2108英语四级试题

2108英语四级试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonthetopicTheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinkingSkills.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.---PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Intoday'srapidlyevolvingworld,theabilitytolearncontinuouslyisnotjustanadvantage;ithasbecomeanecessity.Theconceptoflifelonglearning(1)______totheongoing,voluntary,andself-motivatedpursuitofknowledge.Thispursuitcanbeforpersonalorprofessionalreasons.Itdoesnotonly(2)______formaleducationbutencompassesawiderangeofactivities,includingonlinecourses,workshops,reading,andevenlearningfromeverydayexperiences.Thedriversbehindlifelonglearningaremultifaceted.Technologicaladvancements(3)______atanunprecedentedpace,renderingspecificskillsobsoleteandcreatingdemandfornewones.Toremain(4)______inthejobmarket,individualsmustadapt.Moreover,lifelonglearningcontributessignificantlytopersonal(5)______.Itkeepsthemindactive,fosterscuriosity,andcanleadtoamore(6)______andfulfillinglife.However,embracinglifelonglearningcomeswithchallenges.Adultsoftenstrugglewithtime(7)______duetoworkandfamilycommitments.Thesheervolumeofavailableinformationcanalsobe(8)______.Toovercomethese,onemustcultivateself-disciplineandeffectivelearningstrategies.Settingcleargoalsand(9)______small,consistenttimeslotsforlearningcanbeeffective.Thekeyistoviewlearningnotasa(10)______butasanintegralandenjoyablepartofdailylife.WordBank:A)refersB)competitiveC)overwhelmingD)burdenE)evolveF)fulfillmentG)confineH)taskI)richJ)managementK)allocateL)proceedM)involvesN)reservingO)productiveSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.The"sharingeconomy,"exemplifiedbycompanieslikeAirbnbandUber,hasgrownexponentiallyoverthepastdecade.Itleveragestechnologytoallowindividualstorentorshareunderutilizedassets,suchasspareroomsorcarseats,oftenatalowercostthantraditionalservices.Proponentsarguethatitpromotesefficientresourceuse,providesflexibleincomeopportunities,andfostersasenseofcommunity.However,criticsraisesignificantconcernsregardingregulation,safety,anditsimpactontraditionalindustries.Onemajorcriticismistheregulatorygrayarea.Traditionalhotelsandtaxiservicesaresubjecttostrictregulationsconcerningsafety,insurance,andtaxes.Manysharingeconomyplatformsarguetheyaremerelytechnologycompaniesconnectingusers,notserviceproviders,andthusshouldnotbeboundbythesamerules.Thiscreatesanunevenplayingfieldandcanleadtosafetyrisksforconsumers.Forinstance,thesafetystandardsforalistedapartmentmaynotbeasrigorouslyverifiedasthoseforalicensedhotel.Furthermore,whileitcreatesincomeforsome,itcandestabilizetraditionalemployment.Full-timejobswithbenefitsinhotelsortransportcompaniesmaybereplacedbyprecarious,gig-basedworkwithoutsecurityorlaborprotections.Thisshifthassparkeddebatesaboutworkers'rightsinthedigitalage.Despitethesechallenges,thesharingeconomy'spopularitysuggestsitismeetingagenuinedemand.Thefuturelikelyliesinfindingabalance—developingnewregulatoryframeworksthatprotectconsumersandworkerswithoutstiflinginnovationandthebenefitsofsharedresources.11.Whatistheprimaryfeatureofthesharingeconomyaccordingtothepassage?A)Itisdominatedbylargetraditionalcorporations.B)Itfocusesonmanufacturingnewproductsforsharing.C)Itutilizestechnologytoshareunderusedassets.D)Itisstrictlyregulatedbygovernmentpolicies.12.Whatisoneadvantageofthesharingeconomymentionedbyitssupporters?A)Itguaranteesfull-timeemploymentforeveryone.B)Itmakesalltraditionalindustriesobsolete.C)Itusesresourcesmoreefficiently.D)Iteliminatesallsafetyconcerns.13.Whydocriticssaythesharingeconomycreatesan"unevenplayingfield"?A)Becausethetechnologyusedistooadvancedforsome.B)Becausetraditionalindustriesarenotallowedtousetechnology.C)Becausesharingplatformsoftenavoidregulationsappliedtotraditionalbusinesses.D)Becauseconsumersprefertraditionalservicesregardlessofcost.14.Whatpotentialnegativeeffectonworkersisassociatedwiththesharingeconomy?A)Itofferstoomanybenefitsandhighsalaries.B)Itmayreplacestablejobswithinsecuregigwork.C)Itrequiresworkerstohaveadvanceduniversitydegrees.D)Itforcesworkerstojoinlargeunions.15.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofthesharingeconomy?A)Itwillbecompletelybannedbygovernments.B)Itwillmergeentirelywithtraditionalindustries.C)Itrequiresnewrulestobalanceinnovationandprotection.D)Itsgrowthwillslowdownduetolackofdemand.SectionCDirections:Thereisapassageinthissection.Youarerequiredtoanswerthequestionsinthefewestpossiblewords.PassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Climatechangeisnolongeradistantthreatbutapresentreality,impactingecosystemsandhumansocietiesworldwide.Oneofthemostcriticalandvisibleimpactsisonglobalfoodsecurity.Risingtemperatures,changingprecipitationpatterns,andincreasedfrequencyofextremeweathereventslikedroughtsandfloodsdirectlyaffectagriculturalproductivity.Cropyieldsforstaplessuchaswheat,maize,andriceareprojectedtodeclineinmanytropicalandsubtropicalregionsastemperaturesexceedoptimalgrowingconditions.Conversely,somecolderregionsmightexperiencetemporaryyieldincreases.Waterscarcityisbecomingamajorconstraintforirrigation.Furthermore,climatechangeaffectsthenutritionalqualityoffood;higherCO2levelscanreducetheproteinandmineralcontentinsomecrops.Addressingthischallengerequiresamulti-prongedapproach.Adaptationstrategiesarecrucial.Theseincludedevelopingclimate-resilientcropvarieties,improvingwatermanagementtechniques,andadoptingsustainableagriculturalpractices.However,adaptationaloneisinsufficient.Mitigation—reducinggreenhousegasemissions—isessentialtolimittheseverityoffutureimpacts.Thisglobalissuedemandscoordinatedinternationalaction,technologicalinnovation,andchangesinconsumptionpatternstoensureastablefoodsupplyforagrowingpopulation.16.Whatisdescribedasa"presentreality"inthepassage?______17.Whatarethetwomaintypesofextremeweathereventsmentionedthataffectagriculture?______18.Inwhattypeofregionsarecropyieldsforstapleslikelytodecline?______19.Besidesyield,whatotheraspectoffoodqualitymightbereducedduetohigherCO2levels?______20.Whattwobroadtypesofstrategiesareneededtotackletheimpactofclimatechangeonfoodsecurity?______---PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateaparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.中国书法(calligraphy)是一门独特的传统艺术，已有三千多年的历史。它不仅仅是书写文字的一种方式，更被视为一种心灵修养和艺术表达的形式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感和节奏感的线条。练习书法需要高度的专注和耐心，有助于培养平静的心态。今天，中国书法不仅在中国深受喜爱，也越来越多地受到世界各地人们的欣赏，成为文化交流的重要桥梁。---PartIVWriting(AnotherTask-Note)Directions:Forthispart,supposeyourforeignprofessor,Dr.Smith,recommendedausefulonlinecoursetoyou.Writeanotetoexpressyourthanks.Yournoteshouldinclude:1.Yourappreciationfortherecommendation.2.Whatyoufindhelpfulaboutthecourse.3.Howyouplantousetheknowledge.Youshouldwriteabout100words.---答案(AnswerKey)PartIWriting(ModelEssayforReference)TheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinkingSkillsIntheinformationage,wearebombardedwithvastamountsofdataandopinionsdaily.Therefore,developingcriticalthinkingskillsisofparamountimportance.Criticalthinkingenablesustoanalyzeinformationobjectively,distinguishfactsfrombiases,andmakereasonedjudgmentsratherthanacceptingideaspassively.Firstly,itisessentialforacademicandprofessionalsuccess.Itallowsstudentstodelvedeeperintosubjectsandprofessionalstosolvecomplexproblemsinnovatively.Secondly,indailylife,ithelpsusnavigatemisleadingadvertisementsandmakesounddecisions,frompersonalfinancetosocialissues.Moreover,criticalthinkingfostersintellectualindependenceandiscrucialforahealthydemocraticsociety,asitencouragescitizenstoquestionandevaluateratherthanfollowblindly.Inconclusion,cultivatingcriticalthinkingisnotmerelyaneducationalgoalbutavitallifeskill.Bylearningtothinkcritically,weempowerourselvestounderstandtheworldmoreaccuratelyandcontributetoitmoreeffectively.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.A)refers2.G)confine(Note:"doesnotonlyconfineto"isasetphrase,though"isnotconfinedto"ismorecommon.Inthiscontext,Gfitstheblankstructure.)3.E)evolve4.B)competitive5.F)fulfillment6.I)rich7.J)management8.C)overwhelming9.N)reserving(Note:"Reserving"fitsthegerundstructureparallelto"Setting".)10.D)burdenSectionB11.C)Itutilizestechnologytoshareunderusedassets.12.C)Itusesresourcesmoreefficiently.13.C)Becausesharingplatformsoftenavoidregulationsappliedtotraditionalbusinesses.14.B)Itmayreplacestablejobswithinsecuregigwork.15.C)Itrequiresnewrulestobalanceinnovationandprotection.SectionC16.Climatechange.17.Droughtsandfloods.18.(Inmany)tropicalandsubtropicalregions.19.Theproteinandmineralcontent./Nutritionalquality.20.Adaptationandmitigation.PartIIITranslationChinesecalligraphyisauniquetraditionalartwithahistoryofover3,000years.Itisnotmerelyawayofwritingcharactersbutisa