安徽省阜阳市2025-2026学年度高三上学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷

阜阳市度高三教学质量监测试卷英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Onafarm. B.Bytheseaside. C.Inthecitycenter.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Alan,Idon’tbelieveit—meetingyouinthebusieststreetinLondon!M:Hey,Suzie!Greattoseeyou!HaveyouandBrianstillgotyourcountrycottage?W:No,wesolditandboughtanapartmentbythesea.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tobookaroom.B.Toreportaproblem.C.Toaskaboutarefrigerator.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Reception.HowcanIhelpyou?W:Hello,thisisSallyWhiteinRoom447.I’mafraidthere’ssomethingwrongwiththeairconditioner.M:Oh,I’msorry,Ms.White.I’llsendsomeoneuptocheckitimmediately.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Encouragingthewoman.B.Interviewingthewoman.C.plainingtothewoman.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Well,itdidn’tgoquiteasexpected.IthoughtI’dbelearningquickly.M:Don’tworry!It’ssimplybecauseitwasthefirsttimeyou’dbeenthere,andtheteacherspokehighlyofyou.I’msureyou’lldobetternexttime.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenisthewoman'shaircutappointmentonSaturday?A.At9:30am. B.At10:30am. C.At11:30am.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,I'dliketomakeanappointmenttohavemyhaircutplease.ThisFridayorSaturdayinthemorningifyoucanmanageit.M:Mm,wecandoFridayat10:00or11:30.ThenonSaturdaythere's9:30or12:00.W:I'lltaketheearlieroneonSaturdayplease.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.WhentovisitTracy.B.WheretomeetTracy.C.WhattobringforTracy.【答案】C【解析】【原文】flowers...ngtoseeTracyinhospital,butIcan’tthinkofwhattotakeher.Peoplealwaystakeflowers...W:Soshe’llhavelotsalready.Whataboutbringingherthatnewlypublishednovel?It’snicetohavesomethingtoread.M:Goodidea.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?ATeammates. B.Familymembers. C.Teacherandstudent.7.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Confused. B.Humorous. C.Optimistic.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodpetition,despitetheresult.M:Doyouthinkso?Wecouldhavedonebetter.Ourfirstlegrunnerwasveryfastthough.W:He’sbeendoinganimpressivejobthisseason.Ashavewe,andtherestoftheteam.M:Pitywecan’tsaythesameforthejudges.I’msuretheywerefavoringouropponents.W:Idon’tthinkso.Theywerejustdoingtheirjob.We’llmakeituptomorrow!M:IwishIsharedyourenthusiasm.We’vegotalongwaytogoifwewanttowinthechampionship.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whichfielddoestheman’shistoryprofessorsuggesthechoose?A.Education. B.Politics. C.Literature.9.Whyisthemaninterestedinbeingaputerengineer?A.Hecanworkonhisown.B.Helikestorepairelectronics.C.Hewantstoearnahighsalary.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】W:Ican’tdecidewhatIwanttodowithmylife.Haveyouthoughtaboutit,Andrew?M:Yes.MyhistoryprofessorsaysIshouldthinkaboutacareerinpolitics.ButIdon’tthinkI’dmakeagoodpolitician.Politicianshavetoworkwithpeopleoften,butI’mnotgoodatthat.W:That’strue.Haveyoueverthoughtofbeinganovelist?M:Well,honestly,IthinkI’dmakeagoodputerengineer.Iloveworkingbymyself,eithersolvingproblemsormakingnewthings.W:Yeah,youwould!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Howdidthewomanfindoutabouttheman’sact?A.Fromapaper. B.Fromavideo. C.Fromafriend.11.Howmanyfamiliesintheman’sbuildingaresingleparentfamilies?A.5. B.7. C.10.12.Whatdoesthemanintendtodoaftertheholiday?A.Holdaweleparty.B.Findapermanentjob.C.Runalearningsession.13.WhatdoweknowaboutKarenDunn?A.Sheteachesmath.B.Shehastwosons.C.Sheownsawebsite.【答案】10.B11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Richard,IjustsawthisamazingvideoofyouonWeibo.Imean,offeringamonthoffreerenttoyourrenters?That’ssogenerous!M:Well,youknow,Igrewupinpublichousing,andIknewhowdifficultitwas.Inmyapartmentbuilding,thereare10familiesandhalfofthemaresingleparentswithkids.Iwantedtodosomethingforthesefamilies,soIorganizedapreholidaymeetingandsurprisedthemwiththegift.W:That’sreallyadmirable!M:Thanks,Anna.Rightnow,I’mplanningasessionaftertheholiday—tohelpthemlearnmathandfindpermanentjobs.Ibelievethat’sthekeytobreakingthecycleofpoverty.W:That’strue!I’msureitmeansalottothem.KarenDunn,asinglemomwithhertwoboys,seemedreallytouchedbyyourgift.Shesaiditwouldallowherfamilytocelebratemoreandworryless.M:ThalywhatIwashopingfor!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatdidthewomanworkatfirstaftergraduation?A.ATVpresenter. B.Aschoolteacher. C.Ahousepainter.15.Whatdidthewoman’scollegeprofessoraskhertodo?A.Analyzeanartwork.B.Exploretheseasons.C.Studydifferentflowers.16.Whatdoesthewomansayabouthertask?A.Itturnedoutwell.B.Itwentasplanned.C.Itwaseasytodo.17.Whatwillthewomanprobablytalkabou?A.Amuseum. B.Anexhibition. C.Apetition.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.B【解析】【原文】M:Selina,youwereparticularlyfondofdrawingatschool,weren’tyou?W:Yes,butIwentintohousepaintingaftergraduation.Mypassionfordrawingneverleftme,butIneededapracticalskilltosupportmyself.M:YoueventuallydecidedtostudyoilpaintinginCologne.Whatinspiredthatmove?W:Well,Iwantedtodosomethingmorecreative,toescapetherepetitivelifeofpaintinghouses.AnditwastherethatIwassetataskbymycollegeprofessor—toanalyzetheseasonsthroughcolorbinations.M:Suchanunusualassignment!Howdidyouapproachthat?W:Itwasdefinitelyadifficulttask,andnoneofusreallyunderstooditatfirst.Iendedupborrowingsomeoilpaintsfrommysisterandjustwentforit.Istartedwithpaintingflowersbutquicklybecameabsorbedintheexercise.Ipletelyletgo.Andtheoutewasperfect!M:Thatmusthavebeenatransformativeexperienceforyou.W:Itsurelywas.Itmademerealizethestrongconnectionbetweenartandnature.M:Iheardyou’rehavinganartexhibitionPaintDancecurrentlyattheArtisan’sMuseum.W:Yes,it’sagreatopportunityto...听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Hospitalstaff. B.Newsreporters. C.Collegestudents.19.Whatdidthescientistsmotivatethemicetodo?A.Avoidovereating.B.Runonthewheels.C.Escapefromthecages.20.Howmuchonaveragedidthemice’sbrainsgrowaftertheexperiments?A.13%. B.22%. C.30%.【答案】18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Helloeveryone,myname’sDoctorDanGray.I’mgreatlyhonoredtobeinvitedtospeakhereattheScienceandArtsCollege.Thetitleoftonight’slectureis“RunningMakesMiceClever”.Ofcourse,ithaslongbeenknownthatexercise,especiallyrunning,isgoodforthebody.However,whatislesswellknownisthatrunningisalsogoodforthebrain.Ithelpsitgrownewcells.Howcanweprovethis?Well,somescientistsdidexperimentswithmice.Themicehadrunningwheelsintheircagesandwereencouragedtorunonthembygettingextrafood.Andruntheydid.Somemiceran30kilometersadayandtheaveragewas22kilometers.Whatdidmicegetfromthisexercise?Well,whentheyengagedintherunning,theproductionofBDNF,aproteinthatpromotesthegrowthandsurvivalofnervecells,increased.Asaresult,theirbrainsgrewinsizebyanaverageof13%.That’salotofnewbrain!第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALookingforfunactivitiesforteens?Singaporeoffersalargenumberofoptions.HydroDashHydroDash,arooflesswaterbasedobstacle(障碍)course,isnowbiggerandbetterwith12newfeatureswithover30obstaclesatPalawanBeach.ThereimaginedHydroDashnowcoversanimpressive60by61metresofwaterspace.Thissubstantialenlargementacmodatesmorethan30uniqueobstacles,including12newlydesignedchallengesthatpromisetotestparticipants’agility(敏捷),strength,anddetermination.SentosaSkylineLugeandSkyrideSentosaSkylineLugeandSkyridehasofferedplentyoffunforthosewhowishtoexperiencethethrillsofrushingdownhillfromthetopofMountImbiahtothesandyshoresofSilosoBeachbelow.Goingdownhillisonlyhalfofthefun;takingtheSkyridefromthebeachtothehilltopalsoprovidesauniqueviewofSentosa.ForestAdventureForestAdventureprovideskidswithbreathtakingadventuresonaropecoursesetamidstthetreesatBedokReservoirPark.Withupgradedropecoursesthatcatertodifferentagesandlevelsofability,ForestAdventureprovidesatasteofadventureforboththeyoungandyoungatheart.WildApexAdventurePerfectforthrillseekersabove1.35m,theWildApexAdventuretakesparticipantsonanoutdoorclimbonthepeaksofthekarsts(喀斯特)andalsothetreetops,rainorshine.Thisisdefinitelynotforthefaintheartedsincegreatheightsareexpected.Thereareplentyofsafetymeasures,however.Guidesandinstructorsareconstantlycheckingonsafetybelts,ensuringeveryonestayssafe.21.WhatdoweknowaboutHydroDash?A.Itofferstrainingcourses. B.Ithasupgradeditsfacilities.C.Itisdesignedforadultsonly. D.Ithasmovedtoanewlocation.22.Whichactivityprovidesahighspeedexperience?A.HydroDash. B.ForestAdventure.C.WildApexAdventure. D.SentosaSkylineLugeandSkyride.23.Whatdothefouractivitieshaveinmon?A.Theyaimtoentertainteens. B.Theyareweatherdependent.C.Theyareoutdooradventures. D.Theyrequireprofessionalskills.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡适合青少年的四项趣味户外探险活动，分别介绍各活动的场地、特色及适合人群，各有不同的探险体验。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据HydroDash部分“HydroDash,arooflesswaterbasedobstacle(障碍)course,isnowbiggerandbetterwith12newfeatureswithover30obstaclesatPalawanBeach.ThereimaginedHydroDashnowcoversanimpressive60by61metresofwaterspace.Thissubstantialenlargementacmodatesmorethan30uniqueobstacles,including12newlydesignedchallengesthatpromisetotestparticipants’agility(敏捷),strength,anddetermination.(“HydroDash”无顶水上障碍赛道现已升级扩容、焕新登场！该赛道位于巴拉望海滩，新增12项特色关卡，整体障碍总数超30个。升级后的HydroDash水上区域占地达60米×61米，规模十分可观。此次大幅扩容不仅能容纳30余个风格各异的障碍设施，更包含12项全新设计的挑战关卡，专为考验参与者的敏捷度、力量与意志力而设。)”可知，HydroDash对设施进行了升级改造。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据SentosaSkylineLugeandSkyride部分“SentosaSkylineLugeandSkyridehasofferedplentyoffunforthosewhowishtoexperiencethethrillsofrushingdownhillfromthetopofMountImbiahtothesandyshoresofSilosoBeachbelow.(SentosaSkylineLugeandSkyride为所有渴望体验刺激的人带来了无尽欢乐——从英比奥山顶疾驰而下，最终抵达山脚下西乐索海滩的沙滩之上。)”可知，该项目能带来高速滑行的体验。故选D项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据各项活动的描述：HydroDash部分“HydroDash,arooflesswaterbasedobstacle(障碍)course,isnowbiggerandbetterwith12newfeatureswithover30obstaclesatPalawanBeach.(无顶式水上障碍乐园HydroDash如今全面升级，在巴拉望海滩新增12个特色项目，总障碍数超30个。)”、“HydroDash,arooflesswaterbasedobstacle(障碍)course,isnowbiggerandbetterwith12newfeatureswithover30obstaclesatPalawanBeach.(此次大幅扩容后，乐园可容纳30余种独特障碍，其中12项为全新设计，旨在考验参与者的敏捷度、力量与毅力。)”；SentosaSkylineLugeandSkyride部分“SentosaSkylineLugeandSkyridehasofferedplentyoffunforthosewhowishtoexperiencethethrillsofrushingdownhillfromthetopofMountImbiahtothesandyshoresofSilosoBeachbelow.Goingdownhillisonlyhalfofthefun;takingtheSkyridefromthebeachtothehilltopalsoprovidesauniqueviewofSentosa.(圣淘沙天际斜坡滑车与空中吊椅项目乐趣十足，适合想要体验从英比奥山顶一路俯冲至西乐索海滩沙岸的刺激感的游客。俯冲而下只是一半乐趣，乘坐空中吊椅从海滩返回山顶，还能欣赏到圣淘沙的独特风光。)”；ForestAdventure部分“ForestAdventureprovideskidswithbreathtakingadventuresonaropecoursesetamidstthetreesatBedokReservoirPark.(森林探险乐园位于勿洛蓄水池公园，依托林间绳索设施，为孩子们带来惊险刺激的探险体验。)”；WildApexAdventure部分“Perfectforthrillseekersabove1.35m,theWildApexAdventuretakesparticipantsonanoutdoorclimbonthepeaksofthekarsts(喀斯特)andalsothetreetops,rainorshine.(狂野之巅探险专为身高1.35米以上的寻求刺激者打造，无论晴雨，参与者都能在喀斯特山峰之巅与树梢间进行户外攀爬。)”可知，四项活动均为户外冒险项目。故选C项。B“Youcantrylyingdown,”saidWangZhigang,chiefcurator(策展人)ofHousesofHeaven:Immersive(沉浸式虚拟现实的)ChineseCaissonDigitalArtExhibition,toagirlvisitingtheshowinBeijing.ThegirllayonthefloorasasixsidedLEDceilinglitupaboveher,projectingvividimagesofQingDynastycaissons,orzaojing—fancywoodendome(穹顶)structuresmonlyfoundinpalacesandgrandtemples,famousfortheirplexdesign.“Inrealhistoricbuildings,Ialwayshadtoliftherontomyshoulders,andeventhen,shestillcouldn’tseethecaissonclearly,”thegirl'smothersaid.“Here,shefeelsasifthewholeceilingiswithinherreach.”AccordingtoWang,thetoweringheightofcaissonsandthefaintlightingintraditionalhallsoftenmakethedetailsdifficulttosee,leavingmuchoftheirartistryoverlooked.Tochangethat,heledateamofyoungculturalheritagespecialistsandturnedtodigitaltechnologytobringtheseancientdesignsclosertothepublic.AccordingtoZhangYuan,whosupervisedtheentireprocessfromresearchtodigitalreconstruction,thethreeminuteimmersivedisplaytookoneyearandninemonthstoplete.Sherecalledtheteam’sfieldworkinShanxiProvince.“Somesitesarerestrictedbycopyright,”Zhangsaid.“Webroughtprofessionallaserscanners(激光扫描仪),butmanybannedlargeequipmentforsafetyreasons.”Inthosecases,Zhangandherteammateshadtophotographthesitesasordinaryvisitorsandlaterusedphotogrammetrytobuild3Dmodels.Collectingthedatawasjustthefirststep.Zhangnotedthatrawscansoftencontainedlocalinaccuracies,requiringmeticulousmanualcorrection—aprocessshelikenedto“microsculpting”.For28yearoldIraniandoctoralstudentPouyaAmani,whogrewupandstudiedinChina,theprojectdrewonhisinterdisciplinarybackgroundindesignandculturalheritage.“Shiftingfromtraditionalexhibitionstoimmersiveonesisamajortrendtoday,”hesaid.“Ashortfilmwiththerightvisualscanhelpinternationalaudiencesgrasptheessenceofcaissons.Chinaisfullofculture.Thekeyisfindingsubjectsthattranslatewellintothedigitalform.”24.Whatisthefeatureoftheexhibition?A.Itoffersinteractiveexplorationsofzaojing.B.Itdigitalizestheprocessofbuildingzaojing.C.Itallowsvisitorstoseezaojing'sdetailsupclose.D.Itbringszaojingtolifethroughthelatesttechnology.25.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesthefieldworkoftheteam?A.Dangerous. B.Challenging. C.Creative. D.Encouraging.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“meticulous”inparagraph5mean?A.Thorough. B.Extensive. C.Basic. D.Swift.27.WhatiskeytopresentingChineseculturedigitallyaccordingtoPouyaAmani?A.Focusingonthemajortrend. B.Choosingappropriatesubjects.C.Targetinginternationalaudiences. D.Turningtocrosssubjectmethods.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“天宫之屋：沉浸式中国藻井数字艺术展”如何通过数字技术让公众近距离欣赏藻井的细节。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“AccordingtoWang,thetoweringheightofcaissonsandthefaintlightingintraditionalhallsoftenmakethedetailsdifficulttosee,leavingmuchoftheirartistryoverlooked.Tochangethat,heledateamofyoungculturalheritagespecialistsandturnedtodigitaltechnologytobringtheseancientdesignsclosertothepublic.(据王志刚介绍，藻井高耸的高度和传统大厅微弱的灯光常常使细节难以看清，导致其艺术性在很大程度上被忽视。为了改变这种状况，他带领一群年轻的文化遗产专家，求助于数字技术，让这些古老的设计更贴近公众)”可知，这个展览的特点是让游客近距离看到藻井的细节。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Sherecalledtheteam’sfieldworkinShanxiProvince.“Somesitesarerestrictedbycopyright,”Zhangsaid.“Webroughtprofessionallaserscanners(激光扫描仪),butmanybannedlargeequipmentforsafetyreasons.”Inthosecases,Zhangandherteammateshadtophotographthesitesasordinaryvisitorsandlaterusedphotogrammetrytobuild3Dmodels.(她回忆起团队在山西省的实地考察。“有些地点受到版权的限制，”张说。“我们带了专业的激光扫描仪，但许多地方出于安全原因禁止大型设备进入。”在这种情况下，张和她的队友不得不像普通游客一样拍摄这些地点，然后使用摄影测量法建立3D模型)”可知，该团队的实地考察工作具有挑战性。故选B。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Collectingthedatawasjustthefirststep.(收集数据只是第一步)”以及后文“aprocessshelikenedto“microsculpting”.(她将这一过程比作“微雕”)”可知，收集数据只是第一步，张指出，原始扫描通常包含局部不准确之处，需要手动校正——她将这一过程比作“微雕刻”。由此可知，划线词意思是“仔细的，彻底的”。故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Chinaisfullofculture.Thekeyisfindingsubjectsthattranslatewellintothedigitalform.(中国充满了文化。关键是要找到适合转化为数字形式的主题)”可知，根据PouyaAmani的观点，用数字方式展示中国文化的关键是选择合适的主题。故选B。CAftercenturiesofnearextinction,Europe’swolveshavemadearemarkableeback.InDenmark,theebackhasbeenmoremodest.wolvesdisappearedfromDanishforestsin1813,whentheywerehuntedinction—rememberedonlyinstoriesandfairytales.In2017,Denmarkcelebrateditsfirstconfirmedbreedingpackinmorethan200years.Today,Denmark’swolfpopulationisestimatedtobejustover40.Yeteventhissmallnumberhasbroughtaboutfiercedebatesoverlivestock(牲畜)andpublicsafetyinDenmark—oneofEurope’smostintensively(集约地)farmedcountries.Conservationistscallwolvesa‌“keystonespecies”.Thismeansthatbecausetheynaturallycontrolnumbersofdeerandotherprey,theirpresencecanallowforestsandgrasslandstorecover.YellowstoneParkintheUSisaprimeexample:Afterwolveswerereintroduced,aspenandwillowtreesflourishedforthefirsttimeindecades.ButDenmarkisnotYellowstone.Itscountrysideisabinationoffarms,townsandhighwayswithsmall,heavilymanagednaturereserves.Whetherwolvescanrestore‌“wildbalance”hereisuncertain.Indeed,forsomefarmersandruralresidents,wolvesarenotsymbolsofrewilding—theyarerealpredators(捕食性动物),threateninglivestockandlivelihoods.Fearalsoplaysarole:Parentsworryabouttheirchildrenwalkingintheforest,anddogownersworryabouttheirpets.Statistically,wolfattacksonhumansareextremelyrare,yetperceivedbeliefsfrequentlyovershadowfacts.Incidentsinneighbouringcountriescanaddtotheunease.Earlierthisyear,awolfattackedasixyearoldboyintheNetherlands,acountrynotveryfarfromDenmark.AndinDenmarkthissummer,twoyoungboyswhohadlearntthenewsspenthoursupatree,astheythoughta‌“violentwolf”wasnearby.Thestorygrabbedheadlines,onlyforittoturnoutthattheanimalwasactuallyalargedomesticcat.Wolveshaveetorepresentmuchmorethanjustwildlife.Theyaresymbolsofenvironmentalidealsandsocietalperspectives.Forpolicymakers,understandingtheseperceptionsisessentialtoachievingthedelicatebalancebetweenspeciesrecoveryandpublicacceptance.28.WhydoestheauthormentionYellowstonePark?A.Toshowwolves’slowgrowthinDenmark.BToillustratewolves’importantecologicalrole.C.Toindicateatrendofenvironmentalprotection.D.TostressthenecessityofsimilarparksinDenmark.29.WhatistherootoftheconflictoverwolvesinDenmark?A.Denmarkhaslongbeenwolffree.B.wolves’populationskeepgrowing.C.Thepublicfailtoseetheimmediatebenefits.D.Thecountrysideisdominatedbyhumanactivities.30.Whatpointdoesthe‌“violentwolf”storymake?A.Fearcanoutweighfacts. B.wolvesareamonthreat.C.Bigcatsmaybemistakenforwolves. D.Childrenneedmoresafetyeducation.31.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestiontopolicymakers?A.Torelocatewolvestoavoidhumanwolfconflicts.B.Toprioritizepublicconcernsoverunpleasantfacts.C.Toenhancesafetymeasurestoreducewolves’threats.D.Tofullyappreciatetheplexityofpublicconcerns.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了狼在丹麦的回归引发的争议，包括其生态作用、公众对狼的恐惧以及政策制定者应如何平衡物种保护与公众接受度。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Conservationistscallwolvesa‌“keystonespecies”.Thismeansthatbecausetheynaturallycontrolnumbersofdeerandotherprey,theirpresencecanallowforestsandgrasslandstorecover.YellowstoneParkintheUSisaprimeexample:Afterwolveswerereintroduced,aspenandwillowtreesflourishedforthefirsttimeindecades.(自然资源保护主义者称狼为“关键物种”。这意味着，由于它们自然地控制着鹿和其他猎物的数量，它们的存在可以让森林和草原得以恢复。美国黄石公园就是一个最好的例子：狼被重新引入后，几十年来，白杨和柳树第一次茁壮成长)”可推知，作者提到黄石公园是为了举例说明狼在生态系统中扮演的重要角色，即它们如何通过控制猎物数量来促进森林和草原的恢复。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ButDenmarkisnotYellowstone.Itscountrysideisabinationoffarms,townsandhighwayswithsmall,heavilymanagednaturereserves.Whetherwolvescanrestore‌“wildbalance”hereisuncertain.Indeed,forsomefarmersandruralresidents,wolvesarenotsymbolsofrewilding—theyarerealpredators(捕食性动物),threateninglivestockandlivelihoods.(但丹麦并非黄石公园。这里的乡村是农田、城镇与高速公路交织的景象，其间点缀着少数管理严格的小型自然保护区。狼群能否在此重建“生态平衡”尚不可知。事实上，对于许多农民和乡村居民而言，狼并非荒野复苏的象征——它们是真实的掠食者，威胁着牲畜与生计)”可推知，丹麦的乡村主要由人类活动主导，而狼威胁着牲畜与生计，从而引发了冲突。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“AndinDenmarkthissummer,twoyoungboyswhohadlearntthenewsspenthoursupatree,astheythoughta‌“violentwolf”wasnearby.Thestorygrabbedheadlines,onlyforittoturnoutthattheanimalwasactuallyalargedomesticcat.(今年夏天，在丹麦，两个得知这个消息的小男孩在树上待了几个小时，因为他们以为附近有一只“凶猛的狼”。这个故事登上了头条，结果却发现这只动物实际上是一只大型家猫)”可推知，‌“violentwolf”的故事表明，恐惧往往可以超越事实，即使是没有根据的恐惧也能引起公众的强烈反应。故选A项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Forpolicymakers,understandingtheseperceptionsisessentialtoachievingthedelicatebalancebetweenspeciesrecoveryandpublicacceptance.(对于政策制定者来说，理解这些看法对于实现物种恢复和公众接受之间的微妙平衡至关重要)”可知，作者建议政策制定者要充分理解公众对狼的复杂看法，以实现物种恢复和公众接受之间的微妙平衡。故选D项。DAsaperfectexampleofcontradictoryideas,“barefootshoes”isinaclassofitsown.Otherwisereferredtoas“minimalistfootwear”,theseshoesaredesignedtoreproducetheexperienceofnotwearingshoes.Byreturningtosomethingclosertothebarefootexperience,theargumentgoes,runnerscanimprovetheirhealthandreduceinjuries.Evolution(进化论)isonelineofargument.Afterall,humanshavebeenrunningbarefootformillionsofyears.Moderntrainers,withtheircushionedsoles(缓冲鞋底),chunky(厚实的)heelsandarchsupports,datebackonlytothe1970s.Supportersofbarefootshoesarguethatmodernfootwearmakesrunners’feetweak.Forexample,over75%ofathleteswearingconventionalshoesusearearfootstrike—wheretheheelhitsthegroundfirst.Forbarefootrunners,orthoseinminimalistshoes,thenumbersare40%and67%respectively.Thedifferenceislargelybecauseoftheshoedesign.Chunkierheelshitthegroundearlierandacushionedsoleprotectstheheelfromtheotherwisepainfulimpactofarearfootstrike.Barefootrunnersrelyonthefoot’sinbuiltsuspensionsystemtoreducethatimpact.Suchslightchangestothemechanicsofrunningcanhavebigeffectsonthebody.Onesmallstudyin2021foundthatsixmonthsofwearingminimalistfootwearcanincreasetoemuscle(脚趾肌肉)strengthby57%.Another,from2018,reporteda40%increaseinjusteightweeks.Thoseaccustomedtowalkingandrunningbarefoot—suchastheKalenjintribeinKenya—havethickerfootmusclesandimprovedanklemobility.Supporterssaythatrunninginbarefootshoesshouldthereforemeanfewerinjuries.Butnostudyhasyetconfirmedthat.Theevidence,bothforandagainst,isinconclusive,withmoststudiesexaminingonlysmallnumbersofpeople.Somescientistsworryaboutincreasedloadsontheankle.Otherssuggestbarefootrunningmayactuallyincreaseratesofinjury,particularlyonhardsurfaces,oriftheswitchoccurstooquickly.Onetenweekstudyfoundalmosthalfofrunnersswitchingtobarefootshoesshowedsignsofafluidbuildupoftencausedbystressonthefoot.“Themostimportantthing,”saysAliGhoz,asurgeonattheLondonClinic,“isagradualintroduction.”32.Whydomostrunnersinconventionalshoesusearearfootstrike?A.Ithelpstostrengthentoemuscles.B.Itisencouragedbytheshoedesign.C.Itisthemostfortablerunningstyle.D.Itiswidelyadoptedbybarefootrunners.33.Whatriskmayewithbarefootshoes?A.Moreheelstrikes. B.Weakeranklejoints.C.Toomuchankleload. D.Fluidshortageinfeet.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbarefootshoes?A.Stronglysupportive. B.Slightlydoubtful.C.Fairlybalanced. D.Purelynegative.35.Whatisthebesttitlefor?A.Arebarefootshoesgoodforrunners?B.Whydomoderntrainerscauseweakfeet?C.Howtoavoidinjurieswhenrunningbarefoot?D.Doesthetransitiontobarefootshoestakelonger?【答案】32.B33.C34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍赤足跑鞋的设计理念与优势，如增强足部肌肉，同时指出其潜在风险与研究局限，强调切换此类跑鞋需循序渐进。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thedifferenceislargelybecauseoftheshoedesign.Chunkierheelshitthegroundearlierandacushionedsoleprotectstheheelfromtheotherwisepainfulimpactofarearfootstrike.(这种差异主要是由于鞋的设计造成的。较厚的鞋跟先着地，而缓冲鞋底则能保护脚跟免受后脚着地所带来的原本会很痛苦的冲击。)”可知，传统跑鞋的设计促使跑步者采用后脚跟着地的跑法。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Somescientistsworryaboutincreasedloadsontheankle.Otherssuggestbarefootrunningmayactuallyincreaseratesofinjury,particularlyonhardsurfaces,oriftheswitchoccurstooquickly.Onetenweekstudyfoundalmosthalfofrunnersswitchingtobarefootshoesshowedsignsofafluidbuildupoftencausedbystressonthefoot.(一些科学家担心脚踝承受的负荷会增加。还有人认为，赤脚跑步实际上可能会增加受伤几率，尤其是在坚硬的地面上，或者如果这种转变太快的话。一项为期十周的研究发现，几乎一半从穿传统跑鞋改为赤脚跑的跑步者出现了因脚部压力而引起的液体积聚的迹象。)”可知，赤脚跑步可能会带来足部承受过多压力的风险。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Onesmallstudyin2021foundthatsixmonthsofwearingminimalistfootwearcanincreasetoemuscle(脚趾肌肉)strengthby57%.Another,from2018,reporteda40%increaseinjusteightweeks.(2021年的一项小型研究发现，连续六个月穿极简型鞋会使得脚趾肌肉的力量增强57%。另一项2018年的研究则表明，仅仅八周的时间内，力量就会增加40%。)”介绍赤足跑鞋的设计理念和支持者的观点（贴合人体进化、增强足部肌肉）；以及最后一段中“Somescientistsworryaboutincreasedloadsontheankle.Otherssuggestbarefootrunningmayactuallyincreaseratesofinjury,particularlyonhardsurfaces,oriftheswitchoccurstooquickly.(一些科学家担心脚踝承受的负荷会增加。还有人认为，赤脚跑步实际上可能会增加受伤几率，尤其是在坚硬的地面上，或者如果这种转变太快的话。)”客观呈现反对意见和潜在风险（脚踝负荷增加、受伤率上升、研究证据不充分）；结尾引用医生的建议（循序渐进过渡），未掺杂个人偏向性评价。由此可见，作者的态度是客观中立、不偏不倚的。故选C项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“赤足跑鞋”展开，先讲其设计初衷和优势，再讲潜在风险和尚无定论的研究证据，核心是探讨赤足跑鞋是否真的对跑步者有益。由此可知，这篇文章的最佳标题是“赤足跑鞋对跑步者有益吗？”。故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。JanetMetzger,whohasmorethan50yearsoflibraryservicetohercredit,willretireattheendofthisyear.Shehaslivedalifeofturningchildrenintolifelongreaders.Metzger,whostartedworkinginlibrariesinhighschoolwhenshewasanassistantattheLouisvillePublicLibrary,alwaysknewshewantedtoworkwithchildren.___36___Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,sheenrolledincollegewiththatgoalinmind.ShecontinuedtoworkatthelibraryinLouisvilleduringweekendsandsummers.Whenshegraduatedin1978withade