2025-2026年天津市苏教版高中英语必修一第一章基础语法同步练习题

2025-2026年天津市苏教版高中英语必修一第一章基础语法同步练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthesentence"ThestudentsarereadingEnglishbooksinthelibrary,"whichwordindicatestheongoingaction?A.ThestudentsB.arereadingC.EnglishbooksD.inthelibrary解析：本题考查现在进行时态的识别。现在进行时态由"be动词+现在分词"构成，题干中"arereading"符合该结构，表示学生正在阅读。选项A是主语，C是宾语，D是地点状语，均不构成时态。正确答案为B。2.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverb"togo"inthesentence"Shewillgotothesupermarkettomorrow"?A.goB.goesC.goingD.went解析：本题考查一般将来时态的动词形式。一般将来时态用"will+动词原形"，题干中"willgo"符合规则。选项B是第三人称单数现在时，C是不定式或动名词，D是过去时，均不符合语境。正确答案为A。3.Inthesentence"Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears,"whichtenseisusedtodescribeapastactionwithpresentrelevance?A.SimplepresentB.SimplepastC.PresentperfectD.Pastcontinuous解析：本题考查现在完成时态的用法。现在完成时态表示过去动作对现在的影响，常与"for+时间段"搭配，题干中"havelived"符合该结构。选项A表示现在习惯性动作，B表示过去完成，D表示过去持续动作，均不适用。正确答案为C。4.Howshouldthesentence"Heistallerthanme"becorrectedtobegrammaticallycorrect?A.HeistallerthanIB.HeistallerthanmyC.HeistallerthanmeD.HeistallerthanIam解析：本题考查比较级句型中的主谓一致。比较级结构"than"后若指人，需用主格形式，题干中"thanme"应为"thanI"。选项B和D多余"my"或"am"，C未改错，D虽正确但冗余。正确答案为A。5.Whatisthecorrectformoftheadjective"happy"todescribe"her"?A.happyB.happilyC.happierD.happiest解析：本题考查形容词比较级。描述单数可数名词时，形容词需加"-er"，题干中"her"指单数，"happier"符合规则。选项A是原级，B是副词，D是最高级，均不适用。正确答案为C。6.Inthesentence"Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheywereready,"whatisthefunctionof"if"?A.ConjunctionintroducinganounclauseB.PrepositionindicatingplaceC.AdverbmodifyingaverbD.Interrogativepronoun解析：本题考查"if"的语法功能。"if"在此引导宾语从句，询问学生是否准备好，属于名词性从句。选项B是介词用法，C是副词用法，D是疑问词用法，均不适用。正确答案为A。7.Howshouldthesentence"Sheboughtabookyesterday"bechangedtopassivevoice?A.AbookwasboughtbyheryesterdayB.ShewasboughtabookyesterdayC.AbookwasboughtheryesterdayD.Sheboughtabooktoheryesterday解析：本题考查被动语态转换。被动语态结构为"be动词+过去分词"，题干中"wasbought"符合规则。选项B和C语序错误，D是主动语态，均不正确。正确答案为A。8.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverb"tosee"inthesentence"Ihaveneverseenhimbefore"?A.seeB.sawC.seenD.hasseen解析：本题考查现在完成时的过去分词形式。现在完成时态用"have/has+过去分词"，题干中"haveseen"符合规则。选项A是原形，B是过去时，C是过去分词但无助动词，D助动词错误。正确答案为C。9.Inthesentence"TheyhavebeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears,"whichtenseisusedtodescribeanongoingactionfromthepasttothepresent?A.SimplepastB.PresentperfectcontinuousC.SimplepresentD.Pastperfectcontinuous解析：本题考查现在完成进行时态。现在完成进行时态表示动作从过去持续到现在，常与"for+时间段"搭配，题干中"havebeenstudying"符合规则。选项A是过去时，C是现在时，D是过去完成进行时，均不适用。正确答案为B。10.Howshouldthesentence"HeismoreintelligentthanI"becorrectedtobegrammaticallycorrect?A.HeismoreintelligentthanIB.HeismoreintelligentthanmeC.HeismoreintelligentthanIamD.Heismoreintelligentthanmy解析：本题考查比较级句型中的主格使用。比较级结构"than"后若指人，需用主格形式，题干中"thanI"正确。选项B是宾格，C多余"am"，D多余"my"。正确答案为A。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thechildren______(play)happilyintheparkwhenitstartedtorain.答案wereplaying解析：本题考查过去进行时态。根据"whenitstartedtorain"可知动作正在进行，用过去进行时"wereplaying"。2.She______(notfinish)herhomeworkyet,soshecannotwatchTV.答案hasnotfinished解析：本题考查现在完成时态。根据"yet"表示动作未完成，用现在完成时"hasnotfinished"。3.Ifyou______(be)ontimetomorrow,youwillgetabonus.答案are解析：本题考查一般将来时态。条件状语从句中，若主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时"are"。4.Theteacheraskedus______(open)ourbookstopage10.答案toopen解析：本题考查动词不定式。asksb.todosth.结构中，用不定式"toopen"。5.Mybrother______(live)inthiscitysince2015.答案haslived解析：本题考查现在完成时态。表示动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时"haslived"。6.They______(travel)toLondonnextmonth,buttheyhavenotdecidedyet.答案willtravel解析：本题考查一般将来时态。根据"nextmonth"用一般将来时"willtravel"。7.Thecat______(sleep)onthesofaallafternoon.答案hasbeensleeping解析：本题考查现在完成进行时态。表示动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成进行时"hasbeensleeping"。8.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.答案rains解析：本题考查一般现在时态。条件状语从句中，若主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时"rains"。9.Sheaskedme______(wait)forheroutsidethedoor.答案towait解析：本题考查动词不定式。asksb.todosth.结构中，用不定式"towait"。10.Thestudents______(study)Englishforfiveyears,sotheyareveryfluent.答案havestudied解析：本题考查现在完成时态。表示动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时"havestudied"。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thesentence"Sheisreadingabook"isinthepresentcontinuoustense.答案正确解析：该句符合现在进行时态结构"be动词+现在分词"，表示正在进行的动作。2.Thepastparticipleof"togo"is"went."答案错误解析："went"是过去式，过去分词应为"gone"。3.Thesentence"Hehaseatenbreakfast"isinthepresentperfecttense.答案正确解析：该句符合现在完成时态结构"have/has+过去分词"，表示过去动作对现在的影响。4.Theword"than"in"Sheistallerthanme"shouldbereplacedwith"I"tobegrammaticallycorrect.答案正确解析：比较级结构"than"后若指人，需用主格形式"thanI"。5.Thepassivevoiceof"Theybuiltthehouse"is"Thehousewasbuiltbythem."答案正确解析：被动语态结构为"be动词+过去分词"，题干中"wasbuilt"符合规则。6.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.答案正确解析：现在完成进行时态表示动作从过去持续到现在，符合题干描述。7.Theword"if"in"Whatifitrains?"isaconjunctionintroducinganounclause.答案错误解析："if"在此引导宾语从句，属于名词性从句，而非名词性从句。8.Thepastparticipleof"tosee"is"saw."答案错误解析："saw"是过去式，过去分词应为"seen"。9.Thesentence"Sheismoreintelligentthanme"shouldbecorrectedto"SheismoreintelligentthanI."答案正确解析：比较级结构"than"后若指人，需用主格形式"thanI"。10.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast.答案错误解析：现在完成时态表示过去动作对现在的影响，而非特定时间。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenthepresentsimpleandpresentcontinuoustenses.参考答案：Presentsimpleisusedforhabitualactionsorfacts,e.g.,"Hereadsbookseveryday."Presentcontinuousisusedforactionshappeningnow,e.g.,"Heisreadingabooknow."Theformerisstatic,whilethelatterisdynamic.解析：本题考查两种时态的用法区别。现在简单时态用于习惯性动作或事实，现在进行时态用于正在进行的动作，前者静态后者动态。2.Howdoyouformthepassivevoiceofasentence?参考答案：Toformthepassivevoice,use"be动词+过去分词."Forexample,"Active:Theybuiltthehouse."Passive:"Thehousewasbuiltbythem."解析：本题考查被动语态的构成。被动语态结构为"be动词+过去分词"，需明确主被动关系。3.Whatisthefunctionof"if"inthesentence"Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic"?参考答案："If"introducesaconditionalclause,indicatingacondition("itrains")thatmayleadtoaresult("wewillcancelthepicnic").解析：本题考查"if"的语法功能。"if"引导条件状语从句，表示条件与结果关系。4.Whydoweusethepresentperfecttensewith"for+时间段"?参考答案：Thepresentperfecttensewith"for+时间段"isusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,e.g.,"Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears."解析：本题考查现在完成时态的用法。现在完成时态表示动作从过去持续到现在，常与"for+时间段"搭配。5.Howdoyouformthecomparativedegreeofanadjective?参考答案：Forone-syllableadjectives,add"-er"(e.g.,"happy"→"happier").Fortwo-syllableadjectivesendingin"-y,"change"y"to"i"andadd"-er"(e.g.,"happy"→"happier").解析：本题考查形容词比较级的构成。单音节形容词加"-er"，双音节以"-y"结尾的形容词改"y"为"i"加"-er"。6.Whatisthedifferencebetween"hasbeenstudying"and"hasstudied"?参考答案："Hasbeenstudying"isthepresentperfectcontinuoustense,emphasizingthedurationofanaction."Hasstudied"isthepresentperfecttense,emphasizingthecompletionofanaction.解析：本题考查两种时态的区别。"hasbeenstudying"强调动作持续，"hasstudied"强调动作完成。7.Howdoyouformthepassivevoiceofanintransitiveverb?参考答案：Intransitiveverbscannotformthepassivevoicebecausetheydonottakeadirectobject.Forexample,"Hesleeps"cannotbepassive.解析：本题考查不及物动词的被动语态。不及物动词无宾语，无法构成被动语态。8.Whatisthefunctionof"than"inthesentence"Sheistallerthanhersister"?参考答案："Than"introducesacomparativeclause,indicatingacomparisonbetweentwopeople("she"and"hersister")intermsofheight.解析：本题考查"than"的比较级功能。"than"引导比较状语从句，表示两者之间的比较关系。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethesentence"Thestudentsareplayingsoccerintheplayground"inthepassivevoice.参考答案："Soccerisbeingplayedbythestudentsintheplayground."解析：本题考查被动语态转换。将主动语态"主语+be动词+现在分词"改为"be动词+过去分词+by+主语"。2.Changethesentence"Heboughtacaryesterday"tothepresentperfecttense.参考答案："Hehasboughtacar."解析：本题考查现在完成时态转换。将一般过去时"主语+助动词+过去分词"改为"主语+have/has+过去分词"。3.Rewritethesentence"Sheismorebeautifulthanhersister"tobegrammaticallycorrect.参考答案："Sheismorebeautifulthanhersister."解析：本题考查比较级句型。比较级结构"than"后若指人，需用主格形式"thanhersister"，原句正确。4.Changethesentence"Theteacheraskedustoopenourbooks"tothepassivevoice.参考答案："Ourbookswereaskedtobeopenedbyus."解析：本题考查被动语态转换。将主动语态"主语+ask+宾语+不定式"改为"宾语+be动词+过去分词+by+主语"。5.Rewritethesentence"Theyhavebeenlivingherefortenyears"inthesimplepasttense.参考答案："Theylivedheretenyearsago."解析：本题考查时态转换。现在完成进行时态转为一般过去时，需改变时态并调整时间状语。6.Changethesentence"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic"tothepassivevoice.参考答案："Ifitisrainedtomorrow,thepicnicwillbecanceled."解析：本题考查被动语态转换。条件状语从句和主句均需改为被动语态。7.Rewritethesentence"Shehasfinishedherhomework"inthepastperfecttense.参考答案："Shehadfinishedherhomework."解析：本题考查时态转换。现在完成时态转为过去完成时态，需改变时态并调整时间状语。8.Changethesentence"ThestudentswerestudyingEnglishwhentheteachercame"tothepassivevoice.参考答案："Englishwasbeingstudiedbythestuden