河北省唐山市一模英语试题

唐山市2025年普通高等学校招生统一考试第一次模拟演练英语本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试时长120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutsaying“Iloveyou”tohisparents?A.Powerful.B.Natural.C.Awkward.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?AAplanet.B.Abook.C.Awriter.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabank.C.Inastore.4.Whydidthewomanmakethecall?A.Torequestassistance.B.Toreportherlocation.C.Toplainabouttheservice.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Drivingacar.B.Fixingaheater.C.Examiningapatient.第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’sthetemperaturelikelytobetomorrow?A.36degrees.B.18degrees.C.9degrees.7Whatwillthespeakersdonext?ARestindoors.B.Visitthestation.C.Fetchthesister.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhichclassdidthemaninviteStephto?A.Yoga.B.Swimming.C.Boxing.9.WhatdoesthemanthinkaboutSteph’sroutine?A.Standard.B.Intense.C.Inefficient.10.Whatdothespeakersplantodothisweekend?A.Joinanewclass.B.Enjoyleisureactivities.C.Rearrangetheirfitnessgoals.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthewomanetothecentre?A.Todoaninterview.B.Tohelpouttheanimals.C.Tolearnfromthevolunteers.12.Whatisthebiggestchallengeforthecentre?A.Lackofmoney.B.Limitedmedicalstaff.C.Decreasingdonations.13.Whatwilltheydonext?A.Feedthebirds.B.Dosomecleaning.C.Providemedicalcare.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Librarianandreader.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Receptionistandcustomer.15.Whichunitisaboutmotivation?A.ManagingPeople.B.OrganizationalBehavior.C.IndividualandGroupBehavior.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheentryrequirements?A.Simple.B.Practical.C.Strict.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatthekeychangeregardingtheproduct?A.Itsdesign.B.Itsfunction.C.Itsconsumer.18.Whatcanwelearnaboutthedesignoftheproduct?A.Itisuserfriendly.B.Itisofblackmetal.C.Itiseasyfordrinking.19.Whycantheteamlaunchthebothsizestogether?A.Theyarededicated.B.Theyarecreative.C.Theyareknowledgeable.20.Whenwilltheproductgotothemarket?A.Inonemonth.B.Intwomonths.C.Inthreemonths.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATomaintainandimprovetheUK’srailfacilities,NetworkRailhastocarryoutregularplannedengineeringwork.Theworkisnormallydoneatweekends,onbankholidaysanafter22:00duringtheweek,butitmayalsoaffectourservicesatothertimes.Insomecases,timetableswillnotbeconfirmeduntillessthantheusual12weeksbeforetravel.Youcanbookticketsinadvance.Pleasenotethereareonlyalimitednumberofticketsassignedperjourney,andourAdvancefaresareavailableupuntil23:59thedaybeforeyoutravel.IfyoubuyanAdvanceticketforatrainthatissubsequentlychangedorcancelled,wewillreturnyourmoney.RevisedlatenightearlymorningSoutheasternservicesfromMonday20toFriday24January.Date:20January–24January2025Routesaffected:VariousSoutheasternservicesEngineeringworkistakingplaceatvariouslocationsontheSoutheasternnetwork,closingsomelinesovernightfromMondayeveninguntilFridaymorning.MondaytoThursday:The22:45LondonCharingCrosstoHastings(Monday,TuesdayandThursdayonly)willrunnonstopbetweenTunbridgeWellsandStLeonardsWarriorSquare.From23:45untiltheendofserviceaccessiblebusesreplacetrainsbetweenTunbridgeWellsandHastingsandwillrunbetween:TunbridgeWellsandStLeonardsWarriorSquare/Hastings(callingatWadhurst,Battle&WestStLeonards)TuesdayandWednesday:The00:26LondonCannonStreettoDartfordthroughGreenwichwillbereroutedtorunthroughBexleyheath.AnaccessiblebuswillrunbetweenLondonandDartfordGreenwich.WednesdayandThursday:The23:24LondonStPancrasInternationaltoMargatethroughCanterburyWestservicewillbereplacedbyanaccessiblebusbetweenMinsterandMargatecallingatallstationsexceptDumptonPark.Pleasebeadvisedthatreplacementvehiclesmaybebusierthanusual,andyoushouldallowextratimeforyourjourney.1.Whattypeis?A.Guide. B.Report. C.Proposal. D.Notice.2.Howmanydaysdoestheengineeringworklast?A.5. B.4. C.3. D.2.3.WhichstationdoestheLondonCannonStreettoDartfordrailrouteskip?A.Dartford. B.Bexleyheath.C.Greenwich. D.DumptonPark.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了英国铁路网络为维护和改进铁路设施而进行的定期工程工作，特别是东南铁路在特定日期和时间段内的服务变动情况，包括列车取消、改道及替代公交服务等信息【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“TomaintainandimprovetheUK’srailfacilities,NetworkRailhastocarryoutregularplannedengineeringwork.(为了维护和改善英国的铁路设施，NetworkRail必须进行定期的计划工程工作。)”和接着文章详细介绍了工程工作的具体时间、受影响的路线以及替代交通安排等信息可知，这是一篇关于铁路工程工作及其对相关列车服务影响的通知。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“RevisedlatenightearlymorningSoutheasternservicesfromMonday20toFriday24January.(1月20日（周一）至24日（周五）东南铁路深夜至清晨服务调整。)”和“EngineeringworkistakingplaceatvariouslocationsontheSoutheasternnetwork,closingsomelinesovernightfromMondayeveninguntilFridaymorning.(东南铁路网络的多个地点正在进行工程工作，从周一晚上到周五早上，一些线路将连夜关闭。)”可知，工程工作从周一晚上开始，一直持续到周五早上，总共5天。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据TuesdayandWednesday:部分的“The00:26LondonCannonStreettoDartfordthroughGreenwichwillbereroutedtorunthroughBexleyheath.AnaccessiblebuswillrunbetweenLondonandDartfordGreenwich.(00:26从伦敦坎农街出发经格林威治到达特福德的列车将改道经过贝克斯利希思。一辆无障碍公交车将在伦敦和达特福德格林威治之间运行。)”可知，原本的铁路路线是经过格林威治的，但现在改道了，所以跳过了格林威治站。故选C。BMarilynnMoe,80,isaresidentoftheHomestead,aseniorlivingandcaremunityinRochester,Minnesota,managedbyMark.MarkfellforMarilynn’scharmin2012,thedayhecametointerviewforthejob.Hewasstandinginthehallway,hopinghedidn’tlookasnervousashefelt,whenastylishlydressedwomanwalkedrightuptohim.“Goodmorning,”shesaid.“I’mMarilynn.Ihopeeverythingworksoutforyou.”Shegavehimsuchawarmsmilethathecouldn’thelpbutsmileback,nervesforgotten.Hegotthejob,anditdidn’ttakelongforhimtorealizewhatatreasureMarilynnwas.She’darrivedherselfonlytwoyearsbefore,movingfromFargo.Itwasahugechange.Shelovedteaching,seeingherstudents’skillsandconfidencegrow.WouldshefindsomethingasfulfillingattheHomestead?“Icouldhavejustsatinmyapartment”shesays,“butIwasn’tgoingtodothat.”Marilynnnoticedthatmostpeoplekepttothemselvesanddidn’tknowmuchabouttheirneighbors,soshestartedamonthlynewers’gettogether.Onebyonethey’dgoaroundthecircleandshareafunfactaboutthemselvesasanicebreaker.Shewenttothemonthlywomen’sbreakfast.Toherdisappointment,onlythreeorfourothersshowedup.Shetookover,eachmonthlininguponeoftheresidentstogiveatalkaboutaspecialinterest,tripsthey’dtaken,formercareers,evenmoreweightytopics.Shepersonallyinvitedwomentoattend.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheroomwaspacked.Shegaveoutbirthdaycards,usingtheHomestead’smonthlynewslettertogetthedates.Sheplayedthepianoforchurchservicesandspecialoccasions.Marilynndidn’tnoticeanythingdifferentabouttheHomestead,butothersdid.“Thesechangesyou’remaking,they’regreat,”theresidentswouldtellMark.“Keepitup.”Markknewhewasn’ttheonewhodeservedthecredit.Marilynnwasn’ttryingtobeeanoticeablefigure.Shecareddeeplyaboutthepeoplearoundher,doingsonaturallyandwithoutintendingtoseekrecognition.4.HowdidMarkfeelaftermeetingMarilynninthehallway?A.Amused. B.Worried. C.Astonished. D.Relieved.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fulfilling”meaninParagraph3?A.Spirituallysatisfying. B.Trulyforting.C.Extremelyinteresting. D.Incrediblychallenging.6.WhydidMarilynntakeoverorganizingthewomen’sbreakfast?A.Toimproveitsquality. B.Topromotehealthyeating.C.Tomakeitmoreengaging. D.Toshowherpersonalpower.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMarilynn’scontributionstothemunity?A.TheygounrecognisedbyMark. B.Theyefromhercaringnature.C.Theyareusedtogainherinfluence. D.TheyarefarfromMark’sexpectation.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述养老社区住户玛丽莲以无私关怀改善社区生活，传递温暖的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Shegavehimsuchawarmsmilethathecouldn’thelpbutsmileback,nervesforgotten.(她给了他一个温暖的微笑，他忍不住也笑了笑，忘记了紧张。)”可知，马克在走廊遇见玛丽莲后忘记了紧张，即松了一口气，放松并如释重负的感觉。故选D。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段“Itwasahugechange.Shelovedteaching,seeingherstudents’skillsandconfidencegrow.(这是一个巨大的变化。她喜欢教书，看着学生的技能和信心增长。)”可知，玛丽莲在这里作教书工作，帮助学生成长，她在这的工作充实而有意义。由此推断划线单词的含义是“充实的，有意义的”。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Shewenttothemonthlywomen’sbreakfast.Toherdisappointment,onlythreeorfourothersshowedup.Shetookover,eachmonthlininguponeoftheresidentstogiveatalkaboutaspecialinterest,tripsthey’dtaken,formercareers,evenmoreweightytopics.Shepersonallyinvitedwomentoattend.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheroomwaspacked.(她去参加每月一次的妇女早餐会。令她失望的是，只有三四个人来了。她接手了工作，每个月都安排一名住院医生来做演讲，谈论他们的特殊兴趣、旅行经历、以前的职业，甚至更重要的话题。她亲自邀请女性参加。没过多久房间里就挤满了人。)”可知，玛丽莲要接管妇女早餐的组织工作之前，很少有人参加，于是她安排演讲，谈论各种有趣，重要的话题，在这之后参加的人越来越多，由此可知，玛丽莲要接管妇女早餐的组织工作是为了吸引更多的人参与进来。故选C。7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Marilynnwasn’ttryingtobeeanoticeablefigure.Shecareddeeplyaboutthepeoplearoundher,doingsonaturallyandwithoutintendingtoseekrecognition.(玛丽莲并不想成为一个引人注目的人物。她很自然地关心周围的人，并没有刻意寻求别人的认可。)”可知，玛丽莲做出贡献，是因为她天性善良。故选B。CMyhusband,Haywood,reachedretirementageafter37yearsofteachingthissummer.IamexcitedtohavemoretimewiththepersonIlikebestintheworld.Theonlydownsidewashisstuff.Whatdoeshedowithallthebooks?Haywoodbroughthome,allthebooks,toahousealreadypiledupwiththebookspasseddownfromourparentsaftertheypassedaway.Everybookshelfinthehouse—andtherearealotofbookshelvesinthishouse—wasalreadystuffedbeyondmoving.Peoplehavebeenarguingthatprintisdead,orabouttobedead.Itisnotdeadinthishouse.Wewriteinbooks.Wefoldpagesandunderlinepassagesanddrawlittlestarsattheedgesofthepages.Beforetheobjectionsbegin,letmesaythatIam100percentinfavorofeverykindofreadingthereis:ebooks,audiobooks,Braillebooks,graphicbooks,younameit.Nevertheless.IwillalwayspreferabookIcanholdinmyhand,thekindthatsmellsofpaperandglue.Thematerialfeelofitpleasesme.Forme,abookmadeofpaperwillalwaysbeabeautifulobjectthatwarmsaroomevenasitexpands(orentertains,orchallenges,orinforms,orforts)amind,andabookcasewillalwaysrepresenttimeitself.Iwalkpastoneofourbookcases,andIcantellyouexactlywhyaparticularbookisstillthere,neverremovedasspacegrewlimited.WhenIrereadabookfrommyownshelves,Imeetmyownyoungerself.IamwhatIhavereadfarmoresurelythanIamwhatIhaveeaten.Bylookingatourbookshelves,Icantellyouwhomyhusbandwas,too.OurbooksensurethatIamstillsurroundedbyalltheselvesIhaveeverbeen,andalltheselvesmyhusbandhasbeen.Ipreferthemessyshelves,thefoldedpages,thenoteswritteninafamiliarhand.8.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheHaywoodfamily?A.Theypushreadingbroadly. B.Theyshowofftheirbooks,C.Theyshouldlimittheirbooks. D.Theyhaveareadingtradition.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsebooks?A.Supportive. B.Grateful. C.Passionate. D.Curious.10.Whycanpaperbookswarmaroomaccordingtotheauthor?A.Theycalmpeople’smind. B.Theyholdemotionalmemories.C.Theydecoratetheroomwell. D.Theyimprovethefamilyrelation.11.Whatisthebesttitlefor?A.MyBooks,MyMoods B.MyBookshelf,MyselfC.MyTietoMyHusband D.MyPreferencetoPrintBooks【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者对纸质书的深厚情感与偏爱。作者丈夫退休后，家中书籍堆积如山，但这并未让作者感到困扰，反而让她倍感亲切。书架上的书籍见证了作者和丈夫的历程，是时间的见证者。因此，作者坚称纸质书在她心中有着不可替代的地位。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Haywoodbroughthome,allthebooks,toahousealreadypiledupwiththebookspasseddownfromourparentsaftertheypassedaway.Everybookshelfinthehouse—andtherearealotofbookshelvesinthishouse—wasalreadystuffedbeyondmoving.(海伍德把所有的书都带回家，我们的家里已经堆满了父母去世后留下的书。房子里的每个书架——这个房子里有很多书架——都已经塞得无法移动了)”可知，海伍德家族有阅读的传统。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Beforetheobjectionsbegin,letmesaythatIam100percentinfavorofeverykindofreadingthereis:ebooks,audiobooks,Braillebooks,graphicbooks,younameit.(在反对开始之前，我想说，我百分之百地支持所有的阅读方式：电子书、有声书、盲文书、图文书，应有尽有)”可知，作者对电子书的态度是支持。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Forme,abookmadeofpaperwillalwaysbeabeautifulobjectthatwarmsaroomevenasitexpands(orentertains,orchallenges,orinforms,orforts)amind,andabookcasewillalwaysrepresenttimeitself.Iwalkpastoneofourbookcases,andIcantellyouexactlywhyaparticularbookisstillthere,neverremovedasspacegrewlimited.(对我来说，一本纸做的书永远是一件美丽的东西，它温暖了一个房间，即使它扩展了（或娱乐，或挑战，或告知，或安慰）一个心灵，书柜永远代表着时间本身。当我走过我们的一个书柜时，我可以确切地告诉你为什么某本书还在那里，因为空间变得有限而从未移走)”可知，纸书可以温暖房间是因为它们拥有情感记忆。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“OurbooksensurethatIamstillsurroundedbyalltheselvesIhaveeverbeen,andalltheselvesmyhusbandhasbeen.Ipreferthemessyshelves,thefoldedpages,thenoteswritteninafamiliarhand.(我们的书确保我仍然被我曾经的自己和我丈夫曾经的自己所包围。我更喜欢凌乱的书架，折叠的书页，用熟悉的笔迹写的笔记)”以及本文讲述了作者对纸质书的深厚情感与偏爱。作者丈夫退休后，家中书籍堆积如山，但这并未让作者感到困扰，反而让她倍感亲切，书架上的书籍见证了作者和丈夫的历程，是时间的见证者，因此，作者坚称纸质书在她心中有着不可替代的地位，可知，B选项“我的书架和我自己”最符合文章标题。故选B。DWhenSherlockHolmesaskedDr.Watsontoconsiderthepreviousnight’s“curiousincident”involvingadog,Watsonrepliedthatnothinghadhappened.“Thatwasthecuriousincident,”observedHolmes.ThisclueenabledHolmestoconcludethatthemurderermusthavebeensomeonefamiliartothevictim’sdogbecausethedogdidnotbarkwhenthemurdererappeared.Mostpeoplewouldmissthisimportantcluebecause,likeWatson,theypaylittleattentiontononoccurrences.Ineverydaylife,consumersoftenmakedecisionsbasedonbriefdescriptionsofproductsinadvertisementsandotheronesidedpromotionalmaterials.Whyarepeoplewillingtomakedecisionsbasedonlimitedinformation?Peopleareaccustomedtousingwhateverevidenceisreadilyavailabletothem—howeverinsufficient—attheexpenseofotherinformationthatpersuadersfailtomention.Omissionneglect(insensitivitytounmentionedoptions,features,issues,orpossibilities)isparticularlyproblematicgiventhenatureoftheworld.Informationdescribingalternatives—suchasjobapplicants,consumerproducts,medicalprocedures,anddecisionoutes—variesdramaticallyacrosssituations.Somealternativesarediscussedatconsiderablelength,whileothersaredescribedonlybriefly.Tosomeextent,nearlyeverythingisdescribedintermsoflimitedorinpleteevidence.Researchonomissionneglecthasshownthatpeopleoftenfailtodetecttheabsenceofimportantmissinginformation,andthisleadspeopletoformstrongbeliefsonthebasisofweakevidence.Strongbeliefsarebeliefsthatareoverlyextremeandheldwithahighdegreeofconfidence.Ingeneral,peopleshouldformmoreextremebeliefswhenmoreratherthanlessinformationisavailable.However,whenpeopleareinsensitivetoomissions,peopleformextremebeliefsregardlessofhowlittleisknownaboutatopic,accordingtoSanbonmatsu’sconclusion.TheresultsofresearchpublishedbySanbonmatsusuggestthatomissionneglectoccursbecausemissinginformationisnotverynoticeable.Tothatthisistrue,omissionneglectshouldbereducedwhentheimportanceofmissinginformationisenhanced.Moremoderatejudgmentsaremadewhenpeoplearesensitivetoomissionsduetoaclearwarningthatthegiveninformationisinplete,duetoveryhighlevelsofpriorknowledgeaboutthetargetobjectorissue,orduetoparisonprocessesthatmakeitpainfullyobviousthatsomeobjectsaredescribedbyalargeamountofinformationwhereasothersaredescribedbyasmallamount.12.WhatledSherlockHolmestohisconclusion?A.Watson’speculiarreply. B.Hisobservationofthevictim.C.Theabsenceofthedog’sbarking. D.Thetimeofthemurderer’sappearance.13.Whatdopeopletendtodowhenmakingdecisions?A.Analysethepersuaders. B.Gathermoreinformation.C.Assesstheinfluenceofthedecisions. D.Failtonoticewhatisunmentioned.14.WhatisSanbonmatsu’sconclusion?A.Moreinformationbuildsconfidence. B.Weakevidencecanleadtostrongbeliefs.C.Mostpeopleliketochallengethemselves. D.Itishardtoknoweverythingaboutatopic.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphintendtodo?A.Debateaboutthetruthofinformation.B.Warnpeopleagainstinpleteinformation.C.Increasetheawarenessofmissinginformation.D.Improvepeople’sabilitytopareinformation.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了人们在决策时往往忽略未提及的信息，即“遗漏忽视”(omissionneglect)现象，并通过福尔摩斯的例子说明了这一现象的影响。文章还引用了Sanbonmatsu的研究，指出人们如何因遗漏忽视而形成极端信念，并提出了减少遗漏忽视的方法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ThisclueenabledHolmestoconcludethatthemurderermusthavebeensomeonefamiliartothevictim’sdogbecausethedogdidnotbarkwhenthemurdererappeared.(这一线索使福尔摩斯得出结论，凶手一定是受害者狗熟悉的人，因为狗在凶手出现时没有吠叫。)”可知，福尔摩斯是通过狗没有吠叫这一现象得出凶手是熟人这一结论的。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Peopleareaccustomedtousingwhateverevidenceisreadilyavailabletothem—howeverinsufficient—attheexpenseofotherinformationthatpersuadersfailtomention.(人们习惯于使用他们容易获得的任何证据——无论多么不充分——而忽略了说服者未提及的其他信息)”可知，人们在决策时往往会忽略未提及的信息。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Researchonomissionneglecthasshownthatpeopleoftenfailtodetecttheabsenceofimportantmissinginformation,andthisleadspeopletoformstrongbeliefsonthebasisofweakevidence.(关于遗漏忽视的研究表明，人们往往无法察觉到重要信息的缺失，这导致人们基于薄弱的证据形成强烈的信念)”和“However,whenpeopleareinsensitivetoomissions,peopleformextremebeliefsregardlessofhowlittleisknownaboutatopic,accordingtoSanbonmatsu’sconclusion.(然而，根据Sanbonmatsu的结论，当人们对遗漏不敏感时，人们就会形成极端的信念，而不管对一个话题了解有多少。)”可知，Sanbonmatsu的结论是薄弱的证据可能导致强烈的信念。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“TheresultsofresearchpublishedbySanbonmatsusuggestthatomissionneglectoccursbecausemissinginformationisnotverynoticeable.Tothatthisistrue,omissionneglectshouldbereducedwhentheimportanceofmissinginformationisenhanced.Moremoderatejudgmentsaremadewhenpeoplearesensitivetoomissionsduetoaclearwarningthatthegiveninformationisinplete,duetoveryhighlevelsofpriorknowledgeaboutthetargetobjectorissue,orduetoparisonprocessesthatmakeitpainfullyobviousthatsomeobjectsaredescribedbyalargeamountofinformationwhereasothersaredescribedbyasmallamount.(Sanbonmatsu发表的研究结果表明，遗漏忽视的发生是因为缺失的信息不是很明显。在这种情况下，当缺失信息的重要性增强时，应减少遗漏忽视。当人们对遗漏敏感时，会做出更温和的判断，因为有明确的警告称给定的信息是不完整的，由于对目标对象或问题的先验知识水平很高，或者由于比较过程，很明显一些对象是由大量信息描述的，而另一些对象则是由少量信息描述的)”可推知结论，最后一段的目的是提高人们对缺失信息的意识。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouarethekindofpersonwhooverreactsandrushesin,Igetit.Youmightthinkyoucanescapethepainofwhatyouareexperiencingbygettingoverlyeagerandtakingcontrol.Iusedtooverreact,buttheproblemwasitneverseemedtohelp.___16___Itbroughtaboutmoredrama,stress,confusion,andchaos.Overreactingfeltlikeexperiencingthesamethingtwice.Tobeclear,I’mnotsayingthereisn’tplentytobeangryaboutintheworld.Iamalsonotforamomentsuggestingyouturnyourbackonimportantissues.I’msayingthatoverreactingisnotwhereourpowerlies.___17___Theartofunderreactingistomovefromangertomakingarealdifferencewhilestilltakingcareofourselves.Youwon’tbeabletocollectyourselfuntilyounoticethatit’stimetoprotectyourpeace.Thegoodnewsisthatonceyounotice,youareusuallyonlyonedeepbreathorafewmoreawayfromrestoringyourpeace.Remember,beinggentleisn’tpretendingthatthingsareperfectorignoringpaininourselvesorintheworld.___18___Ifit’snottimetotakeabiggerstep,consideronetinystep.___19___Afiveminutepausecanmakeadifference.Takeatimeoutbysimplywaitingtorespondorbysaying,“Ineedtimetothinkaboutthis;let’spausetheconversation.”Thisisespeciallyhelpfulifyoufeelfloodedwithemotions.It’sOKtotakealittletime.___20___Sometimesthepausethatyouneedmaybescreamingintoyourpilloworcryingtofriends.Underreactingisn’taboutappearingperfectlycalmforthosearoundyou.It’sabouttakingcareofyourselfandlimitingharmintimesofgreatanxietyandconfusion.A.Practicepausing.B.Instead,italwaysmadethingsworse.C.It’showyouprotectandfeedyourself.D.Youdon’thavetobestrongallthetime.E.Asyougetangrier,youbeebothered.F.Ratherispotentiallyinunderreacting.G.It’ssimplymovingthroughwithmoreattention,passion,andhope.【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.A20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在面对生活中的挑战和困难时，如何避免过度反应，并通过更加温和、理智的方式来应对。【16题详解】根据上文“Iusedtooverreact,buttheproblemwasitneverseemedtohelp.(我以前经常反应过度，但问题是这似乎从来没有什么帮助。)”和下文“Itbroughtaboutmoredrama,stress,confusion,andchaos.Overreactingfeltlikeexperiencingthesamethingtwice.(它带来了更多的戏剧性、压力、困惑和混乱。过度反应就像经历了两次同样的事情。)”可知，上下文说明过度反应不仅没有帮助，反而带来了更多的问题。选项B“相反，它总是让事情变得更糟”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】上文“I’msayingthatoverreactingisnotwhereourpowerlies.(我是说，我们的力量不在于过度反应。)”提到过度反应并不是我们力量的来源，下文“Theartofunderreactingistomovefromangertomakingarealdifferencewhilestilltakingcareofourselves.(少反应的艺术在于从愤怒转变为真正有所作为，同时仍然照顾好自己。)”提到少反应（即不过度反应）是一种更好的应对方式。选项F“相反，它潜在地存在于反应不足中”能够连接上下文，说明我们的力量可能在于不过度反应，即少反应，符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】上文“Remember,beinggentleisn’tpretendingthatthingsareperfectorignoringpaininourselvesorintheworld.(记住，温和并不是假装一切都很完美，或者忽视我们自己或世界上的痛苦。)”强调了温和的态度并不是逃避现实，选项G“它只是以更多的关注、同情和希望继续前行”能够承接上文，说明温和的态度是以更多的关注、同情和希望来面对现实，符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】下文“Afiveminutepausecanmakeadifference.Takeatimeoutbysimplywaitingtorespondorbysaying,“Ineedtimetothinkaboutthis;let’spausetheconversation.”Thisisespeciallyhelpfulifyoufeelfloodedwithemotions.(五分钟暂停就能带来改变。只需等待回应，或者说，“我需要时间考虑一下；让我们暂停对话。”如果你感到情绪泛滥，这尤其有帮助。)”强调了暂停的重要性，说明在情绪激动时，暂停一下可以帮助我们更好地处理情绪。选项A“练习暂停”能够引出下文，符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】下文“Sometimesthepausethatyouneedmaybescreamingintoyourpilloworcryingtofriends.(有时候，你需要的暂停可能是对着枕头尖叫，或者向朋友哭诉。)”说明有时候我们需要释放自己的情绪，不必一直坚强。选项D“你不必一直坚强”能够引出下文，符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ilivednear27collegestudents,thesoundsofbeerpongextendinglateintothenight.Beerpongisadrinkinggame.Itinvolvesa___21___withcupsofbeerateitherend.Playerstaketurnstryingtothrowapingpongballintooneofthecupsattheoppositeendofthetable.Whentheballlandsinacup,theopponent___22___drinkthecontentsofthatcup.Thegamecontinuesuntiltheplayer___23___theopponent’scupsfirstandwins.Ihadtomovetoa___24___partoftown.Aweeklater,however,astudentsetabeerpongtablenearmynewhouse.WhenIsawit,thememoriesofloudcollegestudentsfueledmy___25___.SoIstormedrightuptohishouse,pastthat___26___table,andtoldhimthatithadtogo.Iexpectedhimtoapologize.Instead,hereturnedmyangerinthe___27___manner.“Whatgivesyoutherighttomakesucha___28___?”Hisresistancemademeevenangrier.Bumorning,Iwokeup,fullof___29___.Whycouldn’tIkeepittogether?Ideterminedtomakethings____30____.Iwalkedwhatfeltlike____31____tothekid’sdoorstep.Iofferedaplateofcookies,sayingthattheperson—theonewiththe____32____finger—wasn’ttheoneIwantedtobe.“Wouldyouplease____33____me?”Iasked.Forone____34____moment,Ipicturedhimslappingtheplatefromunderneath.Instead,hisanger____35____.HesaidthepersonImetyesterdayhadn’tbeenhim,either.Ipassedtheplateofcookiesover,myhandsshaking.21.A.map B.box C.table D.bag22.A.can B.must C.may D.dare23.A.clears B.replaces C.breaks D.gets24.A.cleaner B.richer C.busier D.quieter25.A.anger B.fear C.curiosity D.passion26.A.round B.stupid C.beautiful D.strong27.A.slow B.formal C.careful D.similar28.A.choice B.difference C.demand D.deal29.A.shame B.pride C.hope D.energy30.A.simple B.right C.pleasant D.smooth31.A.inches B.feet C.meters D.miles32.A.tapping B.waving C.pointing D.dancing33.A.follow B.forgive C.remember D.help34.A.horrible B.magical C.unforgettable D.rare35.A.blewover B.cameout C.meltedaway D.builtup【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B31.D32.C33.B34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为忍受不了附近大学生玩啤酒乒乓游戏的噪音而搬家，但新住处附近又有人设了啤酒乒乓桌，作者愤怒地去理论，但第二天感到羞愧，于是决定去道歉并请求原谅，最终双方和解的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它涉及一张桌子，桌子两端放着装有啤酒的杯子。A.map地图；B.box盒子；C.table桌子；D.bag袋子。根据下文“ateitherendofthetable”可知，啤酒乒乓游戏需要一张桌子，桌子两端放着装有啤酒的杯子。故选C。【22题详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：当球落入杯子时，对手必须喝掉那个杯子里的酒。A.can能够；B.must必须；C.may也许；D.dare敢于。根据啤酒乒乓游戏的规则可知，当球落入杯子时，对手必须喝掉那个杯子里的酒。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：游戏一直持续到玩家首先清空对方的杯子并获胜为止。A.clears清空；B.replaces替换；C.breaks打破；D.gets得到。根据“theopponent’scupsfirstandwins”可知，游戏规则是一直持续到玩家首先清空对方的杯子并获胜为止。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不搬到城里一个更安静的地方。A.cleaner更干净的；B.richer更富有的；C.busier更忙碌的；D.quieter更安静的。根据上文“thesoundsofbeerpongextendinglateintothenight”可知，因为忍受不了噪音，所以作者要搬到城里一个更安静的地方。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到它时，那些吵闹的大学生的记忆激起了我的愤怒。A.anger愤怒；B.fear恐惧；C.curiosity好奇心；D.passion激情。根据下文“SoIstormedrightuptohishouse”可知，作者很生气，所以冲到了那个学生的家里。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我直接冲到他家，经过那张愚蠢的桌子，告诉他必须把它搬走。A.round圆的；B.stupid愚蠢的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.strong强壮的。根据上文“SoIstormedrightuptohishouse”可知，作者很生气，故此处“愚蠢的桌子”能表达当时愤怒的情感。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，他以类似的方式回应我的愤怒。A.slow缓慢的；B.formal正式的；C.careful仔细的；D.similar相似的。根据“returnedmyanger”可知，那个学生以类似的方式回应作者的愤怒。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你凭什么提出这样的要求？A.choice选择；B.difference差异；C.demand要求；D.deal交易。根据上文“toldhimthatithadtogo”可知，作者要求那个学生把桌子搬走，所以那个学生问作者凭什么提出这样的要求。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第二天早上醒来，我满心羞愧。A.shame羞愧；B.pride骄傲；C.hope希望；D.energy能量。根据下文“Whycouldn’tIkeepittogether?”可知，作者觉得自己没有控制好情绪，所以感到羞愧。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我决定把事情做对。A.simple简单的；B.right正确的；C.pleasant愉快的；D.smooth顺利的。根据下文“Iofferedaplateofcookies”可知，作者决定去道歉，想把事情做对。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走着，感觉像走了好几英里才走到那孩子的家门口。A.inches英寸；B