2026年福建省部编版初中英语九年级下册第12单元写作专项练习

2026年福建省部编版初中英语九年级下册第12单元写作专项练习一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?A.Toadvertisenewenvironmentalproducts.B.Todescribethebeautyofnature.C.Topersuadepeopletotakeactionagainstpollution.D.Tointroducefamousenvironmentalscientists.（解析：本题考查单元主题知识。第12单元主要围绕环境保护展开，课文通过描述环境污染问题，呼吁人们采取行动。选项A与单元主题无关；选项B是部分内容，但非主旨；选项C准确概括了课文主旨；选项D偏离主题。正确答案为C。）2.Inthepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment",theauthorusestheexampleofplasticwastetoillustrateA.theimportanceofrecycling.B.theharmofindustrialdevelopment.C.theroleofgovernmentpolicies.D.thelifestyleofcoastalcommunities.（解析：根据课文内容，塑料垃圾是环境污染的典型例子，作者通过此例强调减少塑料使用和加强回收的重要性。选项A是作者隐含的观点，但非直接目的；选项B、C、D与该例无关。正确答案为A。）3.Accordingtotheunitgrammarsection,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.Manypeopleweresavedbythefirefightersyesterday.B.Thefirefighterssavedmanypeopleyesterday.C.Manypeoplesavedthefirefightersyesterday.D.Thefirefightersweresavedbymanypeopleyesterday.（解析：被动语态结构为"be+过去分词"，选项A符合规则；选项B为主动语态；选项C主语错误；选项D时态矛盾。正确答案为A。）4.Theunitvocabularylistincludestheword"sustainable".Whatdoesitmeaninthecontextofenvironmentalprotection?A.Short-termandprofitable.B.Long-lastingandeco-friendly.C.Difficulttomaintain.D.High-techandexpensive.（解析：根据单元课文，sustainable意为"可持续的"，强调对环境无害的长期发展方式。选项B准确解释了其在环保语境中的含义；其他选项与词义无关。正确答案为B。）5.Inthewritingtask,ifyouchoosetowriteabout"MyPlantoSaveEnergy",whichsentenceismostsuitableasanopening?A.Energyisveryimportantforourlife.B.Ialwaysforgettoturnoffthelights.C.Savingenergyisabigchallengetoday.D.MynameisLiHua,andIamastudent.（解析：选项C以问题引入，引发读者兴趣，符合议论文写作规范；选项A过于笼统；选项B仅陈述个人问题；选项D为自我介绍，与主题无关。正确答案为C。）6.Theunitsuggestsusingthestructure"First,Second,Finally"toorganizeaparagraph.Whichparagraphdoesthisapplyto?A.Adescriptionofacity.B.Acomparisonoftwocountries.C.Astep-by-stepprocess.D.Apersonalopinion.（解析：该结构最适合描述按顺序进行的动作或过程，如实验步骤、活动安排等。选项C最符合要求；其他选项更适合其他组织方式。正确答案为C。）7.Whenwritingaboutenvironmentalproblems,whichsentenceusesastrongpersuasivetechnique?A.Pollutionisbadforhealth.B.Weshouldreduceplasticuse.C.Ifwedon'tactnow,theEarthwillsuffer.D.Manyriversarepolluted.（解析：选项C通过警告后果增强说服力，属于情感诉求策略；选项A、B、D仅陈述事实。正确答案为C。）8.Theunitemphasizestheuseoftransitionwordslike"however"and"therefore".Whichsentenceshowscorrectusage?A.Theairisdirty;however,peoplestillthrowtrash.B.Treesareimportant;therefore,weshouldplantmore.C.Itrained;but,thepicnicwasstillfun.D.Recyclingiseasy;so,everyoneshoulddoit.（解析：选项B使用"therefore"表示因果逻辑，符合语法规则；其他选项连接词使用不当。正确答案为B。）9.Inthewritingtask,ifyoumention"reducingcarbonemissions",whichsupportingdetailismosteffective?A.Carbonemissionsareinvisible.B.Carsproducealotofcarbonemissions.C.Carbonemissionsarelegalinmostcountries.D.Carbonemissionsarenotharmful.（解析：选项B提供具体事例，增强论证可信度；其他选项缺乏说服力。正确答案为B。）10.Theunitincludesawritingrubricwithcriterialike"grammaraccuracy".Whichsentenceshowsgoodgrammar?A.Peoplemustprotectanimalsnow.B.Thegovernmentshouldmakemorelawsaboutpollution.C.Wecansavewaterveryeasy.D.Allstudentsmustrecyclepaper.（解析：选项B语法正确，主谓一致且时态恰当；其他选项存在语法错误（选项C冠词缺失；选项D主谓不一致；选项A时态错误）。正确答案为B。）二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"mentionsthat_______isoneofthebiggestenvironmentalproblems.（参考答案：airpollution；解析：根据课文内容，空气污染是三大主要环境问题之一，填空需准确填写专有名词。）2.Towriteagoodparagraphabout"MyPlantoSaveEnergy",youshouldstartwitha_______sentence.（参考答案：topic;解析：根据写作指导，段落首句应为主题句，填空需填写名词形式。）3.Theunitsuggestsusingthephrase"Inmyopinion"toexpressa_______.（参考答案：personalopinion;解析：该短语用于引出个人观点，填空需填写名词短语。）4.Whendescribingaproblemlikeplasticwaste,itisimportanttouse_______tomakeyourwritingmoreconvincing.（参考答案：specificexamples;解析：课文强调具体案例的论证作用，填空需填写名词短语。）5.Thepassivevoiceisusefulwhenthe_______oftheactionismoreimportantthantheactor.（参考答案：receiver;解析：语法讲解中强调被动语态突出动作承受者，填空需填写名词。）6.Toorganizeyourideaslogically,youcanusewordslike"first"and"finally"toshow_______.（参考答案：sequence;解析：写作指导中提到序数词表示顺序，填空需填写名词。）7.Theword"sustainable"meanssomethingthatcanbeusedwithout_______it.（参考答案：hurting/damaging;解析：单元词汇解释中强调可持续性即不破坏环境，填空需填写动词形式。）8.Agoodpersuasiveessayshouldhaveaclear_______andastrongconclusion.（参考答案：mainidea;解析：写作技巧中强调议论文需明确中心论点，填空需填写名词。）9.Theunitrubricmentionsthat"vocabularyrange"isanimportantcriterionforscoring.Thismeansusing_______words.（参考答案：differentkindsof;解析：评分标准中要求词汇多样性，填空需填写形容词短语。）10.Whenyouwriteabout"MyPlantoSaveEnergy",youshouldincludeatleast_______suggestions.（参考答案：three;解析：写作任务要求提供具体建议，填空需填写数字。）三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"onlytalksaboutproblems,notsolutions.（参考答案：False；解析：课文不仅描述污染问题，还提出减少塑料使用等解决方案，判断错误。）2.Whenwritingaparagraph,itisokaytousethesametransitionwordmorethanonce.（参考答案：True；解析：写作指导中允许重复使用连接词，只要不显得单调，判断正确。）3.Theword"sustainable"isaverbintheunitvocabularylist.（参考答案：False；解析：该词在单元中作为形容词使用，判断错误。）4.Agoodpersuasiveessayshouldstartwithaquestiontoengagethereader.（参考答案：True；解析：单元写作技巧中建议用问题开头，判断正确。）5.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.（参考答案：False；解析：语法讲解中说明两者形式不同，但非绝对正式性，判断错误。）6.Whendescribingaproblem,itisbettertousegeneralstatementsthanspecificexamples.（参考答案：False；解析：课文强调具体案例的必要性，判断错误。）7.Theunitrubricdoesnotconsiderthelengthoftheessaywhenscoring.（参考答案：False；解析：评分标准中包含字数要求，判断错误。）8.Thephrase"Inmyopinion"isusefulforgivingreasons.（参考答案：False；解析：该短语仅引出观点，不直接论证，判断错误。）9.Theunitsuggestsusing"First,Second,Finally"foralltypesofparagraphs.（参考答案：False；解析：该结构仅适用于步骤说明，其他段落需其他组织方式，判断错误。）10.Theword"therefore"isaconjunctionthatshowscontrast.（参考答案：False；解析："therefore"表示因果，"however"表示对比，判断错误。）四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtothepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment",whatarethethreemainenvironmentalproblemsdiscussed?（参考答案：Thethreeproblemsareairpollution,waterpollution,andplasticwaste.ThepassagedescribeshowtheseissuesharmtheEarthandsuggestswaystoreducethem.）（解析：需准确列出课文提及的三类问题，并简述其危害或解决方案。）2.Whyisthepassivevoiceusefulwhenwritingaboutenvironmentalprotection?（参考答案：Thepassivevoicefocusesontheeffectsofpollutionratherthanwhocausesthem.Forexample,"Riversarepolluted"highlightstheproblemwithoutnamingthepolluter.Thismakesthewritingmoreobjectiveandpersuasive.）（解析：需说明被动语态如何通过转移焦点增强客观性或说服力，并举例说明。）3.Howcanyoustartaparagraphabout"MyPlantoSaveEnergy"toattractreaders?（参考答案：Youcanstartwithasurprisingfactoraquestion.Forexample,"Didyouknowthatturningofflightscansavealotofenergy?"Thisengagesthereaderandintroducesyourtopicnaturally.）（解析：需提供具体开头方式，并说明其吸引读者效果。）4.Whatisthedifferencebetween"however"and"therefore"intermsofmeaning?（参考答案："However"showscontrast,like"Manypeoplerecycle,however,noteveryonedoes.""Therefore"showscauseandeffect,like"Plasticwasteisharmful,therefore,weshouldreduceit."）（解析：需准确解释两个连接词的逻辑关系，并各举一例。）5.Whyisitimportanttousespecificexampleswhenwritingaboutenvironmentalproblems?（参考答案：Specificexamplesmakeyourwritingmorebelievable.Insteadofsaying"Pollutionisbad,"youcansay"Therivernearmyhomeisdirtybecauseoffactorywaste."Thisprovidesevidenceandhelpsreadersunderstandtheproblembetter.）（解析：需说明具体案例如何增强可信度和说服力。）6.Howcanyoucheckifyouressaymeetstheunitrubriccriteria?（参考答案：Youcancheckforgrammaraccuracy,vocabularyrange,clearorganization,andastrongconclusion.Also,ensureyouaddressallpartsofthewritingtaskandprovideenoughdetails.）（解析：需列出评分标准的关键点，并说明如何对照检查。）7.Whatdoes"sustainable"meaninthecontextofenvironmentalprotection?（参考答案：Sustainablemeansusingresourcesinawaythatdoesnotharmtheenvironmentandcancontinueforalongtime.Forexample,usingsolarenergyissustainablebecauseitdoesnotproducepollution.）（解析：需解释可持续发展的核心概念，并举例说明。）8.Howcanyouorganizeyourideaswhenwritingabout"MyPlantoSaveEnergy"?（参考答案：Youcanusethestructure"First,Second,Finally"tolistyoursuggestions.Forexample:First,Iwillturnofflightswhenleavingaroom.Second,Iwillusepublictransportation.Finally,Iwillplanttreesathome.）（解析：需提供具体组织结构，并举例说明如何应用。）五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Writeatopicsentenceforaparagraphabout"MyPlantoSaveEnergy".（参考答案：Tosaveenergy,Iwilltakethreepracticalstepsathomeandschool.）（解析：需包含主题词"saveenergy"和"threesteps"，结构完整且清晰。）2.Completethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Manytreeswerecutdown_______lastyear."（参考答案：Manytreeswerecutdowninourcitylastyear.）（解析：需填写地点状语，符合被动语态结构。）3.Writeatransitionwordtoshowcontrastbetweentwoideas:"Somepeoplebelievethatrecyclingiseasy._______,manystillforgettoseparatewaste."（参考答案：However,）（解析：需填写表示对比的连接词，符合语境。）4.Provideonespecificexampletosupporttheidea:"Plasticwasteisharmfultomarineanimals."（参考答案：Forexample,seaturtlesoftenmistakeplasticbagsforfoodanddiefromstarvation.）（解析：需给出具体案例，说明塑料污染对海洋生物的危害。）5.Writeasentenceusingastrongpersuasivetechniquetoencouragepeopletosavewater.（参考答案：Ifwedon'tsavewaternow,futuregenerationswillfaceaseriousshortage.）（解析：需使用情感或逻辑诉求，增强说服力。）6.Organizethefollowingideasintoalogicalorderusing"First,""Second,"and"Finally":-Turnoffthecomputerwhennotinuse.-Useareusablewaterbottle.-Walktoschoolinsteadofdriving.（参考答案：First,Iwillwalktoschoolinsteadofdriving.Second,Iwilluseareusablewaterbottle.Finally,Iwillturnoffthecomputerwhennotinuse.）（解析：需按行动顺序排列，并使用序数词连接。）7.Writeasentencewithasubject-verbagreementerrorandcorrectit:（参考答案：Error:Manypeopleisrecycling.Correction:Manypeoplearerecycling.）（解析：需找出错误并改正，涉及主谓一致规则。）8.Createashortparagraph(5sentences)about"ProtectingtheEnvironment"usingatleastthreedifferenttransitionwords.（参考答案：Protectingtheenvironmentisimportant.Therefore,weshouldreduceplasticuse.However,manypeoplestillthrowtrash.Inaddition,recyclingcanhelp.So,everyonemusttakeaction.）（解析：需包含三个不同连接词，结构完整且逻辑清晰。）【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.A3.A4.B5.C6.C7.C8.B9.B10.B二、填空题1.airpollution2.topic3.personalopinion4.specificexamples5.receiver6.sequence7.hurting/damaging8.mainidea9.differentkindsof10.three三、判断题1.F2.T3.F4