广东深圳市聚龙科学中学等学校2025-2026学年度第二学期高一第一阶段质量监测英语试题（解析版）

2025-2026学年度第二学期高一第一阶段质量监测英语试题满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上，并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分基础知识（共20小题，每题1分，共20分）单项选择请从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空格处的最佳选项。1.Whatmeasuresshouldweadoptforthespeciesthatareunderthethreatof_________?A.distinction B.competition C.extinction D.construction【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些濒临灭绝的物种，我们应该采取什么措施？A.distinction区别；B.competition竞争；C.extinction灭绝；D.construction建造。根据“thespecies”和“underthethreat”可知，此处指濒临灭绝的物种。故选C。2.IwouldliketopickAustraliaasmy_________whereIcanobservekangaroosclosely.A.intention B.profession C.destination D.ambition【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想选择澳大利亚作为我的目的地，在那里我可以近距离观察袋鼠。A.intention意图，打算；B.profession职业；C.destination目的地；D.ambition抱负，野心。根据“whereIcanobservekangaroosclosely”可知，可以近距离观察袋鼠是选择澳大利亚作为目的地的原因。故选C。3.Theteamgrabbeda_________wininthefinalsecondofthegame,sendingthefansintoafrenzy.A.emotional B.dramatic C.professional D.energetic【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这支队伍在比赛的最后一秒绝杀取胜，这场极具戏剧性的胜利让球迷们陷入了疯狂。A.emotional情感的；B.dramatic戏剧性的；C.professional专业的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据“inthefinalsecondofthegame”可知，最后一秒绝杀，这是戏剧性的胜利。故选B。4.Incontrasttocashpayments,usinga_________cardoffersgreaterconvenience.A.debit B.credit C.cash D.check【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与现金支付相比，使用信用卡会更加方便。A.debit借记；B.credit信用；C.cash现金；D.check支票。根据“Incontrasttocashpayments”可知，与现金支付对比的是信用卡支付，此处表示信用卡。故选B。5.Katewas________bythesightofthekongminglanterns________upintothesky.A.surprising;flying B.surprised;flying C.surprising;flown D.surprised;flown【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析和非谓语动词。句意：凯特看到孔明灯飞向天空的景象，感到十分惊讶。surprising令人惊讶的，描述事物的性质；surprised惊讶的，描述人的主观感受或心理活动。第一空作表语，描述Kate的感受，应用形容词surprised“惊讶的”；第二空作修饰thekongminglanterns的后置定语，fly“飞”和thekongminglanterns逻辑上是主动关系，因此用fly的现在分词形式。故选B。6.Psychologistsexplnhowyourwalkcan________yourhiddenpersonalitiesinarecentbehavioralstudy.A.reserve B.relieve C.release D.reveal【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理学家在最近的一项行为研究中解释了你的走路方式可以揭示你隐藏的性格。A.reserve保留；B.relieve解除；C.release释放；D.reveal揭示，透露。根据句意及后文“yourhiddenpersonalities”可知，走路方式可以揭示隐藏的性格。故选D项。7.Jackhashadno________experienceofthiskindofjob，buthegotthejobofferjustduetohishonesty.A.previous B.obvious C.cautious D.precious【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jack先前没有这项工作的工作经验，但是就因为他的诚实，他得到了这份工作。A.Previous先前的；B.obvious显然的；C.cautious小心的；D.precious宝贵的。根据题意，工作经验应该都是在以前的工作中积累的，previous符合句意。故选A。8.Themissionofthespaceprogrammenamedafterthestoryofabeautifulgirl________tothemoonistoestablishalunarstation.A.flooding B.floating C.flowing D.featuring【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这个太空计划是以美丽女孩登上月球的故事命名的，它的任务是建立一个月球站。A.flooding涌入；B.floating漂浮；C.flowing流淌；D.featureing特征。根据句意，此处意指登上月球的女孩，所以用float更准确且符合句意。故选B项。9.Theresultofthisstudyprovedthe________assumptionmadebythescientistmonthsagowastrue.A.practical B.precious C.potential D.previous【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项研究的结果证明了科学家几个月前的假设是正确的。A.practical实际的；B.precious宝贵的；C.potential可能的；D.previous以前的。根据后文“assumptionmadebythescientistmonthsagowastrue”可知，此处指之前提出的假设。故选D。10.Thetwinslooksomuchalikethatpeopleoften_________one_________theother.A.mistake...for… B.base...on… C.transform...into… D.see...as…【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这对双胞胎长得太像了，人们经常把一个错当成另一个。A.mistake…for…把……误认为，弄错；B.base…on…以……为基础；C.transform…into…把……转变成……；D.see…as…把……看作……。根据“Thetwinslooksomuchalike”可知，因为长得像所以人们经常弄错。故选A。11.Unfortunately,theoldtruck_________onthewaytotherport,andwemissedtheflight.A.pickedup B.turnedto C.cutoff D.brokedown【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：很不幸，那辆旧卡车在去机场的路上出故障了，我们错过了航班。A.pickedup捡起，接人；B.turnedto转向，求助于；C.cutoff中断，切断；D.brokedown出故障，抛锚。根据“wemissedtheflight”可知，那辆旧卡车出故障导致错过航班。故选D。12.Beforemakingadecision,wemust_________alltherelevantfactors_________toavoidmistakes.A.haveaneffectupon B.liveupto C.take...intoaccount D.resultin【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在做决定之前，我们必须把所有相关因素考虑在内，以避免犯错。A.haveaneffectupon对……产生影响；B.liveupto不辜负，达到；C.take…intoaccount把……考虑进去；D.resultin导致。根据“toavoidmistakes”可知，为了避免错误要考虑所有相关因素。故选C。13.Afteralongweekofwork,thekids_________gototheamusementparkthisweekend.A.areusedto B.fallinlovewith C.aredeterminedto D.can’twtto【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：工作了漫长的一周后，孩子们迫不及待地想这个周末去游乐园。A.areusedto习惯于；B.fallinlovewith爱上；C.aredeterminedto决心做；D.can’twtto迫不及待。根据“Afteralongweekofwork”可知，此处表示迫不及待去游乐园。故选D。14.Thesuspensefilmwassothrillingthattheaudienceremned_________fortheentiretwohours.A.infear B.ontheedgeoftheirseats C.fallingasleep D.pickingup【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和介词短语辨析。句意：这部悬疑片太扣人心弦了，观众整整两个小时都看得非常紧张。A.infear害怕地；B.ontheedgeoftheirseats紧张；C.fallingasleep睡着；D.pickingup捡起。根据“Thesuspensefilmwassothrilling”可知，此处表示很紧张。故选B。15.Theprofessortriedto_________hispoint_________tothestudentsbyusingsimpleexamples.A.get…across… B.transform…into… C.base…on… D.mistake…for…【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位教授试图用简单的例子把他的观点向学生讲清楚、让学生理解。A.get…across…使……被理解……；B.transform…into…把……转变成……；C.base…on…以……为基础；D.mistake…for…把……错当成……。根据“byusingsimpleexamples”可知，使用简单的例子使为了让学生理解自己的观点。故选A。16.Thehighlyanticipatedmoviefledto_________theaudience’sexpectationsandreceivedmixedreviews.A.resultin B.makeanimpacton C.keepintouch D.liveupto【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这部备受期待的电影没能达到观众的期望，收到了褒贬不一的评价。A.resultin导致；B.makeanimpacton对……产生影响；C.keepintouch保持联系；D.liveupto不辜负，达到。根据“receivedmixedreviews”可知，电影没能达到观众的期望。故选D。17.Papercutting,________overcenturiesinChina,istime-honoredandhasaglorioushistory.A.havingdeveloped B.beingdeveloped C.developed D.todevelop【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：剪纸在中国已经发展了几个世纪，历史悠久，有着辉煌的历史。句中已有谓语动词，空处应用非谓语动词形式，develop与其逻辑主语Papercutting之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作定语，且结合时间状语overcenturies可知，该动作发生在谓语动词之前，应用现在分词的完成式havingdone。故填havingdeveloped。18.Thehall,_________200meterslongand100meterswide,requires_________towelcomethearrivalofthenewpresident.A.measuring;beingdecorated B.measured;todecorate C.measuring;decorating D.measured;tobedecorated【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座长200米、宽100米的大厅需要装修，以迎接新总统的到来。第一空，measure表示“（物体）长度/宽度为……”时，无被动语态，所以用现在分词measuring作后置定语；第二空，requiredoing=requiretobedone，表示“需要被……”，主动形式表被动。故选C。19.______backtotheQingDynasty,theancientbridge______atpresentwillbeputintousenextmonth.A.Dated;repred B.Dating;repredC.Dated;beingrepred D.Dating;beingrepred【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：追溯到清朝，目前正在修复的这座古桥将于下个月投入使用。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处datebackto作状语，与主语theancientbridge

之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词doing作状语；空2：此处作定语，修饰theancientbridge

，theancientbridge

与repr之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语可知，此处应用beingdone作定语。故选D。20.ItooktheplaceofPeterastheteamleader,forhehadhadhisfoot______duringthesoccertrning.A.injured B.toinjure C.injuring D.havinginjured【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我代替彼得当队长，因为他在足球训练中脚伤了。分析句式结构可知，此处是have+宾语+宾补，又因为injure和宾语foot之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词作宾补。故选A项。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AQataroffersadiversemixofattractions,frompeacefulnaturespotstolivelycitycenters.Whetheryou’reseekinghistory,adventure,orrelaxation,thesefourdestinationsprovidesomethingforeveryone,makingQataramust-visitdestinationintheMiddleEast.PurpleIslandLocatednearAlKhor,PurpleIslandisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty,wildlife,andhistoricalsignificance.Theislandoffersopportunitiestoobservevariousspeciesintheirnaturalhabitats.Visitorscanenjoypeacefulsurroundingsandcampingopportunities,perfectforreconnectingwithnatureawayfromthebusycities.AdventureParkTheAdventureParkislocatedattheheartofSalwabeachresort,situatedinthesouthernregionofQatarneartheSaudiArabianborder.Itoffersover25rides,includingspeedywaterslides.Perfectforextremesportslovers,theparkprovidesahigh-energyexperienceinadynamicsetting.QatarNationalLibraryTheQatarNationalLibrary,designedbyRemKoolhaas,featuresbothcutting-edgearchitectureandtraditionalculturalheritage.Thisinstitutionprovidesawelcomingacademicsettingwithitsspaciouslayout,interconnectedbookcases,anduniqueuseofdaylight,allofwhichcreateanatmosphereforknowledgeacquisition.MsheirebDowntownMsheirebDowntownDohaisasustnableurbandevelopmentcombiningmodern-designedbuildingswithtraditionalQatariarchitecture.Italsohasspecialtyshops,outdoordiningoptions,artcenters,entertnmentvenuesandfourhotels:MandarinOrientalDoha,AlWadiHotelMGallery,ParkHyattHotel,andaBoutiqueHotel.21.Whichplacemayattractanimallovers?A.PurpleIsland. B.AdventurePark. C.MsheirebDowntown. D.QatarNationalLibrary.22.WhatcanvisitorsenjoyattheAdventurePark?A.Heart-racingslides. B.Excitinghorseriding. C.Deep-seaexploration. D.Relaxingnaturewalks.23.HowisQatarNationalLibrarydifferentfromtheotherdestinations?A.Itpromoteslocalart. B.Itfocusesoneducation.C.Itintegratespastandpresent. D.Itpreserveshistoricalheritage.【答案】21.A22.A23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了卡塔尔的四个各具特色的旅游目的地，包括它们各自的位置、特色及能提供的游玩体验等内容，旨在向读者展示卡塔尔丰富多样的旅游资源。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据PurpleIsland中“LocatednearAlKhor,PurpleIslandisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty,wildlife,andhistoricalsignificance.Theislandoffersopportunitiestoobservevariousspeciesintheirnaturalhabitats.(位于AlKhor附近，以其自然美景、野生动植物和历史意义而闻名。该岛提供了观察各种物种自然栖息地的机会)”可知，PurpleIsland以其自然美景和野生动植物而闻名，为游客提供了观察各种物种的机会。由此可知，这个地方会吸引动物爱好者。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据AdventurePark中“TheAdventureParkislocatedattheheartofSalwabeachresort,situatedinthesouthernregionofQatarneartheSaudiArabianborder.Itoffersover25rides,includingspeedywaterslides.(AdventurePark位于卡塔尔南部Salwa海滩度假区的中心，靠近沙特阿拉伯边境。它提供超过25种游乐设施，包括快速滑水道)”可知，AdventurePark提供了包括快速滑水道在内的多种游乐设施，因此游客可以在这里享受心跳加速的滑水道。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据QatarNationalLibrary中“TheQatarNationalLibrary,designedbyRemKoolhaas,featuresbothcutting-edgearchitectureandtraditionalculturalheritage.Thisinstitutionprovidesawelcomingacademicsettingwithitsspaciouslayout,interconnectedbookcases,anduniqueuseofdaylight,allofwhichcreateanatmosphereforknowledgeacquisition.(卡塔尔国家图书馆由雷姆·库哈斯设计，融合了尖端建筑和传统文化遗产。该机构以其宽敞的布局、相互连接的书架和对日光的独特利用，提供了一个受欢迎的学术环境，所有这些都为知识的获取创造了氛围)”可知，卡塔尔国家图书馆不仅拥有现代化的建筑设计，还注重教育和学术氛围的营造，与其他以自然风光或冒险活动为主的旅游目的地不同，它更侧重于教育和学术方面。由此可知，卡塔尔国家图书馆与其他目的地的不同之处在于它注重教育。故选B。B“Thearrowshotissostrghtthatithitsthebull’seye.Theyoungpeoplewillhavegoodluck…”Dargyesangasheworkedonhishandmadebag.Dargye,56,anartistwhoexcelsattraditionalcraftsmanship(技艺)andTibetanfolkmusicinDrinbavillageinDragyibdistrict,Nyingchi,Xizangautonomousregion,remembersmanyfolksongshelearnedfromhisfatheranduncle.Now,it’shisturntopassthemon.“IhavelikedtraditionalsongsanddancessinceIwasachild,”sdDargye,whohasfourapprentices(学徒).“Thesongstellthehistoriesofourancestorsandcarryouruniqueculture,andit’salwaysalotoffuntoperformthesetraditionalsongsanddancesatvariousgatherings.”Thesongtopicsvaryfromarchery,love,tolaborandprsefortheland.Inadditiontoteachingthesesongstohisfamilymembersandapprentices,healsousessocialmediaplatformssuchasWeChattoteachsongs.Hisdaughter,ChokButri,alsoadmiresthefolkculture.Afterpostingavideoofherdaughter,TseringKyi,dancingonDouyin,shegnedalotofnewfansonthepopularshort-videoplatform.“Wearemodernpeoplelivinginamodernera,soit’simportantandourresponsibilitythatweusemoderntoolstopassonourtraditionalculturetomakeitlastforever.”sdChokButri,addingthatsheoftenpostssongsanddancesonWeChatandDouyin.Dargyeandhisfellowvillagersalsorecreatesongs,addingmodernelementssuchasrcraftandtrnstothelyrics.Besidessinginganddancing,DargyemakeshandicraftsdecoratedwithTibetanculturalelements,includingvarioushideandhrropes,bagsmadeofleatherandcloth,andknifesheaths.Thelocalgovernmentencouragesvillagerstoinherit(继承)anddevelopfolksongsandotherformsoftraditionalculture.Dargye’seffortstopreservefolkculturehavebeenacknowledgedbythegovernment.In2014,hewaschosenasacounty-levelintangible(无形的)culturalinheritorandreceivesfundseveryyear.24.WhydoesDargyewanttopassthecultureon?A.Hewantstosatisfyhisinterest. B.Hewantstolearnfromtheseniors.C.Hewantstobringpeoplefun. D.Hewantstoinheritanddevelopit.25.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofmentioningDargye’sdaughter?A.ToshowDargye’sinfluenceonher. B.Toshowfolkmusic’seffectonher.C.Tostressthebenefitofmoderntools. D.Tostressthepopularityoffolkculture.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDargye?A.Ambitiousandhonest. B.Talentedandcurious.C.Devotedandcreative. D.Generousanddetermined.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Alleffortstoprotectculturearerewarded B.AcraftsmaninheritssongstoprotectcultureC.Anartistpreferstraditionalsongsanddances D.Tibetancultureisbeingprotectedandpassedon【答案】24.D25.A26.C27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一名擅长传统工艺和藏族民间音乐的艺术家Dargye通过传承藏族歌曲保护民族文化的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Dargye,56,anartistwhoexcelsattraditionalcraftsmanship(技艺)andTibetanfolkmusicinDrinbavillageinDragyibdistrict,Nyingchi,Xizangautonomousregion,remembersmanyfolksongshelearnedfromhisfatheranduncle.Now,it’shisturntopassthemon.(现年56岁的Dargye是西藏自治区林芝德拉吉区德林巴村的一名擅长传统工艺和藏族民间音乐的艺术家，他记得从父亲和叔叔那里学来的许多民歌。现在，轮到他把它们传递下去了)”可知，Dargye是想继承和发展这种文化。故选D项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Hisdaughter,ChokButri,alsoadmiresthefolkculture.Afterpostingavideoofherdaughter,TseringKyi,dancingonDouyin,shegnedalotofnewfansonthepopularshort-videoplatform.(他的女儿ChokButri也很欣赏民俗文化。她在抖音上发布了女儿TseringKyi跳舞的视频后，在这个流行的短视频平台上获得了许多新粉丝)”等内容可推知，作者提到Dargye的女儿的目的是为了显示Dargye对她的影响。故选A项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Dargye所说“IhavelikedtraditionalsongsanddancessinceIwasachild.(我从小就喜欢传统歌舞)”和“Thesongstellthehistoriesofourancestorsandcarryouruniqueculture,andit’salwaysalotoffuntoperformthesetraditionalsongsanddancesatvariousgatherings.(这些歌曲讲述了我们祖先的历史，承载了我们独特的文化，在各种聚会上表演这些传统歌曲和舞蹈总是很有趣)”可推知，Dargye热忠于自己的民族文化；根据倒数第二段中“Dargyeandhisfellowvillagersalsorecreatesongs,addingmodernelementssuchasrcraftandtrnstothelyrics.(Dargye和他的村民们还重新创作歌曲，在歌词中加入了飞机和火车等现代元素)”可推知，他有创造力。故选C项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段“Dargye,56,anartistwhoexcelsattraditionalcraftsmanship(技艺)andTibetanfolkmusicinDrinbavillageinDragyibdistrict,Nyingchi,Xizangautonomousregion,remembersmanyfolksongshelearnedfromhisfatheranduncle.Now,it’shisturntopassthemon.(现年56岁的Dargye是西藏自治区林芝德拉吉区德林巴村的一名擅长传统工艺和藏族民间音乐的艺术家，他记得从父亲和叔叔那里学来的许多民歌。现在，轮到他把它们传递下去了)”和最后一段中“Thelocalgovernmentencouragesvillagerstoinherit(继承)anddevelopfolksongsandotherformsoftraditionalculture.(当地政府鼓励村民继承和发展民歌等传统文化)”可知，本文讲述了一名擅长传统工艺和藏族民间音乐的艺术家Dargye通过传承藏族歌曲保护民族文化的故事。由此可知，B“工匠通过传承歌曲来保护文化”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B项。CMorethanhalfofAmericanshavefelttheinfluence(影响)ofextremeheatonhealth,accordingtoasurvey.ThatpercentageisevenhigherinCalifornia,whereheatisthetopproblem,reportedby71%ofthosesurveyed.“Californiadoeshavelowlevelsofrconditioninginhomes,maybebecauseithascoolwindinmanyparts,butwhenanextremeheateventcomesandthere’snocoolravlable,youareintrouble,”sdDavidEisenman,ahealthresearcher.“Soyouareseeingthishighernumber.”LuzRivasfromLosAngelesgrewupinahomewithoutrconditioning.“Familieslikeminehavesufferedfromheatforyears,”sdRivas.Onhotdays,hermotherusedtotakehertothemalltocooldown.“Nowthattheseheatwavesaregettinglonger,methodsusedinthepastaren’tgoingtoworkaswell,”Rivasadded.TheCaliforniaEnvironmentProtectionAgencywillcreateaheatwaveranking(热浪排名)systemtogivepublicwarnings.It’ssupposedtohelpthepublic,especiallythoseoutdoorworkers,knowtheseriousnessoftheheatwaveandthenlearnwhattheyshoulddo.Theideaisbackedup(支持)widely.Manyhealthresearcherspointoutthehealthrisksofheatareworseforoutdoorworkers,sayingthatinsummer,there’san8%increaseindeathsonthehottestdays.LawmakersofCaliforniaarealsoconsideringmakingindoorcoolingahousingright.ItcanespeciallyhelprenterslikeMinervaContreras,amotheroftwolivingnearBakersfield.Herneighbourhoodhasseenmanydayswithtemperaturesover100degreesFahrenheit.“It’sverydifficultbecauseit’slikenotbeingabletobreathe,”sdContreras.Indoorcoolingstandardsarevaluedbyrentersbutmayfaceaseriousfight,andmanyhouseownersthinkthestandardsfltoconsiderthevarietyofclimatesinthestate.Fornow,thecostofkeepingcoolforrentersmostlyfallsonthem.Contrerasdoesn’tholdmuchhopethatCaliforniawillpasscoolingstandards,saying,“ButIwouldlikeitverymuch.”28.WhatcanwelearnaboutCalifornians?A.Theyaremoreaffectedbyhotweather.B.Theycanbemoreadaptedtohotweather.C.Theyaremoreconcernedabouttheirhealth.D.Theyalwayshaveabiggerdemandforrconditioning.29.HowisthemethodofcoolingdowninthemallaccordingtoRivasinparagraph2?A.Itisamarketingstrategy.B.Itisworthyofatry.C.Itisnotasusefulasbefore.D.Ithasgnedpopularity.30.Whydoestheauthormentiontheincreaseofdeathsonhotdays?A.Tohavepityonoutdoorworkers.B.Toprovethenecessityofthesystem.C.Totelloutdoorworkerstoworkharder.D.Towarnpeopletofightagnsttheheatoutside.31.WhatdoesContrerasthinkofpassingindoorcoolingstandards?A.Amusing. B.Challenging.C.Shocking. D.Puzzling.【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国加利福尼亚州受高温影响大，介绍了应对高温的措施及面临的问题。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ThatpercentageisevenhigherinCalifornia,whereheatisthetopproblem,reportedby71%ofthosesurveyed.(在加州，这一比例甚至更高，71%的受访者表示，高温是首要问题)”可知，加利福尼亚人受炎热天气的影响更大。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Onhotdays,hermotherusedtotakehertothemalltocooldown.“Nowthattheseheatwavesaregettinglonger,methodsusedinthepastaren’tgoingtoworkaswell,”Rivasadded.(在炎热的日子里，她母亲过去常带她去商场乘凉。‘现在热浪越来越长，过去的方法不再那么有效了，”里瓦斯补充道)”可知，Rivas认为，在商场降温的方法不如以前有用了。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“TheCaliforniaEnvironmentProtectionAgencywillcreateaheatwaveranking(热浪排名)systemtogivepublicwarnings.It’ssupposedtohelpthepublic,especiallythoseoutdoorworkers,knowtheseriousnessoftheheatwaveandthenlearnwhattheyshoulddo.Theideaisbackedup(支持)widely.Manyhealthresearcherspointoutthehealthrisksofheatareworseforoutdoorworkers,sayingthatinsummer,there’san8%increaseindeathsonthehottestdays.(加州环境保护局将建立一个热浪排名系统，向公众发出警告。它应该帮助公众，特别是那些户外工作者，了解热浪的严重性，然后了解他们应该做什么。这个想法得到了广泛的支持。许多健康研究人员指出，高温对户外工作者的健康风险更大，他们说，在夏季，最热的日子里死亡人数增加了8%)”可推知，作者提到最热日子死亡人数的增加是为了证明建立热浪排名系统的必要性。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Indoorcoolingstandardsarevaluedbyrentersbutmayfaceaseriousfight,andmanyhouseownersthinkthestandardsfltoconsiderthevarietyofclimatesinthestate.Fornow,thecostofkeepingcoolforrentersmostlyfallsonthem.Contrerasdoesn’tholdmuchhopethatCaliforniawillpasscoolingstandards,saying,“ButIwouldlikeitverymuch.”(室内制冷标准受到租户的重视，但可能面临激烈的斗争，许多房主认为这些标准没有考虑到该州气候的多样性。目前，租户保持凉爽的费用主要由他们自己承担。Contreras对加州是否会通过制冷标准不抱太大希望，她说：‘但我非常希望如此。’)”可知，Contreras对加利福尼亚州通过室内降温标准不抱太大希望，因为室内降温标准受到租房者重视但可能面临激烈反对，许多房主认为该标准没有考虑到该州多样的气候情况，所以Contreras认为通过室内降温标准是具有挑战性的。故选B。DSmall-scalefisheriessupplymanypeoplewithfood.Almostallofthoseinthistraderelyongillnets(刺网)totrapfish.Butgillnetstrapotherthings,forexample,endangeredanimalssuchasturtles;dangerousones,suchasHumboldtsquid;andonesthatarebothendangeredanddangerous,suchasseveraltypesofsharks.Everyoneinvolvedwouldbebetteroffifthisdidnothappen.Buildingonstudiesdonebothbyhimselfandbyothers,totrytoavoidtheaccidentalnettingofturtles,JesseSenko,amarine-conservationbiologistatArizonaStateUniversity,hasbeeninvestigatingtheideaoffittingLEDstonetstoavoidnettingotherunwantedby-catch(误捕的鱼)withoutdiscouragingtargetanimals.And,ashereportsinCurrentBiology,itseemstowork.Dr.SenkoandhisteamsetupanexperimentintheGulfofUlloa,inMexico,inwhichtheycooperatedwithlocalfishermentoemployover10,000metersofnetsthathadhadnetsbattery-poweredwaterproofgreenLEDsfixedontothemeverytenmeters.Halfoftheselightswerelit.Theotherhalfwereleftunlit,ascontrols.Eachlitnetwaspredwithanunlitone,andthetwowereusedalongsideoneanotheratmajorfishinglocations.Thefishers’targetfishwerelargegroupers(石斑鱼).Dr.Senkowasinterestedbothinwhatelsegotcaughtandwhetherthelightsdecreasedcatchesofthetargetspecies.Onthelatterpoint,tohisrelief,theydidnot.Ontheformer,thelitnetscaught95%fewerkilogramsofshark-relatedspecies.Inparticular,severalthreatenedspeciesturneduplessofteninthelitthantheunlitnets.Theadvantagefromthepointofviewoffishermenwasthattheyneededtospendalotlesstimeclearingthesedangerousby-catchesfromtheirnets.And,crucially,theLEDsconcernedarecheap,hard-wearing,andeasytofix.Therearealsoplanstomakethemsolarpowered,foreasyrecharging.Here,then,isanenvironmental-protectionideafromwhicheveryonewins.32.Whatistheproblemwithgillnets?A.Theyarecostlytomntn. B.Theytrapunwantedby-catches.C.Theydiscouragetargetcatches. D.Theyonlytrapdangerousspecies.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mnlytalkabout?A.Theprincipleoftheexperiment. B.Theresultsoftheexperiment.C.Thepurposeoftheexperiment D.Theprocessoftheexperiment.34.WhatcanbeinferredfromDr.Senko’sexperiment?A.FixingLEDstogillnetsisawin-winidea.B.Fishermenbenefitthemostfromtheidea.C.TheLit-netcatchesmorethreatenedspecies.D.TheLED-netjustcatcheslesstargetspecies.35.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetotheLEDs’idea?A.Critical. B.Unclear. C.Hopeful. D.Doubtful.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚利桑那州立大学的海洋保护生物学家JesseSenko在自己和他人的研究基础上，一直在研究将LEDs安装在渔网上的想法，以避免捕获其他不想要的副渔获物，同时又不会丧失目标动物。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butgillnetstrapotherthings,forexample,endangeredanimalssuchasturtles;dangerousones,suchasHumboldtsquid;andonesthatarebothendangeredanddangerous,suchasseveraltypesofsharks.(但是刺网可以捕获其他的东西，比如濒危动物，比如海龟；危险的，比如洪堡乌贼；还有一些既濒危又危险的动物，比如几种鲨鱼。)”及第二段中“Buildingonstudiesdonebothbyhimselfandbyothers,totrytoavoidtheaccidentalnettingofturtles,JesseSenko,amarine-conservationbiologistatArizonaStateUniversity,hasbeeninvestigatingtheideaoffittingLEDstonetstoavoidnettingotherunwantedby-catch(误捕的鱼)withoutdiscouragingtargetanimals.(为了避免意外捕获海龟，亚利桑那州立大学的海洋保护生物学家JesseSenko在自己和他人的研究基础上，一直在研究将LEDs安装在渔网上的想法，以避免捕获其他不想要的副渔获物，同时又不会丧失目标动物。)”可知，刺网的问题是会捕获到不需要的副渔获物。故选B项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Dr.SenkoandhisteamsetupanexperimentintheGulfofUlloa,inMexico,inwhichtheycooperatedwithlocalfishermentoemployover10,000metersofnetsthathadhadnetsbattery-poweredwaterproofgreenLEDsfixedontothemeverytenmeters.Halfoftheselightswerelit.Theotherhalfwereleftunlit,ascontrols.Eachlitnetwaspredwithanunlitone,andthetwowereusedalongsideoneanotheratmajorfishinglocations.(Senko博士和他的团队在墨西哥的乌洛亚湾进行了一项实验，他们与当地渔民合作，使用了超过1万米的渔网，每十米就有一个由电池供电的防水绿色led固定在渔网上。其中一半灯亮着，另一半不亮，作为对照组。每个点亮的网与一个未点亮的网配对，这两个网在主要的捕鱼地点一起使用。)”可知，本段主要讲述了实验的过程。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Ontheformer,thelitnetscaught95%fewerkilogramsofshark-relatedspecies.Inparticular,severalthreatenedspeciesturneduplessofteninthelitthantheunlitnets.(在前者，点燃的渔网捕获的鲨鱼相关物种减少了95%。特别是，一些受威胁的物种在有灯光的网中出现的次数比没有灯光的网少。)”和最后一段中“Theadvantagefromthepointofviewoffishermenwasthattheyneededtospendalotlesstimeclearingthesedangerousby-catchesfromtheirnets.(从渔民的角度来看，好处是他们需要花更少的时间从网中清除这些危险的副渔获物。)”可知，将LEDS固定在刺网上，既有效保护了濒危物种又有利于渔民，所以是一个双赢的主意。故选A项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Here,then,isanenvironmental-protectionideafromwhicheveryonewins.(因此，这是一个人人受益的环保理念。)”等内容可知，作者对LEDs的想法充满希望。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Musichasexistedsincethebeginningoftime.Peoplehavealwayssungsongs,dancedtomusic,andplayedmusicalinstrumentstogether.____36____,yetit’softentakenforgranted.Inthistext,we’llexplorewhymusicisimportantandhowitcanbeusedinvariouswaystohelpimproveourlives.Firstofall,musichasnobordersorboundaries(界线).____37____,soit’seasyforuswithourdifferencestofindcommonground.Besides,italsohelpsusunderstanddifferentculturesbetterbyexposing(让……接触)listenerstomusicfromothercountries.____38____.There’snothingquitelikeputtingonyourfavoritesongwhenyoufeelstressed.Studieshaveshownthatlisteningtomusiccanhelpreducestresslevels.Whenwelistentomusic,ourbrnreleases(释放)dopamine,whichhelpscontrolourmood.What’smore,ithasbeenproventhatmusicplaysakeyroleinbrndevelopment.Thisisbecauseithelpswiththedevelopmentoflanguage,motorskills,andemotionalintelligence.____39____.It’sbeenfoundthatmusiccanhelpyourememberthingsbetterbyconnectingthemwithfamiliarormeaningfulpiecesofmusic.There’snothingworsethanbeingnervousbeforeabigeventorperformance.____40____.Luckilyforus,listeningtomusiccanhelpuswiththattoo.Asmentionedearlier,musiccanbegreatathelpingyourelax,sousingittocalmyournervesbeforeyouundertakesomethingstressfulcanbehugelybeneficial.A.MusicisanecessarypartofourlivesB.MusicbringsvariouscommunitiescloserC.MusicalsohasapositiveeffectonourmemoryD.ItreallycanleaveusfeelingworriedandfrightenedE.MusicisaperfectwaytohelpyourelaxandreduceyourstressF.It’sauniversallanguagethatconnectspeopleallovertheworldG.Thewaymusicaffectsthebrnisthroughaprocesscalledentertnment【答案】36.A37.F38.E39.C40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了音乐为什么很重要以及音乐是如何改善生活的。【36题详解】前文“Peoplehavealwayssungsongs,dancedtomusic,andplayedmusicalinstru