高中英语选择性必修四Unit 3 基础自测

Unit3SeaExploration基础自测Part1Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共25空；每空2分，满分50分)1．n．故事；叙述2．n．商人；批发商adj.海上货运的3．vt.商定；达成(协议)vi.谈判；磋商；协商4．vt.(beheld)看；看见5．n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛6．adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的7．n．舰队；机群；车队8．vt.&vi.(，)(使)撤回；撤离9．n．航道；海峡；频道10．adj.海的；海运的；海事的11．vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→n．扩大；延伸12．n．政治；政治观点→adj.政治的；党派的→n．政治家，政客13．n．职业；行业→adj.专业的；职业的14．n．混合；结合体；混合物→vt.配制；使混合→adj.混合的15．n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→v．包括；采访；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)1．起航；开航2．独领风骚3．退出；撤回4．在手头；可供使用5．formthefoundationof6．underthecommandof7．reachout8．strengthenthebondsbetween...and...9．forthebenefitof10．froma...pointofviewⅠ.词形变化填空(共5题；每题3分，满分15分)1．Thoughpupilswereexcitedaboutthe(extend)ofthewinterholidayatfirst，soontheybecameboredwithstayingathomeallthetime.2．Tohisdisappointment，theroomhelivesinisnotwithinWi-Fi(cover)．3．AlloftheaudienceapplaudedLangLang’s(profession)performance.4．Somepeoplewereputintoprisonfor(politics)reasons.5．Themanagerlistenedtothesalesman’sexcusewitha(mix)ofamusementanddisbelief.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5题；每题3分，满分15分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．Withmanyreferencematerials，hegotdowntowritinghisgraduationthesis(论文)．2．Nothingcanpreventhimfromexploringthesea，heagainafterashortrest.3．Theyhadtothechannelbecauseofthegunfireoftheenemy.4．Weshouldn’tpollutethemarineworldhumanbeings.5．TheBeltandRoadgreatlyChinaandothercountries.Part2Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共20空；每空2.5分，满分50分)1．vt.对……征税；使纳税n.税；税款2．adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的3．adv.在水下adj.水下的4．adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下5．vt.把……载入正式记录；记录n.正式记录；日志；原木6．n．逮捕；拘留；中止vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止7．vi.&vt.鼓掌vt.称赞，赞赏→n．掌声；喝彩8．n．迁移；迁徙；移居→vi.移动；移居；迁徙vt.使移居；使移植→n．(为工作)移居者；候鸟；迁徙动物9．vt.开发；利用；剥削→n．开发，开采；利用；剥削10．vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀→n．杀人犯；凶手11．n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的12．n．(usuallypl.)个人财产；拥有；控制→vt.控制；拥有13．n．对手；反对者；竞争者→vt.反对；与……角逐→adj.强烈反对的Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)1．记者招待会；新闻发布会2．使……流入3．消极的循环；负循环4．搜寻，寻找5．残忍地；毫不留情地6．behometo7．takeaction8．lognewspecies9．amountsof10．havemoreoptionsⅠ.词形变化填空(共5题；每题3分，满分15分)1．Theroyalfamilystrongly(oppose)hispoliticalviewssohewasbanishedtoanisland.2．Hisspeechwasinterruptedbydeafening(applaud)atthepressconference.3．Fear(possession)himandhetrembledlikealeafinthewind.4．Being(mercy)tothemurderermeansbeingcrueltothevictim.5．Later，they(migration)totheUSAandstayedtheretill1998.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5题；每题3分，满分15分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．Thesegamblersseemedtogettrappedina；themoremoneytheylost，themoretheywantedtogamble.2．It’sreportedthattraineddogshavebeenusedtorcriminals.3．Undertheseathereareresourceswaitingforpeopletoexploit.4．Thecoralsthousandsofspeciessowemustprotectthemfrombeingdestroyed.5．Itishightimethatwetoprotectoceans.Unit3SeaExploration基础自测参考答案Part1Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共25空；每空2分，满分50分)1．talen．故事；叙述2．merchantn．商人；批发商adj.海上货运的3．negotiatevt.商定；达成(协议)vi.谈判；磋商；协商4．beholdvt.(beheld)看；看见5．leaguen．等级；水平；联合会；联赛6．royaladj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的7．fleetn．舰队；机群；车队8．withdrawvt.&vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离9．channeln．航道；海峡；频道10．maritimeadj.海的；海运的；海事的11．extendvt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensionn．扩大；延伸12．politicsn．政治；政治观点→politicaladj.政治的；党派的→politiciann．政治家，政客13．professionn．职业；行业→professionaladj.专业的；职业的14．mixturen．混合；结合体；混合物→mixvt.配制；使混合→mixedadj.混合的15．coveragen．新闻报道；覆盖范围→coverv．包括；采访；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)1．起航；开航setsail2．独领风骚inaleagueofone’sown3．退出；撤回withdrawfrom4．在手头；可供使用inhand5．formthefoundationof形成……的基础6．underthecommandof在……的领导下7．reachout拓展；伸出8．strengthenthebondsbetween...and...增强……和……的关系9．forthebenefitof为……的利益10．froma...pointofview从一个……的角度来看Ⅰ.词形变化填空(共5题；每题3分，满分15分)1．Thoughpupilswereexcitedabouttheextension(extend)ofthewinterholidayatfirst，soontheybecameboredwithstayingathomeallthetime.2．Tohisdisappointment，theroomhelivesinisnotwithinWi-Ficoverage(cover)．3．AlloftheaudienceapplaudedLangLang’sprofessional(profession)performance.4．Somepeoplewereputintoprisonforpolitical(politics)reasons.5．Themanagerlistenedtothesalesman’sexcusewithamixture(mix)ofamusementanddisbelief.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5题；每题3分，满分15分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．Withmanyreferencematerialsinhand，hegotdowntowritinghisgraduationthesis(论文)．2．Nothingcanpreventhimfromexploringthesea，hesetsailagainafterashortrest.3．Theyhadtowithdrawfromthechannelbecauseofthegunfireoftheenemy.4．Weshouldn’tpollutethemarineworldforthebenefitofhumanbeings.5．TheBeltandRoadgreatlystrengthensthebondsbetweenChinaandothercountries.Part2Ⅰ.默写重点单词(共20空；每空2.5分，满分50分)1．taxvt.对……征税；使纳税n.税；税款2．mannedadj.有人控制的；需人操纵的3．underwateradv.在水下adj.水下的4．meanwhileadv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下5．logvt.把……载入正式记录；记录n.正式记录；日志；原木6．arrestn．逮捕；拘留；中止vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止7．applaudvi.&vt.鼓掌vt.称赞，赞赏→applausen．掌声；喝彩8．migrationn．迁移；迁徙；移居→migratevi.移动；移居；迁徙vt.使移居；使移植→migrantn．(为工作)移居者；候鸟；迁徙动物9．exploitvt.开发；利用；剥削→exploitationn．开发，开采；利用；剥削10．murdervt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀→murderern．杀人犯；凶手11．mercyn．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→mercifuladj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的12．possessionn．(usuallypl.)个人财产；拥有；控制→possessvt.控制；拥有13．opponentn．对手；反对者；竞争者→opposevt.反对；与……角逐→opposedadj.强烈反对的Ⅱ.默写核心短语(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)1．记者招待会；新闻发布会pressconference2．使……流入o3．消极的循环；负循环negativecycle4．搜寻，寻找huntfor5．残忍地；毫不留情地withoutmercy6．behometo为……的所在地7．takeaction采取行动8．lognewspecies记录新物种9．amountsof大量的10．havemoreoptions有更多选择Ⅰ.词形变化填空(共5题；每题3分，满分15分)1．Theroyalfamilystronglyopposed(oppose)hispoliticalviewssohewasbanishedtoanisland.2．Hisspeechwasinterruptedbydeafeningapplause(applaud)atthepressconference.3．Fearpossessed(possession)himandhetrembledlikealeafinthewind.4．Beingmerciful(mercy)tothemurderermeansbeingcrueltothevictim.5．Later，theymigrated(migration)totheUSAandstayedtheretill1998.Ⅱ.选词填空(共5题；每题3分，满分15分)从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子1．Thesegamblersseemedtogettrappedinanegativecycle；themoremoneytheylost，themoretheywantedtogamble.2．It’sreportedthattraineddogshavebeenusedtohuntforcriminals.3．Undertheseathereareamountsofresourceswaitingforpeopletoexploit.4．Thecoralsarehometothousandsofspeciessowemustprotectthemfrombeingdestroyed.5．Itishightimethatwetookaction/shouldtakeactiontoprotectoceans.UNIT3能力提升强化练Ⅰ.阅读理解AItseemswecan’tgetofftheplanetfastenough.TwothirdsofNASA’smoneyisspentonmannedspaceexploration,andthatnumberwillgrowwiththeUSA’sdecisiontosendamantoMarsin2037.We’veseenallthereistoseeonEarth,right?Wrong.Thefinalplaceishere,underthesurfaceofthesea.Headingdownintotheocean,humanlimitsarequicklyreached.At200metres,thewaterisasblackasamoonlessnight.Mostnuclearsubmarines(核潜艇)wouldimplode(内爆)beforetheyreach1kmdown.At3km—stilllessthantheaveragedepthoftheocean—there’sagoodchancethatyou’lldiscoveranewspecies.Thedeepest-divingwhalesgonofurther.Attheverybottom,about11kmdown,liestheChallengerDeep,thedeepestpartoftheMarianaTrenchinthePacificOcean.EighteenhumanshavewalkedontheMoon,butonlythreehaveseentheDeepwiththeirowneyes.Yetthingslivedownthere.Bigthings.Averyloudsoundwasonceheardandscientistssuggestedthatitwasproducedbyananimalbiggerthanabluewhale,thelargestcreatureknownontheplanet.Inthelate1990s,adeep-watersubmarinewasdroppedintheSouthernOcean,andpassing4,000metres,itdiscoveredsomethinghugepassingunderit.Surprised?Don’tbe.Theoceancovers70%oftheplanet’ssurfaceandwe’vestudiedlessthan5%ofit.WeknowmoreaboutthedarksideoftheMoonthanaboutthebottomofthesea.Onereasonthatweexplorespaceistofindevidenceofotherlifeforms.ThesearchforlifeoutsideofEarthisimportant,butrobotscanlookunderthedryrocksofMarsbetterthanhumans.They’reabsolutelyimportantfordoingoceanresearchtoo,buttheycan’tlookunderthesea.Thecostofexplorationisrising,buttheresultswouldbenefitallourlives.Understandingtheoceanswillhelpusfindnewsourcesoffood,drugsandenergy.Perhapsnowit’stimetobeginanewperiodofseaexploration.Mannedexplorationofspaceissciencefiction.Theadventureofthedeepseaissciencefact.1.Whatdotheexamplesinparagraph2suggest?A.Seaexplorationisnoeasytask.B.Nuclearsubmarinesneedtobeimproved.C.Theoceanisfardeeperthanpeopleexpected.D.TheconditionundertheseaissimilartothatontheMoon.2.WhatdoweknowabouttheChallengerDeep?A.Bluewhaleslivethere.B.Noonehaseverbeenthere.C.Peopleareterrifiedbythesightofit.D.ItisthedeepestknownlocationonEarth.3.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthediscoveryintheSouthernOcean?A.It’ssurprising.B.It’snowonder.C.It’sworrying. D.It’snosuccess.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A.Spaceexplorationisoflittlevalue.B.Wespendtoomuchmoneyonspacetravel.C.Humans’successliesinhowmuchtheyexplorethesea.D.Theoceanistheplacewhereweshouldmakeourefforts.BSaythephrase“femaleenvironmentalpioneers”,andamongthenamesyouwillhearRachelCarson,whowroteaboutpesticides;chimpanzeeexpertJaneGoodall;and17-year-oldclimate-changeactivistGretaThunberg.TomarkWomen’sHistoryMonth,Kidspostissharingthestoryofanenvironmentalpioneerwhoisnotthatfamousbutequallyremarkable.Atage3,SylviaEarlefoundherlifelongpassionwhileplayingonabeach.Awavesuddenlycameupandknockedherover.“Mymother...sawthebigsmileonmyfaceandletmerunbackin,”EarletoldaTVintervieweryearslater.“AndI’vebeenrunningbackineversince.”Earleisnow84yearsoldandhasspentalifetimeexploringtheworld’soceansandworkingtoprotectthemfrompollution,overfishingandotherthreats.Sheisapioneerinusingscubagear.Scubagearletsdiverstakebreathunderwater.Sheholdstheworldrecordforthedeepestuntetheredwalkontheoceanfloorat1,250feet.Thismeansshewasnottiedtoanythingwhenshewaswalkingunderwater.Duringthisexploration,sheplantedaU.S.flag.In1998,TimemagazinegaveEarleitsfirstHeroesforthePlanetaward.ShewasthefirstfemalechiefscientistattheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA).ItistheU.S.oceanandatmospheregroup.ShewasalsoelectedtotheNationalWomen’sHallofFame.Earlehasspentherlifeteachingpeopleabouttheocean.Shenoteshowmuchitaffectstheweather,andwhatweeatanddrink.Shehassomethingtosaytothosewhodon’tunderstandwhytheoceanmatters.“Theyshouldknowthatwitheverybreaththeytake,everydropofwatertheydrink,theoceanistouchingthem,”Earlesays.“Youshouldtreattheoceanasifyourlifedependsonit—becauseitdoes.”5.WhatdoesEarle’slifelongpassionreferto?A.Teachingpeoplehowtodive.B.Writingarticlesformagazines.C.Exploringandprotectingoceans.D.Providingequipmentfordivers.6.WhatdoweknowaboutEarlefromthetext?A.Earleisaworldrecordholder.B.Earle’smotherisinsupportofherwork.C.EarleisaremarkableBritishoceanexplorer.D.EarleistheonlyfemalechiefscientistatNOAA.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeEarle?A.Braveandconservative.B.Devotedandcourageous.C.Determinedandrigid.D.Ambitiousandmodest.8.WhichofthefollowingstatementswillEarleagreewithaccordingtothetext?A.Peopleshouldstopoverfishingandeatingseafood.B.Theoceanplaysasignificantroleinhuman’slife.C.Theweatherhasafar-reachingeffectontheocean.D.Theexplorationoftheoceancanbedonewithoutlimit.Ⅱ.完形填空EddieRickenbackerwasafamousherobackinWorldWarⅡ.Ononeofhis1missionsacrossthePacific,heandhissevenmembercrewwentdown.Luckily,allofthemensurvived.Theycameoutoftheplaneandclimbedintoasmall2.Eddieandhiscrew3fordaysonthewatersofthePacific.Theyfoughtthesun.Theyfoughtsharks.Mostofall,theyfought4.Ontheeighthday,therewasnofoodorwaterleft.Theywerehundredsofmilesfromlandandatthattime,sadly,nooneknew5theywere.

Thatafternoontheyprayedforamiracle.Withoutamiracle,theywouldall6there.Thentheytriedtohaveashort7.Eddieleanedbackandpulledhiscapoverhiseyes.Timestopped.Allhecould8wastheslapofthewavesagainstthelifeboat.Suddenly,Eddiefeltsomethinglandonthetopofhiscap.Itwasaseagull!Eddiethensatperfectlystill,9hisnextmove.Quickly,hemanagedtograbitand10itsneck.Hetorethefeathersoff,andheandhiscrewmadeameal—avery11mealforeightmen.Thentheyusedsomemeatasbait.Withit,theycaughtfish,whichgavethemfoodandmorebait,andthecycle12.

After24daysatsea,theywerefinally13andsaved.EddieRickenbackerneverforgotthesacrificeofthatlifesavingseagull.Andhedidn’t14saying“Thankyou”.That’swhyalmosteveryFridaynighthewouldthrowabucketofshrimpintotheseawitha(n)15fullofgratitude.

1.A.escaping B.trainingC.flying D.running2.A.truck B.earC.lifeboat D.subway3.A.expanded B.commentedC.flowed D.floated4.A.hunger B.dangerC.fear D.future5.A.how B.whenC.what D.where6.A.settle B.struggleC.die D.stay7.A.talk B.restC.discussion D.argument8.A.hear B.seeC.dream D.imagine9.A.understanding B.realizingC.describing D.planning10.A.measured B.brokeC.touched D.kissed11.A.satisfying B.smallC.common D.tasty12.A.wentup B.turnedupC.setoff D.wenton13.A.removed B.foundC.protected D.treated14.A.advise B.keepC.consider D.stop15.A.heart B.mindC.hand D.ideaⅢ.读后续写阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2023重庆高二期中)Thelittlecarwascrowdedwithkids:mybrothersandsisters.Wefought,debatedandcried,makingmuchnoise.Beingpartofabigfamilywasreallystartingtoannoyme.Forexample,mybrothersandsistersknockedonthebathroomdoorallthetime.HowIwantedtobetheonlychildinmyfamily.Asthecarrolleddownthesmallroad,mymomsaidcheerfully,“Thepoolisthreeminutesaway.You’llhavemuchtimetoswim.”Swimmingwasapeacefulactivity.Icouldfloatonmybackandlookatthesky.IcouldpretendIwastheonlypersonintheworld.Momparkedthecarbesideasmallrowofothercars.“Oneatatime,”sheyelledbeforethecardoorsopened.Nobodylistened.Thecardoorsallflewopenatonce.Afterpushing,yellingandcrying,wecameout.Iquicklypulledoffmyjeans,T-shirt,socksandshoes,andfinallyputonmyswimsuit.“Yeah!”IyelledasIjumpedintothebignaturalpoolwithsmallstonesonitsfloor.Coldwaterstruckmyface.Iputmyheadunderthewater,whichshotupmynose.Afterstandingupagain,Idroppedbackwardintothewaterandbegantofloat.Thewatersataroundmycars,smoothandsilent.Thesunwarmedmyface.Iwaslikealeaffloatinginalargepoolpeacefully.Everythingwassilentunderwater.Forthemoment,IfeltIwastheonlychildthere.Ididn’thavetosharethingslikesnackswithotherkids.Mystomachmadeanoiseatthethoughtoffood.Hadn’tMompackedahugebagofchipsforoursnack?Istooduptowalktoshore.Oh!Darksandywatersuddenlyfilledmymouthandcoveredmyhead.Therockygroundwasgone;Iwaspushedintothedeep,darkwater.Itriedtokicktothesurface.Asmyfacepeekedout(微露出)fromunderthewater,Itookadeepbreath.Itriedtoswimandleavethedeepwater.Butitdidn’twork.Ionlyknewhowtofloat.注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式作答。Thewaterclosedovermyheadagain.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Icouldfeelmybodymovingupwardasafamiliarhandstartedtopullmethroughthewater._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________UNIT3能力提升强化练Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。通过对theMarianaTrench和SouthernOcean海底勘探的描述,作者讲述了人类对深海的探索,比起对太空的探索,或许深海更具现实意义。1.A细节理解题。由第二段中的“EighteenhumanshavewalkedontheMoon,butonlythreehaveseentheDeepwiththeirowneyes.”可知,比起探索太空,人类对于深海的探索更艰难。故选A项。2.D细节理解题。由第二段中的“Attheverybottom,about11kmdown,liestheChallengerDeep,thedeepestpartoftheMarianaTrenchinthePacificOcean.”可知,theChallengerDeep位于海底大概11千米的位置,是theMarianaTrench最深的部分。与D项相符,故选D项。3.B细节理解题。由第四段中的“itdiscoveredsomethinghugepassingunderit.Surprised?...aboutthebottomofthesea.”可知,对于在SouthernOcean中的发现,作者并不感到惊讶,地球表面70%被海水覆盖,人类对于它的研究还不到5%。对月球阴暗面的了解都比海底多。故选B项。4.D主旨大意题。由倒数第二段最后两句话可知探索海底,虽然费用高一些,但可以帮人类找到更多食物、药品和能量来源,对人类的实际意义更大。故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一位一生都致力于探索海洋、保护海洋的女性环保先锋——SylviaEarle,她是美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的第一位女性首席科学家。她还入选了全国妇女名人堂。同时,她提出了海洋对于人类的重要性。5.C细节理解题。根据第四段内容“Earleisnow84yearsold...overfishingandotherthreats.”可知,已有84岁的她一生致力于探索海洋,保护海洋。因此可知,她酷爱的是探索和保护海洋。故选C项。6.A细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Sheholdstheworl