内科复习资料（Review of Internal Medicine）

内科复习资料(ReviewofInternalMedicine)

First,radioquestions(radioquestions,eachquestionhasonly

onecorrectanswer,atotalof20questions,5pointsper

subject).)

1.Hypothermiameanslowerbodytemperature

A.350C

B.35.,80C

C.360C

D.36.30C

E.36.80C

Standardanswer:A

2nurses,monitoringvitalsignsofpatientsfoundlessthan

60pulse/min,patientshavetobevigilant

A.fever

B.hyperthyroidism

C.increasedintracranialpressure

D.myocarditis

E.peripheralcirculatoryfailure

Standardanswer:C

3,suggestingthatthepulseofleftheartfailureis

A.waterrushingpulse

B.alternansvein

ShortpulseC.

D.azygospulse

E.incompletepulse

Standardanswer:B

4.Themostcommonpulseabnormalitiesinconstrictive

pericarditisare

A.fullpulse

B.waterrushingpulse

C.alternansvein

D.azygospulse

E.incompletepulse

Standardanswer:D

5.Thepulseisshortandfine

A.pulserateisgreaterthanheartrate

B.pulserateislessthanheartrate

C.pulserateisequaltoheartrate

D.pulseratelessthan60BPM

E.pulserategreaterthan100/min.

Standardanswer:B

6,breathingfastermeansmorethanbreathing

A.16/min.

B.18/min.

C.20/min.

D.22/min.

E.24/min.

Standardanswer:E

7.CuseMoore'sbreathingischaracterizedby

A.respirationgraduallychangesfromshallowtodeep

B.respiratoryandrespiratoryapneaintersect

C.thebreathmeterisshallowandfast

D.respirationisdeepandslightlyfaster

E.isshortofbreathandholdsbreath

Standardanswer:D

8,increasedpulsepressureseen

A.hypotension

B.pericardialeffusion

C.severeheartfailure

D.aorticinsufficiency

E.severemitralstenosis

Standardanswer:D

9andtwolungsarefullofwetrales

A.emphysema

B.pneumonia

C.pneumothorax

D.acutepulmonaryedema

E.tuberculosis

Standardanswer:D

10,speechenhancementisseeninspeech

A.emphysema

B.consolidationoflung

C.pneumothorax

D.bronchialobstruction

E.pleuraleffusion

Standardanswer:B

11,fullmoonfacesareseen

A.chronicwastingdisease

B.mitralstenosis

C.long-termglucocorticoidpatients

D.acromegaly

E.hyperthyroidism

Standardanswer:C

12.Thegaitofthepatientwithnystagmuscanbepresented

A.flusteredgait

B.staggersgait

C.forwardtiltgait

D.rockinggait

E.drunkengait

Standardanswer:A

13,breathisfoulsmell,seein

A.hepaticencephalopathy

B.bronchiectasis

C.organophosphoruspesticidepoisoning

D.uremia

E.ketoacidosis

Standardanswer:B

14.Themostcommonsiteofearlyjaundiceis

A.skin

B.axillary

C.sclera

D.palm

E.plantar

Standardanswer:C

15.Thefactorsassociatedwiththeformationofspidernevi

are

A.thrombocytopenia

B.increasesestrogeninvivo

C.coagulationdisorders

D.capillaryfragilityincreased

E.isseriouslyinfected

Standardanswer:B

16,abdominalmobility,voiced,suggesting

A.portalhypertension

B.peritonitis

C.pyloricobstruction

D.ascites

E.abdominaltumor

Standardanswer:D

17,thepatientfemale,19yearsold.Collegestudents,the

schoolwashealthy,physicalexaminationof96bpm.Thelawis

neat,apicalsmellandgrade2/6systolicmurmur,heart

enlargementisnotobvious.Themostappropriatehealth

instructionis...

A.stayinbedfor1months

B.strengthensnutrition

C.insistsontakingdiuretics

D.strengthenphysicalexercise

E.exerciseproperly,avoidstrenuousexercise,prevent

infection,andfollowupregularly

Standardanswer:E

18,theapproximatedisorderofconsciousnesscalledathymia

A.sleepiness

B.fuzzyconsciousness

C.trance

D.coma

E.deepcoma

Standardanswer:C

19,deepcoma,distinguishedfrommildcoma,isthemost

valuablemanifestation

A.cannotbeawakened

B.hasnoindependentmotion

C.didnotrespondtostimulation

D.allreflexesaregone

E.urinaryincontinence

Standardanswer:D

20,thepatientmale,71yearsold.Inapathologicalsleep

state,canbeawakened,wakeupafterashortperiodof

wakefulnesscanbemaintained,butthereactionisslow,this

stateofconsciousnessknownas

A.sleepiness

B.fuzzyconsciousness

C.sleepssoundly

D.trance

E.hazystate

Standardanswer:A

21.Thefocusoftheobservationofacutephaseofinternal

medicaldiseasesis

A.bodytemperature,pulse,respiration,bloodpressure

B.diseasesymptomsandsigns

C.mentalstate

D.eatingandsleepingconditions

E.excretionstatus

Standardanswer:A

22,medicaldiseases,chronicdiseasescharacterizedby

ThesymptomsofA.areobvious

B.’sconditionisgoodandbad

C.canchangehismind

D.hasremarkablecurativeeffect

ThepathologicalchangesofE.progressedrapidly

Standardanswer:B

23,aboutthenutritionoftheelderly,thecorrectthingis

that

A.highcaloriediet

B.ismainlyvegetableprotein

C.takeplentyofwater

D.eatalittlemore,eatmoresnacks

E.carbohydratesaremainlyCereals

Standardanswer:C

24、ECGPwaverepresents

A.ventriculardepolarization

B.ventricularrepolarization

C.atrialdepolarization

D.ventriculardepolarizationandrepolarization

E.atrialrepolarization

Standardanswer:C

25,thenormalECGPwaveinwhichofthefollowingleadsmust

beinverted

A.Ilead

B.IIlead

C.Illlead

D.aVFlead

E.aVRlead

Standardanswer:E

26,hoarsenessinvocalcordinflammationormediastinaltumor

compression

A.vagusnerve

Recurrentlaryngealnerve,B.

C.parasympatheticnerve

D.brachialplexus

FacialnerveofE.

Standardanswer:B

27,largehemoptysispatientsshouldnot

A.cough

B.breathholding

C.definitelyconfinedtobed

D.talkless

E.nodiet

Standardanswer:B

28,expiratorydyspneaismainlyseen

A.laryngealedema

B.pleuraleffusion

C.bronchogeniccarcinoma

D.pneumonia

E.bronchialasthma

Standardanswer:E

29,inspiratorydyspneaserious,canappearthreeconcavesign,

threeconcavesignistopointto

A.theuppersternalfossa,supraclavicularfossa,and

intercostalspaceweremarkedlydepressedduringinhalation

B.theuppersternalfossa,supraclavicularfossa,and

intercostalspaceweremarkedlysunkenduringexhalation

C.theuppersternalfossa,thesubclavianfossa,andthe

intercostalspaceweremarkedlydepressedduringinhalation

Thelowersternalfossa,supraclavicularfossa,and

intercostalspaceoftheD.weremarkedlydepressedduring

inhalation

E.theuppersternalfossa,thesubclavianfossa,andthe

intercostalspaceweremarkedlysunkenduringexhalation

Standardanswer:A

30,severepneumoniacausesmixeddyspnea,themechanismis

A.largeairwaystenosisandobstruction

B.extensivelunglesionsreducetherespiratoryarea

C.lungtissuedecreasedinelasticity

D.foreignbodystimulationinupperrespiratorytract

E.decreasedlungtissueelasticityandbronchospasmstenosis

ofsmallbronchus

Standardanswer:B

31,largehemoptysisrefersto1timestheamountofhemoptysis

isgreaterthan

A.50ml

B.100ml

C.200ml

D.300ml

E.400ml

Standardanswer:D

32,patientswithhemoptysisdietcareiswrong

A.largehemoptysis,temporaryfasting

B.asmallamountofhemoptysisshouldbereducedtoasmall

amountorwarm1iquiddiet

C.candrinkstrongtea,coffee,wineandotherstimulating

drinks

D.drinkplentyofwater

E.eatmorefiberrichfoods

Standardanswer:C

33,patientsinthewashing,toiletandotheractivities,

breathingdifficulties,breathingdifficultiesforthedegree

of

A.hasnodyspnea

MildB.

ModerateC.

SevereD.

E.criticallyill

Standardanswer:C

34.Theindexesthatcanreflectthehematopoieticfunctionof

bonemarroware

A.redbloodcell

HemoglobinB.

C.erythrocytesedimentationrate

D.reticulocytecount

E.plateletcount

Standardanswer:D

35,bleedingtimeextensionofthediseaseis

A.hemophilia

B.thrombocytopenicpurpura

C.severeliverdisease

D.obstructivejaundice

HenochSchonleinpurpuraE.

Standardanswer:B

36,fecaloccultbloodtestbefore,canchooseinthediet

A.meat

B.1iver

C.animalblood

D.beanproducts,waxgourd

E.greenvegetables

Standardanswer:D

37、themostsensitivetesttodeterminetheglomerular

filtrationfunctionis

A.endogenouscreatinineclearance

B.bloodcreatininedetermination

C.bloodureanitrogendetermination

D.diurnalurinarygravimetricdetermination

E.urinarygravimetricdeterminationevery3hours

Standardanswer:A

38.Themostobvioustypeofjaundiceisdirectbilirubin

A.hepatocellularjaundice

B.hemolyticjaundice

C.obstructivejaundice

D.hepatocellularjaundiceandhemolyticjaundice

E.anyformofjaundice

Standardanswer:C

39.Theurinesedimentisexaminedmicroscopically.

Microscopically,hematuriaisseenoneveryhighfieldof

vision

MorethanA.1redbloodcells

MorethanB.2redbloodcells

MorethanC.3redbloodcells

MorethanD.4redbloodcells

MorethanE.5redbloodcells

Standardanswer:C

40,forurinesedimentmicroscopy,microscopicpyuriarefers

totheaverageperhigh-powerfieldmeet

MorethanA.6whitebloodcells

MorethanB.8whitebloodcells

MorethanC.3whitebloodcells

MorethanD.4whitebloodcells

MorethanE.5whitebloodcells

Standardanswer:E

41.Thetypicalclinicalmanifestationsofbronchiectasisare

A.chroniccough,mucusorfrothysputum,dyspnea,fever,

pulmonaryralesattheendoftwo

B.chroniccough,alargenumberofpurulentsputum,repeated

hemoptysis,oftenwithpulmonaryinfection,localizedlower

wetrales

C.fever,irritationcough,purulentsputum;twolungbreath

soundthickening,spreadwetanddryrale

D.highfever,cough,bloodysputum,sidechestpainand

decreasedbreathsounds

E.fever,bloodysputum,andtwopulmonaryrales

Standardanswer:B

42,thecommoncauseofacuteattackofasthmais

A.pollen

B.dustmite

C.infection

D.aspirin

E.strenuousexercise

Standardanswer:C

43.Themaincauseofairflowobstructionischronic

obstructivepulmonarydisease

A.largeairwayobstruction

B.smallairwaylesion

C.doublelungwheeze

D.barrelchest

E.lungtexturethickening

Standardanswer:B

44,themostimportantfactorcontributingtotheformationof

pulmonaryhypertensionis

A.decreasedpulmonaryvascularbed

B.hypoxicpulmonaryvasoconstriction

C.increasedbloodviscosity

D.increasedbloodvolume

E.increasedcardiacload

Standardanswer:B

45.Thepathogenesisofchronicpulmonaryheartdiseaseis

mainly

A.increasedrightprecordialpreload

B.increasedafterloadintherightheart

C.leftanteriorcardiacpreloadincreased

D.leftventricularafterloadincreased

TheleftandrightanteriorandposteriorafterloadofE.are

increased

Standardanswer:B

46,aboutthepathogenesisofbronchiectasis

A.congenitaldevelopmentaldefect

B.bronchopulmonarytissueinfectionandbronchialobstruction

C.tuberculosisandchroniclungabscesswithchronicbronchial

inflammation

D.tumorcompressioncausespartialorcompleteobstructionof

thebronchi

E.hypoxicpulmonaryvasoconstriction

Standardanswer:E

47、themainadversereactionsofrapidintravenousinjection

ofaminophyllineinthetreatmentofbronchialasthmaare

A.drymouthandrash

B.arrhythmiasandhypotension

C.colicanddiarrhea

D.tinnitusandhypertension

E.erythemaandblurredvision

Standardanswer:B

48,asthmapatientsarecontraindicatedintheuseofdrugsis

A.digoxin

B.diphenhydramine

C.propranolol

D.penicillin

E.vitaminC

Standardanswer:C

49,thetreatmentofacuteexacerbationofchronicbronchitis

isnotappropriate

A.appliessensitiveantibiotics

B.useexpectorantandantitussivedrugs

C.bronchodilator

D.inhalationdilutionsputum

E.bacterininjection

Standardanswer:E

50.Themostcommoncomplicationofchronicbronchitisis

A.pulmonaryhemorrhage

B.bronchiectasis

C.lobularpneumonia

D.pulmonaryembolism

E.emphysemaandpulmonaryheartdisease

Standardanswer:E

51.Thecomplicationsofchronicobstructivepulmonary

emphysemamaybe

A.leftheartfailure

B.myocarditis

C.Irespiratoryfailure

D.pericarditis

E.IIrespiratoryfailure

Standardanswer:E

52,emphysemaisthemainsymptomof

A.suddendyspnea

B.paroxysmalnocturnaldyspnea

C.isprogressivelymoredifficulttobreathe,asheavyasafter

exercise

D.cyanosis

E.palpitations

Standardanswer:C

53,pulmonaryheartdisease,heartfailurecanappearwhen

symptomsandsigns,except

A.jugularengorgement

B.edema

C.hepatomegalyandtenderness

D.haslittleurine

E.pinkfrothysputum

Standardanswer:E

54,whennurseshelpbronchiectasispatientsperformpostural

drainage,theincorrectansweristhat

A.explainandcooperatewiththepatientbeforedrainage

B.selecttherightpositionaccordingtothelocationofthe

lesion

C.thetimeofeachdrainagecanstartfrom5~10minutes,

adjustedaccordingtothepatient'scondition

D.sputummorepatientsshouldbeallowedtocoughuprapidly

E.ifthepatientissufferingfromhemoptysisordizziness,

thedrainageshouldbeterminatedimmediately

Standardanswer:D

55,acuteexacerbationofchroniccorpulmonalewithfurosemide,

maycause

A.hypokalemia

B.induceddigitalisintoxication

C.hypoxiaexacerbations

D.diabetesinsipidus

E.hyponatremia

Standardanswer:A

56.Themostsuitableexpectorationmeasuresfor

bronchiectasispatientswithlargesputumvolumeandgood

respiratoryfunctionare

A.effectivecough

B.backandchestwal1oscillation

C.humidificationofrespiratorytract

D.posturaldrainage

E.mechanicalsputumaspiration

Standardanswer:D

57chronicpulmonaryheartdiseaselong-termoxygentreatment,

dailycontinuousoxygeninhalationtimeshouldbemorethan

A.7hours

B.9hours

C.10hours

D.12hours

E.15hours

Standardanswer:E

58,stoolmicroscopyshowedthatalargenumberofwhiteblood

cellsweremostcommon

A.amebicdysentery

B.bacillarydysentery

C.uppergastrointestinalbleeding

D.rectalpolyps

E.parasiticdiseases

Standardanswer:B

59,urinarydensityatabout1.010,indicating

A.acutenephritis

B.chronicpyelonephritis

C.severeimpairmentofglomerularfiltrationfunction

D.severerenaldysfunction

E.diabetesinsipidus

Standardanswer:D

60、themostsensitiveindexreflectingliverinjuryis

A.serumprotein

B.serumtotalbilirubin

C.ALP

D.serumalanineaminotransferase(ALT)

E.AST

Standardanswer:D

61,pneumococcalpneumoniaintheredphaseofliverchange,

sputumshowed

A.black

B.yellow

C.Pink

D.rustcolor

E.green

Standardanswer:D

62、accordingtoetiologicalclassification,themostcommon

pneumoniainclinicis

A.bacterialpneumonia

B.viralpneumonia

C.mycoplasmapneumonia

D.fungalpneumonia

E.chlamydiapneumonia

Standardanswer:A

63.TheconditionwhereTBismosteasilyeliminatedis

A.directsunlight

B.isexposedtotheair

C.isinthegastricsecretions

D.penicillin

E.boiling

Standardanswer:E

64,themostimportantsourceofinfectionistuberculosis

A.contaminatedfoodbyMycobacteriumtuberculosis

ForB.bacteriacontamination

C.swineinfectedwithMycobacteriumtuberculosis

D.pulmonarytuberculosispatients

E.sputumnegativepulmonarytuberculosispatients

Standardanswer:D

65,themostspecificwaytodiagnosetuberculosisis

A.Xrayexamination

B.CTcheck

C.sputumtuberclebacillusexamination

D.PPDtest

E.B

Standardanswer:C

66、themainmethodofearlydiagnosisofpulmonary

tuberculosisandthemethodofobservingandtreatingthe

effectare

A.Xrayexamination

B.CTcheck

C.sputumtuberclebacillusexamination

D.PPDtest

E.B

Standardanswer:A

67,themostcommontypeofadultsecondarytuberculosisis

A.primarypulmonarytuberculosis

B.infiltrativetuberculosis

C.hematogenousdisseminatedpulmonarytuberculosis

D.chronicfibrocavitarypulmonarytuberculosis

E.tuberculouspleurisy

Standardanswer:B

68,pleuraleffusionpatientswithacidfastbacilli,themost

likelyclinicaldiagnosisofthispatientis

A.primarypulmonarytuberculosis

B.infiltrativetuberculosis

C.hematogenousdisseminatedpulmonarytuberculosis

D.chronicfibrocavitarypulmonarytuberculosis

E.tuberculouspleurisy

Standardanswer:E

69.Thetypeoftuberculosisthatoccursaftertheinitial

infectionofhumantuberculosisis

A.primarypulmonarytuberculosis

B.infiltrativetuberculosis

C.hematogenousdisseminatedpulmonarytuberculosis

D.chronicfibrocavitarypulmonarytuberculosis

E.tuberculouspleurisy

Standardanswer:A

70、theimportantriskfactoroflungcanceris

A.occupationalpathogenicfactors

B.smokingforalongtime

C.immunodeficiency

D.chroniclungdisease

E.geneticfactors

Standardanswer:B

71.Themostcommonpathogensofbacterialpneumoniaare

StaphylococcusA.

B.Escherichiacoli

C.pneumococcal

PseudomonasaeruginosaD.

KlebsiellapneumoniaeE.

Standardanswer:C

72,morecommoninelderlymen,andthemostcloselyrelated

tosmokinglungcancertypeis

A.squamouscellcarcinoma

B.smallcellundifferentiatedcarcinoma

C.largecellundifferentiatedcarcinoma

D.adenocarcinoma

E.alveolarcarcinoma

Standardanswer:A

73、themostmalignanttypeoftissueinlungcanceristhe

tissuetype

A.squamouscellcarcinoma

B.smallcellundifferentiatedcarcinoma

C.largecellundifferentiatedcarcinoma

D.adenocarcinoma

E.alveolarcarcinoma

Standardanswer:B

74irritatingcoughormetalliccoughshouldbeconsidered

first

A.upperrespiratorytractinfection

B.earlylungdisease

C.leftventriculardysfunction

D.bronchiectasis

E.bronchogeniccareinoma

Standardanswer:E

75.Themostcommoncauseofchronicrespiratoryfailureis

A.severepulmonarytuberculosis

B.respiratorymuscledisease

C.severethoracicdeformity

D.chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease

E.nervoussystemdisease

Standardanswer:D

76,thetreatmentofpneumococcalpneumonia,withdrawalof

antibioticsisgenerallyindicated

A.thetemperaturedroppedtonormal3dayslater

B.thebodytemperaturedroppedtonormal1weekslater

C.thebodytemperaturedroppedtonormal2weekslater

D.symptomsandsignsdisappearedcompletely

E.X-rayshowedcompletedisappearanceofinflammatoryshadows

Standardanswer:A

77、themostimportantindicatoroftheresultofthe

tuberculintestis

A.erythemadiameter

WhealsizeB.

C.indurationdiameter

D.rashtime

DoesE.haveblisters?

Standardanswer:C

78,thedurationofantituberculosistreatmentis

A.1〜3months

B.3飞months

C.6~9months

D.9~12months

E.12to18months

Standardanswer:C

79,forpatientswithtypeIIrespiratoryfailure,low

concentrationsofcontinuousoxygenshouldbegivenandthe

oxygenconcentrationshouldbebelow

A.21%~24%

B.25%~29%

C.30%~35%

D.36%40%

E.41%50%

Standardanswer:B

80.Theearliestandmostprominentmanifestationof

respiratoryfailureis

A.hasdifficultybreathing

B.cyanosis

C.pulmonaryencephalopathy

D.elevatedbloodpressure

E.renalfailure

Standardanswer:A

81.Thefirstmanifestationofcardiogenicdyspneais

A.exertionaldyspnea

B.paroxysmalnocturnaldyspnea

C.cardiogenicasthma

D.sitbreathing

E.inspiratorydyspnea

Standardanswer:A

82,thecareofpatientswithprecordialpainisnotappropriate

A.takecomfortableposture

B.dopsychologicalcaretoeliminatefear

C.usesdeepbreathingandrelaxationtechniques

D.dogoodhealthinstruction

E.immediatelytakespainkillers

Standardanswer:E

83,patientswithcardiogenicedemashouldnotlimitthefood

included

A.pickledproducts

B.drygoods

C.fermentedpastry

D.vinegar

E.carbonateddrinks

Standardanswer:D

84.Whenthehotwaterbagisusedinpatientswithcardiogenic

edema,theoptimumwatertemperatureis

A.30~400C

B.40~500C

C.50〜600C

D.60~700C

E.70~800C

Standardanswer:B

85、diseasesthatcauseventricularafterload(pressure

overload)areoverweight

A.mitralstenosis

B.mitralinsufficiency

C.aorticstenosis

D.aorticinsufficiency

E.hyperthyroidism

Standardanswer:C

86,cardiacedemaischaracterizedby

A.bodypartsandperinealedema

B.facialedema

C.mustbeaccompaniedbypleuraleffusion

D.mustbeaccompaniedbyascites

E.exudativeedema

Standardanswer:A

87,factorsthatinduceandexacerbateheartfailurearenot

included

A.istooemotional

B.respiratorytractinfection

C.bedrest

D.arrhythmia

E.waterelectrolytedisturbance

Standardanswer:C

88、thediseasethatcausesventriculardiastolicfillingis

A.mitralstenosis

B.aorticstenosis

C.anemia

D.hyperthyroidism

E.constrictivepericar