四川省成都市2025-2026学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whereisthedesk?

A.Underthewindow.

B.Acrossfromthedoor.

C.Oppositethewindow.

2.Whatisthemanmostprobably?

A.Adoctor.B.Apoliceman.C.Ateacher.

3.Whendoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

A.Inspring.B.Inautumn.C.Inwinter.

4.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Enjoyingafountain.B.Havingcheese.C.Takingapicture.

5.Whatwillthemankeep?

A.Ashirt.B.Ahat.C.Asuit.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatisthewomandissatisfiedwith?

A.Thelivingroom.B.Thebedroom.C.Thekitchen.

7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthelivingroom?

A.Newandmodern.B.Smallbutwell-furnished.C.Bigandbright.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题

8.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Managerandcustomer.C.Husbandandwife.

9.Whomwillthemanhavelunchwithtomorrow?

第1页/共23页

A.Peter.B.Mr.Tanawa.C.Jane.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题

10.Whenwillthedininghallclose?

A.Atabout6:30.B.Atabout10:00.C.Atabout7:00.

11.Whydoesn’tAnnwanttoeatinthedininghall?

A.Shehadapizzaalready.

B.Shehastoprepareforatest.

C.Shedoesn’tlikethefoodthere.

12.WhatwillBillmostprobablydorightnow?

A.Gotothedininghall.B.Cookdinnerathome.C.Orderapizza.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题

13.Wheredoesthewomanwork?

A.Atanewspaperoffice.

B.Atauniversity.

C.Atatelevisionstation.

14.Whyisthemanapplyingforthisposition?

A.Togetexperience.

B.Tomeetfamouspeople.

C.Tomakemoney.

15.Whatisthemanmajoringinattheuniversity?

A.MediaandCommunication.B.English.C.Advertising.

16.Whatdoesthemanneedtodonextinordertogettheposition?

A.Completeaform.B.Takesomecourses.C.TalktoMs.Wagner.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题

17.Whatdothelibrarymembershavetodoeverytwoyears?

A.Payforanewmembershipcard.

B.Registerinthelibraryagain.

C.Renewtheirpersonalinformation.

18Howlongwillthelibrarykeepthebookbookedinadvance?

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A.Aweek.B.Fivedays.C.Twoweeks.

19.Whatcanbeborrowedforonedayonly?

AChildren’sbooks.B.Dictionaries.C.DVDs.

20.Onwhichdaywillthelibrarycloseat7:00p.m.?

A.Sunday.B.Wednesday.C.Saturday.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节；满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Withtheriseofsocialmediaandtheincreasingnumberofonlineplatforms,businesseshavetoo

manyoptions

whenitcomestopromotingtheirproductsorservices.Wewillcomparesomeofthetoponline

advertising

platformsandhelpyoudeterminewhichoneisrightforyou.

GoogleAds:ThePowerhouseofOnlineAdvertising

Whenitcomestoonlineadvertising,GoogleAdsisundoubtedlythemostpowerfulandwidelyused

platform

withitsmightytargetingoptions.Businessescantargetspecifickeywords,demographics(人口统计),

locations,

andevencustomaudiencesbasedontheirwebsitevisitorsorcustomerlists.Thislevelofprecision

ensuresprecise

adsreaching.

FacebookAds:TargetingYourAudiencewithAccuracy

FacebookAdsoffersbusinessesvariousadformatssuchasimageads,videoads,audio-visualads,

andmore

toengagewiththeirtargetaudienceeffectively.OnesignificantadvantageFacebookAdshaveover

otherplatforms

isitsadvancedtargetingabilities.WithFacebook’slargeuserdata,businessescantarget

theiradsbasedon

demographics,interests,behaviors,andevenlifeevents.Thislevelofaccuracyallowsyouto

tailoryouradsto

specificaudiencedivisionsandincreasethechancesoftransformation.

LinkedInAds:ConnectingwithProfessionals

IfyourbusinessoperatesintheB2Bspaceortargetsprofessionalsanddecision-makers,

LinkedInAdsisan

excellentplatformtoconsider.OneofthekeyadvantagesofusingLinkedInAdsisits

professionaltargeting

options,includingjobtitles,industries,companysize,andevenspecificcompanies.Thishigh

levelofprecision

ensuresthatyouradsareviewedbyrelatedprofessionalswhoaremorelikelytobeinterestedin

yourproductsor

services.

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YouTubeAds:EngagingYourAudiencethroughVideo

Videoadvertisinghasgainedsignificantpopularityinrecentyearsduetoitsabilitytodraw

users’attention

effectively.OnemajoradvantageofYouTubeAdsisitswidespreadreach.Withover2billionlogged-

inmonthly

usersspendinganaverageof40minutesontheplatform,YouTubeoffersadvertisersaccesstoa

largeglobal

audience.

1.WhatkeyfeaturesetsFacebookAdsapartfromotherplatforms?

A.Comprehensiveuserdata.

B.Advancedtargetingcapabilities.

C.Professionaltargetingoptions.

D.Widespreadaudiencereach.

2.Whichplatformwouldyouchooseifyouaretargetingprofessionals?

A.LinkedInAds.B.YouTubeAds.

C.GoogleAds.D.FacebookAds.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage.

A.Topromoteadvertisingwebsitestoschools.

B.Tointroducedifferentadvertisingcompanies.

C.Tohelpbusinessesselectadvertisingplatforms.

D.Toanalyzetheprosandconsofonlineadvertising.

【答案】1.B2.A3.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一些顶级的在线广告平台。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。由FacebookAds:TargetingYourAudiencewithAccuracy中“Onesignificantadvantage

FacebookAdshaveoverotherplatformsisitsadvancedtargetingabilities.(与其他平台相比，Facebook

广告的一

个显著优势是其先进的定位能力。)”可知，Facebook广告一个显著特点是其先进的定位能力。故选B项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。由LinkedInAds:ConnectingwithProfessionals中“Oneofthekeyadvantagesofusing

LinkedIn

Adsisitsprofessionaltargetingoptions,includingjobtitles,industries,companysize,andeven

specificcompanies.

Thishighlevelofprecisionensuresthatyouradsareviewedbyrelatedprofessionalswhoaremore

likelytobe

interestedinyourproductsorservices.(使用领英广告的主要优势之一是其专业的定位选项，包括职位、行

业、

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公司规模，甚至特定公司。这种高精度确保了您的广告被更有可能对您的产品或服务感兴趣的相关专业人

士观看。)”可知，LinkedIn广告以专业人士为目标。故选A项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。由文章第一段“Wewillcomparesomeofthetoponlineadvertisingplatformsandhelpyou

determinewhichoneisrightforyou.(我们将比较一些顶级的在线广告平台，并帮助您确定哪一个适合您。)”

以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些广告平台来帮助企业选择。故选C项。

B

MrDanMarcanruono,knownasMrMarc,teachesphilosophyandmoralthinkingatahighschool.

Before

becominganeducator,MrMarcworkedinhealthcareconsulting,droveadeliverytruckforalaundry

companyand

workedtemporarilyinbusinessdevelopment.Teachingwasn’tsomethinghehadseriouslyconsidered

untilhe

joinedtheMasterofFineArtsprogramincreativewritingatBowlingGreenStateUniversityinOhio.

Aspartof

hisscholarship,hewasrequiredtoteachcoursesincreativewritingtocollegestudents.“Idon’t

thinkIwouldhave

gottenintoteachingifIhadn’tgonetothatschool.”hesaid.

Fromhisteachingexperiences,MrMarcquicklyrealizedthatteachingrequiresmorethanjust

knowingthe

subject.Onemomentthatreshapedhisviewofteachingoccurredduringhisfirstyearwhenastudent

losthisfather.

Theexperiencemadehimrealizehowessentialitistocreateanenvironmentthatassistsstudents

facingpersonal

challenges.

Whentransitioningfromteachingcollegetohighschool,MrMarcadmittedthathestruggledwith

constantly

havingtoadaptandcomeupwithnewideas.“Gettingaccustomedtotheworkloadandcurriculumwhen

it’sallso

newtomehasbeenoneofthebiggestchallengessofar,”heexplained.

MrMarcbelievesauthoritydoesn’tcomefromsimplyhavingatitle.“There’salotIcanbe

doingtomake

studentsfeelconfidentandcapableintheclassroom,”hesaid.Byencouragingasenseofteamwork

andmutual

respect,heaimstocreateanenvironmentwherestudentsfeelvalued.“Itrytogettoknowmy

studentsandthen

taketimeduringclasstotalktothemindividually,”headded.Thisapproachhelpsstudentsfeel

noticed.

“Myultimategoalasateacheristohelpstudentsstarttoquestionthethingstheytakefor

grantedorthethings

theyjustassumearetrueabouttheworld,”saidMrMarc,whodescribeshisteachingjourneyasa

blessing.He

acknowledgesthathispathtoteachingwasunexpected,buthe’sgratefulfortheexperienceshehas

comeacross.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutMrMarcbeforehebecameateacher?

A.Heworkedinvariousfields.B.Hespecializedincreativewriting.

C.Hetaughtatauniversityfull-time.D.Hehadalwaysdreamedofbeingateacher.

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5.WhatmadeMrMarcchangehisviewonteaching?

A.Hisscholarshiprequirement.B.Astudent’spersonaltragedy.

C.HisMaster’sprogramincreativewriting.D.Thedifferencebetweencollegeandhigh

school

teaching.

6.WhichofthefollowingisachallengeMrMarcfacedwhenteachinghighschool?

A.Buildingauthorityamongstudents.B.Helpingstudentsfacingpersonalchallenges.

C.Adaptingtothenewworkloadandcurriculum.D.Makingstudentsfeelvaluedinclass.

7.WhatisMrMarc’sultimategoalasateacher?

A.Tohelpstudentsdevelopcriticalthinking.B.Tomakestudentsfeelconfidentinclass.

C.Toencourageteamworkamongstudents.D.Togettoknoweachstudentindividually.

【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了MrMarc成为教师的经历、他对教学的看法、在教学过程中遇到

的挑战以及他作为教师的最终目标。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Beforebecominganeducator,MrMarcworkedinhealthcareconsulting,

drovea

deliverytruckforalaundrycompanyandworkedtemporarilyinbusinessdevelopment.(在成为教育工作者

之前，

Marc先生从事过医疗保健咨询工作，为一家洗衣公司开过送货卡车，还曾在业务发展部门临时工作过)”可

知，在成为教师之前，MrMarc在多个领域工作过。故选A。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Onemomentthatreshapedhisviewofteachingoccurredduringhisfirst

year

whenastudentlosthisfather.Theexperiencemadehimrealizehowessentialitistocreatean

environmentthat

assistsstudentsfacingpersonalchallenges.(在他第一年教书时，一个学生失去了父亲，这一时刻重塑了他对

教

学的看法。这段经历让他意识到，创造一个帮助面临个人挑战的学生的环境是多么重要)”可知，一个学生

的个人悲剧让MrMarc改变了对教学的看法。故选B。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whentransitioningfromteachingcollegetohighschool,MrMarcadmitted

that

hestruggledwithconstantlyhavingtoadaptandcomeupwithnewideas.‘Gettingaccustomedtothe

workloadand

curriculumwhenit’sallsonewtomehasbeenoneofthebiggestchallengessofar,’heexplained.

(当从大学教学

过渡到高中教学时，Marc先生承认，他一直在努力适应并想出新点子。他解释说：‘对我来说，当所有的工

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作量和课程都是全新的时，习惯它们是迄今为止最大的挑战之一。’)”可知，MrMarc在高中教学时面临的

挑战之一是适应新的工作量和课程。故选C。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Myultimategoalasateacheristohelpstudentsstarttoquestion

thethings

theytakeforgrantedorthethingstheyjustassumearetrueabouttheworld,’saidMrMarc,who

describeshis

teachingjourneyasablessing.(Marc先生将自己的教学之旅形容为一种福分，他说：‘我作为教师的最终目标

是帮助学生开始质疑他们认为理所当然的事情，或者他们只是假设为真的关于世界的事情。’)”可推知，

MrMarc作为教师的最终目标是帮助学生培养批判性思维。故选A。

C

Perfume(香味；香水)hasheldaspecialplaceinhumanhistory.Thetraditionalmakingprocess

involves

collectingrawmaterials,producingoils,mixing,agingandqualitycontrol.Forcenturies,

perfumershavemerely

reliedontheirownsenses.Butnowmodern-dayperfumersarebeginningtolookbeyondtheirnoses.

Theyare,

instead,turningtoneurotechnology(神经技术).

Perfumenowcanbedesignedtostimulateemotionalresponsesusingneuroscents(神经气味)

shownby

biometricmeasures—theuseofbiologicaldatatoanalyzehumanresponses—tohelpinspire

differentpositive

feelingssuchascalm,joyorsleepiness.Neurotechnologycanalsohelpperfumersanalyzethe

chemical

compositionoftheseneuroscentsandfindnewcombinationsofrawmaterialsthatcanproducesimilar

orenhanced

effects.

ResearcherHugoFerreiraistryingtobuildadatabaseofneuroscents.“Withsightand

hearing,youcan

imaginethefaceofalovedoneorthefavouritetune.It’shardtoimagineasmellthoughitcan

stimulateaseriesof

emotionsandmemories.”

Ferreiraexplainsthisisduetothestructureoftheolfactory(嗅觉的)system.Messagesfrom

scentreceptors

aresentthroughtheolfactorybulbtodifferentbrainareasthatcontroleverythingfrommemoryor

thirsttostress

reactions.Olfactionisthemostdiversesensewithmanydifferentreceptors.It’sestimatedthat

thereareabout400

differentolfactoryreceptorgenefamilies.Amongotherthingsthesevariousconnectionsmayexplain

howwecan

“smellfear,orvictory.”

L’Oréal,aFrenchmultinationalpersonalcarecompany,haspartneredwithneurotechnology

companyEmotiv

tocreateascentchoice“experience”.During2023,shoppersatcertainstoresusedadeviceto

discoverwhich

scentsappealedtothem.Resultssofarshowthat95%ofcustomerswhousedthedevicefoundthe

rightperfume.

AnotherperfumefromGivenchy,aFrenchluxuryfashionandperfumehouse,hasbeenabestseller

foryears,

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whichincludesaspecialsubstancechosenafterbiometricresearch.

However,perfumewriterKatiePuckriksaysshe’dliketo“designherownperfume”.“Leavethe

magictothe

artists.Whydoweneedacomputertotelluswhatournosealreadyknows?Findinganewfavorite

scentbychance

isararemomentofgraceweshouldallowourselves,”shesays.

8.Howcanneurotechnologyfunctionintheperfume-makingprocess?

A.Bydistinguishingonescentfromtheother.

B.Byexploringthebestwaytoobtainspecialoil.

C.Byfindingthescentsmostappealingtopeople.

D.Byofferingperfumersinformationofmaterials.

9.WhatdoesFerreirawanttoindicateinparagraph3?

A.Thecloseconnectionamongoursenses.

B.Thegreatcomplexityoftheolfactorysystem.

C.Therelationshipbetweenemotionandmemory.

D.Thesignificanceofhavingagoodimagination.

10.Whyaretheperfumebrandsmentionedinthetext?

A.Toshowapplicationsofneurotechnology.

B.Tocollectmoredataforbiometricresearch.

C.Toillustratethefiercecompetitionbetweenthem.

D.Tostresstheirdominanceintheperfumeindustry.

11.WhatisKatiePuckrik’sattitudetowardsthenewtechnology?

A.Tolerant.B.Unclear.C.Supportive.D.Negative.

【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种通过寻找最吸引人的气味在香水制作过程中发挥作用的神经技

术。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butnowmodern-dayperfumersarebeginningtolookbeyondtheirnoses.

They

are,instead,turningtoneurotechnology(神经技术).(但现在，现代调香师开始把目光投向鼻子之

外。

相反，他们转向了神经技术。)”和第二段“Perfumenowcanbedesignedtostimulateemotionalresponses

using

neuroscents(神经气味)shownbybiometricmeasures—theuseofbiologicaldatatoanalyzehuman

responses

第8页/共23页

—tohelpinspiredifferentpositivefeelingssuchascalm,joyorsleepiness.Neurotechnology

canalsohelp

perfumersanalyzethechemicalcompositionoftheseneuroscentsandfindnewcombinationsofraw

materialsthat

canproducesimilarorenhancedeffects.(香水现在可以被设计成使用生物特征测量显示的神经官能症来刺激

情绪反应，即使用生物数据来分析人类反应，以帮助激发不同的积极情绪，如平静、快乐或嗜睡。神经技

术还可以帮助调香师分析这些神经官能症的化学成分，并找到可以产生类似或增强效果的原材料的新组合。

)”可知，神经技术通过寻找最吸引人的气味在香水制作过程中发挥作用。故选C项。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中Ferreira所说“Withsightandhearing,youcanimaginethefaceofaloved

oneorthe

favouritetune.It’shardtoimagineasmellthoughitcanstimulateaseriesofemotionsand

memories.(有了视觉和

听觉，你可以想象所爱之人的脸或最喜欢的曲调。很难想象一种气味，尽管它能激发一系列的情绪和记忆。

)”以及第四段中“Ferreiraexplainsthisisduetothestructureoftheolfactory(嗅觉的)

system.(Ferreira解释说，

这是由于嗅觉系统的结构。)”等内容可知，Ferreira想在第三段说明嗅觉系统的复杂性。故选B项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段中“L’Oréal,aFrenchmultinationalpersonalcarecompany,haspartneredwith

neurotechnologycompanyEmotivtocreateascentchoice“experience”.During2023,shoppersat

certainstores

usedadevicetodiscoverwhichscentsappealedtothem.Resultssofarshowthat95%ofcustomerswho

usedthe

devicefoundtherightperfume.AnotherperfumefromGivenchy,aFrenchluxuryfashionandperfume

house,has

beenabestsellerforyears,whichincludesaspecialsubstancechosenafterbiometricresearch.(法国

跨国个人护理

公司欧莱雅与神经技术公司Emotiv合作，创造了一种气味选择‘体验’。2023年，某些商店的购物者使用

一种设备来发现哪些气味吸引了他们。到目前为止的结果显示，使用该设备的客户中有95%找到了合适的

香水。法国奢侈时尚和香水品牌纪梵希的另一款香水多年来一直是畅销品，其中包括一种经过生物识别研

究选择的特殊物质。)”可知，提到了香水品牌是为了展示神经技术的应用。故选A项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中KatiePuckrik所说“Leavethemagictotheartists.Whydoweneeda

computerto

telluswhatournosealreadyknows?Findinganewfavoritescentbychanceisararemomentof

graceweshould

allowourselves.(把神奇留给艺术家吧。为什么我们需要电脑来告诉我们鼻子已经知道的东西？偶然发现一种

新的喜欢的气味是我们应该允许自己享受的难得的优雅时刻。)”可知，KatiePuckrik对这项新技术的态度

是消极的。故选D项。

D

AstudybyTulaneUniversityrevealsthatfrequentillnessmayacceleratebrainagingandincrease

theriskof

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dementia(痴呆)orcognitivedecline.Thefindingshighlighttheimportanceofmaintaininggoodhealth

toprevent

infections,especiallyamongtheelderlyanddementia-proneindividuals.

Thestudyexaminedagingmalemiceandfoundthatrepeated,intermittentexperienceswithmoderate

inflammation(发炎),suchasthatcausedbythefluoraseasonalheadcold,causedimpairedcognition

and

disruptedcommunicationbetweenneuronsinthosemice.

“Wewereinterestedinaskingwhetherdifferencesininfectionexperiencecouldaccount,atleast

inpart,for

thedifferencesinratesofdementiaweseeinthepopulation,”saidleadauthorElizabethEngler-

Chiurazzi,PhD.

“Themicewewerestudyingwerehealthyadultsapproachingmiddleage,andyet,whenexposedto

intermittent

inflammation,theyrememberedlessandtheirneuronsfunctionedmorepoorly.”

Thisstudyisthefirsttomodelrepeated,intermittentinfectionsinmiceandexaminethelong-

term

consequencesforbrainfunctionandhealth.

Humansoftenexperienceinfectionsandinflammationatsubstantiallyhigherratesthanlaboratory

mice.But

giventhatimpairmentswereobservedinmiceafteronlyfiveintermittentinflammatorytreatments,the

cognitive

changeinhumansmaybemoresevere.

“Ourmiceonlyexperiencedintermittentsickness-likeinflammationahandfuloftimes,sothe

factthatwe

observedimpairmentsatallwassurprising,”Engler-Chiurazzisaid.“Theeffectsweresubtle,but

that’swhyIfind

theseresultsmeaningful:inahuman,cognitiveimpairmentsfromasimilarnumberofinflammatory

experiences

mightnotbenoticeableintheirdailylivesbutcouldhaveaccumulativeeffectsthatnegatively

impacttheaging

brain.”

Thefindingsmayhaveimportantimplicationsforstandardofcarearoundhowinfectionsare

handledamong

theelderlyandthoseatriskfordementia.Goingforward,Engler-Chiurazzisaidmoreworkneedstobe

doneto

understandwhyinfectionsimpactthebrainandhowtomitigatethoseeffects.Inaddition,shehopes

follow-up

studieswillinvestigatewhetherweakerpopulationsfaceahigherburdenofneurologicaleffects.

“Thebiggest

takeawayfromthisresearch,inouropinion,istheimportanceofstayingashealthyandinfection-

freeaspossible,”

shesaid.

12.Theresearchersconductthestudyinorderto_________.

A.highlightthefrequentillnessisharmlesstohumanbeings.

B.identifywhethertherepeatedinflammationwillcauseimpairedcognition.

C.explaintheadultmalemicearemorelikelytohaveimpairedcognitivefunction.

D.showcognitiveimpairmentsfromafewinflammatoryexperiencesisnotnoticeable.

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13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?

A.Thebrainsofthesemicewereunaffectedbythedisease.

B.Theinfectionshavelittleeffectonimpactingtheagingbrain.

C.Humanswillsufferevenmoreseverecognitivedeclinebecauseofthefrequentillness.

D.Researchersusedtoexaminetheeffectsofrepeatedinfectionsonbrainfunctionandhealth.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”inParagraph7mean?

A.relieveB.strengthenC.promoteD.emphasize

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Thestandardofcarehasbeenrevealed.

B.Micewillsufferfromimpairedcognitionbyflu.

C.Wehumanbeingsshouldstayashealthyandinfection-freeaspossible.

D.Theconnectionbetweenfrequentillnessanddementiahasbeendiscovered.

【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。杜兰大学研究发现，频繁生病可能加速大脑老化，并增加患痴呆或认知衰退的

风险，以小鼠实验佐证，还提及研究意义与后续方向，强调保持健康防感染的重要性。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段““Wewereinterestedinaskingwhetherdifferencesininfectionexperience

could

account,atleastinpart,forthedifferencesinratesofdementiaweseeinthepopulation,”said

leadauthor

ElizabethEngler-Chiurazzi,PhD.“Themicewewerestudyingwerehealthyadultsapproachingmiddle

age,and

yet,whenexposedtointermittentinflammation,theyrememberedlessandtheirneuronsfunctionedmore

poorly.”

(该研究的主要作者伊丽莎白·恩格勒-基乌拉齐博士表示：“我们感兴趣的是，感染经历的差异是否能至

少在一定程度上解释我们在人群中观察到的痴呆症发病率差异。我们研究的小鼠是接近中年的健康成年鼠，

但当它们接触间歇性炎症时，记忆力会下降，神经元功能也会变差。”)”可知，研究人员开展研究是为了确

认反复炎症是否会导致认知障碍。故选B项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段“Humansoftenexperienceinfectionsandinflammationatsubstantiallyhigher

rates

thanlaboratorymice.Butgiventhatimpairmentswereobservedinmiceafteronlyfiveintermittent

inflammatory

treatments,thecognitivechangeinhumansmaybemoresevere.(人类经历感染和炎症的频率通常远高于实验

室小鼠。但鉴于仅经过五次间歇性炎症处理后，小鼠就出现了损伤，人类的认知变化可能会更严重)”可推

第11页/共23页

断，由于人类生病更频繁，因此会因频繁生病遭受更严重的认知衰退。故选C项。

【14题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第七段中“Goingforward,Engler-Chiurazzisaidmoreworkneedstobedoneto

understand

whyinfectionsimpactthebrainandhowtomitigatethoseeffects.(恩格勒-基乌拉齐表示，未来需要开

展更多

研究，以了解感染为何会影响大脑，以及如何mitigate这些影响)”可知，“thoseeffects”指“感染对大脑的

不良影响”，结合“了解原因”和科研逻辑，后续应是研究“减轻”影响的方法，故mitigate意为“减轻”

，与A项“relieve(缓解，减轻)”语义一致。故选A项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“AstudybyTulaneUniversityrevealsthatfrequentillnessmayaccelerate

brainaging

andincreasetheriskofdementia(痴呆)orcognitivedecline.(杜兰大学研究发现，频繁生病可能加速大

脑老化，

并增加患痴呆或认知衰退的风险)”以及后文围绕该研究的对象（小鼠）、过程、结果及启示展开可知，文章

主要讲频繁生病与痴呆症的关联。故选D项。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多全选项。

Thestudentsyndrome(综合症)isaphenomenonwherealargenumberofstudentsputoffdoing

thingsuntil

rightbeforethedeadline(最后期限).____16____Sinceitinvolvesunnecessarydelay,itusuallyleads

tonegative

resultsforthosewhodisplayit.Theywillfeelstressedandoverwhelmed,andthetaskseemstobe

neverfinished.

Toavoidthestudentsyndrome,youshouldfigureoutwhat’scausingyoutodelayinthefirst

place,andthen

usesometechniques.____17____

Breakyourtasksintosmallandmanageablesteps.Forexample,ifyouneedtowriteanarticle,

youcanstart

withsmallsteps,suchasfiguringoutthetitle,creatingaroughdescription,andfindingfive

appropriateacademic

sources.Keepitinmindthatiftheprojectinquestionislarge,thenyougenerallyshouldn’tworry

aboutfiguring

outallthestepstoitfromtheverybeginning.____18____Thenfindnewstepsasyoumakeprogress

alongthe

way.Thishelpsyouavoidfeelingupsetandgettingstuck.

____19____Forexample,ifyouhaveasingledeadlineforcompletingalargeresearchpaper,set

additional

deadlinesalongthewayforcompletingspecificpartsofit.Theseadditionaldeadlinestobemetwill

makethevery

largeresearchpapermoremanageableandlessfrightening.

Findyourproductivitycycles.People’sabilitytocompletecertaintasksisdifferentbasedona

greatmany

factorssuchasthetimeofday.Forexample,itmaybethecasethatyou’rebestabletoconcentrate

ondifficult

tasksearlyinthemorning,beforeyou’vestarteddealingwithemailsorminoradministrativeaspects

ofyourjob.

第12页/共23页

____20____

Followthesetechniquesandyouareunlikelytowaituntilthelastminute.

A.Establishspecificgoalsforyourself.

B.Setintermediate(中间的)deadlinesforyourself.

C.Theycanhelpyoutakeactioninatimelymanner.

D.Thisphenomenoncanbeconsideredtobeaformofdelay.

E.Youshouldtakethisintoaccountwhenschedulingyourwork.

F.Instead,startbyfindingthefirstfewstepsthatyouneedtotake.

G.Youshouldchangeyourenvironmenttomakeiteasierforyourselftogetstarted.

【答案】16.D17.C18.F19.B20.E

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了学生综合症以及避免学生综合症的一些技巧。

【16题详解】

上文“Thestudentsyndrome(综合症)isaphenomenonwherealargenumberofstudentsputoffdoing

things

untilrightbeforethedeadline(最后期限).(学生综合症是指很多学生把事情推迟到截止日期前才做的现象)”

解释了什么是学生综合症，结合下文“Sinceitinvolvesunnecessarydelay(因为它涉及到不必要的延迟)”可知，

空处应是提及学生综合症与延迟的关系，D项“这种现象可以被认为是延迟的一种形式”符合语境，故选D

。

【17题详解】

上文“Toavoidthestudentsyndrome,youshouldfigureoutwhat’scausingyoutodelayinthefirst

place,and

thenusesometechniques.(为了避免学生综合症，你应该首先弄清楚是什么原因导致你拖延，然后使用一些技

巧)”提到可以使用一些避免学生综合症的技巧，空处应是接着说这些技巧的作用，C项“它们可以帮助你

及时采取行动”符合语境，故选C。

【18题详解】

上文“Keepitinmindthatiftheprojectinquestionislarge,thenyougenerallyshouldn’twor