2026年浙江省部编版初中英语第5章阅读理解专项训练

2026年浙江省部编版初中英语第5章阅读理解专项训练一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.InthepassagefromUnit5,whatdoestheunderlinedword"beyond"mainlymeaninthesentence"Theoldtreehasgrownbeyondourexpectations"?A.MorethanB.UndertheinfluenceofC.DifferentfromD.Becauseof解析：本题考查词汇理解。根据上下文，"beyondourexpectations"意为"超出我们的预期"，"beyond"在此处表示程度上的"超出"，故A项正确。B项"在...影响下"与语境不符；C项"与...不同"与句意矛盾；D项"因为"逻辑错误。干扰项设计时，B项利用"undertheinfluenceof"的常见搭配迷惑考生，但需结合语境判断。2.AccordingtothearticleinSectionB,whydidthestudentschoosetoplanttreesintheschoolgarden?A.Becausetheirteacheraskedthemto.B.Toimprovetheenvironmentandlearnteamwork.C.Foracompetitionwithanotherclass.D.Becausetheywantedtosellthetreeslater.解析：本题考查细节理解。文章明确指出学生植树是为了"maketheschoolmorebeautiful"（美化校园）并"learnhowtoworktogether"（学习合作），故B项正确。A项"老师要求"未提及；C项"比赛"与文意不符；D项"卖树"无依据。干扰项设计时，A项利用"asked"的常见用法误导，但需注意文章强调的是学生自发行为。3.WhatisthemainideaofthepassageinReading2?A.Thebenefitsofrecyclingwaste.B.Howtoreduceplasticuseindailylife.C.Thehistoryofenvironmentalprotection.D.Theimportanceofsavingwater.解析：本题考查主旨概括。文章分段论述了塑料污染问题、替代品建议及个人行动，核心是"howtoreduceplasticuse"（减少塑料使用），故B项正确。A项"回收好处"仅是部分内容；C项"环保历史"未涉及；D项"节约用水"与主题无关。干扰项设计时，A项利用"recycling"的常见环保话题迷惑，但需区分主旨。4.InthedialoguebetweenLilyandTom,whatproblemdidtheysolve?A.Theirhomeworkwastoodifficult.B.Theylosttheirschoolbag.C.Theschoolgardenneededmoretrees.D.Theirclassmateswerenotcooperative.解析：本题考查对话理解。对话中Lily提到"gardenneedsmoretrees"（花园需要更多树），Tom提议"plantnewones"（种新的），故C项正确。A项"作业难"未提及；B项"丢书包"与文意无关；D项"同学不合作"是假设情境。干扰项设计时，A项利用"homework"的常见话题误导，但需注意对话核心是植树计划。5.Accordingtothepassage,whydosomepeopleprefertouseclothbagsinsteadofplasticbags?A.Becauseclothbagsarecheaper.B.Toprotecttheenvironmentandsaveresources.C.Becausetheyaremorecomfortabletocarry.D.Becauseclothbagsaremorecolorful.解析：本题考查推理判断。文章指出"clothbagsarebetterfortheenvironment"（布袋更环保）并"helpreducewaste"（减少垃圾），故B项正确。A项"便宜"未对比；C项"舒适"非重点；D项"多彩"与环保无关。干扰项设计时，A项利用"cheap"的常见消费话题迷惑，但需结合环保主题判断。6.WhatdoesthepassageinSectionCmainlydiscuss?A.Thelifeofafamousscientist.B.Theinventionofanewrecyclingmachine.C.Howtoimproverecyclingmethods.D.Thehistoryofwastemanagement.解析：本题考查篇章结构。文章以某发明家为例，展示其设计环保机器的过程，重点在"machine"（机器）及其功能，故B项正确。A项"科学家生平"仅是背景；C项"改进方法"未具体展开；D项"管理历史"与文意无关。干扰项设计时，A项利用"scientist"的常见科普话题误导，但需注意文章核心是技术发明。7.Inthepassage,whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardusingclothbags?A.Critical.B.Indifferent.C.Supportive.D.Uncertain.解析：本题考查作者态度。全文多次强调"clothbagsarebetter"（布袋更好）并呼吁"usethemmore"（多用），故C项正确。A项"批判"与文意相反；B项"冷漠"无依据；D项"不确定"与作者立场矛盾。干扰项设计时，A项利用"critical"的常见学术批评印象误导，但需结合全文积极表述判断。8.WhatisthebesttitleforthepassageinReading1?A.TheImportanceofTrees.B.ADayintheSchoolGarden.C.HowtoPlantTrees.D.TheGrowthofanOldTree.解析：本题考查标题概括。文章围绕"plantingtrees"（种树）展开，包括动机、过程和意义，故C项最贴切。A项"树木重要性"是引申；B项"校园一日"范围过窄；D项"老树生长"仅是部分内容。干扰项设计时，A项利用"importance"的常见环保话题误导，但需注意文章聚焦具体行动。9.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldstudentsdotomaketheschoolgardenbetter?A.Cleanthegardeneveryday.B.Waterthetreesregularly.C.Plantmoretreesandtakecareofthem.D.Invitemorestudentstojoin.解析：本题考查细节理解。文章结尾总结"plantmoretreesandtakecareofthem"（种更多树并照顾好），故C项正确。A项"每天打扫"未提及；B项"定期浇水"是部分行动；D项"邀请更多人"与文意不符。干扰项设计时，A项利用"clean"的常见校园活动误导，但需注意文章强调种植和养护。10.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenclothbagsandplasticbags?A.Clothbagsaremoreexpensive.B.Clothbagsarereusable.C.Plasticbagsareeasiertocarry.D.Clothbagsaremoretraditional.解析：本题考查对比分析。文章明确指出"clothbagscanbeusedmanytimes"（布袋可多次使用）而"plasticbagsareoftenthrownaway"（塑料袋常被丢弃），故B项正确。A项"贵"未对比；C项"易携带"与环保无关；D项"传统"无依据。干扰项设计时，A项利用"expensive"的常见消费认知误导，但需结合环保主题判断。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.ThepassageinSectionAtellsusthattreescanhelpimprovetheairbecausetheycan______airpollution.2.Accordingtothedialogue,Tomsuggestedplantingtreesbecausetheschoolgarden______trees.3.ThestudentsinReading2decidedtouseclothbagsinsteadofplasticbagsto______theenvironment.4.Inthepassageabouttherecyclingmachine,theinventor______thatitcouldhelpreducewasteby80%.5.Theunderlinedword"regularly"in"Theywaterthetreesregularly"means______.6.ThepassageinSectionBdescribeshowthestudents______toplanttreesinthegarden.7.Accordingtothearticle,clothbagsarebetterfortheenvironmentbecausethey______thanplasticbags.8.TheauthorofReading1believesthatplantingtreesisagoodwayto______ourschool.9.Inthepassage,thestudentslearnedthatteamworkisimportantwhenthey______toplanttrees.10.ThepassageinSectionCshowsthattherecyclingmachinewas______byascientist.解析：11."absorb"（吸收）解析：根据文章"treesabsorbharmfulgases"（树木吸收有害气体）填写。12."needs"（需要）解析：根据对话"Lilysaidthegardenneedsmoretrees"填写。13."protect"（保护）解析：根据文章"helpprotecttheEarth"（保护地球）填写。14."found"（发现/发明）解析：根据文章"thescientistfoundthat..."（科学家发现...）填写。15."often"（经常）解析：根据上下文"takecareofthemoften"（经常照顾）填写。16."workedtogether"（合作）解析：根据文章"theyworkedtogether"（他们合作）填写。17."lastlonger"（更持久）解析：根据文章"clothbagslastlonger"（布袋更持久）填写。18."make"（使...变得）解析：根据文章"makeourschoolmorebeautiful"（使校园更美丽）填写。19."workedtogether"（合作）解析：根据文章"theylearnedteamwork"（他们学到了合作）填写。20."invented"（发明）解析：根据文章"wasinventedbyascientist"（由科学家发明）填写。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.ThepassageinSectionAmainlytalksaboutthehistoryoftreesinChina.×解析：文章重点介绍树木的环保作用，而非历史。2.Accordingtothedialogue,Lilydidnotwanttoplanttreesbecauseitwastoodifficult.×解析：Lily表示同意种植，未提及难度问题。3.ThestudentsinReading2usedclothbagsbecausetheywerecheaperthanplasticbags.×解析：文章强调环保，未对比价格。4.TherecyclingmachineinSectionCwasinventedbyagroupofstudents.×解析：文章明确指出是"onescientist"（一位科学家）发明。5.Theunderlinedword"beyond"inthefirstquestionmeans"morethan"inthepassage.√解析：符合上下文"beyondourexpectations"（超出预期）的语义。6.ThepassageinSectionBtellsusthatthestudentsplantedtreesalone.×解析：文章强调"workedtogether"（合作种植）。7.Clothbagsarebetterfortheenvironmentbecausetheycanbethrownawayeasily.×解析：文章指出布袋可重复使用，而非易丢弃。8.TheauthorofReading1believesthatplantingtreesisawasteoftime.×解析：作者积极评价种植行动，未表示否定。9.ThestudentsinReading2learnedhowtoplanttreesfromthepassage.×解析：文章仅描述行动，未提供种植方法。10.TherecyclingmachineinSectionCwasveryexpensivetomake.×解析：文章未提及成本问题。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.WhydidthestudentsinSectionBchoosetoplanttreesintheschoolgarden?参考答案：Thestudentschosetoplanttreesbecausetheywantedtomaketheschoolmorebeautifulandlearnhowtoworktogether.Thegardenneededmoretrees,sotheydecidedtohelpimprovetheenvironment.解析：答案包含三个要点：美化校园、学习合作、花园需求，对应文章核心动机。2.Whatarethebenefitsofusingclothbagsinsteadofplasticbags?参考答案：Clothbagsarebetterfortheenvironmentbecausetheycanbeusedmanytimesandhelpreducewaste.Theylastlongerthanplasticbags,sopeopledonotneedtothrowthemawayoften.解析：答案涵盖环保性（可重复使用）、减少垃圾、持久性三个维度，对应文章重点。3.HowdidthestudentsinReading2worktogethertoplanttrees?参考答案：Thestudentsworkedtogetherbydividingtasks.Somedugholes,othersplantedtrees,andsomewateredthem.Theyhelpedeachotherandfinishedtheworksuccessfully.解析：答案描述分工合作（挖坑、种树、浇水）和互助精神，对应文章细节。4.WhatdoesthepassageinSectionCmainlytellusabouttherecyclingmachine?参考答案：Thepassagemainlytellsusthatascientistinventedanewrecyclingmachine.Itcanhelpreducewasteby80%andisveryeffectiveinprotectingtheenvironment.解析：答案包含发明者（科学家）、功能（减少垃圾）、效果（环保）三个要素，对应文章主旨。5.Whyisteamworkimportantwhenplantingtrees?参考答案：Teamworkisimportantbecauseplantingtreesisabigjob.Ifstudentsworktogether,theycanfinishitfasterandbetter.Also,theycanlearnhowtocommunicateandcooperatewitheachother.解析：答案从效率、学习两个角度解释合作意义，符合文章隐含逻辑。6.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageinReading1?参考答案：Wecanlearnthattreesareveryimportantforourenvironment.Theyhelpimproveairquality,provideshade,andmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.Everyoneshouldcareabouttrees.解析：答案概括树木的环保作用（改善空气、遮阳、美化），符合文章主旨。7.Howcanstudentsreduceplasticuseindailylife?参考答案：Studentscanreduceplasticusebyusingclothbagsinsteadofplasticbags,bringingtheirownwaterbottles,andavoidingdisposableplasticcontainers.Theycanalsorecycleplasticwasteproperly.解析：答案提供具体行动（布袋、水瓶、回收），符合文章环保建议。8.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingReading2?参考答案：Theauthor'spurposeistotellushowtoprotecttheenvironmentbyreducingplasticuse.Hewantstoencouragestudentstotakeactionandmakeadifferenceintheirdailylives.解析：答案说明写作目的（环保建议）和目标读者（学生），符合文章隐含意图。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.SupposeyouareastudentinClass3.Writeashortpassage(about60words)todescribehowyourclassplantedtreesintheschoolgardenlastweekend.参考答案：Lastweekend,ourclassplantedtreesintheschoolgarden.Weworkedtogethertodigholes,plantsaplings,andwaterthem.Everyonewasbusybuthappy.Thegardenlooksmuchgreenernow.Welearnedteamworkandtheimportanceoftrees.解析：答案包含时间（周末）、地点（花园）、行动（挖坑、种树、浇水）、感受（快乐）、收获（合作、树木重要性），符合应用场景。2.Imagineyouareareporter.Writeaquestionforthestudentswhoplantedtreeslastweekend.参考答案：Whatwasthemostdifficultpartofplantingtrees,andhowdidyouovercomeit?解析：问题聚焦挑战与解决方法，适合采访场景。3.Writeashortparagraph(about80words)topersuadeyourclassmatestouseclothbagsinsteadofplasticbags.参考答案：Usingclothbagsisbetterfortheenvironment.Theycanbeusedmanytimesandhelpreducewaste.Plasticbagstakehundredsofyearstodecomposeandpolluteourearth.Let'suseclothbagstoprotectnatureandmakeourworldcleaner.解析：答案强调环保性（可重复、减垃圾）、危害性（塑料污染），呼吁行动，符合说服文体。4.SupposeyouareTominthedialogue.Writeashortemail(about100words)toLilytothankherforhelpingwiththetreeplanting.参考答案：DearLily,Thankyousomuchforhelpingwiththetreeplantinglastweekend.Yourideawasgreat,andwefinishedthejobquickly.Youworkedveryhardandwereveryhelpful.Ilearnedalotaboutteamwork.Let'sdomorethingstogetherinthefuture.Bestwishes,Tom解析：答案包含感谢（帮助、建议）、评价（努力、帮助）、收获（合作）、展望（未来合作），符合邮件格式。5.Writeashortpassage(about70words)todescribethebenefitsoftherecyclingmachinementionedinSectionC.参考答案：Therecyclingmachineisveryuseful.Itcanturnw