2026年秋人教版新教材九年级上册英语Unit 1－Unit 8各单元课文句法分析+逐句翻译 讲义

第第页2026年秋人教版新教材九年级上册英语Unit1－Unit8各单元课文句法分析+逐句翻译讲义\o"Unit1TheChangingWorld"Unit1TheChangingWorld课文句法分析+逐句翻译■主语■谓语/系动词■表语■宾语■状语·■定语■从句■主句■连词/结构词◆SectionA3a:AnInterviewonRuralChanges记者与两位村民的访谈1Reporter:Howhaslifechangedinyourhometownoverthelast20years?【主干】lifehaschanged〔主语+谓语〕【句型】特殊疑问句（现在完成时）。how对变化方式/程度提问。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Reporter（记者）▸疑问状语:How(对变化的方式与程度提问)▸谓语:haschanged(现在完成时)▸主语:life▸地点状语:inyourhometown▸时间状语:overthelast20years【翻译】记者：在过去20年里，你家乡的生活发生了怎样的变化？2MrYan:Oh,ithaschangedquitealot!Manyyoungpeopleusedtoworkinbigcities.Now,moreofthemhavecomebacktoliveandworkhere.【句型】该轮含三句。句①感叹句（现在完成时）；句②简单句（usedtodo）；句③简单句（现在完成时）。【结构拆解】▸说话人:MrYan（严先生）▸句①:Oh,ithaschangedquitealot!•感叹词:Oh•主语:it(指家乡的生活)•谓语:haschanged(现在完成时)•程度状语:quitealot(quitealot变化很大)▸句②:Manyyoungpeopleusedtoworkinbigcities.•主语:Manyyoungpeople•谓语:usedtowork(usedtodo过去常常做)•地点状语:inbigcities▸句③:Now,moreofthemhavecomebacktoliveandworkhere.•时间状语:Now•主语:moreofthem(them指年轻人)•谓语:havecomeback(现在完成时)•目的状语:toliveandworkhere(不定式表目的，liveandwork并列)【翻译】严先生：哦，变化可大了！以前许多年轻人在大城市工作。如今，他们当中更多人回到这里生活和工作了。3Reporter:Great!Havetherebeenanyotherchanges?【句型】含两句。句①感叹语；句②为therebe句型的一般疑问句（现在完成时）。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Reporter▸句①:Great!(感叹语)▸句②:Havetherebeenanyotherchanges?•谓语:Havebeen(现在完成时；therebe结构)•引导词:there•主语:anyotherchanges【翻译】记者：太好了！还有其他变化吗？4MsWu:Yes,we'vechangedthewaywefarm.Iusedtogrowafewvegetablesonasmallfarmtosellatthelocalmarket.Now,Ihavelarge,high-techgreenhouses.There,Igrowtonsoffruitandvegetables,andselltheminlargecities.【句型】含四句。句①含定语从句（关系词省略，修饰theway）；句②含不定式表目的；句④为并列谓语句。【结构拆解】▸说话人:MsWu（吴女士）▸句①:Yes,we'vechangedthewaywefarm.•主语:we•谓语:'vechanged(havechanged现在完成时)•宾语:theway•定语从句:wefarm(修饰theway，关系副词how/that省略)◦主语:we◦谓语:farm▸句②:Iusedtogrowafewvegetablesonasmallfarmtosellatthelocalmarket.•主语:I•谓语:usedtogrow(usedtodo过去常常)•宾语:afewvegetables•地点状语:onasmallfarm•目的状语:tosellatthelocalmarket(不定式表目的)▸句③:Now,Ihavelarge,high-techgreenhouses.•时间状语:Now•主语:I•谓语:have•宾语:large,high-techgreenhouses▸句④:There,Igrowtonsoffruitandvegetables,andselltheminlargecities.•地点状语:There•主语:I•并列谓语①:grow•宾语:tonsoffruitandvegetables(tonsof大量的)•并列连词:and•并列谓语②:sell•宾语:them•地点状语:inlargecities【翻译】吴女士：有，我们改变了耕作方式。我以前在一个小农场里种些蔬菜，拿到当地集市上卖。现在，我有了大型高科技温室。我在里面种出大量的水果和蔬菜，卖到大城市去。5Reporter:Wow,thenewhighwayandrailwaymusthavehelpedalot!【主干】thenewhighwayandrailwaymusthavehelped〔主语+谓语〕【句型】简单句（感叹句）。musthavedone表对过去的肯定推测。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Reporter▸感叹词:Wow▸主语:thenewhighwayandrailway(and连接并列主语)▸谓语:musthavehelped(musthavedone对过去的肯定推测)▸程度状语:alot【翻译】记者：哇，新修的公路和铁路一定帮了大忙吧！6MrYan:Oh,theyhave!Ourvillagehasbecomeatouristattraction.Wecannowselllocalproductstotourists.WealsosellproductsonlinetopeoplealloverChina.【句型】含四句。句①为省略句（theyhave后省略helped）；其余为简单句。【结构拆解】▸说话人:MrYan▸句①:Oh,theyhave!•主语:they(指公路和铁路)•谓语:have(现在完成时；后省略helpedalot)▸句②:Ourvillagehasbecomeatouristattraction.•主语:Ourvillage•系动词:hasbecome(现在完成时；become为系动词)•表语:atouristattraction▸句③:Wecannowselllocalproductstotourists.•主语:We•谓语:cansell(情态动词can)•时间状语:now•宾语:localproducts•对象状语:totourists▸句④:WealsosellproductsonlinetopeoplealloverChina.•主语:We•谓语:alsosell•宾语:products•方式状语:online•对象状语:topeoplealloverChina(alloverChina作定语修饰people)【翻译】严先生：哦，的确如此！我们村已经成了旅游景点。现在我们可以把当地特产卖给游客，还能通过网络把产品卖到全中国。7Reporter:Havethesechangesgreatlyimprovedyourlives?【主干】thesechangesHaveimprovedyourlives〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】一般疑问句（现在完成时）。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Reporter▸谓语:Haveimproved(现在完成时)▸主语:thesechanges▸程度状语:greatly▸宾语:yourlives【翻译】记者：这些变化大大改善了你们的生活吗？8MsWu:Yes!Wenowhavenewhouses.Andourvillagehasjustbuiltanewhospitalandalibrary.【句型】含三句。句①感叹语；句②简单句；句③以And开头的简单句（现在完成时）。【结构拆解】▸说话人:MsWu▸句①:Yes!(感叹语)▸句②:Wenowhavenewhouses.•主语:We•时间状语:now•谓语:have•宾语:newhouses▸句③:Andourvillagehasjustbuiltanewhospitalandalibrary.•并列连词:And•主语:ourvillage•谓语:hasjustbuilt(现在完成时；just刚刚)•宾语:anewhospitalandalibrary(and连接并列宾语)【翻译】吴女士：是的！我们现在住上了新房子。我们村还刚刚建了一座新医院和一座图书馆。9Reporter:Wonderful!Togetheryouarebuildinganewsocialistvillage.【句型】含两句。句①感叹语；句②为现在进行时的简单句。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Reporter▸句①:Wonderful!(感叹语)▸句②:Togetheryouarebuildinganewsocialistvillage.•方式状语:Together(置于句首，强调"共同")•主语:you•谓语:arebuilding(现在进行时)•宾语:anewsocialistvillage【翻译】记者：太好了！你们正在共同建设一个社会主义新农村。◆SectionB1b:OntheFastTrack驶上快车道1In2017,thenew480-kilometreMombasa–Nairobirailwaywasopened.【主干】thenew480-kilometreMombasa–Nairobirailwaywasopened〔主语+谓语〕【句型】简单句（一般过去时的被动语态）。【结构拆解】▸时间状语:In2017▸主语:thenew480-kilometreMombasa–Nairobirailway▸谓语:wasopened(一般过去时被动语态：be+过去分词)【翻译】2017年，全长480公里的新蒙巴萨—内罗毕铁路通车了。2Beforethen,theonlytransportlinksbetweenMombasa,Kenya'smainport,andNairobi,Kenya'scapital,wereroughroadsandanoldrailwaylinebuiltin1901.【主干】theonlytransportlinkswereroughroadsandanoldrailwaylinebuiltin1901〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】简单句（主系表）。主语含两处同位语；表语含过去分词作定语。【结构拆解】▸时间状语:Beforethen(在那之前)▸主语:theonlytransportlinks…betweenMombasa…andNairobi…•中心词:theonlytransportlinks•定语:betweenMombasa…andNairobi…(介词短语作定语，说明连接的两地)•同位语①:Kenya'smainport(说明Mombasa)•同位语②:Kenya'scapital(说明Nairobi)▸系动词:were▸表语:roughroadsandanoldrailwaylinebuiltin1901(and连接并列表语)•表语①:roughroads•表语②:anoldrailwayline•定语:builtin1901(过去分词短语作定语，修饰railwayline)【翻译】在此之前，肯尼亚主要港口蒙巴萨与首都内罗毕之间唯一的交通连接，是崎岖的公路和一条建于1901年的旧铁路。3Theoldtrainswereveryslow.【主干】Theoldtrainswereveryslow〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】简单句（主系表）。【结构拆解】▸主语:Theoldtrains▸系动词:were▸表语:veryslow(very修饰slow)【翻译】那些旧火车非常慢。4Ittook10hourstogettoNairobifromMombasabytrain.【主干】Ittook10hours〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句。it作形式主语，不定式短语为真正主语（Ittook+时间+todo）。【结构拆解】▸形式主语:It▸谓语:took▸宾语:10hours▸真正主语:togettoNairobifromMombasabytrain(不定式短语作真正主语)•不定式:toget•方向状语:toNairobi•起点状语:fromMombasa•方式状语:bytrain【翻译】坐火车从蒙巴萨到内罗毕要花10个小时。5However,thenewrailway,builtwithChina'shelp,hasalreadycutthetraveltimebetweenMombasaandNairobitoaboutfourhoursforpassengers.【主干】thenewrailwayhasalreadycutthetraveltime〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句（现在完成时）。过去分词短语作非限定性定语；cut…to…把……缩减到……。【结构拆解】▸转折状语:However▸主语:thenewrailway▸定语:builtwithChina'shelp(过去分词短语作定语，逗号隔开补充说明railway)▸谓语:hasalreadycut(现在完成时；already已经)▸宾语:thetraveltime▸定语:betweenMombasaandNairobi(介词短语修饰traveltime)▸结果状语:toaboutfourhours(cut…to…缩短到约4小时)▸对象状语:forpassengers【翻译】然而，这条在中国帮助下建成的新铁路，已经把乘客在蒙巴萨与内罗毕之间的旅行时间缩短到约4个小时。6Now,morethantwomillionpeopleuseiteveryyear.【主干】morethantwomillionpeopleuseit〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句（一般现在时）。【结构拆解】▸时间状语:Now▸主语:morethantwomillionpeople(morethan超过)▸谓语:use▸宾语:it(指这条新铁路)▸频度状语:everyyear【翻译】如今，每年有超过200万人乘坐它。7LocalKenyanshavebenefitedalotfromthenewrailway.【主干】LocalKenyanshavebenefited〔主语+谓语〕【句型】简单句（现在完成时）。benefitfrom从……受益。【结构拆解】▸主语:LocalKenyans▸谓语:havebenefited(现在完成时)▸程度状语:alot▸来源状语:fromthenewrailway(benefitfrom从……受益)【翻译】当地肯尼亚人从这条新铁路中受益良多。8Agovernmentworkersaid,"I'mveryhappywiththenewrailwaybuiltbyourChinesefriends.Manychangeshavetakenplaceinthetownoverthelastfewyears,andthepeoplewholiveherehavebecomerich."【句型】主句+直接引语。引语含过去分词定语、定语从句及and连接的并列句。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Agovernmentworker▸谓语:said▸引语①:"I'mveryhappywiththenewrailwaybuiltbyourChinesefriends."•主语:I•系动词:'m(am)•表语:veryhappy(behappywith对……满意)•对象状语:withthenewrailway•定语:builtbyourChinesefriends(过去分词短语作定语修饰railway；by引出动作者)▸引语②:"Manychangeshavetakenplace…,andthepeoplewholiveherehavebecomerich."•分句①:Manychangeshavetakenplaceinthetownoverthelastfewyears◦主语:Manychanges◦谓语:havetakenplace(现在完成时；takeplace发生)◦地点状语:inthetown◦时间状语:overthelastfewyears•并列连词:and•分句②:thepeoplewholiveherehavebecomerich◦主语:thepeople◦定语从句:wholivehere(修饰thepeople，who作从句主语)◦系动词:havebecome(现在完成时；become系动词)◦表语:rich【翻译】一位政府工作人员说：“我对中国朋友帮我们修建的这条新铁路非常满意。过去几年里，镇上发生了许多变化，住在这里的人们都富裕起来了。”9Abusinessmansaid,"Myexperienceofusingthetrainsince2017hasbeengood.Itisveryconvenientanddoesn'tcostmuchmoney.Iamabletogettoplacesontimeandmakebusinessdealswithease."【句型】主句+直接引语。引语含三句：现在完成时、并列谓语句、beableto结构。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Abusinessman▸谓语:said▸引语①:"Myexperienceofusingthetrainsince2017hasbeengood."•主语:Myexperience•定语:ofusingthetrain(of+动名词作定语修饰experience)•时间状语:since2017(since与完成时连用)•系动词:hasbeen(现在完成时)•表语:good▸引语②:"Itisveryconvenientanddoesn'tcostmuchmoney."•主语:It(指乘车体验)•系动词:is•表语:veryconvenient•并列连词:and•并列谓语:doesn'tcost(一般现在时否定)•宾语:muchmoney▸引语③:"Iamabletogettoplacesontimeandmakebusinessdealswithease."•主语:I•谓语:amableto(beableto能够)•并列不定式①:gettoplacesontime(准时到达各地)•并列连词:and•并列不定式②:makebusinessdealswithease(withease轻松地)【翻译】一位商人说：“自2017年以来，我乘坐这趟列车的体验一直很好。它非常方便，花费也不多。我能准时抵达各地，轻松谈成生意。”10Therailwayhasalsomadethetransportoffoodeasier.【主干】Therailwayhasalsomadethetransportoffood〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句（现在完成时）。make+宾语+形容词宾补结构。【结构拆解】▸主语:Therailway▸谓语:hasalsomade(现在完成时；makesth.+adj.)▸宾语:thetransportoffood(offood作定语修饰transport)▸宾语补足语:easier(形容词比较级作宾补)【翻译】这条铁路还让食品运输变得更便捷。11"Foodusedtotakehundredsoflorriestocarrybetweenthetwocities,butnowittakesonlytwoorthreetrains,"saidasupermarketmanager.【句型】直接引语+倒装的说话人标注。引语为but连接的并列句；take意为"需要"。【结构拆解】▸引语:"Foodusedtotakehundredsoflorries…,butnowittakesonlytwoorthreetrains"•分句①:Foodusedtotakehundredsoflorriestocarrybetweenthetwocities◦主语:Food◦谓语:usedtotake(usedtodo；take意为"需要")◦宾语:hundredsoflorries(hundredsof数百)◦不定式:tocarry(表用途，运送)◦地点状语:betweenthetwocities•转折连词:but•分句②:nowittakesonlytwoorthreetrains◦时间状语:now◦主语:it◦谓语:takes(需要)◦宾语:onlytwoorthreetrains▸说话人标注:saidasupermarketmanager(主谓倒装)【翻译】“以前在两座城市之间运送食品需要数百辆卡车，而现在只需两三列火车，”一位超市经理说。12"Asaresult,peoplenowhavemorefreshfoodtoeat."【主干】peoplehavemorefreshfood〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句。Asaresult作结果状语；不定式作定语修饰food。【结构拆解】▸结果状语:Asaresult(因此)▸主语:people▸时间状语:now▸谓语:have▸宾语:morefreshfood▸定语:toeat(不定式作定语修饰food)【翻译】“因此，人们现在能吃到更多新鲜食品。”13AlthoughChinaandKenyaarefarawayfromeachother,therailwayshowshowdifferentcountriescanworktogethertobuildabetterworld.【主干】therailwayshows＋宾语从句〔主语+谓语+宾语从句〕【句型】主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句；主句含how引导的宾语从句。【结构拆解】▸让步状语从句:AlthoughChinaandKenyaarefarawayfromeachother•连词:Although•主语:ChinaandKenya(and连接并列主语)•系动词:are•表语:farawayfromeachother(farawayfrom远离；eachother彼此)▸主句:therailwayshowshowdifferentcountriescanworktogethertobuildabetterworld•主语:therailway•谓语:shows•宾语从句:howdifferentcountriescanworktogethertobuildabetterworld◦连接词:how(引导宾语从句，作方式状语)◦主语:differentcountries◦谓语:canwork(情态动词can)◦方式状语:together◦目的状语:tobuildabetterworld(不定式表目的)【翻译】尽管中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路展示了不同国家如何携手合作，共建一个更美好的世界。◆SectionB3a:ChangesinMyLife我生活中的变化1NowthatIamolder,mylifeisdifferentfromwhenIwasinprimaryschool.【主干】mylifeisdifferent〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】主从复合句。Nowthat引导原因状语从句；主句中from后接when引导的从句作比较对象。【结构拆解】▸原因状语从句:NowthatIamolder•连词:Nowthat(既然/如今……)•主语:I•系动词:am•表语:older(比较级)▸主句:mylifeisdifferentfromwhenIwasinprimaryschool•主语:mylife•系动词:is•表语:different(bedifferentfrom与……不同)•比较状语:fromwhenIwasinprimaryschool(from后接when从句作比较对象)◦连词:when◦主语:I◦系动词:was◦地点状语:inprimaryschool【翻译】如今我长大了，我的生活和上小学时不一样了。2Forexample,myprimaryschoolwasnearmyhome,soIusedtowalktoschoolwithmyparents.【句型】并列句。so（因此）连接两个分句，表因果。【结构拆解】▸插入语:Forexample(例如)▸分句①:myprimaryschoolwasnearmyhome•主语:myprimaryschool•系动词:was•表语:nearmyhome(介词短语作表语)▸连词:so(因此，表结果)▸分句②:Iusedtowalktoschoolwithmyparents•主语:I•谓语:usedtowalk(usedtodo)•方向状语:toschool•伴随状语:withmyparents【翻译】比如，我的小学离家很近，所以我以前常和父母一起走路上学。3Nowmyjuniorhighschoolisfartherfromhome.【主干】myjuniorhighschoolisfarther〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】简单句（主系表）。【结构拆解】▸时间状语:Now▸主语:myjuniorhighschool▸系动词:is▸表语:farther(far的比较级)▸比较状语:fromhome【翻译】现在我的初中离家更远了。4Itakeabuseverydaywithmyfriends.【主干】Itakeabus〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句。【结构拆解】▸主语:I▸谓语:take▸宾语:abus▸频度状语:everyday▸伴随状语:withmyfriends【翻译】我每天和朋友们一起坐公交车上学。5Myhomehaschangedtoo.【主干】Myhomehaschanged〔主语+谓语〕【句型】简单句（现在完成时）。【结构拆解】▸主语:Myhome▸谓语:haschanged(现在完成时)▸程度状语:too(也)【翻译】我的家也变了。6Myfamilyusedtoliveinasmallflat,butnowwehavemovedtoamuchlargerone.【句型】并列句。but连接两分句；前句usedto，后句现在完成时。【结构拆解】▸分句①:Myfamilyusedtoliveinasmallflat•主语:Myfamily•谓语:usedtolive(usedtodo)•地点状语:inasmallflat▸转折连词:but▸分句②:nowwehavemovedtoamuchlargerone•时间状语:now•主语:we•谓语:havemoved(现在完成时)•方向状语:toamuchlargerone(one指代flat；much修饰比较级larger)【翻译】我的家以前住在一套小公寓里，但现在我们搬进了一套大得多的房子。7Mygrandmaliveswithusnowaswell.【主干】Mygrandmalives〔主语+谓语〕【句型】简单句。【结构拆解】▸主语:Mygrandma▸谓语:lives▸伴随状语:withus▸时间状语:now▸补充状语:aswell(也)【翻译】现在奶奶也和我们住在一起了。8ShehasherownroomandherownTVset.【主干】ShehasherownroomandherownTVset〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句。【结构拆解】▸主语:She▸谓语:has▸宾语:herownroomandherownTVset(and连接并列宾语；own强调"自己的")【翻译】她有自己的房间和电视机。9IamgladthatIgettoseehereveryday.【主干】Iamglad〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】主从复合句。that引导宾语从句（位于表语形容词glad之后）。【结构拆解】▸主句:Iamglad•主语:I•系动词:am•表语:glad▸宾语从句:thatIgettoseehereveryday(位于表语形容词glad之后)•连词:that•主语:I•谓语:gettosee(gettodo得以/有机会做)•宾语:her•频度状语:everyday【存疑】此处that从句归类有争议：传统中学语法多作宾语从句（把glad看作及物性）；亦有作"原因状语从句"或形容词补语。本资料采用宾语从句，可按贵校口径改。【翻译】我很高兴每天都能见到她。10ThewayIstudyisalsodifferent.【主干】Thewayisdifferent〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】主从复合句。含关系词省略的定语从句修饰Theway。【结构拆解】▸主语:Theway▸定语从句:Istudy(修饰Theway，关系词how/that/inwhich省略)•主语:I•谓语:study▸系动词:is▸补充状语:also▸表语:different【翻译】我的学习方式也不同了。11Ihavebecomemoreconfidentinmystudiesandoftenattendgroupdiscussions.【主干】Ihavebecomemoreconfident〔主语+谓语+表语〕【句型】简单句，含并列谓语。前一谓语为现在完成时（系表），后一谓语为一般现在时。【结构拆解】▸主语:I▸并列谓语①:havebecome(现在完成时；become系动词)▸表语:moreconfident(比较级)▸范围状语:inmystudies▸并列连词:and▸频度状语:often▸并列谓语②:attend▸宾语:groupdiscussions【翻译】我在学习上变得更有自信，还经常参加小组讨论。12Ienjoystudyingwithmyfriends.【主干】Ienjoystudyingwithmyfriends〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句。enjoydoingsth.结构。【结构拆解】▸主语:I▸谓语:enjoy(enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事)▸宾语:studyingwithmyfriends(动名词短语作宾语)•动名词:studying•伴随状语:withmyfriends【翻译】我喜欢和朋友们一起学习。13It'samazinghowmuchwehaveachievedtogether.【主干】It'samazing〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】主从复合句。it作形式主语，howmuch引导主语从句（兼感叹意味）。【结构拆解】▸主句:It'samazing•形式主语:It•系动词:'s(is)•表语:amazing▸主语从句:howmuchwehaveachievedtogether(真正主语，置于句末)•连接词:howmuch(引导主语从句，作achieved的宾语，表程度/数量)•主语:we•谓语:haveachieved(现在完成时)•方式状语:together【翻译】我们一起取得了那么多进步，真是了不起。14Mylifehaschangedinmanyways,butonethingstaysthesame:thefeelingofloveandhappinesssharedbymyfamily.【句型】并列句。but连接两分句；冒号后为onething的同位语，含过去分词作定语。【结构拆解】▸分句①:Mylifehaschangedinmanyways•主语:Mylife•谓语:haschanged(现在完成时)•方式状语:inmanyways▸转折连词:but▸分句②:onethingstaysthesame:thefeelingofloveandhappinesssharedbymyfamily•主语:onething•系动词:stays(stay为系动词，表"保持")•表语:thesame•同位语:thefeelingofloveandhappinesssharedbymyfamily(冒号引出，对onething的具体说明)◦中心词:thefeeling◦定语:ofloveandhappiness(of短语作定语)◦定语:sharedbymyfamily(过去分词短语作定语，修饰feeling)【翻译】我的生活在许多方面都变了，但有一样始终未变：那就是家人之间共享的爱与幸福。Unit2InspiringPeople课文句法分析+逐句翻译■主语■谓语/系动词■表语■宾语■状语·■定语■从句■主句■连词/结构词◆SectionA3a:WhoDoYouAdmiretheMost?你最敬佩谁？1Adam:Hi,everyone.Whoisthepersonyouadmirethemost?【句型】含两句。句①为招呼语；句②为含定语从句的特殊疑问句。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Adam▸句①:Hi,everyone.(招呼语)▸句②:Whoisthepersonyouadmirethemost?•主语:Who(疑问代词作主语)•系动词:is•表语:theperson•定语从句:youadmirethemost(修饰person，关系代词whom/that省略)◦主语:you◦谓语:admire◦程度状语:themost(最；admirethemost最敬佩)【翻译】Adam：大家好，你们最敬佩的人是谁？2Yaming:MyfavouritepersonisI.M.Pei.【主干】MyfavouritepersonisI.M.Pei〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】简单句（主系表）。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Yaming▸主语:Myfavouriteperson▸系动词:is▸表语:I.M.Pei(贝聿铭)【翻译】Yaming：我最喜欢的人是贝聿铭。3Adam:DidhedesigntheglasspyramidattheLouvreMuseum?【主干】heDiddesigntheglasspyramid〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】一般疑问句（一般过去时）。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Adam▸谓语:Diddesign(一般过去时的疑问形式)▸主语:he▸宾语:theglasspyramid▸定语:attheLouvreMuseum(介词短语作定语修饰pyramid)【翻译】Adam：卢浮宫的玻璃金字塔是他设计的吗？4Yaming:Yes.Itwasverycreativeofhimtodesignit.TheSuzhouMuseumisalsooneofhisamazingdesigns.HecreatedabeautifulbalancebetweentheEastandtheWest.【句型】含四句。句②为Itbeadj.ofsb.todo结构（形式主语）；句③为oneof+复数；句④为简单句。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Yaming▸句①:Yes.(肯定回答)▸句②:Itwasverycreativeofhimtodesignit.•形式主语:It•系动词:was•表语:verycreative•逻辑主语:ofhim(creative描述him的特点，ofsb.)•真正主语:todesignit(不定式短语作真正主语)▸句③:TheSuzhouMuseumisalsooneofhisamazingdesigns.•主语:TheSuzhouMuseum•系动词:is•表语:oneofhisamazingdesigns(oneof+复数名词，"……之一")▸句④:HecreatedabeautifulbalancebetweentheEastandtheWest.•主语:He•谓语:created•宾语:abeautifulbalance•定语:betweentheEastandtheWest(介词短语作定语修饰balance)【翻译】Yaming：是的。他设计得很有创意。苏州博物馆也是他了不起的设计之一。他在东方与西方之间创造出一种美妙的平衡。5Adam:Wow,youreallyknowalotabouthim!【主干】youreallyknow〔主语+谓语〕【句型】简单句（感叹句）。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Adam▸感叹词:Wow▸主语:you▸谓语:reallyknow(really强调)▸程度状语:alot▸内容状语:abouthim【翻译】Adam：哇，你对他了解得真多！6Yaming:Ireadbooksandreportsabouthim.Iwanttobeacreativepersonlikehim.【句型】含两句。句①为简单句；句②含不定式作宾语。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Yaming▸句①:Ireadbooksandreportsabouthim.•主语:I•谓语:read(此处为过去式/red/)•宾语:booksandreports(and连接并列宾语)•定语:abouthim(介词短语修饰booksandreports)▸句②:Iwanttobeacreativepersonlikehim.•主语:I•谓语:want•宾语:tobeacreativepersonlikehim(不定式短语作宾语)◦不定式:tobe◦表语:acreativeperson◦定语:likehim(like像……一样，修饰person)【翻译】Yaming：我读过许多关于他的书和报道。我想成为像他那样富有创造力的人。7Adam:Whataboutyou,ChenJie?Whoinspiresyou?【句型】含两句。句①为省略疑问句；句②为特殊疑问句（疑问词作主语）。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Adam▸句①:Whataboutyou,ChenJie?(Whatabout…?用于反问对方，"你呢？")▸句②:Whoinspiresyou?•主语:Who(疑问代词作主语)•谓语:inspires•宾语:you【翻译】Adam：那你呢，ChenJie？谁给了你启发？8ChenJie:WangYaping,ofcourse,China'sfirstwomantowalkinspace.Sheisfullofcourageandwisdom.Shewasalsothefirstwomantoteachaliveclassfromspace.Whataboutyou,Adam?Whodoyoulookupto?【句型】含多句。句①为省略答语（含同位语与不定式定语）；句②③为主系表；句④省略疑问；句⑤特殊疑问。【结构拆解】▸说话人:ChenJie▸句①:WangYaping,ofcourse,China'sfirstwomantowalkinspace.(省略答语，完整为MyinspirationisWangYaping)•中心词:WangYaping•同位语:China'sfirstwoman(对WangYaping的进一步说明)•定语:towalkinspace(不定式短语作定语修饰woman)▸句②:Sheisfullofcourageandwisdom.•主语:She•系动词:is•表语:fullofcourageandwisdom(befullof充满)▸句③:Shewasalsothefirstwomantoteachaliveclassfromspace.•主语:She•系动词:wasalso•表语:thefirstwoman•定语:toteachaliveclassfromspace(不定式短语作定语修饰woman（thefirst…todo）)▸句④:Whataboutyou,Adam?(省略疑问，"你呢？")▸句⑤:Whodoyoulookupto?•宾语:Who(疑问代词作lookupto的宾语，置于句首)•主语:you•谓语:lookupto(lookupto敬仰)【翻译】ChenJie：当然是王亚平，中国首位出舱行走的女性。她充满勇气和智慧，还是第一位在太空进行直播授课的女性。你呢，Adam？你敬仰谁？9Adam:Me?Mybiggestinspirationisnotafamousperson.It'smyfather.It'sreallyveryniceofhimtosupportandencouragemyexchangestudyhere.【句型】含多句。句③④为主系表；句④为Itbeadj.ofsb.todo结构（形式主语）。【结构拆解】▸说话人:Adam▸句①:Me?(省略反问，"我吗？")▸句②:Mybiggestinspirationisnotafamousperson.•主语:Mybiggestinspiration•系动词:isnot•表语:afamousperson▸句③:It'smyfather.•主语:It(指mybiggestinspiration)•系动词:'s(is)•表语:myfather▸句④:It'sreallyveryniceofhimtosupportandencouragemyexchangestudyhere.•形式主语:It•系动词:'s(is)•表语:reallyverynice•逻辑主语:ofhim(nice描述him的特点)•真正主语:tosupportandencouragemyexchangestudyhere(不定式短语作真正主语；support与encourage并列)【翻译】Adam：我吗？给我最大启发的不是名人，而是我的父亲。他支持并鼓励我来这里交流学习，真是太好了。◆SectionB1b:TheInspiringSeedScientist鼓舞人心的种子科学家1On25September2017,thescientificworldwasshakenbythenewsthatChineseprofessorZhongYanghaddiedinacaraccident.【主干】thescientificworldwasshaken〔主语+谓语〕【句型】简单句（一般过去时被动语态）。news后接同位语从句。【结构拆解】▸时间状语:On25September2017▸主语:thescientificworld▸谓语:wasshaken(一般过去时被动；shake震动)▸方式状语:bythenews(by引出施动者)▸同位语从句:thatChineseprofessorZhongYanghaddiedinacaraccident(说明news的具体内容（that不充当成分，不可省）)•连词:that•主语:ChineseprofessorZhongYang•谓语:haddied(过去完成时（早于"震动"))•方式状语:inacaraccident【翻译】2017年9月25日，一则消息震动了科学界——中国教授钟扬在一场车祸中不幸离世。2Thewell-respectedbiologisthadspenthiswholeliferesearchingplantsandseeds.【主干】Thewell-respectedbiologisthadspenthiswholelife〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句（过去完成时）。spendtime(in)doing结构。【结构拆解】▸主语:Thewell-respectedbiologist▸谓语:hadspent(过去完成时)▸宾语:hiswholelife▸方式状语:researchingplantsandseeds(spendtime(in)doing花时间做某事)【翻译】这位备受尊敬的生物学家一生都在研究植物和种子。3Overtheyears,hecollectedmanyimportantseedsforChina'sseedbanks.【主干】hecollectedmanyimportantseeds〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句（一般过去时）。【结构拆解】▸时间状语:Overtheyears(多年来)▸主语:he▸谓语:collected▸宾语:manyimportantseeds▸目的状语:forChina'sseedbanks(for表目的/对象)【翻译】多年来，他为中国的种子库收集了许多重要的种子。4Thesespecialbanksprotectallkindsofplantseeds,includingtheonesweneedforfood,andtheymakesurethatimportantplantsdonotdisappearfromtheworldforever.【句型】并列句。分句①含including短语(内含定语从句)；分句②含makesure引导的宾语从句。【结构拆解】▸分句①:Thesespecialbanksprotectallkindsofplantseeds,includingtheonesweneedforfood•主语:Thesespecialbanks•谓语:protect•宾语:allkindsofplantseeds(allkindsof各种各样的)•定语:includingtheonesweneedforfood(现在分词短语作定语，补充说明seeds)◦中心词:theones(ones指代seeds)◦定语从句:weneedforfood(修饰ones，关系代词that省略)▸并列连词:and▸分句②:theymakesurethatimportantplantsdonotdisappearfromtheworldforever•主语:they•谓语:makesure(makesure确保)•宾语从句:thatimportantplantsdonotdisappearfromtheworldforever◦连词:that◦主语:importantplants◦谓语:donotdisappear◦地点状语:fromtheworld◦时间状语:forever【翻译】这些特殊的种子库保护着各种各样的植物种子，包括我们赖以为食的种子，并确保重要的植物不会从世界上永远消失。5ZhongYangwasbornin1964.【主干】ZhongYangwasborn〔主语+谓语〕【句型】简单句（一般过去时被动语态）。【结构拆解】▸主语:ZhongYang▸谓语:wasborn(beborn出生)▸时间状语:in1964【翻译】钟扬出生于1964年。6Whenhewasyoung,heshowedadeeploveandcuriosityforthethingshestudied.【主干】heshowedadeeploveandcuriosity〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句；宾语后接定语从句。【结构拆解】▸时间状语从句:Whenhewasyoung•连词:When•主语:he•系动词:was•表语:young▸主句:heshowedadeeploveandcuriosityforthethingshestudied•主语:he•谓语:showed•宾语:adeeploveandcuriosity(and连接并列宾语)•定语:forthethingshestudied(for短语修饰loveandcuriosity)◦中心词:thethings◦定语从句:hestudied(修饰things，关系代词that省略)【翻译】年轻时，他就对自己所研究的事物表现出深深的热爱与好奇。7Hewasanexcellentstudent,enteringuniversityattheearlyageof15.【主干】Hewasanexcellentstudent〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】简单句。现在分词短语作伴随状语。【结构拆解】▸主语:He▸系动词:was▸表语:anexcellentstudent▸伴随状语:enteringuniversityattheearlyageof15(现在分词短语作状语，说明伴随情况)•非谓语动词:entering•宾语:university•时间状语:attheearlyageof15(年仅15岁)【翻译】他是个优秀的学生，年仅15岁就考上了大学。8There,hestudiedradioengineeringandlaterbecameinterestedinplants.【主干】hestudiedradioengineering〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句，含并列谓语（一为实义动词，一为系表）。【结构拆解】▸地点状语:There(指大学里)▸主语:he▸并列谓语①:studied▸宾语:radioengineering▸并列连词:and▸时间状语:later▸并列谓语②:became(系动词)▸表语:interestedinplants(beinterestedin对……感兴趣)【翻译】在大学里他学的是无线电工程，后来对植物产生了兴趣。9Theresearchandstudyofplants,especiallytheseeds,becamethefocusofhislifeafterhebecameaprofessoratFudanUniversity.【主干】Theresearchandstudybecamethefocusofhislife〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】主从复合句（主系表）。after引导时间状语从句。【结构拆解】▸主语:Theresearchandstudyofplants•中心词:Theresearchandstudy(and连接并列中心词)•定语:ofplants(of短语作定语)•插入语:especiallytheseeds(补充强调，尤其是种子)▸系动词:became▸表语:thefocusofhislife(人生的重心)▸时间状语从句:afterhebecameaprofessoratFudanUniversity•连词:after•主语:he•系动词:became•表语:aprofessor•地点状语:atFudanUniversity【翻译】在成为复旦大学教授后，对植物、尤其是种子的研究，成了他人生的重心。10Itisimportantforseedbankstoincludemanydifferentkindsofseeds.【主干】Itisimportant〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】简单句。It作形式主语，不定式作真正主语（Itbeadj.forsb.todo）。【结构拆解】▸形式主语:It▸系动词:is▸表语:important▸逻辑主语:forseedbanks(forsb.表不定式动作的发出者)▸真正主语:toincludemanydifferentkindsofseeds(不定式短语作真正主语)【翻译】种子库收纳多种多样的种子十分重要。11WhenZhongYangdiscoveredthattherewasnotenoughresearchoftheseedsfromXizang,hewenttheretocollectseedshimself.【主干】hewent〔主语+谓语〕【句型】主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句（内含宾语从句）；主句含目的状语。【结构拆解】▸时间状语从句:WhenZhongYangdiscoveredthattherewasnotenoughresearchoftheseedsfromXizang•连词:When•主语:ZhongYang•谓语:discovered•宾语从句:thattherewasnotenoughresearchoftheseedsfromXizang◦连词:that◦引导词:there(therebe结构)◦谓语:was◦主语:notenoughresearch(therebe真正主语)◦定语:oftheseedsfromXizang(修饰research)▸主句:hewenttheretocollectseedshimself•主语:he•谓语:went•地点状语:there•目的状语:tocollectseeds(不定式表目的)•同位语:himself(反身代词强调he，"亲自")【翻译】当钟扬发现对西藏种子的研究还不够充分时，他便亲自前往那里采集种子。12In2001,hebeganhistravelsacrossXizang.【主干】hebeganhistravels〔主语+谓语+宾语〕【句型】简单句（一般过去时）。【结构拆解】▸时间状语:In2001▸主语:he▸谓语:began▸宾语:histravels▸定语:acrossXizang(介词短语修饰travels)【翻译】2001年，他开始了在西藏各地的考察。13Itwasverydifficultforhimtobravethecoldweatherandgreatheights.【主干】Itwasverydifficult〔主语+系动词+表语〕【句型】简单句。It作形式主语，不定式作真正主语（Itbeadj.forsb.todo）。【结构拆解】▸形式主语:It▸系动词:was▸表语:verydifficult▸逻辑主语:forhim▸真正主语:tobravethecoldweatherandgreatheights(不定式短语作真正主语；brave勇敢面对)•不定式:tobrave•宾语:thecoldweatherandgreatheights