2026年陕西省北师大版高二英语下册第5单元语法知识点巩固习题

2026年陕西省北师大版高二英语下册第5单元语法知识点巩固习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewgrammarruleinUnit5focusesonthecorrectusageoftheperfectcontinuoustense,whichisoftenconfusedwiththesimplepresentperfecttense.Whichsentencecorrectlydemonstratestheperfectcontinuoustenseaccordingtothetextbook?A.ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears.B.Hehaseatenbreakfast.C.Theyhavegonetothelibrary.D.Theyhavebeenplayingthepianosincemorning.（解析：选项A和B使用的是现在完成时，选项C使用的是现在完成时，而选项D使用的是现在完成进行时，强调动作从过去持续到现在，符合现在完成进行时的用法。）2.InthegrammarsectionofUnit5,thetextbookexplainsthatthepassivevoiceiscommonlyusedinformalwriting.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.Thestudentsarewritinganessay.B.Anessayisbeingwrittenbythestudents.C.Theessaywaswrittenbythestudents.D.Thestudentswroteanessayyesterday.（解析：选项B是被动语态的正确用法，主语是动作的承受者，而选项A、C、D都是主动语态。）3.Unit5introducestheconceptofrelativeclauses,whichareusedtoprovideadditionalinformationaboutanoun.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesarelativeclause?A.ThebookthatIreadisveryinteresting.B.Ireadthebookveryinteresting.C.Thebookisveryinteresting.D.Thebook,whichisveryinteresting,isonthetable.（解析：选项A和D都正确使用了关系从句，选项A使用的是定语从句修饰“book”，选项D使用的是非限制性定语从句，用逗号隔开。）4.ThegrammarinUnit5emphasizestheuseofmodalverbstoexpresspossibilityornecessity.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesamodalverb?A.Shecanplaythepiano.B.Sheplaysthepiano.C.Shewillplaythepiano.D.Shemayplaythepiano.（解析：选项A、C、D都使用了情态动词，但选项B是简单现在时，不符合题意。）5.InthegrammarexercisesofUnit5,studentsareaskedtodifferentiatebetweenthepresentperfectandthepastsimpletenses.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttense?A.Hewenttothestoreyesterday.B.Shehasfinishedherhomework.C.Theywereplayingsoccerlastnight.D.Therainfelllastweek.（解析：选项B使用的是现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，而选项A、C、D都是过去时态。）6.Unit5alsocoverstheuseofgerundsandinfinitivesinsentences.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesagerund?A.Readingbooksisherfavoritehobby.B.Shelikestoreadbooks.C.Sheisreadingabook.D.Shewillreadabook.（解析：选项A使用的是动名词“reading”作为主语，而选项B、C、D使用的是不定式“toread”或简单现在时。）7.ThetextbookinUnit5explainsthatconditionalsentencesareusedtoexpresshypotheticalsituations.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesasecondconditional?A.IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldstudyharder.B.IfIstudyharder,Iwillpasstheexam.C.IwouldpasstheexamifIstudiedharder.D.Istudiedharder,soIpassedtheexam.（解析：选项A是第二条件句的正确用法，表示与现在事实相反的假设。）8.Unit5introducestheuseofreportedspeech,whichinvolveschangingtheoriginaldirectspeechintoindirectspeech.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesreportedspeech?A.Hesaid,"Iamgoingtothestore."B.Shesaidthatshewasgoingtothestore.C.Theysaid,"Wewillgotothelibrary."D.Hesaidthathewillgotothestore.（解析：选项B是间接引语的正确用法，将直接引语的“amgoingto”改为“wasgoingto”，并去掉了引号。）9.ThegrammarinUnit5alsocoverstheuseofarticles(a,an,the).Whichsentencecorrectlyusesarticles?A.Iboughtabookyesterday.B.Sheisreadinganinterestingbook.C.Thebookisonthetable.D.Alloftheabove.（解析：选项A、B、C都正确使用了冠词，选项D是正确答案。）10.InthegrammarreviewofUnit5,studentsareaskedtoidentifythecorrectuseofprepositions.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesapreposition?A.Shewenttothestoreinhercar.B.HeisinterestedinlearningEnglish.C.Thebookisonthetable.D.Alloftheabove.（解析：选项A、B、C都正确使用了介词，选项D是正确答案。）二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastand_______untilnow.（参考答案：hasbeencontinuing）（解析：现在完成进行时用于描述从过去开始并持续到现在的动作，填“hasbeencontinuing”符合语法规则。）2.Informalwriting,thepassivevoiceisoftenusedto_______thefocusontheactionratherthantheperformer.（参考答案：shift）（解析：被动语态常用于正式写作中，将重点放在动作而非执行者，填“shift”符合语境。）3.Arelativeclauseisatypeofclausethat_______additionalinformationaboutanouninthesentence.（参考答案：provides）（解析：关系从句用于提供句子中名词的额外信息，填“provides”符合语法功能。）4.Modalverbslike"can,""may,"and"must"areusedtoexpress_______ornecessityinsentences.（参考答案：possibility）（解析：情态动词用于表达可能性或必要性，填“possibility”符合语法功能。）5.Thepresentperfecttenseisformedbyusingtheauxiliaryverb"have"followedbythe_______formofthemainverb.（参考答案：pastparticiple）（解析：现在完成时由助动词“have”加动词的过去分词构成，填“pastparticiple”符合语法规则。）6.Gerundsareverbformsthatendin"-ing"andcanfunctionas_______inasentence.（参考答案：nouns）（解析：动名词是动词的-ing形式，可在句子中作名词使用，填“nouns”符合语法功能。）7.Conditionalsentencesareusedtodescribe_______situationsthatarenotrealorunlikely.（参考答案：hypothetical）（解析：条件句用于描述假设情况，填“hypothetical”符合语境。）8.Reportedspeechistheprocessofchanging_______speechintoindirectspeech.（参考答案：direct）（解析：间接引语是将直接引语转换为间接引语，填“direct”符合语法规则。）9.Articles(a,an,the)areusedtoindicatewhetheranounis_______orspecific.（参考答案：general）（解析：冠词用于区分名词的泛指或特指，填“general”符合语境。）10.Prepositionsarewordsthatshowtherelationshipbetweenanounorpronounandotherwordsinasentence,suchas_______ortime.（参考答案：place）（解析：介词用于表示名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系，如地点或时间，填“place”符合语境。）三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theperfectcontinuoustenseisalwaysusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent.（参考答案：False）（解析：现在完成进行时用于描述从过去开始并持续到现在的动作，但并非所有从过去持续到现在的动作都必须使用现在完成进行时，有时简单现在完成时也可以。）2.Thepassivevoiceisneverusedininformalwritingbecauseitsoundstooformal.（参考答案：False）（解析：被动语态在正式写作中常用，但在某些情况下也可以用于非正式写作，关键在于语境和表达需求。）3.Arelativeclausecanmodifyanounorapronouninasentence.（参考答案：True）（解析：关系从句可以修饰句子中的名词或代词，这是关系从句的基本功能。）4.Modalverbscanonlyexpressabilityorpermissioninsentences.（参考答案：False）（解析：情态动词可以表达多种意义，如可能性、必要性、建议等，而不仅仅是能力或许可。）5.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast.（参考答案：False）（解析：现在完成时用于描述从过去开始并持续到现在的动作，或过去动作对现在的影响，而非特定过去的动作。）6.Gerundscanneverbethesubjectofasentence.（参考答案：False）（解析：动名词可以在句子中作主语，如“Readingismyhobby.”）7.Conditionalsentencescanonlybeusedtodescribefutureevents.（参考答案：False）（解析：条件句可以描述过去、现在或未来的假设情况，而不仅仅是未来事件。）8.Reportedspeechalwayschangesthepronounsinasentence.（参考答案：False）（解析：间接引语有时会改变人称代词和物主代词，但并非总是如此，如“Hesaid,'Iamtired.'became'Hesaidthathewastired.'"）9.Articlesareonlyusedwithcountablenouns.（参考答案：False）（解析：冠词不仅用于可数名词，也用于不可数名词，如“abook”和“anapple”以及“thewater”和“theair”。）10.Prepositionsarealwaysfollowedbyanounorpronoun.（参考答案：False）（解析：介词后面不一定总是跟名词或代词，有时可以跟动词不定式或分词，如“lookforwardtodoingsomething”和“beinterestedinlearningEnglish”。）四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthesimplepasttense.（参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresentorhaveaconnectiontothepresent.Forexample,"Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears."Thesimplepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepastandarecompleted.Forexample,"Shelivedherefiveyearsago."Thekeydifferenceisthatthepresentperfectemphasizestheconnectiontothepresent,whilethesimplepastdoesnot.）（解析：现在完成时用于描述从过去开始并持续到现在的动作，或过去动作对现在的影响；简单过去时用于描述特定过去的动作。两者主要区别在于与现在的联系。）2.DescribethestructureofarelativeclauseinEnglish.（参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanouninthesentence.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronoun(who,whom,whose,which,that)orarelativeadverb(when,where,why).Forexample,"ThebookthatIreadisveryinteresting."Here,"thatIread"istherelativeclausemodifying"thebook."）（解析：关系从句用于提供名词的额外信息，通常以关系代词或关系副词开头，如“who,whom,whose,which,that,when,where,why”。）3.Whataremodalverbs,andhowaretheyusedinsentences?（参考答案：Modalverbsareauxiliaryverbsthatexpresspossibility,necessity,ability,permission,oradvice.Theyarefollowedbythebaseformofthemainverb.Forexample,"Shecanplaythepiano,""Hemaybelate,""Theymustgonow,""Youshouldstudyharder."）（解析：情态动词是助动词，用于表达可能性、必要性、能力、许可或建议，后接动词原形。）4.Explaintheuseofarticles(a,an,the)inEnglish.（参考答案：Articlesareusedtoindicatewhetheranounisgeneralorspecific."A"and"an"areusedwithcountablenounsthataregeneral,while"the"isusedwithspecificnounsorwhenreferringtosomethingunique.Forexample,"abook,""anapple,""thesun."）（解析：冠词用于区分名词的泛指或特指，“a”和“an”用于泛指的可数名词，“the”用于特指的名词或独一无二的事物。）5.Whatisthepassivevoice,andwhenisitused?（参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisagrammaticalstructurewherethefocusisontheactionratherthantheperformer.Itisformedbyusingtheauxiliaryverb"be"followedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn."Itisusedinformalwritingorwhentheperformeroftheactionisunknownorunimportant.）（解析：被动语态是将重点放在动作而非执行者，由助动词“be”加动词过去分词构成，用于正式写作或执行者不重要的情况。）6.Describetheuseofgerundsandinfinitivesinsentences.（参考答案：Gerundsareverbformsendingin"-ing"thatcanfunctionasnounsinasentence.Forexample,"Readingismyhobby."Infinitivesareverbformsthatfollowmodalverbsorexpresspurpose.Forexample,"Shewantstoreadabook."）（解析：动名词是动词的-ing形式，可在句子中作名词使用；不定式后接情态动词或表示目的，如“toread”。）7.Whatisaconditionalsentence,andhowmanytypesarethere?（参考答案：Aconditionalsentenceisusedtodescribehypotheticalsituationsthatarenotrealorunlikely.Therearethreetypes:firstconditional(realfuturesituations),secondconditional(hypotheticalpresentorfuturesituations),andthirdconditional(hypotheticalpastsituations).Forexample,"Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic."）（解析：条件句用于描述假设情况，分为三种：第一条件句（真实未来情况）、第二条件句（假设现在或未来情况）、第三条件句（假设过去情况）。）8.Explaintheprocessofchangingdirectspeechintoreportedspeech.（参考答案：Tochangedirectspeechintoreportedspeech,youneedtochangethepronouns,thetenseoftheverb,andsometimesthewordorder.Forexample,"Hesaid,'Iamtired.'"becomes"Hesaidthathewastired."Thepronoun"I"changesto"he,"andthepresentcontinuoustense"amtired"changestothepastcontinuoustense"wastired."）（解析：将直接引语转换为间接引语时，需要改变人称代词、动词时态，有时需要调整语序，如“hesaid,'Iamtired’”变为“hesaidthathewastired”。）五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Theteachergaveusahomeworkassignment."（参考答案：Ahomeworkassignmentwasgiventousbytheteacher。）（解析：将主动语态“teachergave”改为被动语态“wasgiven”，并调整语序。）2.Changethefollowingdirectspeechintoreportedspeech:"Shesaid,'Iwillgotothestoretomorrow.'"（参考答案：Shesaidthatshewouldgotothestorethenextday。）（解析：将直接引语的“willgo”改为间接引语的“wouldgo”，并调整时间状语。）3.Completethefollowingsentenceusingagerund:"Readingbooks_______myfavoritehobby."（参考答案：Readingbooksismyfavoritehobby。）（解析：动名词“reading”作主语，填“is”符合语法规则。）4.Useamodalverbtoexpresspossibilityinthefollowingsentence:"Itisverydifficulttopasstheexam."（参考答案：Itmaybeverydifficulttopasstheexam。）（解析：使用情态动词“may”表达可能性。）5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepresentperfecttense:"HestartedstudyingEnglishlastyear."（参考答案：HehasbeenstudyingEnglishforayear。）（解析：将简单过去时“startedstudying”改为现在完成进行时“hasbeenstudying”。）6.Changethefollowingsentenceintothesecondconditional:"IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldreadmorebooks."（参考答案：IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldreadmorebooks。）（解析：第二条件句结构为“if+pasttense,would+baseform”，原句已经是正确结构。）7.Completethefollowingsentenceusingthecorrectarticle:"_______bookonthetableismine."（参考答案：Thebookonthetableismine。）（解析：特指的名词前使用定冠词“the”。）8.Useaprepositiontocompletethefollowingsentence:"Sheisinterestedin_______English."（参考答案：SheisinterestedinlearningEnglish。）（解析：介词“in”用于表示兴趣，填“learning”符合语境。）【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D2.B3.A,D4.A,C,D5.B6.A7.A8.B9.D10.D二、填空题1.hasbeencontinuing2.shift3.provides4.possibility5.pastparticiple6.nouns7.hypothetical8.direct9.general10.place三、判断题1.False2.False3.True4.False5.False6.False7.False8.False9.False10.False四、简答题1.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresentorhaveaconnectiontothepresent.Forexample,"Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears."Thesimplepasttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepastandarecompleted.Forexample,"Shelivedherefiveyearsago."Thekeydifferenceisthatthepresentperfectemphasizestheconnectiontothepresent,whilethesimplepastdoesnot.2.Arelativeclauseisatypeofclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanouninthesentence.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronoun(who,whom,whose,which,that)orarelativeadverb(when,where,why).Forexample,"ThebookthatIreadisveryinteresting."Here,"thatIread"istherelativeclausemodifying"thebook."3.Modalverbsareauxiliaryverbsthatexpresspossibility,necessity,ability,permission,oradvice.Theyarefollowedbythebaseformofthemainverb.Forexample,"Shecanplaythepiano,""Hemaybelate,""Theymustgonow,""Youshouldstudyharder."4.Articlesareusedtoindicatewhetheranounisgeneralorspecific."A"and"an"areusedwithcountablenounsthataregeneral,while"the"isusedwithspecificnounsorwhenreferringtosomethingunique.Forexample,"abook,""anapple,""thesun."5.Thepassivevoiceisagrammaticalstructurewherethefocu