新能源汽车专业英语2版 课件12 - 5.3 典型混合动力汽车

本章学习内容Chapter5BriefDescriptionofSomeTypicalEVs典型电动汽车简介本章学习目标本章难点重点5.1FuelEfficiencyMeasures燃油经济性测量5.2SomeTypicalBEVs典型纯电动汽车5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力电动汽车1.了解电动汽车燃油经济性测量方法；2.了解典型纯电动汽车的基本结构与性能；3.了解典型混合动力电动汽车的基本结构与性能1.重点：典型电动汽车的基本结构、性能英文专业术语；2.难点：燃油经济性本次课学习内容本次课学习目标本次课难点重点5.3SomeTypicalHEVs

典型的混合动力电动汽车1.了解典型的混合动力电动汽车的技术特点；2.了解典型混合动力电动汽车的基本结构与性能；Chapter5BriefDescriptiontoSomeTypicalEVs典型的电动汽车简介提问thecalculationmethodofelectricvehiclefueleconomy说明电动汽车燃油经济性的计算方法

5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车NewWordsandPhrasesaccelerator[ək'seləreɪtə(r)]n.加速器，油门aesthetics[i:s'θetɪks]n.美学arguably['ɑ:gjuəbli]adv.可以说badge[bædʒ]n.徽章，标记brisk[brɪsk]adj.快的;轻快的coordinate[kəʊ'ɔ:dɪneɪt]vi.协调5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车crosswind['krɒswɪnd]n.侧风cylinder['sɪlɪndə(r)]n.圆筒，气缸decouple[di'kʌpl]vt.分离，解耦disengagement['dɪsɪn'ɡeɪdʒmənt]n.脱离，分离estimate['estɪmət]n.&vt.估计，估算exclusively[ɪk'sklu:sɪvlɪ]adv.唯一extract['ekstrækt]v.提取，提炼infotainment[ֽɪnfəʊ'teɪnmənt]n.信息娱乐片5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车innovative['ɪnəveɪtɪv]adj.革新的;创新的invoke[ɪn'vəʊkt]vi.恳求，实行isolate['aɪsəleɪt]vi.隔离municipal[mju:'nɪsɪpl]adj.市政的nomenclature[nə'menklətʃə(r)]n.命名prestigious[pre'stɪdʒəs]adj.受尊敬的，有声望的revert[rɪ'vɜ:t]vi.恢复smoothness[smu:ðnəs]n.平滑;流畅5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车touchpad触摸板turbocharge['tɜ:bəʊtʃɑ:dʒ]vt.用涡轮给（发动机）增压waft[wɒft]vt.吹送，使飘荡wheelbase['wi:lbeɪs]n.轴距5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车benchseat长条座椅brakingeffort制动力compressionratio压缩比curbweight整备质量driveforce驱动力DSGgearbox双离合变速器electronicfuelinjection电子控制燃油喷射electronicthrottle电子节气门fuelconsumption耗油率，燃油消耗5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车hub-reductiongearset轮毂减速机构inaccordancewith按照inallbut除了instrumentcluster组合仪表jointventure合资企业lockupclutch锁止离合器makebestuseof充分利用Millercycle米勒循环multimediainfotainmentdisplay多媒体信息娱乐显示器5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车onthegroundsof以…为理由petrolengine汽油机startingdevice起步装置steeringwheel转向盘thermalenergy热能touchscreen触摸屏variablevalvetimingintelligent智能型可变气门定时wheelmotor轮毂电机5.3.1ToyotaPriusWhenthePriuswasfirstreleased,itwasselectedastheworld'sbest-engineeredpassengercarfor2001.Thecarwaschosenbecauseitisthefirsthybridvehiclethatseatsfourtofivepeopleplustheirluggage,anditisoneofthemosteconomicalandenvironmentallyfriendlyvehiclesavailable.Thenin2004,thesecondgenerationPriuswontheprestigiousMotorTrendCaroftheYearawardandbest-engineeredvehicleof2004.ThenewgenerationPriusisshowninFigure5.4.ToyotaPriusmainspecificationsarelistedinTable5.5.Figure5.4ToyotaPrius5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Table5.5ToyotaPriusmainspecificationsModelyear1997-20032003-20112009-2015HybridtypeSeries-parallelSeries-parallelSeries-parallelICengine1.5liter,inline,4-cyl.,43kW1.5liter,inline,4-cyl.,57kW1.8liter,inline,4-cyl.,74kWTractionmotor288V,29kW500V,50kW650V,60kWPowerbatteryNiMHNiMHNiMH5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车TheinnovativefeaturesofthePriusareinthedesigndetailsofthepowersourcesandthepower-splitdeviceinthehybridtransmission.TheToyotaHybridSystem(THS)hastwopowersources(asshowninFigure5.5):a1.5literpetrolengine,developing42.5kWat4000rpmandapeaktorqueof102Nmat4000rpmandabattery-poweredpermanentmagnetsynchronouselectricmotorwithamaximumoutputof30kWoverthespeedrangeof940–2000rpmandpeaktorqueof305Nmfromstandstillto940rpm*1.5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车疑难句子分析*1TheToyotaHybridSystem(THS)hastwopowersources(asshowninFigure5.5):a1.5literpetrolengine,developing42.5kWat4000rpmandapeaktorqueof102Nmat4000rpmandabattery-poweredpermanentmagnetsynchronouselectricmotorwithamaximumoutputof30kWoverthespeedrangeof940–2000rpmandpeaktorqueof305Nmfromstandstillto940rpm.

句子分析：这虽然是一个简单句，但是句子很长。twopowersources(asshowninFigure5.5)之后是两个并列的名词短语：a1.5literpetrolengine和abattery-poweredpermanentmagnetsynchronouselectricmotor。这两个短语之后的developing…分词短语和with…介词短语分别作它们的后置定语。

疑难句子分析*1TheToyotaHybridSystem(THS)hastwopowersources(asshowninFigure5.5):a1.5literpetrolengine,developing42.5kWat4000rpmandapeaktorqueof102Nmat4000rpmandabattery-poweredpermanentmagnetsynchronouselectricmotorwithamaximumoutputof30kWoverthespeedrangeof940–2000rpmandpeaktorqueof305Nmfromstandstillto940rpm.

参考译文：丰田混合动力系统（THS）有两个动力源（如图5-5所示）：一个是1.5升汽油机，另一个是电池供电的永磁同步电动机。汽油机在4000r/min时产生42.5kW功率和102N·m的峰值扭矩；电动机在940～2000r/min的转速范围内产生30kW的最大输出，从静止到940r/min之间，产生305N·m的峰值扭矩。

ThePriushasachievedaremarkablylowfuelconsumptionof28km/liter(79.5mpgor3.57litre/100km).

Thepetrolengineisthehybrid’smainpowersource.Itisa1.5literDOHC16valve,13.5:1compressionratio,enginewithvariablevalvetimingintelligent(VVT-i)andelectronicfuelinjection,usingthehighlyheat-efficientMillercycle,that,inturn,isafurtherdevelopmentofthehighexpansionAtkinsoncycle.Inthiscycletheexpansioncontinuesforlongerperiodthanintheconventional4-strokeengine,therebyextractingmoreofthethermalenergyoftheburninggasesthancanbeachievedinaengineofconventionaldesign*2.5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车疑难句子分析*2Inthiscycletheexpansioncontinuesforlongerperiodthanintheconventional4-strokeengine,therebyextractingmoreofthethermalenergyoftheburninggasesthancanbeachievedinaengineofconventionaldesign.句子分析：句子分析：本句是一个简单句，只是在for…介词短语和extracting…分词短语中分别使用了比较级longer…than…和more…than…。参考译文：在这种循环中，膨胀期比传统的四冲程发动机更长，从而能从燃烧气体中提取出比传统设计的发动机（能够提取的）更多的热能。

Figure5.5ToyotaPriushybridsystem5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Thepower-splitdevice(Figure5.6)employsaplanetarygearsystem.Oneoftheoutputshaftsofthepowersplitdeviceislinkedtotheelectricgenerator,whiletheotherislinkedtotheelectricmotorandroadwheels.Figure5.6Thepower-splitdevice5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Thecomplextransmissionsystem,whichalsoincludesareductiongear,iselectronicallycontrolled,sothattherespectivespeedofthepetrolengine,theelectricgenerator,andtheelectricmotorareheldwithintheoptimumperformanceband.Thedistributionofthepetrolengine’spowerisdeterminedbysuchfactorsasthrottleopening,vehiclespeed,andstateofbatterycharge.5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车TheECUskeepstheengineoperatinginapredeterminedhightorquetomaximizefueleconomy.ThehybridECUcontrolsoveralldriveforcebycalculatingengineoutput,motortorqueandgeneratordrivetorque,basedonacceleratorandshiftposition.RequestvaluessentoutarereceivedbyotherECUs.ThemotorECUcontrolstheinverterstooutputa3phaseACcurrentfordesiredtorque.TheengineECUcontrolstheelectronicthrottleinaccordancewithrequestedoutput.ThebrakingECUcoordinatesbrakingeffortofmotorregenerationandmechanicalbrakes.ThebatteryECUcontrolschargerate.5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Inthecoolingsystem,theradiatorsfortheengineandinverterareintegratedwiththeA/Ccondenserintoaunittominimizespacerequirements.ToreduceHCemissions,acoolantheatstoragetankisutilized,seeFigure5.7andFigure5.8.Theheatstoragetankisalargevacuum-insulatedcontainerlocatedneartheleftfrontbumper,andcanstorehotcoolantat176℉foruptothreedays.Thehotcoolantinthetankisforcedintotheenginebyanauxiliarywaterpump,topreheatthecoldenginebeforestarting.Figure5.7ToyotaPriuscoolingsystemFigure5.8ToyotaPriuscoolingsystemcomponentlocation5.3.22020Mercedes-BenzGLC350eFigure5.9Mercedes-Benz350eEQPowerTable5.62020Mercedes-BenzGLC350emainspecificationsModelyear2020HybridtypePlug-inhybridICengineTurbocharged,4-cylinder,208peakhorsepowerTractionmotor121horsepowerPowerbattery13.5kWh5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车5.3.32020VolkswagenPassatGTEFigure5.10PassatGTEhybridTable5.72020VolkswagenPassatGTEmainspecificationsModelyear2020Hybridtypeplug-inhybridICengine148-hp1.4-literturbochargedgasolineTractionmotor85kW(114hp)Powerbattery13kWh5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车5.3.4MANHybridBusAlowfloorcitybus(Figure5.11)developedbyajointventurebetweenMANandVoithusesadiesel-electricserieshybridsystem(Figure5.12andTable5.8).Thebusis12metreslonganddesignedtocarry98passengersatamaximumspeedof70kph.Nostepsareinvolvedatanyoftheentranceswhichleaddirectlytoacompletelyleveldeckheightofbetween317and340mm.5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Figure5.11AMANserieshybridbusTable5.8MANhybridbusmainspecificationsHybridtypeSerieshybridICengine127kWdieselGenerator135kWTractionmotorPermanentmagnetsynchronouswheelmotors,57kW5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Figure5.12MANandVoithdiesel-electricserieshybridsystem5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Therearmountedhorizontallypositioneddieselengineallowsfitmentofabenchseatattherearofthebus;itdrivesageneratorwithonlyelectricalconnectiontotheVoithtransverse-fluxwheelmotorswhichdrivethewheelsthroughtwo-stagehub-reductiongearsets.Thedieselisratedat127kWandthegeneratorat135kW.ThecontrollerisoftheIGBTconvertertype,andprovidesadifferentialactiontothewheelmotorsoncornering.Permanentmagnetsynchronouswheelmotorsareratedat57kWandhaveamaximumspeedof2500rev/min.Thebushasawatercoolingsystemforitsgenerator,convertersandwheelmotors.5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车5.3.5MitsubishiHybridTruckMitsubishihaverecentlydevelopedaheaviermunicipalversionofthelighthybridtrucklaunchedin1995,it’smainspecificationsarelistedinTable5.9.Becauseaddedcostlimitedmarketacceptanceofthelightercanter-basedhybrid,thedecisiontobuildaheaviermunicipalversion(Figure5.14)wastakenonthegroundsoflownoise,andgreatlyreducedemissions,whichmadethevehicleattractiveforcity-centreoperation,andalift-platformversionbeingparticularlypopular*4.Thehydraulicpumpforoperatingauxiliariessuchasaliftplatformiselectricmotordriven,withthebenefitofnearsilentoperation.5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Figure5.13MitsubishihybridtruckTable5.9MitsubishihybridtruckmainspecificationsHybridtypeserieshybridICengine1.8liter,127kWdieselgenerator220-360V,30kWTractionmotor288V,55kW,inductiontypePowerbatterylead–acid5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Serieshybridmode(Figure5.14)waschosenfirst,becausetheengineisusedsolelyforpowergenerationandsocanbeoperatedinapeakefficiencyspeedbandandsecondly,sincetheengineisisolatedfromthedrivesystem,itresultsinasimplerandmoreflexibledrive-systemlayoutwithgreaterfreedomforhydraulicequipmentmounting.5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车Figure5.14Serieshybridsystem5.3SomeTypicalHEVs典型混合动力汽车WhenthebatteryhashighSOCthevehicleoperatesexclusivelyinbatterymode.Atlessthan65%SOCthepower-generatingenginestartsandh