湖南省株洲市高三上学期教学质量统一检测（一模）英语试题

株洲市2026届高三年级教学质量统一检测英语（本试卷共8页，考试用时120分钟，全卷满分150分）注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证条形码在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上相应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例如：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Howwillthespeakersprobablygettothestadium?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Bysubway.2.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheman’srequest?A.Favorable.B.Uncertain.C.Critical.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inagallery.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inalibrary.4.HowmuchdidJackpayforthedictionary?A.$8.B.$14.C.$20.5.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Hewillstayup.B.Hewillgotosleep.C.Hewillhandinhishomework.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanoftendowithabrokenmobile?A.Keepitathome.B.Sellitforrecycling.C.Throwitaway.7.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Electronicwaste.B.Soilpollution.C.Arecyclingpany.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whattimewillthemeetingprobablystart?A.At2:15.B.At2:30.C.At3:00.9.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheclub?A.Itworksonpreservinganimals.B.Itcollectslocaldataforthegovernment.C.Itmakesvideosaboutendangeredanimals.10.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydofirstafterthemeeting?A.Seeafilm.B.Havesupper.C.Drinkcoffee.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhoisEric?A.Ahighschoolstudent.B.Auniversitygraduate.C.Acollegefreshman.12.Whydoesthewomanrefusetobuyacarnow?A.Thepriceofacarisnotreasonable.B.Thepetrolstationisfarfromhome.C.Regularlycheckingthecarisamust.13.Whatdoesthewomanexpecthersontoget?A.Afulltimejob.B.AstraightAreportcard.C.Thecarmembership.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.HowoftendoesHelenteachputerclasses?A.Everyday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.15.WhatdoesJanebegintodoaftertakingtheclasses?A.Updateherownblog.B.Downloadphonebillsonline.C.Keepelectronicmedicalrecords.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Employerandemployee.C.Hostandguest.17.HowcanHelenbenefitfromvolunteering?A.Hostalivebroadcast.B.Develophermunicationskills.CBeeheadofavoluntaryagency.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Wheredidthespeakervisitlastmonth?A.Ahightechlaborclub.B.Amodernfamilyrunfarm.C.Anadvancedvegetablegarden.19.Whatdoestheputersoftwaretheremainlycontrol?A.Thewateringsystem.B.Theplantgrowth.C.Thesoiltemperature.20.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttodointhefuture?A.Offerdifferenttypesofservices.B.Participateinskillbasedactivities.C.Learnmoremoderntechnologies.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAreYouControlledbyAdvertisements?Withadvertisementsallaroundus,fromadvertisementsonthetelevisiontosocialmediaapps,thefeararisesabouthowtheycaninfluenceourbehaviour.Often,thedesiretobuysomethingemergesonlybecauseithasaffectedourmindsthroughadvertisementsandmaynotbearealneedofours.Herearethreethingswecandotoresisttheurgetomakeanunnecessarypurchase.EducateOurselvesFirstlywehavetobeawareofmonlyusedemotionalandpsychologicalstrategies.Forexample,someadvertisementsmayfeaturefriendshavinganenjoyabletimeatacafeteria,makingusthinkthatgoingthereisagoodwaytohavefunwithfriends.Itappealstoourneedforhappinessandfun.AvoidEmotionalBuysWhenweeacrossanadvertisementforsomethingattractive,wemayfeelforcedtobuyitimmediately,especiallyifitisanonlinepurchasethatinvolvesaquickclickandacashlessdeal.However,it'scrucialtoresisttheurgetoactwithoutthinkingcarefully.QuestiontheMessageepistoassesswhethertheadvertisement'scoremessageisreasonable.Inthecafeteriaexample,wewouldneedtoquestionthemessagethateatingataparticularcafeteriawithfriendsisequaltohappiness.Whatisitabouttheplacethatmakesushappy?Ishavingfunwithfriendstheretheonlywaytogainhappiness?Wewillthenbeforcedtodistinguishbetweenfactsandopinions.Itwouldbebesttogiveourselvessometimetoconsiderifwereallyneedtheitemorexperienceandifitiswisetospendourmoneyinthisway.Letusrememberthatadvertisersarewellawareofthewayourmindswork,andtheycaneasilymakeuspurchasewhatwemaylaterregretbuying.Alwaysstrivetoseethroughthesmokescreenbyfollowingthesethreesteps.1.Whatstrategyismainlyadoptedinadvertisements?A.Offeringalotoftesters. B.Appealingtoconsumers’feelings.C.Providingproductintroductions. D.Focusingonthequalityofproducts.2.Howcanconsumersassesstheadvertisement’scoremessage?A.Byinterviewingotherconsumers. B.Bydistinguishingreasonsandresults.C.Byparingdifferentadvertisements. D.Byquestioningitbasedonpersonalneeds.3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttopreventemotionalbuys?A.Purchasingmoreonline. B.Usingcashlesspayment.C.Thinkinglongerbeforeadeal. D.Enquiringaboutadvertisers’minds.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了广告无处不在的现状，以及它们如何通过影响我们的心理来催生不必要的购买欲，并提出了三种抵制这种冲动的方法：认清广告策略、质疑广告信息、避免情绪化购买。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“Firstly,wehavetobeawareofmonlyusedemotionalandpsychologicalstrategies.Forexample,someadvertisementsmayfeatureapersonhavinganenjoyabletimeatacafeteria,suggestingusthatgoingthereisagoodwaytohavefunwithfriends.Itappealstoourneedforhappinessandfun.(首先，我们必须了解广告常用的情感和心理策略。例如，一些广告会展示一个人在自助餐厅愉快用餐的场景，暗示我们去那里是和朋友玩乐的好方式。这迎合了我们对快乐和乐趣的需求)”可知，广告的主要策略是迎合消费者的情感需求。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“happiness...esswhethertheadvertisement’scoremessageisreasonable.Inthecafeteriaexample,wewouldneedtoquestionthemessagethateatingataparticularcafeteriawithfriendsisequaltohappiness...Wewillthenbeforcedtodistinguishbetweenfactsandopinions.(下一步是评估广告的核心信息是否合理。在自助餐厅的例子中，我们需要质疑‘和朋友在特定自助餐厅吃饭就等于幸福’这一说法……这会迫使我们区分事实与观点)”可知，消费者需要基于个人需求去质疑广告信息，以此来评估其合理性。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“Whenweimmediately...vertisementforsomethingattractive,wemayfeelforcedtobuyitimmediately...However,it’scrucialtoresisttheurgetoactwithoutthinkingcarefully.(当我们看到吸引人的广告时，可能会冲动购买……但关键是要抵制未经深思熟虑就行动的冲动)”以及最后一段“Itwouldbebesttogiveourselvessometimetoconsiderifwereallyneedtheitemorexperienceandifitiswisetospendourmoneyinthisway.(最好给自己一些时间，考虑我们是否真的需要该商品或体验，以及这样花钱是否明智)”可知，作者建议在交易前多思考一段时间来避免情绪化购买。故选C。BMartyBryce,achildofIrishimmigrants(移民),wasthefirstpersoninhisfamilytograduatefromuniversity.Bryce,whoisnow55andlivesinPhiladelphia,becamealawyerrepresentinglargefinancialinstitutions.After33years,however,Brycegrewfrustratedwithwhathewasdoing.Hiscasesinvolvedendlessandseeminglypointlessfightingwithafocusjustaboutmoney.“IoftenfeltlikeIwaswastingmytime,”hesays.Thinkingaboutwhathemightdonext,herecalledparticularlyenjoyingthoseoccasionswhenhewasaguestlectureratlawschoolsandteachingyoungerstudents.Hethoughthecouldhaveagreaterimpactatahighschoollevelthanhewouldatacollegelevel.HestoppedpracticinglawinSeptember2025andstartedteachingatahighschoolthatsamemonth.Hisstudentshavebeenwelingandhelovestheirenthusiasmandtheirdesiretolearn.Manystudentsarecuriousaboutthelawandaskhowtheycanjointheprofession.Whatimpresseshimmostishowopenmindedhisstudentshavebeen.They’vebeenfarmorewillingtoconsideropposingpointsofviewthanmanyadults.Seeinghowtheydeveloporchallengeanissuehasbeenexciting.Providedthatheremainsingoodhealth,Bryceexpectstoworkinthisfielduntilheis70.Whilehehasn’tdiscoveredthefountainofyouth,beingaroundstudentsmakeshimfeelyearsyounger.Dealingwithteenagerscanbechallengingattimes,buthe’lltakethemoverabunchoflawyersandjudgesanyday.LikeBrycehimself,someofhisstudentsarechildrenofimmigrantsandhavethepotentialtoenterauniversity.Heisexcitedtobeabletosharetheideawiththemthatachildofimmigrantscanhaveacareerandsucceed.4.WhydidBrycegiveuphiscareerinlaw?A.Hefoundnochallengeinhisjob.B.Hegotabetterjobofferfromaschool.C.Hefacedfiercepetitionsinlaw.D.Hewasannoyedatmoneycenteredfights.5.WhatmadeBrycechoosetoteachatahighschool?A.Adesireforastrongerinfluence.B.Theflexibilityinworkinghours.C.Aformerexperienceasaguesthost.D.Thefailureofhandlinglegalcases.6.WhatisthestrongestimpressionBryce’sstudentsmadeonhim?A.Curiosityaboutlaw. B.Enthusiasmaboutlearning.C.Opennesstodifferentviews. D.Ambitiontobeelawyers.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutBryce?A.Hisfamilyopposeshischange. B.Heaimstoinspirestudents.C.Dealingwithhisstudentsiseasy. D.Heintendstoteachimmigrants.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了55岁的律师MartyBryce因厌倦了以金钱为核心、无意义的法律诉讼，放弃从事33年的法律工作，转而选择在高中任教的经历。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“After33years,however,Brycegrewfrustratedwithwhathewasdoing.Hiscasesinvolvedendlessandseeminglypointlessfightingwithafocusjustaboutmoney.IoftenfeltlikeIwaswastingmytime,hesays.(然而，33年后，Bryce对自己所做的工作感到沮丧。他接手的案件都是无休止且看似毫无意义的纷争，核心关注点却只有金钱。他说：我总觉得自己是在浪费时间)”可知，Bryce放弃法律职业的原因是，他对这些以金钱为核心的法律纷争感到厌烦，认为这份工作毫无意义。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thinkingaboutwhathemightdonext,herecalledparticularlyenjoyingthoseoccasionswhenhewasaguestlectureratlawschoolsandteachingyoungerstudents.Hethoughthecouldhaveagreaterimpactatahighschoollevelthanhewouldatacollegelevel.(在思考接下来可以做什么时，他想起自己特别喜欢在法学院担任客座讲师、教年轻学生的那些时光。他认为，在高中任教能比在大学任教产生更深远的影响)”可知，Bryce选择在高中教书，是因为他希望自己的付出能带来更强大的影响力，高中教学能实现这一想法。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whatimpresseshimmostishowopenmindedhisstudentshavebeen.They’vebeenfarmorewillingtoconsideropposingpointsofviewthanmanyadults.(让他印象最深刻的是他的学生们思想非常开明。比起很多成年人，学生们更愿意去思考和接纳不同的观点)”可知，Bryce的学生给他留下的最深刻的印象，是他们对不同观点的包容和接纳的心态。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“LikeBrycehimself,someofhisstudentsarechildrenofimmigrantsandhavethepotentialtoenterauniversity.Heisexcitedtobeabletosharetheideawiththemthatachildofimmigrantscanhaveacareerandsucceed.(和Bryce本人一样，他的一些学生也是移民子女，且有考上大学的潜力。他很庆幸能向这些学生传递一个理念：移民子女也能拥有自己的事业，也能取得成功)”可知，Bryce深知移民子女的成长不易，他主动向学生传递积极的理念，由此可推断他任教的一大目的是去激励学生，尤其是和自己有相似背景的移民子女。故选B。CThedawnchorusofbirdshasinspiredpoetsandnatureloversforthousandsofyears,butthereasonwhybirdsstartthedaythiswayisalastingmystery.Now,aseriesofexperimentsinzebrafinches(斑胸草雀)suggeststhatwhiledarknesspreventssinging,birdsbuildupastrongermotivationtosinginthenightthatcausesthemtoburstintosongatdawn.AnilKamathandhisteammembersstudiedlaboratoryraisedzebrafinchesincarefullycontrolledlightingconditionstocontrolthetimingoflightanddarkcycles.Theteamfirstpushedbackthetimeatwhichthefincheswereexposedtosuddenbrightlightto3hourslaterthantheactualdawn.Thebirdswereawakebutstayedsilentintheartificialdarkness,andwhenthelightseventuallydideon,thebirdssangmoreintenselythanusual.Whenthelightscameon3hoursearlierthantheactualdawn,thebirdsstillbrokeintoachorus,butwithoutthesameintensityaswhentheywereforcedtowait.“Inotherwords,thelongertheperiodoftimebetweenwhenthebirdswakeupandwhenthelightbeginsis,themoreintensethechorusbees,”Kamathsays.Theteamalsoanalysedthebirds’songstoseehowthesechangedoverthecourseoftheday.Theyfoundtherewererapidshiftsinthestructureofthesongsinthefirsthourafterdawn,paredwiththesecondhour.“Duetotheabsenceofsingingduringthenight,thevocalmotorsystemandsongacousticstructuremayslightlybeeworse,andthedawnchorusservestoquicklyrestorethem,”saysKamath.Whilethisstudyonlylooksatonespecies,similardriversmayapplytootherbirdspecies.ButKamathurgescaution.“Therearemanydifferencesbetweenspeciesinhowandwhentheysinginthedawnchorus,”hesays,“andthisexplainswhy11differenttheorieshavebeenproposedtounderstandthephenomenon.”Kamathadvisesbroadeningtherangeofspeciestobestudiedinthefuture.8.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheexperiment?A.Byadjustinglightexposuretime.B.Byrecordingbirdsacrossseasons.C.Bytrainingthebirdstosingontime.D.Bychangingthebirds’livingspace.9.WhatdoesKamath’steamfindaboutzebrafinches?A.Theirsongsarerelativelystable.B.Darknessholdsbacktheirsingingdesire.C.Theirwakingtimeaffectschorusintensity.D.Nightsingingisgoodfortheirvocalsystem.10.WhatisKamath’ssuggestionabout?A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods.B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers.D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefor?A.HowLightAffectsBirds’RoutineB.TheoriesabouttheDawnChorusC.ZebraFinches:AModelforBirdStudiesD.WhyBirdsBurstintoSongatDawn【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项针对斑胸草雀的实验研究发现，黑暗抑制鸟类鸣唱但会积累其鸣唱动机，导致它们在黎明时更强烈地歌唱，且鸣唱结构在黎明后迅速恢复。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AnilKamathandhisteammembersstudiedlaboratoryraisedzebrafinchesincarefullycontrolledlightingconditionstocontrolthetimingoflightanddarkcycles.Theteamfirstpushedbackthetimeatwhichthefincheswereexposedtosuddenbrightlightto3hourslaterthantheactualdawn.(AnilKamath及其团队成员在精心控制的光照条件下对实验室饲养的斑胸草雀进行了研究，以控制光照和黑暗周期的时间。该团队首先将斑胸草雀接触强光的时间推迟了3个小时，使其比实际日出时间晚3个小时。)”和“Whenthelightscameon3hoursearlierthantheactualdawn,thebirdsstillbrokeintoachorus,butwithoutthesameintensityaswhentheywereforcedtowait.(当灯光比实际天亮时间提前了3个小时亮起时，鸟儿们还是齐声鸣叫起来，但其声音的强度已不如被迫等待时那么强烈了。)”可知，研究人员通过调整光照时间来进行实验。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Kamath所说的话“Inotherwords,thelongertheperiodoftimebetweenwhenthebirdswakeupandwhenthelightbeginsis,themoreintensethechorusbees(换句话说，鸟儿醒来与光线开始之间的时间间隔越长，合唱就越强烈。)”可知，Kamath的团队发现斑胸草雀的醒来时间会影响合唱的强度。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Kamathadvisesbroadeningtherangeofspeciestobestudiedinthefuture.(Kamath建议未来扩大研究的物种范围)”可知，Kamath的建议是关于进一步研究的可能方向。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Thedawnchorusofbirdshasinspiredpoetsandnatureloversforthousandsofyears,butthereasonwhybirdsstartthedaythiswayisalastingmystery.(数千年来，鸟类的黎明合唱给诗人和自然爱好者带来了灵感，但鸟类以这种方式开始一天的原因是一个持久的谜。)”可知，文章首段提出鸟类晨鸣原因是个谜，后文通过实验探讨斑胸草雀在黑暗中积累鸣唱动机，并在黎明爆发性歌唱的原因，结尾指出需扩大研究以理解普遍现象。因此，D项“鸟类为何在黎明时分放声歌唱”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。DVegetablespacklotsofnutrients.Butourbodiesneedsomenutrientsthatcanbefoundonlyinanimalproducts,suchasmeat.Now,researchershavemadechangestothegenesinleavessothatplantscanmakesomeofthesenutrients.“Thismightonedayletworldwidevegetarians(素食者)relyonplantsforthefullrangeofnutrientstheirbodiesneed.”saysPengxiangFan,abiochemist,whoworksonthegoalatZhejiangUniversityinHangzhou.Toproducetheanimaltypenutrientsplantleavesneedenzymes(酶)theydon’tnormallyhave.Enzymesareproteinsthatspeedupchemicalreactionsinsidelivingthings.Inthiscase,theyneedenzymesthathelpturncertainaminoacids—thebuildingblocksofproteins—intonutrientsnormallyfoundonlyinmeat.Fanispartofateamthatputgeneticinstructionsformakingtheseanimalbasedenzymesintoabacterium,whichcantransportgenestoplants.Theteampreparemultiplesetsofgeneticinstructions.Thesetsdifferinwhichaminoacidsandnutrientstheycanmake.Bybiningthesetsindifferentways—likebiningLegoblockstobuilddifferentstructures—theinstructionswouldallowplantstomakedifferentnutrients.Whichnutrienttheleavesmakedependsonwhichgeneticinstructionstheyhavereceived.Puttingthegeneticinstructionsintoaleaftochangeitsgenestakesjustafewdays.That’salotfasterthanthetypicalapproachfortestinggeneticchangestoplants.Ifplantsaregrowninamindfulway,theyshouldhavefewerimpactsontheenvironmentthanthefarmingofanimalsdoes.Theplantsusedtotestthistechniquearen’tedibleatpresent.Fanhopestotryaddingsuchnutrientmakingenzymestocropsoneday.But,Fancautions,beforeusingthistechniqueinfruitsorvegetables,“weneedtobeverycarefultoensurethesafetyofvegetarians’diet.”Theplantsmightadapttothegenesinunexpectedways.Ideally,hesays,hisgroupcouldeupwithasetofinstructionsforeveryaminoacidandboostplantlevelsofthesenutrientsaswell.12.WhatisthepurposeofFan’sresearch?A.Tohelpbacteriasurvive. B.Tospeeduptheplant’sgrowth.C.Tomakeplantsproducemeatynutrients. D.Tofindnewenzymesinanimalproducts.13.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheenzymes?A.naturallyinplants. B.Theymatterinnutrientproduction.C.Theydelaychemicalreactions. D.Theytransformgenesintonutrients.14.WhatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningLegoblocksinparagraph3?A.Thedifficultyinputtinggeneticinstructions.B.Theparisonofvariousgeneticstructures.C.Theplexityofbuildinggeneticstructures.D.Thediversityofbininggeneticinstructions.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“edible”inparagraph5mean?A.Eatable. B.Accessible. C.Nutritious. D.Widespread.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了浙江大学的范鹏翔团队开展的一项基因研究，该研究通过对植物叶片的基因进行改造，让植物能合成原本仅存在于肉类等动物制品中的营养物质，既有望满足素食者的全面营养需求，还能降低对环境的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“But

ourbodiesneedsomenutrientsthatcanbefoundonlyinanimalproducts,suchasmeat.Now,researchershavemadechangestothegenesinleavessothatplantscanmakesomeofthesenutrients.Thismightonedayletworldwidevegetariansrelyonplantsforthefullrangeofnutrientstheirbodiesneed.saysPengxiangFan(但是我们的身体需要一些仅存在于肉类等动物制品中的营养物质，如今研究人员通过改造植物叶片的基因，让植物能合成这类营养物质。范鹏翔表示，这或许有一天能让全球的素食者仅依靠植物就能获取身体所需的全部营养)”可知，范鹏翔团队开展这项研究的目的，是让植物能够合成原本仅存在于肉类中的营养物质。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Toproducetheanimaltypenutrients,plantleavesneedenzymestheydon’tnormallyhave.Enzymesareproteinsthatspeedupchemicalreactionsinsidelivingthings.Inthiscase,theyneedenzymesthathelpturncertainaminoacids—thebuildingblocksofproteins—intonutrientsnormallyfoundonlyinmeat(植物叶片要合成动物类营养物质，需要其本身并不具备酶，酶是能加速生物体内化学反应的蛋白质，在这项研究中，植物需要这类酶将特定氨基酸转化为原本仅存在于肉类中的营养物质)”可知，酶是植物合成这类特殊营养物质的关键，没有对应的酶，该转化过程就无法完成，由此可推断酶在营养物质的合成过程中起着至关重要的作用。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theteampreparemultiplesetsofgeneticinstructions.Thesetsdifferinwhichaminoacidsandnutrientstheycanmake.Bybiningthesetsindifferentways—likebiningLegoblockstobuilddifferentstructures—theinstructionswouldallowplantstomakedifferentnutrients(该团队准备了多套基因指令，每套指令合成的氨基酸和营养物质各不相同，通过不同的方式组合这些指令，就像拼接乐高积木搭建出不同的造型一样，能让植物合成不同的营养物质)”可知，作者将组合基因指令比作拼接乐高积木，是为了形象地说明基因指令的组合方式具有多样性，不同的组合方式能实现不同的营养合成效果。故选D。【15题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段“Theplantsusedtotestthistechniquearen’tedibleatpresent.Fanhopestotryaddingsuchnutrientmakingenzymestocropsoneday(目前用于测试这项技术的植物还并非edible，范希望未来能尝试将这种合成营养物质的酶植入农作物中)”，结合后文提及该技术应用于果蔬前需保障饮食安全可知，现阶段试验用的植物还不能直接用于食用，而研究的后续方向是将技术应用于可食用的农作物，由此可推断“edible”的意思是“可食用的”。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。ThefirstwritingwasinventedinBabylonmorethan5,000yearsago.___16___Soonafter,peoplecutreeds(芦苇)tomakedippenstousewithink.Around2,500yearsago,peoplestartedusingthefeatherforwriting.Nooneknowsexactlywhofirsthadtheidea.___17___Theywerethemainwritingtooluntilmetalpensappeared.Infact,theword“pen”esfromtheLatinpenna,meaning“feather”.___18___Awritingfeatherhastobespeciallyprepared.Sohowdofeathersbeepens?Thefirststepistocollectahardfeather.Thentakeasharpknifeandcutthefeatherypartoff,leavingjustabaretube.Slicetheendoffatanangle.Atthesametime,useawireorlongneedletoclearthestuffinsidethestickofthefeather.___19___Youstillneedtocutasmallflatendacrossthepointedtipandcutashortslit(狭缝)intheend.Asyoupressthepointedtipdownonthepaper,theslitopensslightlytoletinkrundown.Finally,curvethesidesofthecutendandcuttheendtoasharppoint.Afreshfeatherpenis,therefore,readyforwords.Butusershavetocutthepenmanytimesaday,asthetipwearsdownduringwriting.___20___Theydon’tmind—theynaturallydroptheirfeathers,andgrownewonesifanyarepulledouttomakepens.A.Youcan’tjusttakeafeatheranddipitinink.B.Ittakesmanyyearstodevelopafeatherintoapen.C.Thefeatherisnaturallyemptyinsideforholdingink.D.ButfeatherpensbecameespeciallypopularinEurope.E.Thelaststepistodecidewhereyoucollectthefeathers.F.Peoplethereusedalittlesticktopressshapesintosoftclay.G.Mostfeatherpensaremadefromthelargeflightfeathersofbirds.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了羽毛笔的历史起源、制作工艺及其与鸟类羽毛的自然关系。【16题详解】前文“ThefirstwritingwasinventedinBabylonmorethan5,000yearsago.(最早的书写方式是在约5000年前的巴比伦发明的。)”提到最早的书写方式发明的时间，后文“Soonafter,peoplecutreeds(芦苇)tomakedippenstousewithink.(不久之后，人们就割取芦苇来制作蘸墨笔，以便与墨水一起使用。)”指出之后书写方式的发展，空处应说明当时使用的具体书写工具，因此F项“Peoplethereusedalittlesticktopressshapesintosoftclay.(那里的人们用小棍子在软黏土上按压出形状。)”符合语境，介绍巴比伦人的书写方式，承接前文，和后文形成时间顺序上的衔接。故选F。【17题详解】前文“Around2,500yearsago,peoplestartedusingthefeatherforwriting.Nooneknowsexactlywhofirsthadtheidea.(大约在2500年前，人们开始用羽毛来进行书写。没有人确切知道是谁最先产生了这个想法。)”提到人们开始用羽毛进行书写的背景，以及该想法源头不明，后文“Theywerethemainwritingtooluntilmetalpensappeared.(在金属钢笔出现之前，它们一直是主要的书写工具。)”指出羽毛笔在一段时期内是主要的书写工具，空处需补充羽毛笔的流行情况，因此D项“ButfeatherpensbecameespeciallypopularinEurope.(但羽毛笔在欧洲变得特别流行。)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，引出后文的发展，其中的featherpens是后文They指代的对象。故选D。【18题详解】前文“Infact,theword“pen”esfromtheLatinpenna,meaning“feather”.(事实上，“pen”这个词源自拉丁语penna，其含义为“羽毛”。)”解释“pen”一词与羽毛相关，后文“Awritingfeatherhastobespeciallyprepared.(一支书写用的羽毛需要经过专门的处理。)”解释羽毛需特殊处理，空处应补充羽毛无法直接使用，因此A项“Youcan’tjusttakeafeatheranddipitinink.(你不能直接拿一根羽毛蘸墨水。)”符合语境，作为过渡句承前启后。故选A。【19题详解】前文“Atthesametime,useawireorlongneedletoclearthestuffinsidethestickofthefeather.(同时，用一根金属丝或长针将羽毛内部的杂物清理干净。)”描述清理羽毛内部这一步骤，后文“Youstillneedtocutasmallflatendacrossthepointedtipandcutashortslit(狭缝)intheend.Asyoupressthepointedtipdownonthepaper,theslitopensslightlytoletinkrundown.(你仍然需要在尖的一端切一个小的平的一端，在末端切一个短的缝。当你把笔尖按在纸上时，狭缝会微微打开，让墨水流下来。)”描述切出短缝以便流出墨水这一步骤，空处应解释羽毛结构特性，因此C项“Thefeatherisnaturallyemptyinsideforholdingink.(羽毛内部天然中空可储墨。)”符合语境，承接前文的清理，和后文的流出墨水形成因果联系。故选C。【20题详解】前文“Butusershavetocutthepenmanytimesaday,asthetipwearsdownduringwriting.(但由于笔尖在书写过程中磨损，使用者每天必须削笔多次。)”提到羽毛笔需频繁修剪笔尖，后文“Theydon’tmind—theynaturallydroptheirfeathers,andgrownewonesifanyarepulledouttomakepens.(它们并不在意——它们会自然地掉下羽毛，如果有羽毛被拔掉用于制作笔的话，还会重新长出新的羽毛。)”指出鸟类不介意落羽，空处应补充羽毛的来源，因此G项“Mostfeatherpensaremadefromthelargeflightfeathersofbirds.(大多数羽毛笔用鸟类的大型飞羽制成。)”符合语境，承接前文的频繁修剪笔尖，引出后文的脱落羽毛。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Wherearewegoing,Dad?”Helenaskedwhenputtingherdresson.Thedresswas___21___,butshecouldmanage.Shedidn’toftenspendtimewithherfatherthesedays.Hewasalways___22___tomakeenoughmoneytosupporttheirfamily.“We’llbegettingtherent.”Helen’sfatherstartedtheengine.SothatwaswhyhehadtimeforHelentoday.Beforetheeconomy___23___,whentheirfamily’sstorehadstillbeensuccessful,herfatherhad___24___twohousesandrentedthemasapartments.Helencouldn’t___25___wheretheirfamilywouldbewithoutthatrent.“But,Dad,ifyousoldthe___26___,we’dgetmoremoney.”Helensuggested.Herfathersmiledwithasigh.“Helen,we’dhavemuchmoneyafterthat,butwhatifwe___27___thatmoneyandthe___28___wasstillnotbetter?Andwherewouldourlodgers（租户）thatevenlackfoodmove?”Helen___29___.Thatmadesense.Theirfamilywas____30____fortunate,paredtothelodgersworriedaboutfoodoreven____31____.Therent,thoughlowandsometimeshardtoget,waswhatkeptthemgoingsothatallHelenhadtoworryaboutwashersmalldress.Herfather’s____32____wasbeingunderstandablebecausetheirlodgersneedn’t____33____topayforadifferentapartmentorforthe____34____tohelpthemgetthere.Helencametorealizethattheyhadbeengivensuch____35____duringthetimefortherent.21.A.tight B.fashionable C.floaty D.expensive22.A.volunteering B.working C.investigating D.peting23.A.expanded B.stabilized C.recovered D.contracted24.A.rented B.donated C.purchased D.emptied25.A.confirm B.imagine C.remend D.explain26.A.stores B.vehicles C.houses D.foods27.A.gaveaway B.ranoutof C.handedover D.madeuseof28.A.production B.environment C.munity D.economy29.A.hesitated B.argued C.nodded D.interrupted30.A.relatively B.occasionally C.hardly D.temporarily31.A.shelter B.healthcare C.transportation D.travel32.A.expectation B.demand C.promise D.decision33.A.struggle B.pretend C.consult D.apply34.A.gardeners B.movers C.operators D.engineers35.A.opportunity B.reputation C.responsibility D.observation【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.C27.B28.D29.C30.A31.A32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述海伦和父亲去收房租，她从中理解父亲不卖房、帮扶租户的善意与担当的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这条裙子有点紧，但她还能穿得上。A.tight紧身的；B.fashionable时尚的；C.floaty轻盈飘逸的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据下文“butshecouldmanage”的转折关系可知，裙子有点紧，“tight”表示“紧身的”符合语境。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他总是在忙着工作，好挣足够的钱养家糊口。A.volunteering自愿做；B.working工作；C.investigating调查；D.peting竞争。根据下文“tomakeenoughmoneytosupporttheirfamily”可知，父亲的状态是忙于工作赚钱。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在经济萎缩之前，他们家的商店生意还很红火，父亲购置了两套房子并把它们租出去当公寓。A.expanded扩张；B.stabilized稳定；C.recovered恢复；D.contracted收缩。根据下文“whentheirfamily’sstorehadstillbeensuccessful”可知，后来经济出现了衰退的情况。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在经济萎缩之前，他们家的商店生意还很红火，父亲购置了两套房子并把它们当公寓当租出去。A.rented租用；B.donated捐赠；C.purchased购买；D.empti