2026年高考英语终极冲刺：压轴题04 阅读理解CD篇（动物、植物类）（原卷版及全解全析）

3/17压轴题04阅读理解C、D篇命题预测分析近年高考英语阅读理解C、D篇命题规律，动植物类说明文是经典题材，语篇多选自自然期刊、科研报道、环保报告、高校研究，聚焦珍稀动植物特性、生存现状、适应机制、科研价值、生态保护、进化奥秘等。文章科学性强、专业术语适中、长难句集中，侧重考查细节定位、逻辑推理、词义猜测、主旨概括。2026年高考仍会重点考查，命题更关注气候变化影响、物种保护、生物智能、生态共生、科研新发现，强调人与自然和谐共生。高频考法推理判断题标题归纳题细节理解题词义猜测题主旨大意题观点态度/写作意图题动物、植物类说明文基本规律及解题要领高考动植物类阅读多无标题，结构清晰、说明性强，一般分为四部分：首段：开门见山引出新物种、新发现、特殊动植物、科研对象。背景/现状：介绍物种生存环境、濒危现状、研究背景、气候/人类影响。主干：详细说明外形特征、适应机制、生存技能、科研价值、保护措施。结尾：总结研究意义、生态价值、保护呼吁、未来展望。二、动物、植物类说明文解题技巧1.抓语篇结构，快速把握大意用略读法速读首尾段+各段首尾句，圈出核心名词（species/plant/animal/habitat/survival等）。动植物类常见行文逻辑：物种介绍型：外形→习性→适应环境→生存挑战→保护科研发现型：发现过程→实验方法→研究结果→科学意义生态保护型：现状危机→原因分析→保护措施→未来展望2.定位标志词，精准破解细节与推理优先定位：动植物名称、地名、研究者、数据、时间、对比词。长难句处理：拆分主句与从句，抓主语+谓语+宾语，忽略修饰成分。答案原则：原文同义替换、客观概括，不加入生活常识臆断。3.重点关注适应机制与生存特点动植物类高频考点：适应环境的特殊结构/行为（耐寒、耐旱、伪装、迁徙、共生）生存技能与智能表现（辨识、导航、工具使用、信息传递）濒危原因与保护方向（人类活动、气候变化、栖息地破坏）4.紧盯转折与对比，锁定核心信息高频逻辑词：however/but/while/incontrast/comparedwith/instead转折后常是物种独特性、研究新结论、真正生存危机，为必考点。5.熟悉选项设置规律，快速排除干扰正确选项：原文信息同义改写、全面概括、符合科学事实。干扰项：张冠李戴（把A物种特点安到B物种）偷梁换柱（改变范围、程度、条件）无中生有（原文未提及的能力/习性）以偏概全（用局部特点代替整体主旨）6.标题归纳技巧（动植物类专用）必须包含核心动植物/研究对象。突出特点、发现、保护、生存。常见格式：物种+特点/价值/保护/新发现。04动物、植物类1.（2026·广西·一模）Scientistshavediscoveredsixspeciesofcushion(垫)plantsgrowingatarecord-breakingheightonMountShukuleⅡintheLadakhregionofIndia.Theseplantswerefoundonasmall,rockyareanolargerthanafootballfield,andtheyaremoreresistanttocoldanddryconditionsthanmostplants.Theresearchteam,ledbyJiriDolezalfromtheCzechAcademyofSciences,studiedhowplantsrespondtoclimatewarminginthisremotearea.Reachingthesiterequiredafive-dayjourneyfromthenearestroad,andthescientistssufferedfromsicknessandextremetiredness.Incontrast,theplantsthemselveswerewelladaptedtothecoldanddryenvironment.Eachplantwasverysmall,aboutthesizeofacoin,andcontainedahighamountofsugarthatactedlikenaturalantifreeze.Theirleavesgrewinacircularshape,helpingthemtrapwarmairandsurvivelong,freezingwinters.Althoughtheirrootsweretiny,onerootshowedabout20growthrings,suggestingthattheplanthadsurvivedtherefornearlytwodecades.ClimatechangehaswarmedtheHimalayas,allowingplantstogrowhigherasglaciers(冰川)retreat.Dolezalestimatesthatduringtheshortgrowingseason,temperaturesinthisareahaverisenbyabout6℃overthepastdecade.Plantsneedatleast40frost-freedayseachyeartogrow,andsuchconditionsarenowappearingintheHimalayas.“I’msurprisedattheelevation—it’sveryhigh,”saysJanSalick,abotanistatMissouriBotanicalGardeninStLouis.Butsheisencouragedthatplantsmaybeabletomovetohigheraltitudesthanpreviouslythought,andkeepupwithclimatechange.Aspartoftheresearch,shehasfoundalpine(高山的)plantsintheHimalayasmovingupwardsat0.06metresayear,whilethetemperaturebandtheyusuallyoccupyisoutpacingthembyrisingat6metresayear.Thefearisthatthetemperatureincreaseisencouragingthetreelinetorisetoo,whichcouldreducethespaceavailableforalpineplants.1.Whatisafeatureofthecushionplants?A.Theydependonthefairlyfertilesoil. B.Theyspreadwidelyacrossthemountain.C.Theycantoleratecoldanddryness. D.Theygrowfasterthanotheralpineplants.2.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoillustrateaboutthecushionplantsinparagraph3?A.Howscientistsdiscoveredtheirhabitat. B.Howtheysurviveinthetoughconditions.C.Howclimatechangeimpactstheirdistribution. D.Howtheyposeathreattolocalspecies.3.WhyareplantslikelytogrowevenhigherintheHimalayas?A.Seedsarespreadingmoreeasily.B.Mountainsoilsarebecomingricher.C.Theirfrost-freegrowingperiodsareextending.D.Glaciersattheheightareappearinginlargenumbers.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ClimateChangeHelpsPlantsGrowHigherB.Record-breakingPlantsWereFoundintheHimalayasC.CushionPlantsAretheMostResistantPlantsintheWorldD.AlpinePlantsFaceaSeriousSurvivalProblemintheHimalayas2.（2026·承德·一模）Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatcrows(乌鸦)arehighlyintelligentwithcognitiveabilitiessimilartothoseof5-to7-year-oldchildren.Pastresearchhasshownthattheycancounttofouranddistinguishhumanvoicesandfaces,andsomespeciescanevencreatetoolsforfutureuse.Lately,aspecialstudyhasexpandedthislistfurther,revealingthatcrowscanrecognizebasicgeometricfeatures,suchassidelengths,parallellines,andrightangles,andshapeslikestars,crescents,squares,andirregularfour-sidedfigures.Withthepurposeoftestingthecrows’geometricskills,scientistsshowedtwocrowssixshapesonadigitalscreenandtrainedthemtopeck(啄)attheoutlier—theshapethatlookeddifferentfromtherest.Whenthebirdschosecorrectly,theywererewardedwithatastysnack.Atfirst,theresearchersmadetheoutlierobvious,suchasonefloweramongfivecrescents.Asthebirdsgotusedtothetask,theshapesbecamemoresimilarincludingsquaresandirregularfour-sidedfigures.Despitetheincreasingdifficulty,thecrowscontinuedtoidentifytheoutliercorrectly.Theshaperecognitionabilityofcrowsremainsatopicofinterestforresearchers.Theysuspectthisabilitymayhelpthemwithnavigationastheyflyaround.Thebirdsmayhavealsodevelopedthisabilitytohelpthemsearchforfoodoridentifyotherindividualcrows—includingpotentialmates—basedontheirfacialfeatures.“Alltheseabilities,attheendoftheday,fromabiologicalpointofview,haveevolvedbecausetheyprovideasurvivaladvantageorareproductiveadvantage,”saysthestudyseniorauthorAndreasNieder,aneurophysiologistattheUniversityofTübingeninGermany.Inthefuture,researchershopetoexplorewhichareasofthebirds’brainsareresponsiblefortheirexceptionalabilityingeometry.Birdsdon’thaveacerebralcortex(大脑皮层)—atleast,notinthesamewaythathumansdo.Butforus,thatpartofthebrainisresponsibleforthinkingandothercomplexfunctions.Crowsstillhavetheseabilities,sotheresearchersassumetheremustbesomethingelsegoingoninsidetheirheads.“Obviously,evolutionfoundtwodifferentwaysofgivingrisetobehaviorallyflexibleanimals,”Niedersays.5.Whatdoestherecentstudyrevealaboutcrows?A.Theycandrawsimplefigureswithtools. B.Theycantellbasicgeometricshapesapart.C.Theycandoprettyeasymathcalculations. D.Theycanrecognizehumanvoicesandfaces.6.Howdidtheresearchersincreasethedifficultyoftheshape-recognitiontask?A.Byshorteningthetimetorespond. B.Bypresentingmorefamiliarshapes.C.Byshowingfigureswithdifferentcolors. D.Byenhancingthesimilarityamongshapes.7.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theroleofcrows’geometricpotentialinnavigation.B.Reasonsforcrowstoevolveshapeidentificationabilities.C.Thevarioussurvivalbenefitsofcrows’cognitivetalents.D.Advantagesofcrows’food-searchingskillsoverotherbirds.8.Whatisthefollow-upstepforfuturestudy?A.Examiningcrows’brainareasrelatedtogeometricskills.B.Comparingthecerebralcortexofhumansandcrows.C.Exploringothercomplexfunctionsofcrows’brains.D.Studyingthecausesofcrows’flexiblebehaviors.3.（2026·山东滨州·一模）Overthelast1,400years,populationsoftheYangtzefinlessporpoisehavedramaticallydeclinedinChina.Butintensivesurveysofitsrangeonlyspanthelastcoupleofdecades,leavinglotsofgapsinscientists’knowledgeofthespecies.Inacreativeblendofartandscience,anewstudyuseshistoricalpoetrytochartthecriticallyendangeredanimal’spopulationacrosstheriveritcallshome.ThefinlessporpoisesoncelivedthroughouttheentireYangtzeRiver,whichstretchesfromtheTibetanPlateautotheEastChinaSea.Now,theonlyknownfreshwaterporpoiseintheworldhasfewerthan1,800individualsleftinthewild.TheresearchteamcombedthroughdatabasesofChinesepoetrytofindreferencestotheporpoiseandmapitspastdistribution.Theyfound724poemsthatmentionedtheanimal,ofwhichhalfnotedwheretheporpoiseswereobserved.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiology.“Havingaccesstopastdataallowsustodetectwhendeclinesbeganandcorrelatethosechangeswithpotentialthreatslikehabitatdestruction,climatechange,overhunting,diseaseortheintroductionofinvasivespecies,”saysleadauthorZhangYaoyao,anecologistattheChineseAcademyofSciences.Thepoemssuggesttheporpoise’srangehasdecreasedby65%sincetheTangdynasty.Mostofthatdeclinehappenedintheriver’stributariesandlakes,wheretheanimal’srangehasdecreasedby91%.Whilethepopulationdecreasewasmostlygradual,thesharpestdeclinehasoccurredoverthepast100years.Thatsuddendropalignswithhumanactivitiesontheriver,especiallydamconstructioninthe1950sthatblockedofftheporpoise'smovementtoandfromtheriver'smainchannel.Theworkhighlightstheconnectionbetweencultureandscience.“Poemsareactuallyancientcitizenscience,andmanyChinesepoetswere‘well-educatedintellectuals’,”saysZhang.“Thesedataarenotperfect...Buttheydohavealotofinformationifyouusethemcorrectly.”Thisapproachhaspotentialforuncoveringthepastsofotherendangeredspeciesaswell.Previously,scholarshaveusedmedievalandancienttextstounderstandthingslikevolcaniceruptions,aurorasandunusualwhales.9.Whatchallengedoscientistsfaceintheirresearchabouttheporpoise?A.Itspopulationhasdroppedoffdramatically.B.Locatingitshabitatsisincreasinglydifficult.C.Thelong-termhistoricaldataareinsufficient.D.Itspopulationishardtocalculateprecisely.10Whatmainlycontributedtothedramaticfalloftheporpoise’spopulations?A.Poorresistancetodiseases. B.Climatechangesovertime.C.Humanimpactsonitshabitats. D.Competitionwithotherspecies.11.Whydoestheauthormention“volcaniceruptions”inthelastparagraph?A.Toshowmajorthreatstoendangeredwildlife.B.Tointroducechallengesinecologicalresearch.C.TorevealthewisdomofancientChinesepoets.D.Toprovethevalueofancienttextsinresearch.12.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HistoricalPoems:RecordsofAncientChineseWildlifeB.citizenScience:ANewApproachtoProtectingAnimalsC.TheYangtzeFinlessPorpoise:ACriticallyEndangeredSpeciesD.AncientPoetry:ACreativeWaytoStudyEndangeredPorpoise4.（2026·河北邯郸·一模）Scientistshavediscoveredsixspeciesofcushion(垫)plantsgrowingatarecord-breakingheightonMountShukuleⅡintheLadakhregionofIndia.Theseplantswerefoundonasmall,rockyareanolargerthanafootballfield,andtheyaremoreresistanttocoldanddryconditionsthanmostplants.Theresearchteam,ledbyJiriDolezalfromtheCzechAcademyofSciences,studiedhowplantsrespondtoclimatewarminginthisremotearea.Reachingthesiterequiredafive-dayjourneyfromthenearestroad,andthescientistssufferedfromsicknessandextremetiredness.Incontrast,theplantsthemselveswerewelladaptedtothecoldanddryenvironment.Eachplantwasverysmall,aboutthesizeofacoin,andcontainedahighamountofsugarthatactedlikenaturalantifreeze.Theirleavesgrewinacircularshape,helpingthemtrapwarmairandsurvivelong,freezingwinters.Althoughtheirrootsweretiny,onerootshowedabout20growthrings,suggestingthattheplanthadsurvivedtherefornearlytwodecades.ClimatechangehaswarmedtheHimalayas,allowingplantstogrowhigherasglaciers(冰川)retreat.Dolezalestimatesthatduringtheshortgrowingseason,temperaturesinthisareahaverisenbyabout6℃overthepastdecade.Plantsneedatleast40frost-freedayseachyeartogrow,andsuchconditionsarenowappearingintheHimalayas.“I’msurprisedattheelevation—it’sveryhigh,”saysJanSalick,abotanistatMissouriBotanicalGardeninStLouis.Butsheisencouragedthatplantsmaybeabletomovetohigheraltitudesthanpreviouslythought,andkeepupwithclimatechange.Aspartoftheresearch,shehasfoundalpine(高山的)plantsintheHimalayasmovingupwardsat0.06metresayear,whilethetemperaturebandtheyusuallyoccupyisoutpacingthembyrisingat6metresayear.Thefearisthatthetemperatureincreaseisencouragingthetreelinetorisetoo,whichcouldreducethespaceavailableforalpineplants.13.Whatisafeatureofthecushionplants?A.Theydependonthefairlyfertilesoil. B.Theyspreadwidelyacrossthemountain.C.Theycantoleratecoldanddryness. D.Theygrowfasterthanotheralpineplants.14.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoillustrateaboutthecushionplantsinparagraph3?A.Howscientistsdiscoveredtheirhabitat. B.Howtheysurviveinthetoughconditions.C.Howclimatechangeimpactstheirdistribution. D.Howtheyposeathreattolocalspecies.15.WhyareplantslikelytogrowevenhigherintheHimalayas?A.Seedsarespreadingmoreeasily.B.Mountainsoilsarebecomingricher.C.Theirfrost-freegrowingperiodsareextending.D.Glaciersattheheightareappearinginlargenumbers.16.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ClimateChangeHelpsPlantsGrowHigherB.Record-breakingPlantsWereFoundintheHimalayasC.CushionPlantsAretheMostResistantPlantsintheWorldDAlpinePlantsFaceaSeriousSurvivalProblemintheHimalayas5.（2026·安徽铜陵·一模）Arabidopsisthaliana(拟南芥),asmallthinweedofthemustardfamily,neverseemedlikelytogainscientificfame.Yetthiscommonplanthasgreatlychangedfromanignoredweedtoabiologicalsuperstarduetoscientists’foresight,continuousexplorationandjointefforts.Arabidopsis’journeybeganwithyounggeneticistGeorgeRédei.Atfirst,Rédei’sresearchonthisweedwaswidelydoubtedbecausemanythoughtonlyvaluablecropsordecorativeplantswereworthstudying.ButhecarrieditsseedsallthetimeandlatercontinuedresearchintheUS.InspiredbyGermanbotanistFriedrichLaibach,hesawitsvalueasamodelorganism,similartofruitfliesingenetics.Comparedwithcornandwheat,Arabidopsishasclearadvantages:smallsize,shortgrowthcycle,manyseeds,butwhatsetsitapartfromotherexperimentalplantsisitsonlyfivepairsofchromosomes(染色体),makinggenelocationmucheasier.Inthe1980s,youngscientistslikeChrisSomervilleandElliotMeyerowitzalsonoticeditspotential.Theyproveditsvaluethroughexperiments,findingitssmallgenomewithlittlerepeatedDNAmadegenediscoveryeasier.In2000,aglobalteamfinisheditsresearchandpublishedtheresultinNature,whichprovidedasolidbaseforfuturestudies.Today,researchesonArabidopsishaveprovidedimportantsupportforcropoutputexpansion,ecologicalsystemmanagementandclimatechangereduction.Forinstance,thegenesidentifiedinArabidopsishavehelpedscientistsunderstandthefruitdevelopmentmechanismoftomatoesandimprovethestressresistanceofrice.Beyondplantscience,Arabidopsishasalsobroughtnewinsightstohumanhealthresearch.Notably,about70%ofhumancancer-relatedgenesandgenesrelatedtoneurologicaldiseasessuchasAlzheimer’sandParkinson’sallexistinthisplant.Arabidopsisisnotwithoutlimitations.Itssimplestructure,whileusefulforgeneticresearch,cannotfullyrepresentthecomplexityofcropslikewheatorcorn.However,evenwiththeseconcerns,thisonce-ignoredweedhasalreadyprovedthatgreatscientificvaluecanlieinthemostunexpectedplaces,anditcontinuestoinspireresearcherstoexplorethemysteriesoflife.17.WhatisspecialaboutArabidopsisasamodelorganism?A.Itsabundantseeds. B.Itsbrieflifeperiod.C.Itsfewchromosomes. D.Itsuniqueoutershape.18.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheArabidopsisresearch?A.Itcastnewlightonmedicalstudies. B.Itprioritizedtraditionalmodelorganisms.C.Itgainedsupportfrommostgeneticists. D.Ittargetedmajormanagementproblems.19.Whatisthefunctionofthelastparagraph?A.ToprovethecomplexityofArabidopsis. B.TostressthelimitationsofArabidopsis.C.TorestatetheimportanceofArabidopsis. D.TounderlinethestructureofArabidopsis.20.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheApplicationsofArabidopsisStudiesB.TheLinkbetweenArabidopsisandHumansC.TheDiscoveryofSmallGenomeinArabidopsisD.TheCourseofArabidopsisfromWeedtoTreasure6.（2026·河北张家口·一模）Ateamofresearcherssuggeststhatpigeons,commonbirdsfamousfortheiramazingabilitytofinddirections,cansenseEarth’smagneticfield(磁场)bydetectingtinyelectriccurrentsintheirinnerears.Theteamcarriedoutadvancedbrainmappingandsingle-cellRNAanalyzingofpigeoninner-earcells.Bothformsofevidenceshowthattheinnerearisthebirds“magnetoreception”organ.Inthestudy,professorDavidKeaysandhiscolleaguesdesignedanexperimenttofindouthowpigeons’brainsrespondtomagneticfields.TheyexposedpigeonstoamagneticfieldslightlystrongerthanEarth’sforoveranhour.Theteamusedamethodtomeasuretheactivationpatternsofneurons(神经元)acrossthebrainbydetectingageneticmarkerofcellactivityinpigeonbrains.Brainactivitymapsofbirdsexposedtomagneticfieldswerecomparedwiththoseofacontrolgroupnotexposedtosuchfields.Theresultsrevealedneuronalactivityrelatedtomagneticfieldsinthebrainregionthatreceivessignalsfromthevestibularsystem—akeypartoftheinnerearresponsibleforbalanceandsenseofspace.Thisresultnarroweddownthepossiblecompasses(指南针)toone—thevestibularsystem.Furtheranalysisfocusedontheinnerear.Usingsingle-cellRNAanalysis-researchersidentifiedauniquetypeofhaircell—typeⅡ.Thesecellscontainspecialproteinsthatmakethemsensitivetotheslightestchangesinelectricalpotential.Whenabirdfliesandmovesitshead,liquidintheinnerearshifts,crossesmagneticfieldlines,andgeneratesaweakelectriccurrent.Thesesensitivecellsdetectthissignalandsendtheinformationtothebrain.Thediscoveryexplainsmanyobservedbehaviors.Forexample,homingpigeonsoftencircleinplacebeforechoosingaflightdirection.Itisnowclearthatsuchmovementsarenecessarytoactivatetheirbiologicalcompass—headmovementsstrengthenthesignaldetectedbytheinnerear.21.Whatcana“magnetoreception”organmostprobablydo?A.Detectinnerearcells.B.Blockelectriccurrents.C.SenseEarth’smagneticfield.D.Strengthenthemap-readingability.22.Whatdidthemagneticfieldintheresearchdotothepigeons?A.Itdiddamagetothepigeons’innerears.B.Itledtothegenerationofnewbraincells.C.Itmadethepigeons’headsmoverelatively.D.Itcausedcertainactivationpatternsofneurons.23.Whatcanbelearnedaboutapigeon’sinnerear?A.Itisinabrainregion.B.Ithasnewlyidentifiedhaircells.C.Itcanmovewhenapigeonflies.D.Itcontainsalargevarietyofproteins.24.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhytheVestibularSystemMattersMostB.TheBiologicalCompassHiddenintheEarC.NewResearchRevealedtheSecretofFlyingD.HowMagneticFieldsAffectPigeons’BrainActivity7.（2026·内蒙古赤峰·一模）Plantsproducechemicalscalledalkaloids(生物碱)toprotectthemselvesfromthreats.Peoplerelyonalkaloidsforpainreliefandothermedicaltreatments.Scientistswanttobetterunderstandhowplantscreatealkaloidssotheycandevelopmedicinesfaster,atlowercost,andwithlessharmtotheenvironment.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkfocusedonFlueggeasuffruticosa,aplantthatproducessecurinine—apowerfultypeofalkaloid.Theyuncoveredthatthekeygeneresponsibleformakingsecurinineissimilartogenestypicallyfoundinbacteriaratherthaninplants.Thisfindingsuggeststhatplantsmayhaveadoptedanunusualevolutionarystrategy.Insteadofrelyingonlyontraditionalplantchemistry,theyappeartoreusemolecular(分子的)toolscommonlyseeninmicrobes(微生物)tobuilddefensivechemicals.Dr.BenjaminLichman,theleadresearcher,explainedwhythediscoverystoodout.“Plantsandbacteriaarereallydifferentformsoflife,andsoitwasasurprisetoseethatthissignificantplantchemicalwasbeingdrivenfromabacterial-likegene.Webelieveplants‘recycle’biologicaltoolsthataremorecommonlyfoundinmicrobes,whentheycanbeusefultothem.”Oncetheresearchersrecognizedthisnewchemicalpathway,theybeganfindingsimilargeneshiddenwithintheDNAofmanyotherplants.Theseplantgenescouldbeusedtoproducevaluablechemicalsinlaboratorysettings,whichwouldreducetheneedtoharvestrareplants.Dr.Lichmannotedthatalkaloidscouldbepoisonous,sotheyhavetobehighlycontrolledandoftenmodifiedwhenusedinmedicines.Heemphasized,“Understandingtheprocessofcreatingalkaloidscanhelpusdevelopnewmethodsforproducingtheminthelaborremovingthemtomakesomeplantslesspoisonous.Nowthatweknowhowtolookforthischemicalproduction,wehavenewmethodstoexplorefortheproductionanddiscoveryofsafemedications.”25.Whatisafindingoftheresearchersaboutthegeneproducingsecurinine?A.Itevolvesinaregularpattern. B.Itismorelikebacterialgenes.C.Itdefendsplantsfrombacteria. D.Itexistswidelyincommonplants.26Whatcanweinferfromthediscoveryinparagraph3?A.Rareplantscontainsmorealkaloids.B.Plantsproducechemicalsfrommicrobes.C.Bacterial-likegenesmayexistinmanyplants.D.Biologicaltoolsareuniquetocertainmicrobes.27.WhatdoestheauthortrytoexplainbyquotingLichmaninthelastparagraph?A.Thepracticalvalueoftheresearch.B.Theprocessofalkaloidproduction.C.Thechallengesoflab-madechemicals.D.Thecomplexityofmedicalexploration.28.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Apopularsciencemagazine. B.Aguideonplantidentification.C.Atextbookformedicalstudents. D.Aresearchpaperonmicrobiology.8.（2026·黑龙江双鸭山·一模）Theenormousbrowncanetoad(甘蔗蟾蜍)wasintroducedtoAustraliaintentionallyin1935toeatnativeinsectsthatthreatenedtheprofitabilityofsugarplantations.Unfortunately,thetoadsnevergotatastefortheinsects.Theydid,however,turnouttobepoisonoustopredators(捕食者),especiallysnakes.Thestoryofthecanetoadisaclassicexampleofanecologicallydestructiveinvasive(入侵的)species.Intheshortterm,anyway.Butthelongtermmightbedifferent.In2004,researchersdiscoveredthatAustraliansnakeswithalotofexposuretothetoadsintheirhabitatweretrendingtowardsmallermouths—mouthsthatmadethemunabletoeatthelargest,mostpoisonoustoads.Instead,thosesnakescouldsuccessfullypreyonsmaller,lesspoisonousyoungtoads.While,theoretically,eradicatinganinvasivespeciesoughttobecheaperthanmanagingitoradaptingtoit,simplybeing“native”or“invasive”isn’tenoughtotellyouwhetheraspeciesshouldbeeradicated.Wehavemanyexamplesoftherelationshipbetweeninvasivespeciesandtheirnewhomeenvironmentsfunctioninginwaysthatmightnotguaranteeanautomaticeradicationpolicy.Theendangeredbird,thesouthwesternwillowflycatcher,nestssuccessfullyininvasivetamariskplants.InvasivetreesinPuertoRicodoabetterjobofestablishingforestsonheavilydegradedformerlandsthandonativetrees.InvasivebirdshelpspreadtheseedsofnativeplantsaroundtheHawaiianIslands.Theabilityofinvasivespeciestoadaptandtheabilityofinvasivespeciestobebeneficialaswellasharmfulhaveledahandfulofscientiststobeginspeakingoutaboutthepossibilityofhandlinginvasivespeciesinadifferentway.Insteadofjumpingimmediatelytoeradication,theysuggest,theidealcourseoftreatmentshould,atleast,beginwithamorethoroughexaminationofthefullrangeofimpactseachinvasivespecieshasonitsnewhome.AsbiologistMarkDaviswroteinthejournalNature,“Nearlytwocenturiesonfromtheintroductionoftheconceptofnativeness,it’stimeforconservationiststofocusmuchmoreonthefunctionsofspecies,andmuchlessonwheretheyoriginated.”29.WhatdidtheresearchersfindabouttheAustraliansnakes?A.Theyrelocatedtosafernaturalhabitats. B.Theyadaptedtocoexistingwithcanetoads.C.Theystartedpreyingonharmfulnativeinsects. D.Theyreducedtheirexposuretolargecanetoads.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eradicating”inparagraph3mean?A.Ignoring. B.Preserving.​ C.Observing. D.Removing.31.Whydoestheauthormentiontheinvasivespeciesinparagraph4?A.Tocomparethemwithnativespecies.B.Toillustratetheirworseninglivingconditions.C.Toshowtheirpositiveeffectsintheirnewhabitats.D.Tohighlighttheireffortstofitintotheenvironment.​32.WhatdidMarkDavissuggestregardingconservationefforts?A.Evaluatingspeciesbytheirecologicalroles. B.Restoringnativespeciesasmuchaspossible.C.Helpingspeciessurvivediverseenvironments. D.Protectingspeciesbasedontheirnativeorigins.9.（2026·宁夏三市·一模）Penguinsaresomeoftheworld’smostfamiliarandbelovedbirds,butsouthernrockhoppersarethetoughguysofthepenguinworld.Theirfondnessforcolonies(聚居地)highoverthousandsoffeetseparatesthemfromtheotherpenguinspeciesthatprefersoft,levelgroundintheFalklands.Oneevening,IstruggletokeepupwithsomescientistsastheymarchthroughthickgrassintheFalklands.Theyarelookingforrockhoppersthathavepencil-case-sizeblackboxestapedtotheirbacksandcollectingthoseboxes,whichcontainGPSdataloggers(记录仪).Somealsotrackdivingandheart-rateinformation.Later,inthescientists’fieldstation,wegatheraroundacomputerscreen,analyzingthecollecteddata,whichwillgiveusacriticalreadonoceanconditions,revealedbythebirds’responses.Withalifespanof10to15years,thespeciescanwithstandtheoccasionaldisasterandrebuildtheirpopulationovertime.Butascoloniesdamagedbyhumanactivitiesstruggletorecover,astringofdisastershasknockedthemdown.Despitetheirbravery,rockhoppersarehighlysensitive.Researchbythesescientistsshowsthatevenasmallincreaseinseatemperaturecanaffectthebirds’foodsupplyandlowerchickandadultsurvival.Besides,changingweatheriscausingunseasonablyintensestorms,killingchickswhohaven’tyetgrowntheirthick,waterprooffeathers.However,movingtocoolerwaterisn’tanoption.Theconstantwindstherewouldpushthelittlepen