衔接点02 介词及介词短语（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义）（原题版）

衔接点02介词及介词短语初中视角高中展望初中主要考查常见介词（如in、on、at、to、for等）的基本用法，涵盖时间、地点、方向、方式等简单语义的表达。多通过选择题、填空题等形式检测学生对基础语法的掌握。高中考查介词侧重灵活运用，如同一介词在不同语境下的多种含义、介词与其他词性的固定搭配（如动词+介词、形容词+介词），以及语法填空在长句、复合句中修饰关系和语义理解。衔接引导初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。【初中冠词考点聚焦】考点一时间介词、地点方位介词、方式介词和其他介词1．The2026BeijingBookFairopened________April22ndandlastedtwoweeks.A．in B．to C．at D．on2．Theschoolbusarrivesatthestop________7:00everymorning.A．on B．in C．at D．to3．VisitingtheGreatWallatnightisenjoyable________summer.A．in B．on C．at D．to4．Foryoursafety,pleasestay_________theyellowlinewhilewaitingforthetrain.A．behind B．between C．across D．through5．Thenewbookstoreis________theoldcinema,soyoucancrossthepedestrianbridgeandyouwillseeitrightnexttothebusstop.A．opposite B．next C．beside D．behind6．QuanHongchanprovedherselftobeanexcellentathlete________workinghard.A．without B．by C．over D．against7．—Howdoyoumakeyourselfrelaxedbeforemakingaspeech?—________listeningtosoftmusic.A．On B．With C．For D．By8．Thesmallvillage________ariverrunningbesideitismyhometown.A．and B．has C．with D．thereis9．Alice’sheadteacherpraisedher________makinggreatprogressinhersubjectsthisterm.A．with B．as C．by D．for10．—Didallthestudentsattendtheconcertyesterdayafternoon?—Yes,_______John.Hehadtolookafterhismotherinhospital.A．beyond B．besides C．against D．except考点二介词短语及固定搭配11．Ourcountryhasmadegreatprogressineducation.________,moreandmoreruralchildrencanreceivegoodeducation.A．Asaresult B．Afterall C．Forexample D．Infact12．—Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?—It’swonderful.________,themusicinitisamazing.A．Atonetime B．Inaword C．Asaresult D．Bytheway13．Whenothersshareideasingroupdiscussions,weshouldlistencarefully________toshowrespect.A．onpurpose B．insilence C．bymistake D．ontime14．—Willitrainduringthesportsmeetingtomorrow?—Ican’tsay________.Theweatherchangesquicklythesedays.A．forsure B．intime C．ontime D．atfirst15．Weshouldreachouttothose________aroundus,suchasthepoorandthelonelyelderly.A．indetail B．inneed C．insurprise D．inperson16．—Ifailedtherunningtestandfeelupset.—Cheerup!________,youhaveplentyofchancestotryagain.A．Forexample B．Ingeneral C．Afterall D．Atleast17．Youcan’ttrulyunderstandyourbestfriendunlessyoucommunicatewithhim________.A．inpublic B．inperson C．introuble D．insilence18．Manypeoplethinkpaintingishardtolearn.________,itwillbecomeeasyifyoukeeppracticing.A．Bytheway B．Forexample C．Infact D．Atleast19．Tomisawell-organizedboy.Healwaysputshisbooksandstationery________.A．byaccident B．inorder C．onpurpose D．withoutdoubt20．________thehardworkofallscientists,China’sdeep-seaexplorationhasachievedgreatsuccess.A．Accordingto B．Thanksto C．Asfor D．Soundslike【高中介词考点聚焦】课标解读介词的考查形式多样,除了单纯考查介词外,还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外,在定语从句中,也常考查“介词+关系代词”的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高,如with,beyond。考点清单考点一、表示工具、手段、方式的介词的用法介词含义及用法示例by涉及交通工具的单数名词且该名词前不加冠词和任何修饰语；还可表示“靠……手段，用……方法，凭借……”，后可接名词、代词或动词-ingbysea,bywater,byland,byair,bybike,bytaxi,byplane,byship/boat,bytrain,byspaceship；Wecanrealizeourdreambyworkinghard.；Youcanmakethecakebymixingeggsandflour.with表示“用，使用（某种工具、物品或材料等）”，所接名词前应加冠词或形容词性物主代词Hesharpenedhispencilwithaknife.；Weseewithoureyes,hearwithourears,andwalkwithourlegs.in表示用材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等ThebookwaswritteninChinese.；Hespokeinaloudvoice.；Pleasewriteinink，notinpencil.on表示“通过，使用，借助于”媒体工具ShelearnsEnglishontheradio/onTV.考点二、表示"原因或理由"的介词的用法介词用法例句for常与表示闻名、奖罚等意义的形容词或动词连用,如famous,known,praise,punish等Xi'anisfamousforitslonghistory.西安因历史悠久而著名。at常与表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词(如happy,pleased,angry,delighted等)连用,表示产生这种情感的原因Hewassurprisedatthenews.听到这个消息他很惊讶。with常与表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的抽象名词连用,强调随着心理变化而产生的情感变化Heshoutedloudlywithanger.他气得大喊大叫。from常接抽象名词,表示自然或间接原因Shefeltsickfromtiredness.她累得浑身不对劲。of多用于表示自身的原因;也常用于某些与情感相关的形容词后Herfrienddiedofcancer.她的朋友死于癌症。Hisfatherisproudofhim.他父亲为他感到骄傲。考点三、表示“除了……”的介词的用法besides指“除了……还有”，与inadditionto/apartfrom/asidefrom同义。作连接副词时，意为“此外”。如：TwoforeignteacherswerepresentatthemeetingbesidesSmith.除了史密斯之外，还有两名外籍教师出席了会议。②but作介词时，意为“除了(……之外)”，常用在no,all,nobody,anywhere,everything,no等词和其他疑问词后面。如：Whobutafoolwoulddosuchathing?除了傻瓜谁会做这样的事？③except与exceptfor都意为“除……外”，两者一般都不能位于句首。但except后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类，指在同类的整体中除去一个部分。exceptfor后接的词同整体词（主语）不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节。如：TheofficeisopeneverydayexceptSundays.除了星期日这家公司每天都营业。Hisdiaryisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.除了一些拼写错误，他的日记写得还不错。考点四、两组高频易混介词比较介词词义例句against反对，倚靠，逆着，相反，在……的衬托下，与……比赛Shewasforcedtomarryagainstherwill.她被迫违心地嫁了人。That'sagainstthelaw.那是违法的。Theskier'sredclothesstoodoutclearlyagainstthesnow.滑雪者的红衣服在雪的衬托下显得分外醒目。for支持，赞成，与infavorof同义Areyoufororagainstthenewroadscheme?你对修建新道路的计划是赞成还是反对？考点五介词的习惯搭配分类搭配类型具体示例与形容词构成的搭配be＋adj.＋aboutbeanxiousabout（对……忧虑）、becuriousabout（对……好奇）与形容词构成的搭配be＋adj.＋atbeangryat（因……生气）、begoodat（擅长）与形容词构成的搭配be＋adj.＋inbeabsorbedin（专注于……）、beactivein（积极于……）、bedressedin（穿着……）、beengagedin（忙于……）与形容词构成的搭配be＋adj.＋forbeeagerfor（渴望……）、befamousfor（因……著名）、befitfor（适合，胜任……）、bereadyfor（准备好……）与形容词构成的搭配be＋adj.＋frombeabsentfrom（缺席）、bedifferentfrom（不同于）与形容词构成的搭配be＋adj.＋tobecloseto（接近……）、bedevotedto（致力于……）、beequalto（等于……）、befamiliarto（对……来说熟悉）与形容词构成的搭配be＋adj.＋ofbeawareof（意识到……）、befondof（喜欢……）与形容词构成的搭配be＋adj.＋withbebusywith（忙于……）、befamiliarwith（对……熟悉）、bepatientwith（对……有耐心）与名词构成的搭配“at＋n.”表示状态ataloss（不知所措）、atpeace（处于和平中）、atwar（在战争中）、atwork（在工作）与名词构成的搭配“on＋n.”表示状态onexhibition/show（在展出）、onfire（着火）、onsale（出售，打折）、ontheway（在途中）与名词构成的搭配“by＋n.”表示方式byaccident（偶然）、byair/plane（乘飞机）、bychance（偶然）、bydesign（故意）与名词构成的搭配“in＋n.”表示方式incash（用现金付款）、indepth（在深度上）、indetail（详细地）、inheight（在高度上）与名词构成的搭配“of＋n.”表示特征（等于相应的形容词）ofbenefit（有益处的）、ofuse（有用的）与名词构成的搭配“outof＋n.”表示状态outofbalance（失去平衡）、outofbreath（上气不接下气）与名词构成的搭配“with＋n.”表示方式withdelight/joy（高兴地）、withdifficulty（有困难地）一、单句语法填空1．HeescapedprisoninOctoberandhidhimselfintheforest.(用适当的词填空)2．Idogetangrypeoplewholeavetheirofficesinanawfulmesseveryday.(用适当的词填空)3．Astheycameinmydirection,Iputmybrightestandhappiestsmile.(用适当的词填空)4．Itrytowarnhimthedanger,butheisdeterminedtogooutaloneatnight.（用适当的词填空）5．Thebridgestandsabrilliantmasterpieceinmodernengineering.(用适当的词填空)6．Asshetoldmeallregardtothehouse,Icouldheartheexcitementandjoyinhervoice.（用适当的词填空）7．Bringyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.(用适当的词填空)8．SometimesshepreparestraditionalBraziliandishesinhonourhernativehome.(用适当的词填空)9．Whatwediscoveredisthatit’sunwisetojudgewhatyoueatonlyitsappearance.(用适当的词填空)10．Ididn’thavetheintentiontoignoreyourtips,butIstillshouldapologiseyouformyunintentionalneglect.(用适当的词填空)11．Ribeirocharges€35perpersonwhatisusuallyathree-coursemealthatcanlastuptothreehours.(用适当的词填空)12．Thefarmersaidhesawthegreenobjectcomeviewjustafterafire-ballhadpassedoverhead.(用适当的词填空)13．Bobisalittleslowinunderstanding,soIhavetobepatienthim.(用适当的词填空)14．Howmuchdoyoupaytwoarticlesobtainedfromaninternationallibrary?(用适当的词填空)15．Everyyear,agreatmanyvisitorscometovisitthetempledatingbackthe12thcentury,whichhasbroughtalargeincome.（用适当的词填空）16．NewscamefromtheschoolofficethatWangLinhadbeenadmittedPekingUniversity.(用适当的词填空)17．I’mgladtohearthatyouwanttotakeparttheUN’sinitiativeforglobalteenagers.(用适当的词填空)18．Tusaysthatthebalancetheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthestrategicplacementofthepieces,andtheenergyflowfollowingeachmove...(用适当的词填空)19．TransFormallowsyoutogettofocusyourchosentrackthroughsubjectmattertalks,hands-onworkshops,andoff-siteexperiences.(用适当的词填空)20．Ouremployeesmustbedependableandbeabletoliftheavythingsandstandlonghoursatime.(用适当的词填空)二、完成句子21．________________thatwedon’tunderstand.我们害怕我们不理解的事情。22．Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportant______________.我走进教室，相信写作作为一种交流方式是重要的。23．Thetwosisters______________________(轮流照顾她们生病的母亲).（根据汉语提示完成句子）24．Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents._________________________________(作为回报,我们希望他们能努力工作).（根据汉语提示完成句子）25．Beforetheemergencycanbecontrolled,noone_________________________________(未经许可不允许离开该社区).(根据汉语提示完成句子)26．She________________forwhichtheyshowedgreatrespectforher.她对学生通常很有耐心,因此他们十分尊重她。27．Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamily________________.聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的一个机会｡28．________________________,thesecurityofficerimmediatelyrealizedthecomingdanger.令她宽慰的是，这名安全员当即察觉到了即将到来的危险。29．这种特殊的微生物能够在完全无氧的环境中生存并繁殖。Thisparticulartypeofmicroorganism________________________survivingandmultiplyingincompletelyoxygen-freeenvironments.30．​_________________,hislazinessisthemainreasonhefailedtheexam.在一定程度上，他的懒惰是这次考试失利的主要原因。三、语篇填空（介词专练）第一篇（记叙文）AMeaningfulTree-PlantingDayLastFriday,allthestudentstookpart＿＿(1)＿＿thetree-plantingactivityinthepark＿＿(2)＿＿ourschool.Wewentthere＿＿(3)＿＿schoolbusearlyinthemorning.Theparkis＿＿(4)＿＿thefootofasmallhill.Weworked＿＿(5)＿＿pairs:somedugholes,somecarriedyoungtrees,andotherswateredthem.Weweretiredbuthappy＿＿(6)＿＿thehardwork.Weputasmallsign＿＿(7)＿＿eachtreetoremindpeopletolookafterthem.Whenweleft,wetookphotos＿＿(8)＿＿thenewgreentrees.Webelievethesetreeswillgrowwellandprotectthesoil＿＿(9)＿＿beingwashedaway.Thisactivityismeaningful＿＿(10)＿＿everyoneinourclass.第二篇（说明文）KeepingHealthyHealthisveryimportant＿＿(1)＿＿everyone.Weshouldkeepgoodlivinghabits＿＿(2)＿＿ourdailylife.First,weshouldeatmorefruitandvegetablesinstead＿＿(3)＿＿toomuchfastfood.It’snecessaryforustotakeexercise＿＿(4)＿＿least30minuteseveryday.Wecanalsorelaxourselves＿＿(5)＿＿listeningtolightmusic.Wemuststayaway＿＿(6)＿＿smokinganddrinkingbecausetheyareharmful＿＿(7)＿＿ourbody.Weshouldalsokeepourclassroomsandbedroomscleantopreventillness＿＿(8)＿＿spreading.Whenwemeetproblems,wecantalk＿＿(9)＿＿ourparentsorteachersforhelp.Ifwecanstick＿＿(10)＿＿thesehabits,wewillsurelykeephealthy.一、语法填空A.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Everydayhewroteonequoteontheboard1(him).Mr.GentlessaidofferingquotesfromancientChinawashiswayof

tryingtomakepeoplefeelmorewelcomeastheybravedtheUnderground.Thousandsofquoteslater,Mr.Gentles’favoritemessageremainsthefirstonehewrote:“Ajourneyofathousandmilesmustbegin2asinglestep”.Becauseit’sfundamentallytrue,”hesaid.“Nomatter3youliveyourlife,regardlessofyourSituation,youhavetotakethefirststep.B.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Youngpeopleworkhardtogettheirqualifications.4employerstodayoftenfindthatsoftskillsmatterjustasmuch,ifnotmore.Theseskillsinclude5(manage)yourtimewisely,solvingproblemscreatively,andcommunicatingeffectively.Unlikequalifications,6mainlyshowwhatyouknow,softskillsshowhowyoudealwithothers.Peoplewiththeseabilitiesaremorelikelytoperformbetterintheirjobs.Thegoodnewsisthatsoftskillscanbetrained.Youcandevelopthem7payingattentiontohowyouthink,listeningactivelytoothers,andreflectingonyourdailyinteractions.C.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。ThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.8(study)thehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable.ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,9isanancientportcitythathasahistorydatingallthewayback10Romantimes.Therearecountlesshistoricsitestoexplore,andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelicsfromallovertheUK.D.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。YuanLongping,11isknownasthe“FatherofHybridRice”,isarespectedChineseagriculturalscientist.Heovercamecountlessdifficultiesandsuccessfullydevelopedhigh-yieldhybridrice12the1970s.HisresearchhelpedsolvefoodshortagesinChinaandmanyothercountries.Hedevotedhiswholelifetofeedingmorepeopleandmade13(remark)contributionstoworldagriculture.Heistrulyarolemodelworthlearningfrom.二、阅读理解Inrecentyears,theconceptof“slowtravel”hasappearedasareactiontothefast-paced,masstourismthatdominatestheindustry.Slowtravelencouragestravelerstoengagedeeplywithlocalcultures,staylongerindestinations,andformmeaningfulconnectionswithlocalcommunities.Oneofthekeyprinciplesofslowtravelistoreduceenvironmentalimpact.Bychoosingtostayinlocally-ownedaccommodations,eatingatfamily-runrestaurants,andusingpublictransportationorbicycles,travelerscangreatlydecreasetheircarbonfootprint.Forinstance,astudyfoundthattouristswhoengageinslowtravelproduceupto70%lessgreenhousegasemissionscomparedtothoseontraditionalpackagetours.Slowtravelalsoallowsforadeeperculturalunderstanding.Insteadofrushingthroughtouristattractions,slowtravelerstakethetimetoparticipateinlocaltraditions,learnabouthistoricalimportance,andinteractwithlocals.Thisnotonlyenrichesthetravelexperiencebutalsoprovideseconomicbenefitstolocalcommunities.Insomeruralareas,“slowtravel”hashelpedpreserveendangeredcraftsandsavedyingtraditions.However,slowtravelisnotwithoutchallenges.Itrequiresmoreplanningandflexibility.Astravelersneedtoresearchlocalcustoms,transportationoptions,andauthentic(真实的)experiences.Additionally,slowtravelmaynotbepracticalforeveryoneduetotimeorbudgetlimit.Forbusyprofessionalsorfamilieswithlimitedvacationdays,spendingweeksinasingledestinationmayseemunrealistic.Despitethesechallenges,theslowtravelmovementcontinuestogrow.