中考英语语法复习：动词的语态讲解

动词的语态讲解定义:语态是表示主语和动词之间关系的动词形式,分为主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.知识点1常考被动语态的构成时态主动式被动式一般现在时动词原形am/is/are/do/doesam/is/are+动词过去分词例句Heplaysbasketballeveryweek.→Basketballisplayed(byhim)everyweek.翻译以下句子：Theroomiscleaned(byher)everyday.房间每天都(由她)打扫.一般将来时will/shall/begoingto+动词原形will/shall/begoingtobe+动词过去分词例句Wewillplantsometreesthisweek.→Sometreeswillbeplanted(byus)thisweek.Yourjobwillbekeptopenforyourreturn.Whenwilltheworkbefinished?你的工作将保留到你回来。这项工作什么时候结束？一般过去时动词过去式/was/werewas/were+动词过去分词例句Jimrodethemotorbiketohisfactoryyesterday.→Themotorbikewasridden(byJim)tohisfactoryyesterday.Mycarwasstolenlastnight.我的车昨晚被偷了.现在完成时have/has+动词过去分词have/hasbeen+动词过去分词例句ThereporthasbeenfinishedbyJanet.→Janethasfinishedthereport.Thetaskhasbeenfinishedbythem.任务已经被他们完成了.过去完成时had+动词过去分词hadbeen+动词过去分词例句Wehadcleanedtheclassroombeforetheteachercame.→Theclassroomhadbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.Theroomhadbeenbrokenintobeforewecame.在我们来之前这个房间已经被闯入了。情态动词情态动词+动词原形情态动词+be+动词过去分词例句Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.

→Somebeautifulsongscanbesung(bythem).Wastedpapershouldn'tbethrownhere.废纸不应该被扔在这里.总结主动语态变被动语态的方法：知识点2主动表被动的特殊情况观察下面句子Theproductsellswell.这种产品很畅销。Thistextiseasytounderstand.这篇课文容易理解。所以说，英语中，某些主动句式也可以表达被动含义，这些特殊情况需要牢记并与上一课时所学相区分。出现的是不及物动词wash,sell,write,read,close,open,wear,catch等e.g.Thiskindofclothwearswell.这种布耐穿。Thiskindofpensellsverywell.这种钢笔卖得很好。形容词worth后加动名词e.g.Thisnoveliswellworthreading.这部小说很值得读。在need,want,require等动词后往往接动名词，后面常可跟doing形式表被动,相当于tobedone,即“want/need/require+doing”相当于“want/need/require+tobedone”.例如:e.g.Yourcarneedswashing.=Yourcarneedstobewashed.你的汽车需要清洗了。主动句中在感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等及使役动词let,make,have等后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动句时，必须加上不定式符号to。IhearhersinganEnglishsong.→ShewasheardtosinganEnglishsong.2.Wesawthemgoupstairs.→Theywereseentogoupstairs.课堂练习Oursportsmeeting____C____untiltheendofJuly.A.putsoffB.willputoffC.willbeputoffD.Putoff-Dowehavetoreadanythingnextweek,Mr.Wu?-Sure.You____D____toreadBlackBeautyfrompages58to85.A.wereexpectedB.willexpectC.areexpectingD.areexpectedWe'resurethattheenvironmentinourcity______D__greatlythroughourworkinthenearfuture.A.improvedB.wasimprovedC.hasimprovedD.willbeimprovedThepetdogiswarmandloving.It____C____asadaughterofmyfamily.A.treatsB.treatedC.istreatedD.wastreated-CanyousingthisEnglishsong?-Ofcourse,Ican.It____D____manytimesontheradio.A.taughtB.hastaughtC.istaughtD.hasbeentaught英语动词时态和语态精练（2022年·湖州）WhenteacherMargretAtkins,39,wenttorideherbiketoschoollastFriday,shewasshockedtodiscoverit___wasstolen_____(steal).（2022年·嘉兴）OneSaturdaymycousinandIwenttotheBlueMountainsScenicWorldandI__met____(meet)Allisononthebus.（2022年·宁波）Paul’smilkwasdrunkandmyapples_wereeaten (eat)byafamilyofmice!（2022年·绍兴）Max,whohasraisedover£700,000,isabouttorememberwhatabed___feels___(feel)like.（2021年·金华）YuanLongpingwas (be)borninBeijingin1930.Foralmost60years,hehadgivenmostofhistimeandenergytoriceresearch.（2021年·嘉兴）Thedaywhenhelefthometogotocollege,Iwastaught(teach)theimportanceofbeingaman.（2020年·嘉兴）Whilewewereeating(eat)breakfast,Claudiowentupstairstocollecthisthings.Isuddenlyheardhimcallingmyname.（2020年·温州）—HavescientistsfoundlifeonMars?—Notyet,butIthinkthey__willfind ______（find）itsomeday.Unluckily,I___waschosen__(choose)toplayaveryimportantrole—acharacterwhotalksloudly.Mrs.Black__hastaught___(teach)Englishinthisschoolfor20years.InFebruary,2021,theMinistryofEducationannouncedthatmobilephonesshouldnot____bebrought ____（bring）toprimaryandsecondaryschool.Thewoodenboat___wasthrown __(throw)upanddownamongthewavesandappearedtobebottomedupatanytime.It___wasbuilt___（build）in1971byagroupofscientistsandartists.AsChinaisgettingstronger,Chinese____istaught____（teach）inmoreandmoreschoolsinmanyothercountries.HewontheAsianRock,ClimbingChampionship.Healso__taught___（teach）othershowtoclimb.They__rang____(ring)thecustomertogetherandlearnedthecakewasindeedforhim.Mostimportantofall,bepolitewhenaskingtheway.Finally,you__willfind____(find)yourway.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeople__weretaken___(take)toAustraliatoo.Iwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.Ijust__hid_(hide)behindmytextbookandneversaidanything.It__waswritten_(write)inhisbookthattalkingtoplantswasgoodforpeople’shealthandgrowth.Thequestionwasonlywheresuchbooksmight___bekept_____(keep)inMinsk.About10,000yearsago,peoplefarmedand___grew__(grow)thefoodtheyneeded.Shebought(buy)whateverIneededformystudy，eventhoughshedidn'thaveenoughmoney.Herfavoritesayingis，“Atruefriendreaches(reach)foryourhandsand(reach)yourheart.”Tim___overslept _____（oversleep）thismorningandwaslateforschool.WhenIgottoschool,thebell____hadrung____（ring）.Lookatthesmoke.Somethingmustbe__burning____(burn).She___nodded_(nod)toshowthatsheagreedwithme.I____havechanged____（change）alotsinceIbecameamiddleschoolstudent.Hergrandfather___hasbeendead_______（die）forthreeyears.—Doyouneedanyhelp?—No,thanks.Wehavebeenoffered(offer)alotof