高中英语选择性必修三Unit 2 课文原文及翻译(英汉对照)

高中英语选择性必修三课文及翻译Unit2ReadingandThinkingHABITSFORAHEALTHYLIFESTYLE健康的生活习惯Asteenagersgrowup,theybecomemoreindependentandstartmakingtheirowndecisions.However,duringthisperiod,itcanbeeasyforsomeofthemtoformbadhabits.Thesebadhabits,ifleftunchecked,couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybecomeadults.Forexamplesomeofthemmaybecomeinvolvedintobaccooralcoholabuse,whichcanleadtophysicalandmentalhealthproblems.Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefromdominatingateenager'slifeisessential.Theymustlearntorecognisebadhabitsearlyandmakeappropriatechanges.随着青少年的成长，他们变得更加独立开始自己做决定。然而，在这个时期，有些青少年很容易养成不良习惯。如果不加以控制，这些不良习惯长大后可能会导致更严重的问题。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。防止这些不良习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。他们必须学会及早发现不良习惯并做出适当的改变。Tochangebadhabitsisnevereasy,evenwithmanyattempts.ThereisafamoussayingbasedonthephilosophyofAristotle:"Wearewhatwerepeatedlydo."Inmanyways,ourlifestyleisthesumofchoiceswehavemade.Wemakeachoicetodosomething,andthenwerepeatitoverandoveragain.Soonthatchoicebecomesautomaticandformsahabitthatismuchhardertochange.Thegoodnewsisthatwecanchange,ifweunderstandhowhabitswork.改变不良习惯绝非易事，即使多次尝试也是如此。有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道:“重复的行为造就了我们”。在许多方面，我们的生活方式是我们所做选择的总和。我们选择做某事，然后一遍又一遍地重复。很快，这种选择就变成自动形成了一个更难改变的习惯。好消息是，如果我们了解习惯如何形成的，我们就可以改变。Accordingtomodernpsychology,wemustfirstlearnaboutthe"habitcycle",whichworkslikethis:根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯周期”，其工作原理如下:Firstly,thereis"cue",anaction,event,orsituationthatactsasasignaltodosomething.首先，有一个“提示”，即可以作为做某事信号的动作、事件或情况。Secondly,thereisa"routine",theregularactionyoutakeinresponsetothecue.其次，有一个“惯例”，即你对“暗示”做出的常规反应。Thirdly,thereisa"reward",thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.第三有“奖励”，我们从“惯例”中获得的好处或感觉。Forexample,whenwefeelunhappy(cue),weeatlotsofunhealthysnacks(routine),whichmakesusfeelhappy(reward)Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikelytocontinuethecycle,andthebadhabitofrelyingonunhealthysnacksisformed.例如，当我们感到不快乐时(提示)，我们会吃很多不健康的零食(惯例)，这会让我们感到快乐(奖励)。奖励使我们更有可能继续这个循环，继而养成了依赖不健康零食的不良习惯。Tofacilitateapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstexamineourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.Wecandothisbycombiningtheinformationfromourhabitcycleswithourownpositiveideas.Forexample,wecouldtrytoreplaceanegativeroutinewithsomethingmorepositive.So,whenwefeelunhappyagain(cue),ratherthaneatsnacks,wecouldlistentosomeofourfavouritemusicinstead(routine),whichwillmakeusfeelrelaxed(reward).Asidefromchangingbadhabits,wecanalsousethehabitcycletocreategoodhabits.Forexample,whenwecometoanescalator(cue),ournormalroutineistorideit,butwecouldchangethisroutineintosomethingmorepositivebytakingthestairsinstead.想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。我们可以通过将我们习惯周期中的信息与我们自己的积极想法相结合来做到这一点。例如，我们可以尝试用更积极的事情来代替消极的习惯。因此，当我们再次感到不开心时(提示)，与其吃零食，不如听些我们喜欢的音乐(惯例)，这会让我们感到放松(奖励)除了改变坏习惯，我们还可以利用习惯循环来创造好习惯。例如，当我们走到自动扶梯时(提示)，我们通常的习惯是乘坐自动扶梯，但我们可以通过走楼梯来改变这种习惯，使之变为更积极的事情。Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquicklyandifwearenotsuccessfulstraightaway,weoftenbecomepessimisticandgiveup.Infact,themostsuccessfulwaytochangeisnotsuddenly,butoveraperiodoftime.AstheChinesephilosopherLaoZiwrote,"Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep."Onestepseemssmall,butitisessential.Toreachthegoalofchange,apersonmustshowsomedisciplineandrepeatedlytakemanysmallsteps.Afterall,itisnoteasytobreakbadhabits.我们许多人都试图迅速改变不良习惯，如果我们不能马上成功，我们往往会变得悲观而放弃。实际上，最成功的改变方法不是一蹴而就的，而是要经过一段时间的改变。正如中国哲学家老子所言:“千里之行始于足下。”第一步看似渺小，却是必不可少的。为了达到改变的目标，人必须表现出一定的纪律性，并不断地迈出许多小步毕竟，改掉不良习惯并不容易。Foryoungpeople,thereisplentyoftimetochangebadhabits.However,thereisno"magicpill"ordeletebuttonthatwillhelpyou;youhavetothinkaboutyourbadhabitsanddecideonsomechanges.Youhavethepowertobuildahappyandhealthylifefullofgoodhabits!对于年轻人来说，有足够的时间来改变不良习惯。然而，没有可以帮助你的“神奇药丸”或删除按钮;你必须考虑自己的不良习惯并做出一些改变。你有能力建立充满良好习惯的幸福健康的生活.Unit2UsinglanguageDearEditor亲爱的编辑:AfterIattendedyoursummercampabouthealthandlifestylechoices,IrealisedIhardlyeverfeltwell,eitherphysicallyormentally.Ioftenfeltsleepyanddizzy,andlackedpassion.Mostworrying,though,Igottheflueasilyandexperiencedmanytoothaches,too在我参加了你们关于健康和生活方式选择的夏令营之后，我意识到无论是身体上还是精神上，我几乎都感觉不好。我经常感到困倦和头，缺乏激情。不过，最让我担心的是，我很容易得流感，还经历了多次牙痛。AttheendofthecampIheard,Changetheworldbychangingyourself."Thisstimulatedmymotivation.Adentistonceexaminedmeandtoldmethattoomuchsugarinmymealshaddamagedmyteethandhealth.Imadeupmymindtochangetwothingsinmylife:toeatnothingwithsugarandtoexerciseregular在夏念营结束时，我听到“通过改变自己来改变世界”，这激发了我的动力有一次，一位牙医给我做了检査，他告诉我，我用餐中的糖分太多，损害了我的牙齿和健康。我下定决心要改变我生活中的两件事:不吃含糖的东西和定期锻炼。AfterthatIstoppedbuyingallthesweets，biscuits，andsugarydrinksthatIusedtohaveeveryday.WheneverIwentoutwithfriends，Ibroughtsnacksfromhome，thingsthatdidn，thaveanyaddedsugar:fruit，nuts，driedmeat，etc.从那以后，我再也不买以前每天都吃的糖果、饼干和含糖饮料。每当我和朋友出去玩时，我都会从家里带些零食，这些零食没有添加任何糖分:水果、坚果、肉干等.Myexercisewasverysimple:Iwentoutsideeverydayforatleast30minutesanddidsomethingactive.SometimesIplayedtabletennisorbadmintonwithmycousins.OthertimesIjumpedonmyskateboardandrodearoundmyneighbourhood,orjusttookalongwalk.我的锻炼非常简单:我每天至少出去30分钟，做一些积极的运动。有时我和表兄弟姐妹打乒球或羽毛球。其他时间，我跳上滑板，骑着车在附近转悠，或者只是散个长步。Theresultshavebeenfantastic.Ifeelmoredynamicandstrongerthanever,inbothbodyandmind.Isleepsoundlyatnightnow.Inolongersufferfromafluvirusortoothacheseither.Bestofall,inmyopinion,ishowIfeelaboutmyself.IfeellikeImincontrolofmyownlife.Tomakechoicesaboutmyselfiswithinmyownpower.ICANchangemyself.Ijustneedtotry结果非常棒。我感到身体和精神都比以前更富活力，更加强健。我现在晚上睡得很香。我也不再受流感病毒或牙痛的折磨了。在我看来，最重要的是我对自己的感觉。我觉得我可以掌控自己的生活。在自己的能力范围内做出自己的选择。我可以改变自己。我只需要去尝试。Yourstruly，敬启WangLu王露DearEditor亲爱的编辑:AsItookpartinthesummercampaboutpersonallifechoices,Istartedtoanalysemychoices,especiallywhatIdidtorelaxandhowitwasaffectingmywholelife当我参加关于个人生活选择的夏令营时，我开始分析自己的选择，尤其是我做些什么来放松自己，以及它是如何影响我的整个生活的。Afterstartinghighschool,Ifeltstressedoutandalwaysrelaxedbyplayingcomputergames.IgotsoabsorbedthatIplayedthegamesdayandnight.Playingwasfun,butIfeltevenmorewornoutafterwards!Soafterthecamp,Irealisedthatitwasvery,veryimportanttoadjustmylifestyle.Idecidedtotakecontrolofmylifeandfindotherwaystorelax.高中毕业后，我感到焦虑不安，总是通过玩电脑游戏来放松自己。我太投入了，没日没夜地玩游戏。玩游戏很开心，但是后来我甚至感觉更累了!所以在夏令营结束后，我意识到调整自己的生活方式非常非常重要。我决定掌控自己的生活，找到其他放松的方法。ItwasabigstrugglenottoJoinmyfriendsinplayingonlinegamesasI'mmadforthem.However,Irealisedthattosucceedinquitting,Ihadtoreplaceitwithsomethingelse.SoIthoughtaboutwhattotry.Rockclimbing,bowling.watchingcomedies,andplayingbasketballwerethethingsIthoughtofdoinginstead.不和我的朋友们一起玩络游戏真是太难了，因为我非常喜欢网络游戏。然而，我意识到，要想成功戒掉(网络游戏)，我必须做些其他事情来代替它。所以我想尝试做些事情。攀岩、保龄球、看喜剧和打篮球都是我想代替游戏的事情。NowmydadandIgorockclimbingtogethermonthly!Ithasenhancedthequalitymylife,improvingmyhealthandincreasingmyhappiness.Igetrefreshedthroughclimbing,spendmoretimewithmydad,andgettomeetnewsfriends现在我和爸爸每个月都一块去攀岩!它提高了我的生活质量，改善了我的健康，增加了我的幸福感。爬山让我精神焕发，与爸爸在一起的时间更多了，并结识了新的朋友。Aftersixmonthsoftryingoutnewwaysofrelaxing,IfeelmuchmoreenergeticIfeelthatIcanchangemyselfforthebetter.Andifthatstrueforme,thenitmighttrulybepossibletochangetheworldforthebetter.AsGandhisaid,'Bethechangeyouwanttoseeintheworld用了六个月尝试新的放松方式后，我感到精力充沛多了。我觉得我可以变得更好。如果这对我来说是对的，那么也许真的有可能把世界变得更加美好。正如甘地所说:“欲变世界，先变其身。”Sincerely,真诚地，GeorgeFielding乔治・菲尔丁UNIT2单元提能强化练Ⅰ.阅读理解AWhenhomeworkandtestskeepyouuplateatnight,youmayplantomakeupforyourlostsleepduringtheweekends.Butisituseful?AstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologyshowsthatthehabitofsleepinginonweekendsdoesn’tfixthedamagethathasbeendonebyalackofsleepduringtheweek.Evenworse,itmaydamageyourhealth.Inthestudy,whichwasconductedover10days,36healthyyoungmenandwomenwithdifferentsleeprequirementsweredividedintothreegroups.Thefirstgroupwereaskedtosleepninehoursanightandthesecondgroupfivehoursanight.Themembersofthethirdgroupsleptforfivehoursonweekdaysbutrestedaslongastheywantedontheweekend.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewholackedsleepatemoresnacksandgainedweightquickly.However,thiswasn’tthecaseforthefirstgroup.Thatcouldbepartiallyduetotheshiftingofthebiologicalclockandchangestocertainbodyhormones,especiallyhungerhormones.Inordertocatchupontheirsleepduringweekends,peopleinthethirdgroupwouldeatlaterasahabit.Sotheirbiologicalclocksshifted,whichalsochangedtheproductionofhungerhormones.“Thehormoneleptin(瘦素)decreasesappetite(胃口),whilethehormoneghrelin(胃饥饿素)increasesappetite,”explainedUSresearcherVsevolodPolotsky.“Sleepshortagecausestheleptintodropandtheghrelintorise,soyou’rehungryandeatmore.”Andeveniftheytriedtosleepforaslongastheywantedtoduringweekends,accordingtoresearchers,itwasstillnotenoughbecausetheyfounditdifficulttofallasleep.Moreover,shortandinsufficientsleepscheduleswillleadtoaninabilitytochangebloodsugarandincreasetheriskofmetabolic(新陈代谢)diseaseinthelongterm.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A.Participantsweredividedintotwogroups.B.Researchersstudied36childrenandadults.C.Itlastedformorethantwoweeks.D.Eachgroupfollowdifferentsleeprequirements.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shifting”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Increasing.B.Lacking.C.Changing. D.Shortening.3.Whymaypeoplewithoutenoughsleepeatmore?A.Theyneedtocreatemoreenergy.B.Thereislessleptinintheirbodies.C.Theyhavealowerbloodsugar.D.Theirbodiesproducelesshormones.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?A.AppetiteAffectsOurSleepQualityB.SleepinginCausesWeightLossC.CatchinguponSleepHarmsOurBodyD.MenandWomenSleepDifferentlyB(新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”5.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant.D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.6.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A.Thekids’parentsdistrustedher.B.Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A.Far-reaching. B.Predictable.C.Short-lived. D.Unidentifiable.8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RescuingSchoolGardensB.ExperiencingCountryLifeC.GrowingVegetableLoversD.ChangingLocalLandscapeⅡ.完形填空(新高考全国Ⅱ卷)InAprillastyear,IsawapostonthePNP(PilotsNPaws)websitefromafamilyinTopeka.TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabuttheywereonaverytight1.Theycouldnotaffordtopayfor2fortheirdog,Tiffy,and3wantedtotakeherwiththem.

Itjust4thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,who5totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.WhatIwastodowasflytoTopekato6Tiffy.

WhenImetTiffy’sowners,theyseemedvery7.George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas8forhim,havingtoleavehisdogtoa9andtrustthateverythingwould10.

Aftersomegoodbyes,IaskedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme11Tiffyintotheplane.IpromisedtotakecareofTiffyand12themassoonaswegottoKansasCity.

Theflightwas13,andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she14withKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.Hewasso15andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.

1.A.turn B.budgetC.schedule D.connection2.A.food B.shelterC.medicine D.transportation3.A.desperately B.temporarilyC.secretly D.originally4.A.appeared B.provedC.happened D.showed5.A.waited B.offeredC.hurried D.failed6.A.seeoff B.lookforC.handover D.pickup7.A.confused B.nervousC.annoyed D.curious8.A.hard B.fineC.common D.lucky9.A.coworker B.passengerC.stranger D.neighbor10.A.speedup B.workoutC.comeback D.takeoff11.A.feed B.followC.change D.load12.A.call B.joinC.leave D.serve13.A.unnecessary B.unexpectedC.unavoidable D.uneventful14.A.returned B.foughtC.flew D.agreed15.A.thankful B.generousC.proud D.sympatheticⅢ.读后续写阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。(重庆主城区高二七校联考)AnHonestMistakeAlicedouble-checkedthewordsonherspellingtest.Ifshegot100percenttoday,she’dwinherclass’sFirst-QuarterSpellingChallengeandabrand-newdictionarythatcamewithvideosandothercoolstuff.Plus,Lisahadpromisedtodoahandstandifanyonegotaperfectscore.Threemorewordstogo.n-i-c-e-l-y.q-u-i-c-k-l-y.h-o-n-e-s-t-y.Wait!She’dspelled“honesty”,not“honestly”!Shehurriedlyerasedthet-yandwrotel-ybeforehandinginherpaper.“I’llcorrectandgradethesetestpapersatthebreak,”saidLisa.Alicehurriedintotheclassroom.Shesatrestlesslyinherseatwithherfingerscrossed.ThenLisawalkedtothefrontoftheroomandclearedherthroat.“Congratulations,Alice!Youdidit!”sheannounced.Thewholeclassburstintoapplause!LisapresentedAlicewithherprize.Alicegrinned(咧嘴笑)asshereadthelabelonthebox:ToAliceCarter,forherperfectfirst-quarterscoreinspelling.“IseverythingOK?”MomaskedasAliceburstthroughthefrontdoorafterschool.“Everythingisperfect!”Aliceshouted,showingMomherspellingtestpaperandprize.Momhuggedher.“PutthetestonthefridgesoDadcanseeitwhenhegetshome.AndCasper,too.”Alicescooped(抱起)uphercat.“Casper,canyouspellnicely,quicklyandhonestly?”Alice’sheartmissedabeatsuddenly.“Honestly?”H-O-N-E-S-L-Y!“Alice,what’sthematter?”saidMom.“Idon’tfeelsogood,”Alicesaid,puttingCasperdownandstuffingthetestpaperintoherbackpack.“Probablytoomuchexcitement.”Momrubbedherback.“Howaboutsometea?”Aliceswallowed,“Howdidyouknow?A‘t’isexactlywhatIneeded.”注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。Shortlyafterwards,Alicedashedintoherroomandpulledoutthetestpaper.

AlicepushedopenthedoorofLisa’soffice.

参考答案UNIT2单元提能强化练Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项研究表明,周末睡懒觉的习惯并不能弥补工作日睡眠不足造成的损害。更糟糕的是,它可能会损害你的健康。1.D细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thefirstgroupwereaskedtosleepninehoursanightandthesecondgroupfivehoursanight.Themembersofthethirdgroupsleptforfivehoursonweekdaysbutrestedaslongastheywantedontheweekend.”可知,参与的三组人员的睡眠要求不一样。2.C词义猜测题。根据下文中“...changestocertainbodyhormones,especiallyhungerhormones.”可知,某些身体荷尔蒙的变化,尤其是饥饿荷尔蒙。结合and,可以推测,此处与下文在意义上为并列关系,画线词应与changes意思相近,所以此处指生物钟的改变。3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“Sleepshortagecausestheleptintodropandtheghrelintorise,soyou’rehungryandeatmore.”可知,睡眠不足导致瘦素下降,饥饿激素上升,所以你会饿,吃得更多。4.C主旨大意题。研究表明,周末睡懒觉的习惯并不能弥补工作日睡眠不足造成的损害。更糟糕的是,它可能会损害你的健康。C项可作为文章的标题。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AbbyJaramillo发起了一个名叫“UrbanSprouts”的学校园艺项目的目的和对学生产生的积极影响。5.D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramat...”可知,AbbyJaramillo是UrbanSprouts这个项目的发起人。6.C推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”可知,AbbyJaramillo遇到的问题是一些孩子觉得蔬菜、泥土和昆虫是糟糕的,由此推断出他们不喜欢园艺工作。7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,这个项目不仅为学生们提供了营养价值,还让更多的学生对园艺感兴趣,同时也帮助了那些有情绪控制问题的学生。由此可知,该项目的影响是深远的。8.B标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力、环保意识以及健康生活方式的“UrbanSprouts”园艺项目,让学生体验乡村生活,对学生影响深远。由此可知,B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意,最适合作为本文标题。Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从PilotsNPaws网站上看到一个帖子后,和另一名飞行员用飞机帮助一家人将他们的狗从托皮卡接到弗吉尼亚的故事。1.B根据“Theycouldnotaffordtopayforfortheirdog,Tiffy...”可知,这个家庭的预算(budget)非常紧张。

2.D根据“T