相联系，进而找到它们的相关点，这样就产生了两个认知域之间的映射，由此产生了新义。

“举起”问题、话题等

raise“提高”金钱数目“提高”数量水平程度等“提高”某种情感或反应一词多义举起;抬起使升高“高”人/动植物的生长程度提高;增加;提升筹(款)提出引起养育，饲养，种植

“穿过”事物

gothrough“穿过”事件“穿过”空间“穿过”演出一词多义through从一端到另一端，从头到尾“穿过”钱或食品穿过经历浏览;仔细检查练习;排练用完;用尽gothrough穿过(基本义)

体形;身材;身影

figure数字;算术人物;人士一词多义figure形状(词源义)画像;塑像数字的“形状”人或动物的”形状”

停止争论，纠纷等

settle人停止奔波人停止移动计划、行程、安排等定下来一词多义停止移动,定下来cometorest(基本义)情绪、状态等定下来坐下，使处于舒适的位置(移民、殖民)定居于对某事达成一致意见明确;确定(使)平静;(使)安定词类活用&熟词生义侣鱼虾而友麋鹿(《赤壁赋》)乃遂收盛樊於期之首，函封之(《荆轲刺秦王》）舍相如广成传舍(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)词类活用&熟词生义求别黑

我酸了晓镜但愁云鬓改，夜吟应觉月光寒（李商隐《无题》）苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤（李商隐《无题》）道可道，非常道（《孟子》）词类活用&熟词生义1.Shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.2.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.3.Itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.4.Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone.词类活用&熟词生义5.Itwasaverynicegestureforhimtomake.6.Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.7.Shecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfather.8.Whenyoupaintstilllives,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlife…9.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterif…词类活用&熟词生义10.Wherearealltheathleteshoused?11.Itisamazingthatsomanygreatworksarehousedinthesamemuseum.12.Redhotlavawasfountaininghundredsofmetresintotheair.13.Sherememberedthebloodpulsingthroughherveins.14.Itishighlyimportanttobridgethedigitaldivide.15.Ourrelationshipiscloseandwe'reequals,soIonlyneedafewwordstobridgethegapbetweenus.词类活用&熟词生义16.Asanaturephotographer,Ihavetobravetheelements.17.Fanspackedthehalltoseetheband.18.Thenewmoviepromisestobeoneofthebiggestmoney-makersofallthetime.19.PabloPicasso,oneofthemostinfluentialEuropeanartistspioneeredCubism.20.Aholeinthetopoftheroofadmittedthelight.词类活用&熟词生义21.Garysatfingeringhisbeard,sayingnothing.22.Shemouthedthewords"Goodluck”.23.IwantedtotellhimwhatIthoughtofhim,butIhadtobitemytongue.24.Shefoundtheviolenceinthefilmhardtostomach.25.MrsBlack,whosegardenisthebestinourtown,reallyhasgreenfingers.26.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfacts.27.Don'tbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew.词类活用&熟词生义28.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingof..29.Ohthisisn'tforthecareIhad.Itakethatasagiven.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.30....howChinahasfueledthefashionableimagination…31.Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmyroleasajournalist.32.I'drunintoformerstudentswhowouldprovideupdatesonoldclassmates.词类活用&熟词生义28.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingof..29.Ohthisisn'tforthecareIhad.Itakethatasagiven.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.30....howChinahasfueledthefashionableimagination…31.Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmyroleasajournalist.32.I'drunintoformerstudentswhowouldprovideupdatesonoldclassmates.“不，我不去！”我狠命地捶打这两条可恨的腿，喊着，“我可活什么劲儿!”母亲扑过来抓住我的手。

秋天的怀念语用效果1.Werandowntotheshoreintimetoseeanenormousanimaloppositeusisthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.2.TherewasTom,circlingbacktotheboat,leadingustothehuntagain.3.Thekillersovertherearethrowingthemselvesontopofthewhale’sblow-holeto…4.Thekillersstartedracingbetweenourboatandthewhalejustlikeapackofexciteddog.5.Withinamomentortwo,itsbodywasdraggedswiftlybythekillersdownintothedepthsofthesea.语用效果Appreciatetheuseofverbs6.Steamburstfromholesintheground.7.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.8.Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.9.Hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.语用效果AppreciatetheuseofverbsAftergraduatingfromcollege,wefinallygotthechancetotakebiketrip.2.Finally,Ihadtogivein.3.Sadly,Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.4.Daisyhadalwayslongedtohelpendangeredspeciesofwildlife.Onedayshewokeupandfoundaflyingcarpetbyherbed.“Wheredoyouwanttogo?”itasked.Daisyrespondedimmediately.5.Asitturnedout,DouglasdidexactlywhatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampion...(2023年全国乙卷)语用效果Appreciatetheuseofadjectivesandadverbs“That'sOldTom,thekiller,”oneofthewhalers,George,calledouttome.Anotherwhaleryelledout,“Rush-oo...rush-oo.“Manoverboard!Turntheboataround!”urgedGeorge,shoutingloudly.“Look,there'sasharkoutthere,”Iscreamed.Therewereshoutsof“Welldone,OldTom”and“ThankGod”.语用效果Appreciatetheverbsusedtoshowone'sfeeling短语搭配pickup，takeup，addup，breakup，useup，cutup，cutdown，cutout，cutoff，cutin，lookupto，lookdownon，lookover，lookinto，comeout，dieout，runout，workout，turnon，turnoff，turnup，turndown，turnout，turninto，take...apart，tell...apart，set...apart语言&历史君主立宪制ConstitutionalMonarchy独立宣言DeclarationofIndependenceAllmenarecreatedequal.In1620someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.语言&历史作为英语学习者，了解词汇的来源就是了解英语国家的人是如何思考的，他们是如何塑造和传承文明的。

汪榕培

语言承载文化、历史、思维……语言&历史

Alanguageisnotjustwords.It’saculture,atradition,aunificationofacommunity,awholehistorythatcreateswhatacommunityis.It'sallembodiedinalanguage.NoamChomsky第二节培养信息获取与加工的能力AdamGazzaley,aresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,whowasnotamemberoftheresearchgroup,saidonelimitationofthestudywasthatitcouldn'tfindoutwhetherpeoplewhostartoutlessfocusedtendtowardsmultitaskingorwhetherpeople'srecognizingandunderstandingabilitieschangeasaresultofmultitasking.信息获取、筛选长难句分析Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity'slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.信息获取、筛选长难句分析Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou.信息获取、筛选长难句分析21.WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon?A.Doingteachingjobs.B.Beinghiredasphysicians.C.Performingsurgery.D.Beingbannedfrommedicine.22.HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners?A.Shewroteabook.B.Shewentthroughtrials.C.Sheworkedasadentist.D.Shehadformaleducation信息的比较TheIntelligentTransportteamatNewcastleUniversityhaveturnedanelectriccarintoamobilelaboratorynamed“DriveLAB”inordertounderstandthechallengesfacedbyolderdriversandtodiscoverwherethekeystresspointsare.Researchshowsthatgivingupdrivingisoneofthekeyreasonsforafallinhealthandwell-beingamongolderpeople,leadingtothembecomingmoreisolatedandinactive.概括、分类、联接、转化的能力Thefindings,basedonperformancesandself-evaluationsbyabout275collegestudents,indicatethatmanypeoplemultitasknotoutofadesiretoincreaseproductivity,butbecausetheyareeasilydistractedandcan'tfocusononeactivity.Butweallhavetoacceptthataswegetolderourreactionsslowdownandthisoftenresultsinpeopleavoidinganypotentiallychallengingdrivingconditionsandlosingconfidenceintheirdivingskills.概括、分类、联接、转化的能力DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown'sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where--luckilyforme-Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.概括、分类、联接、转化的能力Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets(atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon)filledtheweekend,butthebestpart-particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables-wasa7am.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers'marketthatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.概括、分类、联接、转化的能力Insealedboxes,behindmultipledoors,monitoredbyelectronicsecuritysystems,envelopedinbelow-zerotemperatures,andsurroundedbytonsofrock,hundredsofmillionsofseedsareprotectedintheirmountainfortress.概括、分类、联接、转化的能力We'velostourconnectiontonightskies,onthebasisofwhichourancestorsmadeuptheirstar-relatedstories,timedtheplantingandharvestingofcrops,andinferredthephysicallawsgoverningtheuniverse.概括、分类、联接、转化的能力Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.概括、分类、联接、转化的能力Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.概括、分类、联接、转化的能力第三节培养语篇内在分析的能力显性衔接

隐性衔接语篇衔接的“外部条件”“冰山下的部分”语法手段词汇手段(近义词、同义词、反义词、上下义词)语篇衔接代词:it,this,that,they,others,another连词:but,so,and,or副词:instead,rather,besides,then,still,even,eventually,too,though,

finally,therefore,however,also,otherwise,nevertheless,consequently,similarly短语:thatis,forexample,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,inaddition,inotherwords,onthecontrary省略、替代(so,do)AccordingtoSparrow,wearenotbecomingpeoplewithpoormemoriesasaresultoftheInternet.Instead,computerusersaredevelopingstrongertransactivememories:thatis,peoplearelearninghowtoorganizehugequantitiesofinformationsothatthereabletoaccessitatalaterdate.Thisdoesn'tmeanwearebecomingeithermoreorlessintelligent,butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.显性衔接WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.(2023年全国乙卷)显性衔接Iamfondofmysisterbutshehasoneseriousshortcoming.Shecanbereallystubborn.Althoughshedidn'tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficulttotolerate.Theairseemedthin,asthoughitscombinationofgaseshadlittleoxygenleft.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.显性衔接Hisfirsttaskwastowritehisstory,buthehadtodoitcarefully.Althoughherealizedthemanhadbeenlying,ZhouYangknewhemustnotaccusehimdirectly.Hewouldhavetobeaccurate.Concisetoo!Heknewhowtodothat.Monthsoftraininghadtaughthimwritewithnowastedwordsorphrases显性衔接Apowerfuleyeintheskyishelpingscientistsspy“super-emitters”ofmethane,agreenhousegasabout80timesmorepotentthancarbondioxide.ThatobserverisNASA'sEarthSurfaceMineralDustSourceInvestigationinstrument,orEMITforshort.EMIThasbeenmappingthechemicalcompositionofdustthroughoutEarth'sdesertregionsincebeinginstalledontheexterioroftheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)inJuly,helpingresearchersunderstand…显性衔接Beforeoneoftheseworkouts,themenskippedbreakfastmeaningthattheyexercisedonacompletelyemptystomachafterlongovernightfast(禁食).Ontheotheroccasion,theyatearichmorningmealabouttwohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.显性衔接下视其辙，等轼而望之，曰：“可矣”。

（《左传》庄公十年“曹判论战”）下视其辙(车撤凌乱)，等轼而望之(齐军旗帜倒地)，曰:“可矣”(追击齐军）。Buteveryattempttomakerubberhardandstrongcametonothing.Theearlyovershoesandraincoatsweresimplynotgoodenough,andtheirmakerswentoutofbusiness.隐性衔接Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup-andout-thesideofthehole.Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet'scenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone(圆维体)with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover,andnomorethanthreeinchesabove,thecup.文本可视化文本可视化Part

one

concludes

by

introducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren'talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople’sestimatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people’serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.文本生活化

TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle-namedtheTransition-hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikecar.TheTransition,whichflewat1400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.概括段落

TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.Withotherheaters,you'llnoticethatyougetsleepywhentheheatcomesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen.TheadvancedEPalsoheatstheroomevenly,walltowallandfloortoceiling.Itcomfortablycoversanareaupto350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom.Andtheyonlyheatanareaafewfeetaroundtheheater.WiththeEP,thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.概括段落第四节培养分析篇章结构关系的能力Isyourmemoryonline?IfyouaretryingtofindoutwhoinventedalgebraorwhatlanguagetheyspeakontheislandofAruba.Doyouaskafriendgotothelibrary,orlookituponline?Thesedays,mostpeoplewilllookituponlinewithaquickinternetsearch.‘JustGoogleit’,peoplesay,usingthenameofthepopularinternetsearchengine.Asinternetusersbecomemoredependentontheinternettostoreinformation,arepeoplerememberingless?Ifyouknowyourcomputerwillsaveinformation,whystoreitinyourownpersonalmemory,yourbrain?Expertsarewonderingiftheinternetischangingwhatwerememberandhow.Inarecentstudy,psychologistBetsySparrowofColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkconductedfourdifferentexperiments.Sheandherresearchteamwantedtoknowhowtheinternetischangingmemory.Inthefirstexperiment,theygavepeoplefortyunimportantfactstotypeintoacomputer.Thefirstgroupofpeopleunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldsavetheinformation.Thesecondgroupunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldnotsaveit.Later,thesecondgrouprememberedtheinformationbetter.Peopleinthefirstgroupknewtheycouldfindtheinformationagain,sothey___________________________________________

ApioneerforallpeopleIn1974,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.DrYuanisnowcirculatinghisknowledgeinIndia,Vietnamandmanyotherlessdevelopedcountriesto...UNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.DrYuanhasanotherdream:toexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobe.文章标题文章标题标题即主题，文章标题(title)中的关键词语叫做“题眼”。眼睛乃心灵之窗，抓住题眼就意味着窥见全文脉络，把握文章主题。标题即主线，利用课文标题能够推导出文本意义线索。标题即主旨。材料与主旨是构成文章内容的两个基本要素，材料是文章的血肉，主旨是文章的灵魂和统帅，二者有机统一。主旨即主要的意义、用意或目的。标题具有阐明材料和提示主旨的功能。文章标题记叙文标题TheroadtomodernEnglishJourneydowntheMekongThenighttheearthdidn'tsleepInsearchoftheAmberRoomTurningTrashintoTreasure文章标题说明文标题OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculpturesSpace:TheFinalHomeworkFrontierFlyingCarClosertoRealityKeepingOlderDriversontheRoad文章标题三

精准规划提效率，扎实推进冲高考高考评价体系的内在逻辑和总体特征早读品佳作课堂限时练课后精模拟诊断查补漏美段赏析Thepeacefullandscapeofthe"EmeraldIsle”anditsmanycountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes,withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.Anddownbythesea,theroaroftheoceanwavesandcriesoftheseabirdsmakeupthemusicofthecoast.Onaquietmorninginthemountains,feelthesunonyourskin,andbreatheinthesweetscentoffreshflowerswhilebirdsgreetthenewdaywiththeirmorningsong.美段赏析Scotlandisnoteasilydefined.Incertainmoments,thisquietlandoflakesandgrassesandmountainschangesbeforeyourveryeyes.Wheneveninggentlysweepsthehillsideintoorangelight,therivers,teemingwithfish,canturnintostreamsofgold.AsyousettledownwithjustafishingpoleandabasketonthebankofRiverOrchy,anyfrustrationwillfloatawayasgentlyasthecirclingwater.It'sjustyouandpurple,pink,whiteflowers,seekingaperfectharmony.

定义苏格兰的美并不是一件容易的事情。时光流转中，这片静谧的湖光山、绿茵草地在你的眼前变幻。当晚霞轻柔地掠过山腰，为它孩上橘色的外衣河水中成群的鱼儿自由地游来游去，汇成金色的溪流。你只需携一支鱼竿和-个鱼筐，静坐在奥奇河畔，任何的忧愁都会随着水波轻轻飘散。这天地间只乘下你与紫色的、粉色的和白色的花儿相伴，和谐与共。说明文阅读说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文体，它通过解说、阐释客观实在的事物或事理，使读者获得对世界的认知。

说明文分类：事物类说明文:解说事物的形态、性质、种类构造、功能等;事理说明文:阐释事理的概念、特点、缘由、关系、变化、成因等。说明文阅读说明文阅读说明文阅读说明文阅读CaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerica‘slargestbirds，withwing-lengthofupto3meters.Inthe1980s，electricallinesandleadpoisoning(铅中毒)nearlydrovethemtodyingout.Now,electricshocktrainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitoredindifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople'se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.问题-解决一般-特殊说明文阅读Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline(座机)?Soscientistshavecomeupwithashockingidea.Tallpoles,placedinlargetrainingareas,teachthebirdstostayclearofelectricallinesbygivingthemapainfulbutundeadlyelectricshock.Beforethetrainingwasintroduced，66%ofset-freebirdsdiedofelectrocution.Thishasnowdroppedto18%.现象-原因措施-影响说明文阅读Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle-namedtheTransition-hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikecar.TheTransition,whichflewat1.400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhour…结论-研究方法和过程发明-目的、外观、功能、运作、影响、前景说明文阅读细节理解题概括提取双向匹配信息等价语言转换WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineers?Todetectplants'lackofwater.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.“We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,”explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.主旨大意题逆向思维：选项倒推正向思维：段内逻辑细节交集Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren'talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople’sestimatesindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people'serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.推理判断题则面描写间接叙述作者视角Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons，and，likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowreplacedbymudoverice.

25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.推理判断题则面描写间接叙述作者视角Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryidperhapsthefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook'svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside.wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninfightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.33.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinParagraph2?A.Hisreportwasscientific.B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.C.HeruledoverBotanyBay.D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.词义猜测题显性衔接隐性衔接逻辑推理Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeansrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietiesofwildlife,NativeAmericanshad