北京市某中学2025-2026学年度第二学期期末考试高一英语（含答案）

高一英语试卷

一、完形填空

Iwasluckyenoughtotestintothebesthighschoolinthecity.Butthencamemy1:Am

Igoodenough?Itwasaquestionthat2methroughmyfirstmonth,evenasIsettledin,

evenasIgotusedtotheearlymorningwake-upsandmovingbetweenbuildingsfbrclass.

IknewIhadtowork(ogroundmyself.Myearlieststrategyinvolvedkeepingquietandtryingto

3mynewclassmates.Whowerethesekidsanyway?Howdidtheylearninschool?Alli

knewwasthattheywerethesmartestkidsinthecity,obviously.4wasn'tIaswell?

Hadn'tIlandedherebecauseIwassmartlikethem?ThetruthisthatIdidn'tknow.This

5waslikeadeadlycellthatthreatenedtodivideanddivideagain,unlessIcouldfind

somewaytostopit.

Fortunately,myfirstroundofgradesturnedouttobe6,andsodidmysecond.Overthe

courseofmyfirsttwoyears,Ibegantobuildthesamekindof7I'dhadatmyprevious

school.Witheachlittleachievement,mydoubtslowly8.

Ilovedanysubjectthatinvolvedwritingandlaboredthroughmath.Ihadclassmateswhowere

alwaysasteportwoaheadofme,whoseachievementsseemedeffortless,butItriednottoleithat

gettome.IwasbeginningtounderstandthatifIputinextrahoursofstudying,Icouldoften

9thegap.Iwasn'tastraight-Astudent,butIwasalways10andImade

progress.

1.A.excitementB.satisfactionC.angerD.worry

2.A.freedB.guidedC.warmedD.dogged

3.A.obsen-eB.admireC.supportD.calm

4.A.OrB.SoC.ButD.For

5.A.guessB.doubtC.interestD.risk

6.A.excellentB.averageC.differentD.unique

7.A.responsibilityB.friendshipC.confidenceD.teamwork

8.A.poppedoutB.fadedawayC.hungonD.builtup

9.A.closeB.noticeC.locateD.create

10.A.expectingB.tryingC.wonderingD.suffering

二、语法填空

阅读下列短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，任给

出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

BradAronson'slifechangedinstantlywhenhiswife,Mia,wasdiagnosedwithcancer.Fortwo

andahalfyears,amidthestressanddespairofwaitingforthe11(treat)towork,they

receivedanoutpouringofkindnessfromfriends,family,andevencompletestrangers.Inspiredby

this“humankindness”,Bradbeganwritingaboutthose12rescuedhisfamily,buthe

didn'tstopthere.Knowingthatsmallactsofkindnesstransformlivesacrosstheglobe,he

13(seek)outthes3storiesandsharedsomeofthebestinhisbookHumankind,which

becameabest-selleronce____14(publish).

阅读下列短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给

出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Everwonderwhysomehabitsarenearlyimpossibletochange?Iniact,yourbraindoesn't

distinguishbetweengoodhabitsandbadhabits.Theprocessisthesamewhetheryouhabitually

drinkwateralldayorreachfbracigarettewhenfeelingstressed.Thisexplains15habits

involvingdopamine-richrewardslikeeatingsweetscanbesohardtobreak.Thereinforcement

fromdopamine—thepleasurechemical—iswhywillpoweraloneisn'tenough.Onekeyinsight

fromhabitresearchisthathabits16(replace)insteadofbeingremoved.Youneedto

exchangeit17abetteralternativethatstillgivesyourbrainareward.

阅读下列短文。根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给

出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Againstthebackgroundofsevereclimateissues,Chinahasactivelypushedforwardthegreen

transitionandsecuredremarkableachievements.Sofiir,China18(develop)theglobe's

largestnewenergyiiiduslriulchain.Ilsupplies80pcrccnluftheworld'ssolarpanelsand70

percentofglobalwindpowerequipment.Beyonditsborders,Chinaalsohelpsotherdeveloping

19(country)copewithclimaterisksthroughSouth-Southcooperation,20

(contribute)loamorestableandinclusiveglobalenergysystem.ForChina,thegreentransitionis

neverazero-sumgame,butratheranewfrontierfbrglobalcooperation.

三、阅读理解

A

Sevenchildrenlineup,awaitingtheirturnonaslide.Aseachchildrushesdown,theonesbehind

laughandcheer.SuchsceneisrareinLagos,oneofAfrica'sfastest-growingcities,witha

populationofabout17million.Butonthecity'soutskirts,agarbage-site-turned-parkisoffering

roomfbrkidstoplay.Theprojectisthebrainchildof17-ycar-oldAmaraNwuncli,whowantsto

provethateveninLagos'mostcrowdedcorners,childrencanhavefun.

ForAmara,thepathtobuildingparksbeganwhenaterribleHoodstruckherhometownin2020.

Heavyrainsswallowedentireneighborhoods,leavingthousandsoffamilieshomeless.''People

justsaiditwasgovernmentfailureorbadluck."Amararecalls.But,later,sherealizeditwaswhat

wascalledNigeria's"climateapathy”:thetendencytoviewfloods,heatwaves,anddroughtsas

isolatedincidentsratherthanconsequencesofawarmingplanet.

“1wantedtochangethemindset/'Amarasays.Tfpeopledon'tfeelconnectedtonature,they

won'tfighttoprotectit.AndIknewthathadtostartwithcreatingspacespeoplecouldactually

seeandfeel.^^

Itwasnoeasytask.AmarafirstcontactedtheLagosStateGovemment,whichofleredlandbut

imposedrestrictionsthatmadelong-termconstructionimpossible.Aftermonthsofdeadends,she

shiftedstrategyandstartedlookingfbralternativespacesthatwereaccessibletohigh-risk

communities.Eventually,Amarasecuredagarbagesite.Shethenmobilizedateamofartists,

volunteers,andsmalldonorstoclearthetrashandrebuildthesitewithrecycledmaterials.Three

monthslater,theparkopened.

Amaraisnowplanningtwomoreparks.ShesayscommunitiesfromacrossthecountryhaveSeen

reachingouttoherteamfbradviceonhowtoreclaimabandonedspacesfbrpublicuse."That

createsakindofcycle,“Amarareflects.4<Itakeaction,othersnotice,theywanttotakeaction,too.

Andtogether,itgrows.”

21.WhalmighlbeaproblemLagosislacing?

A.Insufficientpublicareas.

B.Poorgarbagemanagement.

C.Limitedrecreationalactivities.

D.Uncontrolledpopulationgrowth.

22.WhatqualitydoesAmarademonstratewhencompletingtheproject?

A.Integrity.B.Optimism.C.Flexibility.D.Confidence.

23.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Itisnevertoolatetoact.

B.Everycloudhasasilverlining.

C.Joysharedisjoydoubled.

D.Smallstepsmakeabigdifference.

B

Inrecentresearch,mycolleaguesandIsetouttoinvestigatetheneuralmechanismsunderlying

experienceslikesolvingchallengingproblems.Specifically,wewantedtounderstandwhat

happensinthebrainwhileapersonengagesinabstractanddemandingthought—sowedesigned

astudyinvolvingmathexpertise.

Forourstudy,wcselected22universitystudentsmajoringinmathematics,alongwith22students

fromotherdisciplines.Wcaskedthestudentstowatchstep-by-steppresentationsthatexplain3d

howtosolveseveralchallengingmathproblems.Throughoutthisdemonstration,thestudents

woreacapcoveredwithelectrodes（电极）sothatwecouldtrackelectricalactivityintheirbrains.

Aftereachpresentation,theyhadtoreportwhethertheythoughttheyhadunderstoodthe

presentationsandhowengagedtheyfeltduringtheexperience.

Wcfoundthatstudentswhosecourseworkinvolvedlittlemaihematicsshowedmoresignsof

complexactivityintheprefrontalcortex（皮层），indicatinghowhardtheywereworkingto

understandthevariousstepsofthecomplexmathdemonstrations.However,intheothergroup,

wenotedsignificantactivitylinkingthefrontalandparietal（顶叶）regionsoftheirbrain.More

specifically,theseareasexhibitedapatternofactivitydescribedasdeltawaves.

Somerecentresearchsuggeststhatthesedeltawavesmayplayacrucialroleinthecognitive

processingthatsupportsdeepinternalconcentrationandtherelocationofinformationbetween

dislanlbrainregions.Inlaul,wcsuspectihalthelong-dislanccdellawaveswcobservedmayplay

acentralrolewheneverpeopleengageincontextualandcomplexproblem-solving.Thissuggests

thatengagingbrainnetworksinthiswaycouldbeusefulformanytasksrequiringconcentration.

Il'slikelythatwhenpeoplewithextensiveexperienceinataskaredeeplyengagedinthateffort,

thesesamedeltawavesareinvolved,evenasthespecificbrainnetworksvary.It?salsopossible一

thoughwe'llneedtoinvestigatefurthertobesure—thatthisstateofdeepconcentrationis

generalizable:developingthiswayotthinkinginonedomaincouldhelpyouinothers.

Thesefindingssuggestatrade-offthatpeopleshouldkeepinmind—particularlyasartificial

intelligenceandothertoolsofiershortcutsfbrvariousformsofproblemsolving.Eachtimewe

offloadaproblemtoacalculatororaskAItosummarizeanessay,weloseanopportunityto

improveourownskillsandpracticedeepconcentration.Tobeclear,technologiescanboostour

efficiencyinimportantways,buttheseemingly“inefficient”hardworkwedocanbepowerful,

too.

24.Basedonthestudyresults,howdoMathmajorsprocesschallengingmathproblems

differentlyfromnon-Mathmajors?

A.Theyexperiencelessengagementduringproblem-solvingtasks.

B.Theyusemoreareasoftheirprefrontalcortextosolveproblems.

C.Theydisplaydeltawaveactivitylinkingfrontalandparietalregions.

D.Theyshowsloweroverallbrainactivityduringcomplexproblem-solving.

25.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor'sviewontheroleof“inefficienl"work?

A.Ithelpsthosewhoaregoodatsubjectslikemath.

B.Itimprovesengagementbuthasnocognitivebenefits.

C.Itwastestimeandresourcescomparedtousingtechnology.

D.Itallowsthebraintobuildskillsthatarctransferabletoothertasks.

26.Whatmightbethebesttitlefbrthepassage?

A.WhichtoChoose:EfficiencyorHardWork?

B.WhatBenefitsUsMore:AIToolsorDeepConcentration?

C.EmployingComplexMathProblemstoEnhanceDeltaWaves

D.DevelopingExpertiseImprovestheBrain'sAbilitytoConcentrate

C

Afewyearsago,theCityCuunuilofMunza,Italy,barredpciuwnersfroinkeepinggoldfishin

cuncdfishbowls.Thesponsorsofthemeasureexplainedthatitiscrueltokeepafishinsucha

bowlbecausethecurvedsicesgivethefishadistortedviewofreality.Asidefromthemeasure's

significancetothepoorgoldfish,thestoryraisesaninterestingphilosophicalquestion:Howdowe

knowthattherealityweperceiveistrue?

Physicistsarefindingthemselvesinasimilartroubletothegoldfishes.Fordecadestheyhavebeen

pursuinganultimatetheoryofeverything—onecompleteandconsistentsetotfundamentallaws

ofnaturethatexplaineveryaspectofreality.Itnowappearsthatthispursuitmaygeneratenota

singletheorybutafamilyofinterconnectedtheories,eachdescribingitsownversionofreality,as

ifitviewedtheuniversethroughitsownfishbowl.Thisconceptmaybedifficultfbrmanypeople

toaccept.Mostpeoplebelievethatthereisanobjectiverealityoutthereandthatoursensesand

oursciencedirectlyconveyinformationaboutthematerialworld.Inphilosophy,thatbeliefis

calledrealism.

Inphysics,realismisbecomingdifficulttodefend.Instead,theideaofalternativerealitiesisa

mainstayoftoday'spopularculture.Forexample,inthescience-fictionfilmTheMatrixthe

humanraceisunknowinglylivinginasimulated（模拟的）virtualrealitycreatedbyintelligent

computers.Howdoweknowwearenotjustcomputer-generatedcharacterslivinginaMatrix-like

world?If—likeus—thebeingsinthesimulatedworldcouldnotobservetheiruniversefromthe

outside,theywouldhavenoreasontodoubttheirownpicturesofreality.

Similarly,thegoldfish'sviewisnotthesameasoursfromoutsidetheircurvedbowl.Forinstance,

becauselightbendsasittravelsfromairtowater,afreelymovingobjectthatwewouldobserveto

moveinastraightlinewouldbeobservedbythegoldfishtomovealongacurvedpath.The

goldfishcouldfbnnscientificlawsfromtheirframeofreferencethatwouldalwaysholdtrueand

thatwouldenablethemtomakepredictionsaboutthefiituremotionofobjectsoutsidethebowl.If

thegoldfishformedsuchatheory,wewouldhavetoadmitthegoldfish'sviewasareasonable

pictureofreality.

Thegoldfishexampleshowsthatthesamephysicalsituationcanbemodeledindifferentways,

eachemployingdifferentfundamentalelementsandconcepts.Itmightbethattodescribethe

universewehavetoemploydifferenttheoriesindifferentsituations.Itisnotthephysicists5

traditionalexpectationfbratheoryofnature,nordoesitconespondtooureverydayideaof

reality.Buiilniighlbeihcwayuftheuniverse.

27.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“distorted"inParagraph1mostprobablymean?

A.Original.B.Accurate.C.Distant.D.False.

28.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?

A.Theneedfbracompletetheory.

B.Thelastingconflictinphysics.

C.Iheconventionalinsightofreality.

D.Theexistenceofthematerialworld.

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Nature'smysteriesarebestleftundiscovered.

B.Anexternalworldisindependentoftheobservers.

C.People'stheoriesarcinfluencedbytheirviewpoints.

D.Itisessentialtofigureoutwhichpictureofrealityisbetter.

30.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat.

A.variousinterpretationsoftheuniversearewelcomed

B.physicistshaveafavoritecandidatefbrthefinaltheory

C.multiplerealitiescanbepiecedtogethertoshowtherealworld

D.thereisstillpossibilitytounifydifferenttheoriesintoasingleone

D

HowMusicHelpsEasePaininHospitals

NurseRodSalaysayusesvariousinstrumentsinhiswork-notonlymedicaltoolsbutalsohis

guitarandukulele.Intherecoveryunit,hehelpspatientsmanagepainaftersurgery.Alongwith

medicine,heplaysmusicorsingsattheirrequest.31Hisperformancesoftenleadto

patientssmilingornoddingalong.Sometimes,theirheartratesandbloodpressureevenimprove,

andsomeneedlesspainmedication.

Music'spain-rclicvingeffect—calledmusic-induccdanalgesia—isnowbeingstudied

scientifically.Nooneclaimsmusiccantakeawayseverepainentirely,though.32

“There'softenacycleofworry,pain,andanxietyinahospital,Salaysaysaid.4tButmusiccan

helpbreakthatcycle.^^33Overrecentdecades,liveandprerecordedmusichaveentered

morehospitalsasresearchexploreshowmusicaffectspain.

Whalmakesmusiceffectiveagainstpain?”Painisurcalcdbyphysicalscnsaliun,uurllioughls

aboutit,andouremotionalreaction,MexplainedpsychologistAdamHanley.Musicactsasa

distraction,pullingattentionawayfromdiscomfort.34Familiarandwell-likedmusic

tendstoworkbestbecauseitactivatesemotionsandmemoriesmorestrongly.

35AstudyfromtheNetherlandstestedfivemusicgenresandfoundnosingletypewas

mosteffective—whatmatteredwasthatlistenersenjoyedthemusic.Anotherstudyfoundthat

lettingpeoplechoosetheirownmusicincreasedpaintolerance.Focusedlistening,ratherthan

treatingmusicasbackgroundnoise,alsoimprovestheeffect

A.Butitdoesmore—itengagesthebrainbroadly,changingthepainexperience.

B.Heisnotaloneinusingmusicasaformoftherapy（治疗）.

C.However,themusicmustbesoftandslowtohaveanyrealeffect.

D.Patientsusuallyprefermodernpopsongstoclassicalmusic.

E.Il'snotjustaboutdistraction—patientchoiceandactivelisteningmattertoo.

F.Hissongchoicesincludefolkmusicindifferentlanguagesandpiecesfromclassicaland

soundtracks.

G.Recentresearchsuggestsmusiccanreducehowmuchpainpeoplefeelorincreasetheirability

totolerateit.

E

SharedServicesNeedMoreImagination

Supposeyouneedtodrillaholeinthewalltohanganitembutdonotownapowerdrill.Youmay

regarditasexpensivetobuyapowerdrillandconsiderrentingone.Sharingisthesolution.The

sharingindustryisanemerginghighlyflexibleeconomicnetworkthatallowspeopletoshare

resources,eitherfreeorfbrafee.

Theimportantideaofthesharingindustryisthatpeoplemightonlyneedanitemfbrarelatively

shortperiod.Theprivatepartofsharedserviceshasbeenmovingtowardsthisareasincethe

beginningofthe1980s,andthenthepublicparthastakennctcofthebenefitsandcontinuedtor

bestpractice.TheUnitedStatesandAustraliaamongothershavehadsharedservicesin

goveminentsincethelate1990s.

Withtheriseofthesharingindustry,thebest-knownsharedbikesandsharedcarshavegotalotof

publicattention.Thiskindoftransportationissoenvironmentally-friendlythatitisincreasingly

popularainongpeopleinnianycities.

Ofcoursesharedservicesdon'tneedtobelimitedtomachines.Therealpay-offinsharedservices

probablyliesinrentingoutsmaller,lessheavyitems.Forexample,intoday'scasualenvironment,

youdon'tneedatieunlessyou'regoingloaweddingorajobinterview.Sosomecompanies

wouldletyoupickupatiewhenyouneededitandonlywhenyouneededit.Anotherexampleis

anumbrella-sharingservice.Sincevisitorsdon'twanttobecarryingumbrellasalltheway,it

wouldbecheaperandeasiertosimplyborrowanumbrellaononestreetcorneranddropitot:on

another.

RecentlyorganizationsthathavecentralizedtheirITfimctionshavebeguntotakeacloselookat

thetechnologyservicesthattheirITdepartmentsprovidefbrcustomers,evaluatingwhereitmakes

sensetoprovidetechnologycomponents.E-mailandscanningoperationswereobviousearly

candidates.Manyorganizationsarcnowofferingtheirdocument-intensiveoperationsasashared

service.Thereisnodoubtthatpeoplearecallingfbrtheexpansionofsharedservicestomoreand

moreareas.

36.Whatisthesharingindustry?

____36____

37.Whydoessharedtransportationreceiveattentionfrompeople?

____37____

38.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

Sharedservicesaregettingincreasinglypopularfbrtheirconvenience,buttherearestillcallsfbr

expansiontowiderareasbecausetheyarecurrentlyrestrictedtomachines.

____38____

39.Pleaseprovideanotherexampleofsharedservicesandexplainyourreason,(about40words)

39____

四、书信写作

40.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim来信告知他正在学习汉语，计划

借助人工智能助力汉语学习，他发来邮件向你征询AI辅助语言学习的建议。请你给他写

一封回信，内容包含：

1.利用AI学习汉语的具体建议；

2.提醒合理使用AL

注意：1.词数100左右：2.信件开头、结束语已给出，不II入总词数。

DearJim,

Yours,

LiHua

五、单词拼写

41.Tomtheartofpublicspeaking,youmustpracticenotonlywhattosaybutalso

howtopause,breathe,anduseyourvoiceeffectively.

42.Shefinallygainedrecognitionasaserious（作曲家）whenherfirstsymphonywas

performedbythenationalorchestra.

43.Inthiswritingclass,simplysummarizingwhatothershavesaidisnotconsidered

（可接受的）,andyoumustaddyourownargumentoranalysis.

44.Effectiveenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresarenecessarytostoptheeof

endangeredanimalsaroundtheworld.

45.Manyartcentersmakelittlep.buttheyofferfreeartactivitiesforyoungpeople.

46.Inthewild,ananimal'ssdependsnotonlyonfindingfoodbutalsoonadaptingto

changingweatherconditions.

47.Teachershavecreatedmanyusefulnewatomakegrammarlearningmuchmore

interestingfbrteenagers.

48.Greatenvironmentalimprovementsotenyearsagowhenpeoplebegantosort

waste.

49.ifyoutakeeverychancetouseEnglishindailylife,youcana（习得）valuable

learningskillsstepbystep.

50.Teachersshould（使暴露）studentstoavarietyofopinionsandarguments,notjust

thosethat