山东省日照市2026届4月三模高三模拟考试英语试卷【附解析】

/2023级高三模拟考试英语本试卷共四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomanabout?A.Visitingherparents.B.Playingtennistogether.C.Lookingforanewhouse.2.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Playingagame.B.Repairingthestairs.C.Movingasofa.3.Whichdishisorderedthemostaccordingtotheman?A.Fish.B.Beef.C.Pork.4.Whatneedstobefixed?A.Theelectricheater.B.Theheatingsystem.C.Theplug.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalift.B.Onabeach.C.Inabookstore.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。6.Whywasithardforthespeakerstotalkonthephone?A.Theywerebothbusywithwork.B.Themanwasshoutingtooloudly.C.Thewomanwasunabletohearwell.7.Whatmistakedidthewomanmakethismorning?A.Playinghermusictooloud.B.Leavingherheadphonesathome.C.Talkingonthephonefortoolong.听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sfavoriteteacher?A.Heisknowledgeable.B.HeactsinShakespeareplays.C.Heteachesbiologyinhighschool.9.WhatdoesNolanSmithprobablydo?A.Heisaphysicist.B.Heisarepairman.C.Heisatraindriver.10.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Pleased.B.Disappointed.C.Sorry.听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingduringherstayathotels?A.Sleeping.B.Doingexercise.C.WatchingTV.12.Howlongdoesthistriplast?A.3days.B.5days.C.10days.13.Whatdidthewomanuseherairlinerewardsfor?A.AbusinesstriptoFlorida.B.Agiftforherhusbandandkids.C.AfamilyvacationtoDisneyWorld.听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Coachandplayer.C.Teacherandstudent.15.Whatplacedidthewomangetinthemixedcompetition?A.Thesecondplace.B.Thethirdplace.C.Theninthplace.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Playchessregularly.B.Joinachessclub.C.Downloadachessapp.听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。17.Howlonghasthespeakerbeenatthescene?A.For6hours.B.For3hours.C.For15minutes.18.Whatisthegreatestconcernfortherescueteams?A.Thesharksmightattacktherescuers.B.Thewhalecouldsinkaboat.C.Thenetistoostrongtocut.19.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Arescueworker.B.Anewsreporter.C.Afisherman.20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Asearescueofafishingboat.B.Adangeroussharkattackinthesea.C.Arescueoperationforthetrappedwhales.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMaricopaCountyHome&FlowerShowArizona’sLargestIndoorFlowerShow,combinesvibrantfloral(花)displayswithmorethan1,000homeimprovementstands—unlikeanythingtheValleyhaseverseen!ExploreArizona’sbesthomeimprovementandinteriordesigncompanies,breathtakingfloralinstallations,shoplocalartisans,joininoninteractivecompetitions,andsomuchmore!Don’tmissthisaward-winningevent,andendlesshome&gardeninspirationallinoneplace!Shop&ExploreCovering300,000squarefeet,theHomeShowbringstogether1,000Arizonacompanies,showcasingeverythingfromkitchendecorationsandlandscapingtooutdoorlivingsolutions.Withunmatchedscale,variety,andexpertiseonhand,it’sthego-todestinationforValleyresidentsandhomeownersseekingstylish,practicalideasfortheirhomesandArizonalifestyles.TheFloralShowcase—AShowWithintheShow50,000squarefeetofpurebotanicalgrandviewandfeaturingmillionsofpetals(花瓣),theFloralShowcasetransformsWestWorldintoafullyimmersivesensoryexperience.Toweringfloralsculptures,unusualdesigns,andlivebotanicalcompetitionssetthestageforacombinationofcolorandcreativity.ShoptheFlower&Artisans’Marketplace,snapapicturewithInstagrammablephotoops,visitthePlantBar,andmore.Newthisyear:thePlantPavilion—ourlargestcollectionofhouseplantsellersever—withthousandsofplantsavailableforpurchase,fromraretoexoticandbonsaitotropicals,herbs,starters,andseedlings.TheFloralShowcaseisn’tjustanattraction—it’sthemust-seeeventoftheyear.AdmissionAdult$13,Child(5-12)$3,Child(0-4)$0Date&LocationMay1st,2nd,&3rd.WestWorldinScottsdale.16601NPimaRd.Scottsdale,AZ852605.Indoors,Air-Conditioned,FreeParking.Moreinformationincludingdailyactivitiesscheduleatwww.MCHomeS.1.Whatcanvisitorsdoattheshow?A.Takecookinglessons. B.Learnabouthomedesign.C.Attendtalksbylocalgardeners. D.Buyflowersatdiscountedprices.2.WhichisthenewhighlightoftheFloralShowcase?A.ThePlantPavilion. B.Toweringfloralsculptures.C.Livebotanicalcompetitions. D.TheFlower&Artisans’Marketplace.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertiseanevent. B.Toreportanexhibition.C.Toshareanexperience. D.Tolaunchaninitiative.【正确答案】1.B2.A3.A【导语】文章介绍了亚利桑那州马里科帕县家居与花卉展览会的各项活动及相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ExploreArizona’sbesthomeimprovementandinteriordesigncompanies(探索亚利桑那州最出色的家居装饰和室内设计公司)”可知，游客可以在该展会上了解家居设计方面的信息。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Newthisyear:thePlantPavilion—ourlargestcollectionofhouseplantsellersever—withthousandsofplantsavailableforpurchase,fromraretoexoticandbonsaitotropicals,herbs,starters,andseedlings.(今年的新亮点是植物展馆——我们有史以来最大的室内植物销售商集合——有成千上万的植物可供购买，从稀有的到异国的，从盆栽到热带植物，从香草到种苗和幼苗应有尽有)”可知，今年新增亮点是植物馆。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Arizona’sLargestIndoorFlowerShow,combinesvibrantfloral(花)displayswithmorethan1,000homeimprovementstands—unlikeanythingtheValleyhaseverseen!(亚利桑那州最大的室内花卉展，将绚丽多彩的花卉展示与超过1000个家居装饰摊位相结合——这在该地区前所未见)”并纵观全文可知，本文核心目的是宣传推广这个花卉及家居装饰展会活动，吸引游客参加，属于活动广告。BThissummer,myfellowmusiciansandIlistenedtotheslowmovementofBeethoven’sStringQuartet.Fromthefirstnotesofthisprofoundmusic,Iwasintears.WhatIhadexperiencedwascompleteimmersion(沉浸)inmusic.Mostoflife’sgreatmomentsarelikethis.Wegiveourfullattentiontoonethingandwonderatitsbeauty.Pastdisappointmentsandfutureworriesdisappear.Butintoday’sworld,suchmomentsareincreasinglyhardtocomeby.Ourdigitalexistenceaimstodistractourattention,floodinguswithmoreinformationinlesstimethanthehumanmindwasdesignedtoabsorb.Musicprovidesauniqueescapefromthisconstantfloodofinformation.Agreatperformanceofmusicbothtakesusoutofourheadsandputsusintouchwithourdeepestselves.That’sthemagicofmusic.Thatphrase—“themagicofmusic”—isusedfrequentlybythemarketingteamsofmusicalorganizations.Butoften,theireffortstosupportthatmusicreflectdifferentpriorities.Someteamshaveencouragedaudiencestolive-tweetperformances.Ifyouwatchaconcertonalivestream,youareofteninvitedtochatwithotherviewers.Engagementfirst;listeningsecond.Meanwhile,multidisciplinaryandmultimediaprojectsareincreasinglyinfashion.Themessagefromprogrammersisclear:Audiencessupposedlydon’twanttobeimmersedinthemusic.Theyarethecustomers,andthecustomerisalwaysright.Thisisnotablack-and-whiteissue.Anartformshouldevolve,andsomemixed-mediaprojectsareexcellent.Butifweloseourcapacitytofocusdeeplyonmusic,weloseoneofthegreatestgiftswearegrantedashumanbeings.Whenpromotionfocusesonlyonsupplyanddemand,itcreatesaviciouscycle:Thelessweareabletopayattention,thelessweareaskedtopayattention,whichonlydegradesourattentionfurther.Whilemarketingteamstalkaboutmagic,classicalmusicorganizationstryhardtopresentthemselvesasrelevant.Thisisunderstandable.Noonewantstobeirrelevant.Yettruerelevanceisn’tjustkeepingupwiththetimesbydrivingusdeeperintoourdevices.Itcomesfromembracingmusic’spowertoimmerseusinaworldofpossibilityandwonder.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“suchmoments”inparagraph2referto?A.ListeningtoBeethoven’smusic. B.Beingtotallylostinonething.C.Cryingoverprofoundmusic. D.Beingfloodedwithinformation.5.Whatdosomemusicalmarketingteamsemphasize?A.Music’spower. B.Liveperformances.C.Customers’rights. D.Audienceinteraction.6.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinparagraph4?A.Artformsareundergoingdiversechanges.B.Customers’demandsshouldbeatoppriority.C.Poormarketingstrategiesworsenpeople’sconcentration.D.Humanbeingsarelosingtheirabilitytoappreciatemusic.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.Digitaldevicesdisturbfullconcentration.B.Themagicofmusicdeservesourfullattention.C.Musicorganizationsadvocatedigitalpromotion.D.Mixed-mediaprojectsruinlisteningexperiences.【正确答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【导语】文章主要介绍了数字时代下，古典音乐营销团队以“参与互动”替代深度聆听，但作者认为音乐真正的魔力在于让人沉浸其中，暂时忘却过去与未来。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Mostoflife’sgreatmomentsarelikethis.Wegiveourfullattentiontoonethingandwonderatitsbeauty.Pastdisappointmentsandfutureworriesdisappear.(大多数人生中的重大时刻都是如此。我们全神贯注于一件事，并惊叹于它的美妙之处。过去的失望和未来的忧虑都会消失)”可知，划线部分指代上文作者陈述的人生美好时刻，全身心投入一件事，忘却过往失望和未来焦虑。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Someteamshaveencouragedaudiencestolive-tweetperformances.Ifyouwatchaconcertonalivestream,youareofteninvitedtochatwithotherviewers.Engagementfirst;listeningsecond.(有些团队鼓励观众在直播观看演出时进行实时微博互动。如果你通过直播观看一场音乐会，通常会被邀请与其他观众交流。互动优先；聆听其次)”可知，他们实际强调的是观众互动参与。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Butifweloseourcapacitytofocusdeeplyonmusic,weloseoneofthegreatestgiftswearegrantedashumanbeings.Whenpromotionfocusesonlyonsupplyanddemand,itcreatesaviciouscycle:Thelessweareabletopayattention,thelessweareaskedtopayattention,whichonlydegradesourattentionfurther(但如果我们失去了对音乐进行深入专注的能力，我们就失去了作为人类所拥有的最伟大的天赋之一。当推广仅仅关注供需关系时，就会形成一个恶性循环：我们越难以集中注意力，就越少被要求去集中注意力，这只会进一步降低我们的注意力水平)”可知，作者认为只迎合需求的营销会形成恶性循环，不断降低人们的专注力。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yettruerelevanceisn’tjustkeepingupwiththetimesbydrivingusdeeperintoourdevices.Itcomesfromembracingmusic’spowertoimmerseusinaworldofpossibilityandwonder.(然而，真正的相关性不仅仅是通过让我们更深入地沉浸在设备中来跟上时代步伐。它来自于拥抱音乐让我们沉浸在可能性和奇迹的世界中的力量)”并纵观全文可知，作者开篇点出全身心沉浸音乐的美好，随后批判当下音乐行业分散注意力、弱化沉浸式聆听的错误营销，最后点明核心：音乐真正的价值在于它能让人沉浸式感受美好，音乐的魔力值得我们全身心专注。CWhile“chaosgardening”becameaviralsocialmediatrendin2023,itscorephilosophyoflettingnatureleadhascometostay—it’sareturntotime-honoredecologicalgardeningprinciples,reimaginedformodernhomeowners.Unlikestrictlyplanned,pesticide-reliantgardens,thisapproachrejectsinflexibledesign,insteadsowingadiversemixofseedsandembracingtheunpredictabilityofnaturalgrowth.Farfrommere“messygardening”,thepracticeisrootedinecologicalscience:adiverseplantcommunitycreateslayeredhabitatsthatsupportpollinators(授粉者),soilmicrobes,andnativewildlife.Asclimateanxietyandbiodiversitylossgrow,chaosgardeninghasemergedasanaccessiblesolutionforordinarypeopletocontributetoecosystemrestoration.Iteliminatestheneedforartificialchemicals,reduceswaterpollution,andcapturescarbon.AsDr.RebeccaHartman,anecologistatWashingtonUniversity,putsit,“Whatlookslikerandomnesstotheuntrainedeyeisactuallyacomplicatedwebofecologicalrelationships.Chaosgardeningtapsintothatcomplexityinsteadoffightingit.”Criticsoftendismissitasunmanagedneglect(忽视),butsuccessfulchaosgardeningrequiresintentionality,notinaction.Thekeyliesinselectingnative,locallyadaptedseedmixes:non-nativeinvasivespeciescanoutcompetenativeplants,disturbinglocalecosystems,whilecarefullychosennativeplantsprovidesustainedfoodandshelterforlocalpollinators.Resultsarenaturallyvariable—somegardensbloomintolivelywildflowerfields,othersevolveintofood-producinglandscapes,makingeachceauniqueecologicalexperiment.LandscapedesignerMarcusChen,whohasappliedchaosgardeningprinciplestooverfiftyresidentialprojects,notes,“PeoplearesurprisedwhenItellthemthata‘wild’gardenoftentakesmorethoughtfulplanningthanatraditionalone.You’renotabandoningcare—you’reredirectingittowardtherightplantchoicesandthensteppingback.”Forbeginners,itoffersalow-pressureentrytogardening,freefromthepressureofperfection.It’smorethanagardeningstyle;it’samindsetshift,invitingpeopletoobserve,adapt,andcoexistwithnature,ratherthancontrolit.Inaneraofenvironmentalcrisis,chaosgardeningturnssmall,personaloutdoorcesintoagentsofecologicalhope.8.Howdoestheauthorpresentthecoreideaofchaosgardeninginthefirstparagraph?A.Bylistingitsbenefits. B.Byintroducingitsorigin.C.Byshowingitspopularity. D.Bydescribingitspractices.9.WhatdoesDr.Hartmansayaboutchaosgardening?A.Itrestorestheecologicalbalance. B.Itupsetsecologicalrelationships.C.Itemploysecologicalnetworks. D.Itreducesecologicalcomplexity.10.WhydoestheauthorquoteMarcusChen?A.Tohighlightintentionalefforts. B.Tosupportcritics’opinions.C.Toadvisegrowingnativeseeds. D.Toshowthebenefitsofwildgardens.11.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?A.MessyWays,ClearResults B.ChaosPlanted,HopeGrownC.WildLooks,WisePlanning D.NatureLeading,DiversityLost【正确答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C【导语】主要说明了混沌园艺顺应自然、种植多样本土植物，依托生态原理保护生物多样性、改善环境。它并非放任荒芜，而是精心规划，以自然方式为生态保护带来希望。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“While“chaosgardening”becameaviralsocialmediatrendin2023,itscorephilosophyoflettingnatureleadhascometostay—it’sareturntotime-honoredecologicalgardeningprinciples,reimaginedformodernhomeowners.Unlikestrictlyplanned,pesticide-reliantgardens,thisapproachrejectsinflexibledesign,insteadsowingadiversemixofseedsandembracingtheunpredictabilityofnaturalgrowth.(在2023年，“混沌园艺”成为了一种在社交媒体上广为流传的潮流现象，但其“让自然主导”的核心理念却得以延续——这实际上是对古老生态园艺原则的回归，只不过这些原则是为现代房主们重新诠释的。与那些严格按照规划、依赖农药的花园不同，这种做法摒弃了僵化的设计模式，而是播撒各种各样的种子，并接纳自然生长的不确定性)”可知，作者在第一段通过描述其实践方式阐述“混沌园艺”这一核心理念。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AsDr.RebeccaHartman,anecologistatWashingtonUniversity,putsit,“Whatlookslikerandomnesstotheuntrainedeyeisactuallyacomplicatedwebofecologicalrelationships.Chaosgardeningtapsintothatcomplexityinsteadoffightingit.”(正如华盛顿大学的生态学家丽贝卡·哈特曼博士所说：“对于未经训练的眼睛而言看似毫无规律的现象，实际上却是一张错综复杂的生态关系网。而‘混沌园艺’正是利用了这种复杂性，而非与之对抗。”)”可知，哈特曼博士认为“混沌园艺”运用了生态网络。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“LandscapedesignerMarcusChen,whohasappliedchaosgardeningprinciplestooverfiftyresidentialprojects,notes,“PeoplearesurprisedwhenItellthemthata‘wild’gardenoftentakesmorethoughtfulplanningthanatraditionalone.You’renotabandoningcare—you’reredirectingittowardtherightplantchoicesandthensteppingback.”(景观设计师马库斯·陈将混沌园艺理念应用于超过五十个住宅项目中。他指出：“当我告诉人们‘野生’花园往往比传统花园需要更精心的规划时，他们都会感到惊讶。实际上，并非放弃对植物的照料，而是将精力重新分配到正确的植物选择上，然后退一步观察。”)”可知，作者引用马库斯·陈的观点是为了强调有意为之的努力。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“While“chaosgardening”becameaviralsocialmediatrendin2023,itscorephilosophyoflettingnatureleadhascometostay—it’sareturntotime-honoredecologicalgardeningprinciples,reimaginedformodernhomeowners.Unlikestrictlyplanned,pesticide-reliantgardens,thisapproachrejectsinflexibledesign,insteadsowingadiversemixofseedsandembracingtheunpredictabilityofnaturalgrowth.(在2023年，“混沌园艺”成为了一种在社交媒体上广为流传的潮流现象，但其“让自然主导”的核心理念却得以延续——这实际上是对古老生态园艺原则的回归，只不过这些原则是为现代家庭主妇们重新诠释的。与那些严格按照规划、依赖农药的花园不同，这种做法摒弃了僵化的设计模式，而是播撒各种各样的种子，并接纳自然生长的不确定性)”结合文章主要说明了混沌园艺顺应自然、种植多样本土植物，依托生态原理保护生物多样性、改善环境。它并非放任荒芜，而是精心规划，以自然方式为生态保护带来希望。可知，C选项“狂野的外表，明智的规划”最符合文章标题。DEverytimeyoucrowdintoapackedplane,youmightwonderifyouwillcatchsomethingfromthepersonsittingnexttoyou—orafewrowsaway.You’renotalone:researcherssharethatcuriosity.Erica,associateprofessoratNorthwesternUniversity,andhercolleaguestriedtofindoutbytestingfacemaskswornbypassengersonflightstodocumentwhatkindsofbugstheytrapped.Theteamwasalsointerestedintheaircirculatinginhospitalsandtestedfacemaskswornbyhospitalstaff.Theycollected53masksforanalysis.Theydetected407totalmicrobial(微生物)speciesfromboththeplaneandhospitalsettings,withsimilarpopulationsofbugsfromeach.Thevastmajorityofthesecamefromskinandareharmless,saysErica.Shesaysmostairbornemicrobescomefromourskin,asweshed(使掉落)themeverywherewego.ThekitsthattheteamusedweredesignedtocollectDNA,sothatmeanttheresearchersprimarilycapturedbacteria—notviruses,manyofwhichhaveRNAastheirgeneticbase(likeinfluenza).Ericasaysthatviruseslikelymakeupasmallerproportionofmicrobesintheairthanbacteria,sincepeopleshedmoreskinbacteriathanvirusparticles.Shenotesthatvirusestendtoheavilydependontherighthabitatinordertothrive,andonceoutsidethebodyandawayfromcellsthattheycaninfect,theycanbecomeslightlylesspernicious.Theresultsofthestudyhighlighttheimportanceofdevelopingbetterwaystomonitortheairfordisease-causingpathogens(病原体),includingviruses,usingsensingsystemsthatcouldprovidemorereal-timereadings.“Imaginesomethinglikeagasalarmthat,dependingonthelevelsofmicrobespresent,couldautomaticallyincreaseair-exchangeratesoralertpeopletoputonmasks,”saysErica.Ericahopespeoplewillrememberthattheair—evenintightplaceslikeaplaneorhospital—maynotbeasfullofdisease-causingbacteriaaswethink.Still,ifyouareworriedaboutgettingsick,facemasksareaneffectivewaytoprotectyourselffrompathogens,aswellasprotectingyoufromspreadingbacteriatoothersifyouareill.12.WhydidEricaandhercolleaguescarryoutthestudy?A.Tocomparebugsindifferentsettings. B.Todesignanewairconditioningsystem.C.Toexploreinfectionrisksinspecificplaces. D.Toprovethatusingfacemasksisineffective.13.Howdidtheteamcollectdatafortheirresearch?A.ByexaminingDNAfromskinsamples. B.Bytrackingvirusesspreadamongpatients.C.Bycheckingairqualityinsidetheairplanes. D.Bytestingfacemasksfromdifferentgroups.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pernicious”mostprobablymeaninparagraph4?A.Rare. B.Harmful. C.Visible. D.Stable.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Virusesarethemainmicrobesintheair. B.Real-timeairmonitoringisnowwidelyused.C.Shedskinspreadsmorebacteriathanviruses. D.Peopleneedn’toverreacttotheairintightces.【正确答案】12.C13.D14.B15.D【导语】主要说明了研究检测飞机和医院口罩中的微生物，发现大多无害且以细菌为主，病毒离体后危害减弱，密闭空间空气致病风险较低，口罩仍能有效防护。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Erica,associateprofessoratNorthwesternUniversity,andhercolleaguestriedtofindoutbytestingfacemaskswornbypassengersonflightstodocumentwhatkindsofbugstheytrapped.(西北大学的艾丽卡副教授及其团队通过测试飞往目的地航班上的乘客所佩戴的口罩，试图弄清楚这些口罩上究竟捕获了何种病菌。)”可知，埃丽卡和她的同事们开展这项研究是为了探究特定区域的感染风险。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theteamwasalsointerestedintheaircirculatinginhospitalsandtestedfacemaskswornbyhospitalstaff.Theycollected53masksforanalysis.(该团队还对医院内的空气流动情况进行了研究，并对医院工作人员所佩戴的口罩进行了检测。他们收集了53个口罩用于分析。)”可知，该团队通过测试来自不同群体的口罩收集研究数据。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“virusestendtoheavilydependontherighthabitatinordertothrive,andonceoutsidethebodyandawayfromcellsthattheycaninfect,theycanbecomeslightlyless(病毒往往非常依赖适宜的生存环境才能繁衍，一旦离开人体并远离它们能够感染的细胞，他们就会变得没那么……)”可知，病毒离开人体与宿主细胞后，生存条件变差，危害性下降。故划线词意思是“有害的”。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ericahopespeoplewillrememberthattheair—evenintightplaceslikeaplaneorhospital—maynotbeasfullofdisease-causingbacteriaaswethink.(埃丽卡希望人们能明白，即便是在像飞机或医院这样的密闭环境中，空气里可能也不像我们想象的那样充满致病细菌。)”可知，人们不必对密闭空间内的空气过度担忧。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoutreatnewattemptslikejumpingintoacoldpool?Youstandthereforages,thinkingaboutit,planningforit,makingemotionalspeechesaboutit,yetyoustilldon’tjumpin.___16___Thiswayofthinkingmeansyoustopwaitingfortheperfecttime,ortheperfectideaortheperfectversionofyourself.Yousimplystart—evenifyourworkisalittlemessy.Manypeoplethinkperfectionismisagoodthing.Itsoundsimpressive,anditmakesyouseemseriousandthoughtful.Butsometimesperfectionismisjustfearwearingglassesandcarryingaclipboard,tellingyou,“Don’tbeginuntileverythingisjustright.”___17___Thisistrueinalmosteverypartoflife.Maybeyouwanttobeavideographer,writer,ormusician—orperhapsyoujustwanttospeakinpublicwithoutfeelinglikeyoursoulhasleftyourbody.___18___Firstattemptsrarelyare.Thegoodnewsisthatactionteachesfasterthanoverthinking.Whenyouactuallydosomething,yougetfeedback.___19___That’showwegrow:notbywaitinguntilwe’re“naturallygood,”butbybeingbraveenoughtobealittlebadfirst.___20___Itinvolvesdoingyourbest,sendingitout,andlearningfromtheresult.We’reallworksinprogress.Sogoahead.Startbeforeyoufeelreadybecause,inreallife,donebeatsperfectalmosteverytime.Jumpin.Thewaterisjustfine.A.Youseewhatworksandwhatdoesn’t.B.Takingactionanywaydoesn’tmeanbeingcareless.C.Butyou’reworriedthatyourworkwon’tberemarkable.D.Finishingandpresentingsomethingslightlymessyisfine.E.Aperfectstartissurelybetterthancompletedimperfecteffort.F.Theproblemisthatnothingbecomesexcellentwithoutabeginning.G.That’swherethemindsetoftakingactionanywaybecomesimportant.【正确答案】16.G17.F18.C19.A20.B【导语】文章主要讲述了不要因追求完美而犹豫不决，应采取行动，因为完成比完美更重要。【16题详解】由上文“Doyoutreatnewattemptslikejumpingintoacoldpool?Youstandthereforages,thinkingaboutit,planningforit,makingemotionalspeechesaboutit,yetyoustilldon’tjumpin.(你是否把新的尝试当作跳进冷水池？你在那里站了很久，思考着，计划着，发表着激动人心的演讲，但你仍然没有跳进去。)”及下文“Thiswayofthinkingmeansyoustopwaitingfortheperfecttime,ortheperfectideaortheperfectversionofyourself.Yousimplystart—evenifyourworkisalittlemessy.(这种思维方式意味着你不再等待完美的时机，或者完美的想法，或者完美的自己。你只需开始——即使你的工作有点乱。)”可知，上文描述了人们面对新尝试时的犹豫不决，下文提出了一种新的思维方式，即不再等待完美，而是直接开始行动，本空应引出下文这种新的思维方式的重要性。G选项“这就是无论如何采取行动的心态变得重要的地方。”能承上启下，符合语境。【17题详解】由上文“Butsometimesperfectionismisjustfearwearingglassesandcarryingaclipboard,tellingyou,“Don’tbeginuntileverythingisjustright.”(但有时完美主义只是恐惧戴着眼镜，拿着写字板，告诉你，“在一切恰到好处之前不要开始。”)”可知，上文指出完美主义可能是恐惧的表现，阻止人们开始行动，本空应说明这种恐惧导致的问题。F选项“问题是没有开始就没有卓越。”能承接上文，符合语境。【18题详解】由上文“Maybeyouwanttobeavideographer,writer,ormusician—orperhapsyoujustwanttospeakinpublicwithoutfeelinglikeyoursoulhasleftyourbody.(也许你想成为一名摄像师、作家或音乐家——或者也许你只是想在公众面前演讲而不感到灵魂出窍。)”及下文“Firstattemptsrarelyare.(第一次尝试很少是这样的。)”可知，上文列举人们想要完成的目标，下文说明初次尝试本就普通，本空应点明人们内心的顾虑。C选项“但你担心你的工作不会引人注目。”能承上启下，符合语境。【19题详解】由上文“Thegoodnewsisthatactionteachesfasterthanoverthinking.Whenyouactuallydosomething,yougetfeedback.(好消息是，行动比过度思考教得更快。当你真正做某事时，你会得到反馈。)”可知，上文提到行动比过度思考更有效，因为行动能带来反馈，本空应说明反馈的作用。A选项“你看到什么有效，什么无效。”能承接上文，符合语境。【20题详解】由下文“Itinvolvesdoingyourbest,sendingitout,andlearningfromtheresult.We’reallworksinprogress.Sogoahead.Startbeforeyoufeelreadybecause,inreallife,donebeatsperfectalmosteverytime.Jumpin.Thewaterisjustfine.(它包括尽你所能，把它发出去，并从结果中学习。我们都在进步中。所以继续吧。在你准备好之前就开始，因为在现实生活中，完成几乎总是胜过完美。跳进去。水正好。)”可知，下文强调了尽管不完美也要采取行动的重要性，本空应说明采取行动并不意味着粗心大意。B选项“无论如何，采取行动并不意味着粗心大意。”能引出下文，符合语境。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Inthemiddleof2017,overwhelmedbythestressesoflivingandworkinginLondon,JessicaRobsonbeganreturningeveryweekendtoherparents’homeinEastSussex,wherehermumwould____21____heroutforSundayruns.“IfoundIwas____22____farmorewhenrunningwithmymumthanIwasinmytherapy(治疗)sessionsinLondon,”sherecalls.Byautumnshehadthe____23____toseeiftherewereotherswhowantedtouserunningthewayshedid—asa____24____cetotalkaboutmentalhealth.Acallouttofriendswasmetwith____25____,soshecalledtheideaRunTalkRunandstartedasking____26____ontheinternetinstead.____27____,RobsonwouldwaitnearLondonBridgeeveryThursdayeveningwitha5Kinmind.Asasmall____28____developed,shemovedthebasetoagyminSouthwark,anddevelopedsome____29____:runasslowastheslowestrunnerandbethereto____30____,notadvise;it’sfriend-to-friendsupport,not____31____help.Robsonstressessheisneitheratherapistnorarunning____32____.In2018,JennieOliver____33____RunTalkRunonInstagramandaskedRobsonifshecouldsetupasecondgroupinPeterborough.Ithascarriedon____34____thatway.RunTalkRunnowincludes150volunteer-ledgroupsworldwide.“It’sso____35____towatchothersspeakfreelyandbecomemoreconfident,”Robsonsays.21.A.drag B.leave C.pick D.send22.A.goingthrough B.askingfor C.takingin D.openingup23.A.reason B.option C.strength D.courage24.A.familiar B.safe C.rare D.quiet25.A.enthusiasm B.criticism C.silence D.praise26.A.colleagues B.partners C.strangers D.fans27.A.Instantly B.Initially C.Eventually D.Temporarily28.A.audience B.following C.population D.family29.A.guidelines B.interests C.orders D.theories30.A.learn B.run C.listen D.compete31.A.financial B.emotional C.moral D.professional32.A.coach B.athlete C.organizer D.sponsor33.A.promoted B.found C.upgraded D.tracked34.A.surviving B.sharing C.growing D.exploring35.A.pleasant B.fortunate C.appealing D.memorable【正确答案】21.A22.D23.D24.B25.C26.C27.B28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.B34.C35.A【导语】文章主要讲述杰西卡因生活压力通过跑步解压，随后创立跑步互助社群，助力人们交流心理健康并不断发展壮大的暖心故事。【21题详解】考查动词。句意：2017年年中，杰西卡・罗布森不堪伦敦生活与工作的双重压力，开始每个周末回到东萨塞克斯郡的父母家中，母亲会拉着她出门，在周日一起跑步锻炼。A.drag拖拽；B.leave离开；C.pick挑选；D.send派送。根据前文“JessicaRobsonbeganreturningeveryweekendtoherparents