大学英语四级模拟试卷504

大学英语四级模拟试卷504

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionbasedonthetitle

"ProspectsofPrivateCarsinChinaTheoutlineisgivenbelowinChinese.Your

compositionshouldbenolessthan120words.Remembertowriteclearly.Youshould

writeyourcompositiononthecompositionsheet.1.当前私家车在中国很流行;2.私家

车流行的原因；3.存在的问题。ProspectsofPrivateCarsinChina

标准答案：ProspectsofPrivateCarsinChinaTherearemoreandmoreprivatecarsin

Chinanowadays.Forexample,whereveryougo,youseepeopledrivingtheirowncarsto

andfromwork.Asaresult,itisdifficulttofindanyparkingspace,particularlyinthe

downtownarea.Foranotherexample,youcanoftenhearpeopletalkingabouttaking

coursesindrivingschools.Manyyoungcouplesconsidcrbuyingacartobeoneofthe

firstthingstodoaftergettingmarried.Inshort,privatecarsarenolongluxuriesand

dreamsastheyusedtobe.Therearcanumberofreasonswhyprivatecarsaregaining

popularityinChina.Tostartwith,manypeoplehavebecomewealthy.Theycanaffordto

buytheirowncars.Besides,withtheirlivingconditionsimproved,manypeoplethink

thattheyshouldhavemorecomfortablemeansoftraveling.Theyarenolongersatisfied

withbicyclesormotorcycles.Finally,newbanksystemsallowpeopletobuycarson

installment.Theycanpayonlyasmallamountofmoneyforthecarandpaytherest

duringthelateryears.Thus,moreandmorepeoplehavecars.,However,someproblems

stillexistconcerningprivatecarsinChina.OneproblemisthetrafficjamWithsomany

cambeingused,thestreetshavebecomeverycrowdedThenumberofaccidenthas

increased.Anotherproblemisairpollution.Carsbringconveniencetopeoplebutthey

alsocausepolhirion.Peoplearestartingtocomplainofthesmokegivenoffhycars.

Fortunately,thelocalgovernmenthasrealizedthoseproblemsandistryingitsbestto

solvethem.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

HeLedaUsefulLifeBenjaminFranklinwould.seemrightathomeamongusifhewere

alivetoday.Infact,hedidalottoshapeourwayoflife.Rightnowyouareprobably

noddingyourheadandthinking,"Oh,yes,welearnedallaboutoldB.F.inthefifth

grade."Butlet'sseewhetheryoureallyknow"allabouthim."Youprobablyknowthat

hewasastrongoldfellowwithabaldheadwhoflewakitewithakeyfastenedtoitand

signedtheDeclarationofIndependence.Allthatistrue,butthereisalotmoretoknow

aboutthismanwhohadsomanyusefulideas,servedhiscountryinsomanydifferent

waysandmadegreatcontributionstotheAmericanideals.Apracticalmindtosolve

problemsFranklinhadapracticalmind.Whenhesawaproblem,hetriedtodo

somethingaboutit.ThehousesofPhiladelphiawerebuiltofwoodandeasilycaughtfire.

Neighborstriedtohelpeachother,buttheycoulddolittletosaveaburninghouse.So

Franklinorganizedafire-fightingcompany.Philadelphia'sfirelossbecamesolowthat

thefirstfire-insurancecompanyintheUnitedStateswassoonsetupthere.BenFranklin

wasoneofitsdirectors.Healsopersuadedthecitytopaveandlightitsstreets.Again,the

factthatpeoplehadtroublekeepingtheirhouseswarminwintersetFranklin'sactive

mindtowork.Hedecidedthatthebigfireplacesweretoblame.Becausetheywereset

deepintothewall,theydidnotletenoughheatreachthemiddleoftheroom.Sohedrew

someplansandhiredanironworkertomakethepotbellied（大肚皮）Franklinstove.It

stoodinthemiddleofaroomandthrewoffheatineverydirection.Hisattitudestoward

moneyHedidnotpatent伸请专利）theinvention.Hewastoobusywithhisdiscoveries

tobotherwithmakingmoney.Althoughhewasawealthymanbythetimehewasforty-

two,moneybyitselfdidnotinteresthim.Hevalueditbecauseitenabledhimtoretire

frombusiness.Thenhehadlimetospendonotherthingsthatseemedmoreworthwhile.

Whathereallycaredformostofallwasscience.AnexperimentwithlightningFranklin

wasalwaystryingtoanswerthequestion:Whatmakesthingsactthewaytheydo?At

thattimelearnedmenwerepuzzledaboutelectricity.Theywonderedwhetheritwasin

somewaylikethelightninginathunderstorm.Itmightbe,buthowcouldyouproveit?

YouknowhowBenFranklinprovedit-bycoaxingsomeelectricitydownhiskite

string.ThatactmadehimfamousinAmericaandEurope.ButofcourseFranklindidnot

stopthere.Hefoundawaytomaketheknowledgeuseful,heinventedthelightningrod

（避雷针）.PublicserviceFranklinwouldgladlyhavespenttherestofhisdaysinquiet

studyandresearch.Buthewasaveryimportantpersonnow,andthecountryneededhim

forpublicservice.DisagreementbetweenthecoloniesandtheBritishwasbecoming

quiteserious.PennsylvanianeededarepresentativeinEngland.WouldDr.Franklin

acceptthepost?Hewould.HewenttoLondonandstayedthereformorethantenyears.

Hedidhisbestandmayhavehelpedtodelaythewar.Butbothsidesweretooangryto

reachagreement.FranklinreturnedhomejustastheRevolutionaryWarbegan,arriving

intimetosigntheDeclarationofIndependence.Hewasnowseventyyearsold,andhis

healthwasnotgood.Hewouldgladlyhavesettleddownathome.ButAmericaneeded

helpfromFrancetocarryonthewar,andsheaskedDr.Franklintowinthishelp.He

answered,"Iamlikeaworn-outpieceofcarpet.Ifthereisonecomerleftwhichcanbe

usefultomycountry,Iwillbehonored."Hisfirststepwastoturnoverallhismoneyasa

loantoCongress.HewantedtoprovehisfaithinthenewAmericangovernmentand

encourageotherstosupportit.ThenhesetsailforFrance.InParis,Franklinwaswarmly

welcomed.Althoughhewasasimpleman,hewasacleverdiplomat.Hespokeverypoor

French,buthealwayschosetherightwordsfortheoccasion.HefinallypersuadedKing

LouisofFrancetodeclarewaronEngland.Thatwasanimportantachievement.Itwas

onlywiththeaidoftheFrenchfleetthatWashingtonwasabletowinthewarand

Americanindependence.BenjaminFranklinreturnedtoAmerica.Hewasveryoldnow,

andinpoorhealth.Butstillhedidnotsettledownandretiretohiscomfortablehome.He

satthroughthelongargumentsonthetermsoftheConstitution.Twice,themeetings

wouldhavefailedifhehadnothelpedthedelegatestoagree.BenFranklindiedin1790

attheageofeighty-four.Hehadspentallhisadultlifehelpingpeople.Yearsbefore,he

hadtoldhismotherthatthatwashisaim.Whenhediedhedidnotwantpeopletosay,

"Hediedarichman."Allhehopedwasthatpeoplewouldrememberhimandsay,"He

ledausefullife.**Franklin'scontributiontoAmericanidealsThecreationofanAmerican

nationalidentityisperhapsFranklin*smostimportantcontributiontoAmericanideals.

HisworksreflectthegrowingawarenessofAmericaasacountrywithvaluesand

interestsdistinctfromthoseofEngland.Besides,Franklin'sparticipationinthegrowing

confidenceoftheeighteenthcenturythathumanitycould,throughpersonaleffortand

socialreform,analyzeanddealwithsocialproblemsrevealstheoptimismandself­

confidenceofhisage,asdohisscientificachievements.Finally,hisbeliefthattheory

shouldbetestedprimarilybyexperiencenotlogicalsoreflectshisage*sbeliefthat

reasonshouldbetestedpragmatically.Thosearethemostimportantcontributionsthat

FranklinmadetotheidealsthatarecharacteristicofAmerica.

2、ThispassagediscussessomeoftheusefulideasofB.Franklin,s,hisroleinpublic

serviceandhiscontributiontoAmericanideals.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：全文概括题。根据文章各部分的小标题，以及第2段第2句，我们知

道富兰克林具有许多实用的思想，在殖民地政府发挥了重要作用，井对美国精神和

价值观做出了杰出的贡献。因此答案为［Y］。

3、OneofthemissionsthatFranklincarriedoutinFranceistopersuadetheFrench

governmenttogivefinancialaidtotheAmericancolonies.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。文章第io段介绍r富兰克林在法国的经历以及成功地劝说

法国在英美战争中支持美国殖民地的过程。该段并未提到富兰克林肩负着向法国借

款的使命。因此答案为［NG］

4、Thearticlesuggeststhatitwasafteralotofargumentsthattheconstitutionwas

agreedon.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。文章第11段介绍了富兰克林在美国制定宪法过程中发挥的

作用o其中提到"Hesatthroughthelongarguments：...ifhehadnothelpedthe

delegatestoagree.”据此，我们可以知道制定宪法的过程充满了辩论和分歧。因此

答案为［Y］。

5、NobodywasallowedtoproduceandsellthepotbelliedFranklinstovewithout

Franklin'spennission.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。文中第4段首句为"Hedidnotpatenttheinvention,"由此我

们可以知道他并没有为自己的发明(即大肚子的富兰克林火炉)申请专利，也就是

说，无须他的同意，其池人亦可生产、销售此类火炉。故，答案为［N］回答该题需

要注意的问题是，关于大肚子火炉事是在第三段介绍的，是否为此申请专利是在第

四段提出的。因此回答该题，需要综合第三和第四段的有关内容。

6、HegaveallhismoneytoCongresstosetanexampleforotherstosupportthenewly

formedgovernment.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题」答题依据在文章第九段。文U」说到"Hisfirststepwastoturn

overallhismoneyasloantoCongress.Hewantedtoprovehisfaithinthenew

Americangovernmentandencourageotherstosupportit”由此，可以看出答案为［Y］

7、Franklincomparedhimselftoaworn-outcarpetinordertoshowthathewastoo

exhaustedtobeofanyusetohiscountry.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。文中第8段末句为“Iamlikeawom-oulpieceof.carpet.If

thereisonecomerleftwhichcanbeusefultomycountry,Iwillbehonored.“综合两

句的内容，我们知道虽然富兰克林自比为一块破毯子，但只要这块毯子还有一角有

用，他就愿意为国效力，并且觉得很荣幸。据此，我们可以知道该题阐述与原文意

思不符。故，答案为［N］。

8、Inthethirdparagraph,theauthormentionsFranklin'sinventions(suchasthefire

company,theimprovementsforcityandtheinventionofthepotbelliedstove)toshow

thathewasamanwhohadgreatsympathyandconcernforthepeople.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。答题依据在文章第3段，该段第一句话为主题句(Hehada

practicalmind.),其后关于组建消防公司、完善城市设施以及发明大肚皮火炉等

具体例子，均是为了说明主题句，即：他是一个非常讲究实际的人(hadapractical

mind)o因此，答案为［N］。

9、Franklin'sexperimentwithlightningearnedhimfamebothin.

标准答案：AmericaandEurope

知识点解析:细节题。文中第5段提到"ThalactmadehimfamousinAmericaand

Europe.”可以知道他的行为，即用风筝做科学实验，使他在美国和欧洲闻名遐

迩。

10、ThewarbetweenBritainandAmericancoloniesmighthaveoccurredearlierbut

for.

标准答案：Franklin'seffortinBritain

知识点解析：文中第7段提到"Hedidhisbestandmayhavehelpedtodelaythe

war.”由此，我们可以知道他在英国的努力可能帮助推迟了战争(Ihewar),亦即美

国独立战争(theAmericanRevolutionaryWar)的爆发。换句话说，“没有他的努力，

战争也许发生得会早一些。”

11、ThemostimportantcontributionthatFranklinmadetoAmericanidealsisthathe

helpedcreate.

标准答案：anAmericannationalidentity

知识点解析：细节题。该题考查对最后一段第一句话的理解。该题是对原文第一句

话的重新组合。

三、听力短对话(本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。)

12、

A、Apostoffice.

B、Abookstore.

C^Adepartmentstore.

D^Adrugstore.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

13>

A、Fatheranddaughter.

B、Teacherandstudent.

C、Doctorandpatient.

D、Bossandsecretary.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

A^50minutes.

B、45minutes.

C、15minutes.

D、35minutes.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、Shefindstheyarcahappycouple.

B、Sheistiredofthem.

C^Theyquarrelwithsomepeople.

D、Theyarcverygoodpeople.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A、Shewilltakethetest.

B、Shewillnottakethetest.

C、Shewilltakeadelayed-test.

D、Thetesthasbeenpostponed.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A、$5.00

B、S4.00

C、$6.00

D、$3.00

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A、Computerscience.

B、Physics.

C^Chemistry.

D、Mathematics.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Howtosolveproblems.

B>Someonewhomtheycanrelyon.

C>Someonewhowilllistentothem.

D^Whatarealfriendshouldbe.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

20、

A^Aboutacontest.

B、Aboutameeting.

C^Aboutacourse.

D、Aboutaparty.

标准答案：D'

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Joinamusicgroup.

B、Directthemusicgroup.

C、Writemusicforthegroup.

D、Watchamusicalperformance.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、Sheisthedirectorofthegroup.

B、Sheisplayingthepiano.

C、Sheisplayingtheviolin.

D、Sheisplayingthebass.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

23、

A、Davidhaslittleinterestinmusic.

B、Hehasnotplayedtheviolinforalongtime.

C、DavidhasmetMissHansonbefore.

D、Heisaverygoodviolinplayer.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

24、

A^Howmanypeopletherewereinthetown.

B、Whetherthepoorpeoplereallyneededhishelp.

C>Iftheroadsofthevillagewereinneedofrepair.

D^Ifthepeopleofthetownwereworthyofhishelp.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

A、Mostpeoplepassedthestoneasifnothinghadhappened.

B、Mostpeopledidnothingbutcomplain.

C、Mostpeopletriedlomovethestoneaway.

D、Mostpeoplefellagainstthestone.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：哲无解析

26、

A、Hewasveryclever.

B、Hewasverystrong.

C、Hewashonest.

D、Hewasfoolish.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

27、

A、Becausehistoryprofessorsarepoorlyprepared.

B、Becausemoststudentsarelazy.

C>Becausehistorylecturesarenotdeliveredinaninterestingway.

D、Becausemoststudentsfeelstudyinghistoryisawasteoftime.

标准答案：C-

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A、InBritain.

InConcord.

C、InLexington.

D、InBoston.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、

A、ThattheBritishwouldattackbysea.

B、ThattheBritishwereretreating.

C^ThattheBritishwerewillingtosignatreaty.

D、ThattheBritishhadwonthefirstbattle.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

六、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

30、

A、Historyteacher

B、Collegeprofessor.

C>Historywriter.

D、Campaignmanager

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题考查听细节的能力。该题考察的是学生对细节问题的理解。文章

中出现aprofessionthatwouldcombinemytwopassions：CampaignManagement,能

够同时融合作者两种激情的职业是：CampaignManagementoCampaign是运动、

比赛、战役的意思

31、

A、SomewhereovertheAtlantic

B、SomewhereoverthePacific.

C、SomewhereoverNewYork.

D、SomewhereoverLondon.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此题考查听细节的能力。文章中出现的Theideaprobablyoriginated

somewhereovertheAtlantic,...考生应一边听，一边做笔记,记录下关键词。单词

originate的意思是“起源于，来源于"，题H中出现的comefrom,就是对该单词的

解释。

32、

A、NationalGeographicChannel.

B、HBO.

C、BBC

D、HistoryChannel.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题考查听细节的能力。作者在文章中提到I'vewatchedmorehours

oftheHistoryChannelthananyoneI'veevermet.考生应该注意，morehoursthan

anyonePvemet.比我碰到的任何人时间都多。国外的电视频道有很多，包括A)

NationalGeographicChannel一国家地理频道，B)HBOHollywoodBroadcasting

Organization一好来坞广播机构，C)BBC一英国广播公司及我们常常看到的

VOA—美国之音。该文章中作者只喜欢看有关历史的频道。

33、

A、NationalGeographicChannel.

B、HBO.

C、BBC

D、HistoryChannel.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此题考查听细节的能力。解题思路：D)theyhavealldecidedtogoto

thesameschool.原文没提到。0Theydon'tgotoschool.原文作者说他的朋友门都

去上学。B)Theyknowwheretheywanttogotoschool.和文章中的theydon'tknow

wheretheywanttogotoschool.不符,所以答案是D。文章中Manyofmyfriends

don'tknowwheretheywanttogotoschool,theydon'ttalkaboutwheretheystandin

theclass,howgood,orbadiheirscoresare.榜者所表达的意思是他的朋友们并没

有找到自己的将来，只是在混日子过。

七、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

“分。）

Thenation'smurderratedeclinedlastyearforthefirsttimeinfouryears,droppingtothe

lowestlevelin40years.Expertssaid[Bl]ratherthannationaltrendswere

mostly[B2].Theratesforallsevenmajorcrimesweredownandtheoverall

violentcrimeratereacheda30yearlow,accordingtotheFBI'sannual[B3]of

crimesreportedtothepolice.Therewere391fewermurders[B4]in2004than

theyearbefore.Thetotalof16,137workedoutto5.5murdersforevery100,000people.

That'sadeclineof3.3percentfrom2003andthelowestmurder[B5]since

1965,whenitwas5.1."The[B6]arerelativelysmallcomparedtolarger,steady

dropsinthe1990s,andtheresultsarebynomeansthesameacrossthe[B7]

saidProfessorAlfredBlumsteinofCarnegie-MellonUniversityinPittsburgh."We'renot

seeingimportantnational（B8]liketheshrinkingofcrackmarketsinthe

1990s,"Blumsteinadded.[B9].BlumsteinsaidChicagowithadeclineof150

murdersandWashington,D..C.;withadeclineof50accountedfor51percentofthenet

nationwidedrop.St.Louis,ontheotherhand,sawanincreaseof39murders.[B10]

.[Bl1].saidProfessorJamesFoxofNortheasternUniversity.The

fastestgrowingpopulationsegmentisstillpeopleoverage50,whocommitfewviolent

crimes,sothatshouldproducesomedeclineinmurder,but"it'snotarosypictureall

aroundthecountry.”

34、[Bl]

标准答案：local

知识点解析：此题考查听特定信息的能力，解题的关键点在于分析出所听信息与

national为同性的修饰词，应为中间有ratherthan共同修饰trendso

35、[B2]

标准答案：responsible

知识点解析：此题考查听特定信息的能力，此题的关键在于对单词的听写，很多考

生听到却写不正确是失分的主要原因。

36、[B3]

标准答案：collection

知识点解析：此题考查听特定名词的能力，解题的关键点在于对于collection，收集，

这个单词是否熟悉。AnnualcollectiorT年度汇总，。

37、[B4]

标准答案：nationwide

知识点解析：此题考查听特定信息的能力，解题的关键在于紧跟关键词murders,

nationwide，全国的，形容词作后置定语。

38、[B5]

标准答案：rale

知识点解析：此题考查听特定信息的能力，解题的关键在于根据己知信息预测可能

出现的词，已知信息中有百分比作提示，积极猜测有助于解题。

39、[B6J

标准答案:declines

知识点解析：此题考查听特定信息的能力，解题关键在于分析已知信息可知所填的

空必为名词复数且这个词和后面的drop对应。

40、[B7]

标准答案：country

知识点解析：此题考查听特定信息的能力解题的关健在于分析已知信息得知所填之

处必为地点。

41、[B8]

标准答案：trends

知识点解析：此题考查听整句信息的能力，解题关犍在于分析所填的词由national

限定，还须注意trends在这里是复数形式，shrinkingofcrackmarkets意为'毒品市

场的缩水’

42、[B9]

标准答案："Theseareresponsestolocalsituations,changesinlocaldrugmarketsand

shiftsinillegalorganizations.”

知识点解析：此题考查听单句的能力，解题的关键在于以此句前的信息标志听写此

句，大多数考生最易出错的是illegal,是legal的否定形式“不合法的"。illegal

organizations是“非法组织”

43、[B10]

标准答案：Of19largeecitieswithmorethan100murdersapiecein2003,13had

declinesin2004whilesixrccordedincreases.

知识点解析：此题考查听单句的能力，关键点在听到几个数字，并注意名词的单复

数形式。

44、[B11]

标准答案："Mostofthesechangesresultfromlocalconditionsorrandom

variation,

知识点解析：此题考查听单句的能力，所听句紧接上一句，无提示信息，所以难度

较大，解题的关键在于艰据发音规则写下专有名词，如NorlheaslernUniversily,同

时variation这个单词也吸易出错，值得注意。

八、阅读（选词填空）（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共

10分。）

WhenKatherineGoldsteinwas[SI]upinthesuburbsofWashington,D.C.,

hermom,anartist,wasusuallyhomewaitingforherafterschool.Goldstein,nowtwenty

six,is[S2]thathermotherwasaround.Buisheplanstodothings[S3]

.ArecentgraduateofHarvardLawSchool,Goldsteinworksasaclerkfora

circuitcourtjudgeinClevelandandisengagedtobemarriedinOctober."I[S4]

havingafull-timejobandchildrenasaneventualityanda[S5]she

says.Alreadysheis[S6]whatitwilltaketocombinealawcareerwithraisinga

family.Her[S7]:tacklethemore[S8]facetsofherprofession-like

triallaw—now,beforeshestartshavingkids.Thatway,"Icantransitiontoamorefamily-

friendlyrolewhenIhavechildren/'sheexplains.Shehasbeendeeply[S9]by

oneofher"mentors,*'alawpartnerinhermid30swhorecentlygavebirthtoherfirst

child."Shetoldmethatwhenshedies,shejustwantstosaythatshewasagoodwifeand

mother,'1saysGoldstein"Ifslessimportanttohertobecomea[S10]judgeora

fearsometriallawyer.Ifindthatadvicereallyuseful."A)bringingI)realityB)view

J)sccneC)totallyK)grow:ngD)calculationL)influencedE)provincialM)differently

F)fcdcralN)anticipatingG)dcmandingO)gratcfulH)carccr

45、[SU

标准答案：K

知识点解析：根据上下文，此处需要一个现在分词，而且可以和up搭配使用，只

有bringing和growing可以，但是前者是及物短语，而后者不及物，此处符合题

意。

46、[S2]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：此处需要或一个可以做表语的单词，而且还可以带后面的that从句只

有anlicipaling和grateful可以，根据文章的意思，比处填后者表示对感激。

47、[S3]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：根据上下文，此处需要填入一个副词，经过二选一，挑选differently

作为正确答案。

48、[S4]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此处需要一个动词原形，而且和后面的as可以搭配，只有view为正

确选项。

49、[S5]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：此处所选名词应和前面的eventuality构成一种递进关系，再根据题

意，应该选择reality。

50、[S6]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：根据语法分析此处应该填写一个可以与is搭配的形容同或动词的现

在进行时，再根据后面的宾语断定此处只能填anticipating.

51、[S7]

标准答案：D

知识点解析♦：根据前面的人称代词推断此处应该填入一个名词，从几个名词中挑

选，只有calculation考虑，打算。

52、[S8]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：此处需要形容词，而且可以修饰facels（方面），只有demanding（苛求

的，难度大的）满足题意。

53、[S9]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：此处只能选择过去分词构成被动，选择influenced。

54、[S10]

标准答案：F

知识之解析：根据题意，此处需要一个形容词，修饰judge考虑到主人公是美国

人，排出选项provincial,只能选federal.

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共70题，每题7.0

分，共70分。）

ThecombinationoftheincreasedburdenofAIDSinthedevelopingworldandthe

absenceofaffordabletherapiesandvaccineshasraisedthesensitivityofhealth

professionalstoissuesofethicsandequityininternalicnalbiomedicalresearch.Foremost

amongtheconcernsiswhethernewtreatmentsshouldbecomparedagainstWestern

standardsofcareoragainstexistinglocalstandards.Otherthornyissuesincludewhether

communitiescanbenefitfromresearchtheyhavetakenpartinwhentheymaynotbeable

toaffordthenewinterventionsthatproveeffectiveandhowresearchersandtheir

institutionsindevelopingcountriescanbestrengthenedthroughinternational

collaboration.Strongemotionalresponsesandincreasedentrenchmenthavebegunto

characterizethediscussiononhowtodesignandconductinternationalbiomedical

icseaich.Thosewhoventureintothediscussiononinternationalreseaiclihavean

obligationtobeginwithfairnessastheprincipalruleofengagement,concernedthateach

partywillhaveanequalshareinwhatisbroughttothetable,andeachwillleavefeeling

equallysatisfied.Inreality,thereistheoverwhelmingpowerofassertionamongsome

participantsandthetemptationofexpediencyurgingdeferenceonthepartofothers.The

economic,social,technological,andpoliticalsituationsofdisparitythatweighsoheavily

onthisdiscussionshould,however,notbeusedasreasonstodisparageit.Partiesaffected

byproposedhealthresearchprojectsneedtobecomeincreasinglyinvolvedindesigning

andcarryingouttheresearch.Insupportofthis,theroleoflocalandnationalethics

committeesindevelopingcountriesisbecomingincreasinglyimportant.Similarly,local

researchinstitutionsandscientistsaregainingstrongerrolesininternationalresearch

projects.Thereisalsobroaderrecognitionoftheneedandvalueofconsultinglocal

communitiesandinvolvingpotentialparticipantsinresearchearlyonintheprocessof

designingresearchprotocols.Giventheenormousdisparitybetweenthepartiesinvolved

ininternationalresearch,itmaynotalwaysbepossibletoachieveunityoreven

consensus.Ontheotherhand,toallowanyonevoice（orgroupofvoices）todominatethe

conversationwouldbeirresponsible.Byfosteringfairnessanddemandingastrong

commitmenttothehighestvalues,wecontributetothepowerofhealthresearchtomore

fullyaddresstheurgenciesofdiseaseandtheinequitiesofhealthcare.

55、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,oneoftheconcernsrelatedtointernational

biomedicalresearchis.

A^whethertheexperimentedtreatmentsshouldbecomparedagainstlocalstandards

B、whethertheexperimentedtreatmentsareshowntobeeffective

C、whenlocalcommunitieswillbeabletocarryouttheirownresearchprojects

D^theprohibitivecostsinvolved

标准答案：A

知识点解析：属事实细节题。第一段指出：“最受关注的问题是，新型治疗应对照

西方的医疗标准还是当地的现行标准。”

56>Theword"thorny"(Line5,Para.I)mostprobablymeans"

A、prickly

B、difficult

C、misunderstood

D、sharp

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属词义判断题。根据后面对问题的具体列举，可以判断出该词应为

“困难”的意思。

57、Whydoestheauthorsuggestthatsomepeopleareurgedtodeferindiscussionsof

internationalresearch?

A、Becausethereisalackofequalitybetweentherelevantparties.

Becauseofpressurefromthelocalcommunities.

C、Becauseofpressurefromtheinternationalcommunity.

D、Becausethereisatemptationtothinkintheirownfavor.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：属逻辑关系题。按照第二段的信息町知，有些人应在国际研究的讨论

中尊重别人是因为他们受一己之利的诱惑。

58、Accordingtotheauthor,whoisstartingtoplayamoreinvolvedroleintheresearch

process?

A^Internationalethicsorganizations.

B、Localgovernments.

C>Underprivilegedgroups,

D、Localscientists.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：属事实细节题。第三段明确提到：“地方研究机构和科学家在国际研

究项目方面的作用越来越大。”

59、Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheprospectsofachievingunityinthediscussionsof

internationalresearch?

A、Hopeful.

B、Revoked.

C、Doubtful.

D、Confident.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：属态度推断题。在最后一段的开头，作者表明：“鉴于参与国际研究

的各方存在巨大差异，达成团结甚至一致并非总是存在可能。”这说明作者对此持

怀疑态度。

Whatevertheirchosenmethod,Americansbathezealously.Astudyconductedfoundthat

wctakeanaverageof4.5bathsand7.5showerseachweekandintheranksofnon

edibleitemspurchasedbystorecustomers,barsoaprankssecond,rightaftertoiletpaper.

Wespendmorethan$700millionannuallyonsoaps,butallworkthesameway.Soapis

composedofmoleculesthatatoneendattractwaterandattheotherendattractoiland

dirt,whilerepellingwater.Withakindofpushingandpullingaction,thesoaploosens

thebondsholdingdirttotheskin.Unlessyou'reusingagermicidalsoap,itusually

doesn'tkillthebacteriasoapsimplyremovesbacteriaalongwithdirtandoil.Neither

bathsnorshowersareallthatnecessaryandunlessyou'reinaThirdWorldcountrywhere

infectiousdiseasesarccommon,oryouhaveopensoresonyourskin,thedirtand

bacteriaaren'tgoingtohurt.Theonlyreasonforshoweringorbathingistofeelcleanand

refreshed.Thereisaphysiologicalbasisforthisrelaxedfeeling.Yourlimbsbecome

slightlybuoyantinbathwater,whichtakesaloadoffmusclesandtension.Moreover,if

thewaterishotterthannormalbodytemperature,thebodyattemptstoshedheatby

expandingthebloodvesselsnearthesurfaceoftheskin,lesseningthecirculatory

system'sresistancetobloodflow,anddroppingbloodpressuregently.Abathisalsothe

mosteffectivewaytohydratetheskin.Thelongeryousoak,themorewatergetsintothe

skinandbecausesoaplowersthesurfacetensionofthewater,ithelpsyouhydrate

rapidlyandremovedryskinflakes.However,inabath,allthedirtandgrimeandthe

soapinwhichit'ssuspendedfloatonthesurface.Sowhenyoustandup,itcoversyoar

bodylikeafilm.Therealsolutionistotakeabathandthenrinseoffwithashower,

however,afterleavingatuborfreshlyexposedskinbecomesaplaygroundformicrobes.

Intwohours,youprobablyhaveasmanybacteriaoncertainpartsofthebody,suchas

thearmpits,asbeforethebath.

60、Thestatement"Americansbathezealously'1(Line1,Para.1)isclosesttosaying.

A、Americansbathewastcfully

B、Americansareratherambivalenttobathing

C、Americansbathewithintenseenthusiasm

D、Americansbathetoomuch

标准答案：c

知识点露斤：属词义判断题，考查对zealously的理解。第一段讲到，美国人洗澡

频繁，对肥皂的消费巨大，可见，该词应理解为“狂热地”。

61、Whichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthebenefitsofbathing?

A^Dryskinsflakeswilldisappearfromthebodyonceyougetoutofthebathtub.

B、Itkillsbacteriabetterthanshowering.

C、Itreducesyourbloodcirculationifitisniceandwarm.

D^Thefloatingactioncanreducethestresso