福建三明市沙县区第一中学2026-2027学年高二上学期入学考试英语试题（含解析）

2026–2027高二上英语入学考试(卷面分值:80分考试时间:50分钟)第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFourfemalepioneersfromdifferentfieldswillsoonappearonsomeUScoins.Generationstocomewilllookatthecoinsbearingthesedesignsandberemindedofwhatcanbeaccomplishedwithdeterminationandadesiretoimproveopportunitiesforall.AnnaMayWongWongwasthefirstChineseAmericanfilmstarinHollywood,appearinginmorethan60movies.Hercoinshowsherrestingherheadonherhand,surroundedbytheroundlightsofastage.AfilmcriticoncenotedthatWong’sperformancesoftencarriedasenseoflonging,asifshewasyearningforaHollywoodthatfullyacceptedher.MayaAngelouThelatewriterandsocialactivisthasalreadyreceivedapresidentialMedalofFreedom,wonaNationalBookAward,andpublishedmorethan30bestsellingpoems.Angelou’scoinwillshowherwithherarmslifted,infrontofabirdinflightandarisingsun.Thoseimagesareinspiredbyherpoetryandsymbolicofthewayshelived.Scholarsanalyzethatherworksfrequentlyexploredthemesofresilience(恢复)andhope,mirroringherownlifejourneymarkedbyovercominghardships.SallyRideThelateastronaut,physicistandeducatorisbestknownasthefirstAmericanwoman—andyoungestAmerican—totraveltospace.Afterherretirement,shedevotedherselftoinspiringyoungpeople,particularlygirls,inscience,engineering,technologyandmath.Hercoindesignshowsherstandingnexttoawindowonaspaceship,whichisinspiredbywhatsheoncesaid.“WhenIwasn’tworking,IwasusuallyatawindowlookingdownatEarth.”WilmaMankillerMankillerwasthefirstelectedfemalechiefoftheCherokeeNationin1987,andiscelebratedasanactivistforNativeAmericanandwomen’srights.Underherleadership,infantdeathratedeclinedandeducationallevelsrose.Mankiller’scoinshowsherinatraditionaldressinfrontoftheseven-pointedstaroftheCherokeeNation.Historiansemphasizethatherleadershipstylewasbothinclusive(包容的)anddecisive,bringingabouttangible(明确的)changesforherpeople.1.WhatcanweinferaboutAnnaMayWongfromthepassage?A.Herperformanceslackedemotionaldepth.B.ShewaswidelyacceptedbyHollywoodfromthestart.C.ShefacedchallengesingainingfullacceptanceinHollywood.D.Shestarredinfewerthan50moviesthroughouthercareer.2.WhyaretheimagesofabirdinflightandarisingsunchosenforMayaAngelou’scoin?A.Theyrepresentherlovefornature.B.Theyaresymbolsofherfavoritehobbies.C.Theywererandomlyselectedbycoindesigners.D.Theyreflectthethemesinherpoetryandherlifeattitude.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWilmaMankiller’sleadership?A.Ineffectiveinbringingaboutanychanges.B.Focusedmainlyoneconomicdevelopment.C.Unconcernedwiththesocialwelfareofhercommunity.D.Characterizedbyinclusivenessandtheabilitytoachieveresults.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四位来自不同领域的美国女性先驱将登上美国硬币，分别介绍了她们的成就及硬币设计所体现的个人特质与贡献。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据AnnaMayWong部分第二段“AfilmcriticoncenotedthatWong’sperformancesoftencarriedasenseoflonging,asifshewasyearningforaHollywoodthatfullyacceptedher.(一位影评人曾指出，黄柳霜的表演常常带着一种渴望感，仿佛她在期盼一个能完全接纳她的好莱坞)”可知，黄柳霜在好莱坞获得完全接纳的过程中面临挑战。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据MayaAngelou部分“Angelou’scoinwillshowherwithherarmslifted,infrontofabirdinflightandarisingsun.Thoseimagesareinspiredbyherpoetryandsymbolicofthewayshelived.(安吉洛的硬币上，她双臂高举，身前是一只飞鸟和一轮冉冉升起的太阳。这些意象源于她的诗歌，也象征着她的生活态度)”可知，飞鸟和朝阳的意象反映了她诗歌中的主题和生活态度。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后WilmaMankiller部分“Historiansemphasizethatherleadershipstylewasbothinclusive(包容的)anddecisive,bringingabouttangible(明确的)changesforherpeople.(历史学家强调，她的领导风格既包容又果断，为她的族人带来了切实的改变)”可知，历史学家指出威尔玛的领导风格包容且果断，能带来切实改变，即其领导特点是包容且有能力取得成果。故选D。BEricWilliamshassethissightsonmakinghiscity,Philadelphia,saferforkidslikehisson，Elijah,withautism(自闭症).Heisdoingthisbyinstallingspecialstreetsignsacrossthecitythatgetdriverstoslowdownforthebenefitofkidswithautism,aswellasallkidsinthecommunity.ThankstotheeffortsofWilliams,localresidentsarelikelytohavespottedmanyyellowandblackstreetsignsthatread“AUTISTICPERSONAREA”.Successfullyadvocatingforthesigns,andbuildingasystemtoputthemintopracticetookjustoverayear.Significantly,thesesignsaretherebecauseapersonwithautismmaycrossthestreetwithlittlewarning.Learningroadsafetyismorechallengingforautisticchildren.ProjectElijahEmpoweringAutism(PEEA),anonprofitorganization,wasestablishedbyWilliamsin2004.Familiesinterestedinhavingasigninstallednearbycanfilloutanonlineapplication.Williamslaunchedtheformatthestartof2024,andbyApril,about400applicationshadalreadybeenreceived.OneofthesestreetsignswentupoutsidetheworkplaceofJamila,alocalwomanrunninganonprofitofferingafter-schoolactivitiesto12childrenwithautism.Shesays,“Wehavealittleboy:whenhegetspickedup,heinstantlyrunsoutintothestreet.Wehaveschoolbusesthatdropthekidsoffhere.Yougetcarsthatflyby.Nowthestreetsignsprovideanotherlevelofsecurityforthekids.”Consequently,Williams’snonprofitisaboutmorethandrivingtheprovisionofmorestreetsignstohelpkidswithautism.PEEAhostsfree,year-roundeducation,andrecreationprogramsforfamilieslivingwithautism.Italsoorganizesfood,clothing,andotheressentialdistributions,andprovideshelpfulresourcesthatthecommunitycanusetobuildchildren’sconfidenceandindependence,andraisetheirawareness.4.WhatisWilliams’sgoalofinstallingspecialstreetsigns?A.Toprovidedirectionsforlostdrivers. B.Toimproveautisticchildren’ssafety.C.TobeautifythestreetsinPhiladelphia. D.Tomaketrafficbetterintherushhour.5.Howcanfamiliesrequesttheinstallationofspecialstreetsigns?A.BysendingalettertoWilliams. B.Byjoininganonprofitorganization.C.Bycompletinganapplicationformonline. D.Bycontactingthegovernmentdirectly.6.WhatdidJamila’swordsimply?A.Toshowthepositiveimpactofthestreetsigns.B.Tohighlightthedangersfacedbyautisticchildren.C.Toemphasizethedifficultyinlearningroadsafety.D.Toillustratethechallengesencounteredbynonprofits.7.WhatdoweknowaboutPEEAfromthelastparagraph?A.Itishighlyprofitablenow. B.Ithasexpandeditsservice.C.Itwillspreadtomorecities. D.Itmainlyoffersmaterialaid.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲为了帮助有自闭症的孩子，在费城安装特殊街道标志，以提醒司机减缓速度，确保孩子们的安全。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“EricWilliamshassethissightsonmakinghiscity,Philadelphia,saferforkidslikehisson，Elijah,withautism(自闭症).Heisdoingthisbyinstallingspecialstreetsignsacrossthecitythatgetdriverstoslowdownforthebenefitofkidswithautism,aswellasallkidsinthecommunity.(EricWilliams的目标是让他的城市费城对像他儿子Elijah这样患有自闭症的孩子更安全。他的做法是在整个城市安装特殊的街道标志，让司机们放慢速度，以造福自闭症儿童，以及社区里的所有孩子)”可知，EricWilliams在整个费城安装特殊的街道标志，目的是提高患有自闭症的孩子的安全。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Familiesinterestedinhavingasigninstallednearbycanfilloutanonlineapplication.(有兴趣在附近安装标志的家庭可以填写在线申请)”可知，家庭可以通过在线填写申请表来要求安装特殊的街道标志。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Shesays,“Wehavealittleboy:whenhegetspickedup,heinstantlyrunsoutintothestreet.Wehaveschoolbusesthatdropthekidsoffhere.Yougetcarsthatflyby.Nowthestreetsignsprovideanotherlevelofsecurityforthekids.”(她说：“我们有一个小男孩，当让他站起来的时候，他会立刻跑到街上。我们有校车把孩子们送到这里。你会遇到飞驰而过的汽车。现在，路牌为孩子们提供了另一层安全保障。”)”可知，文章提及Jamila说的话，旨在表明Wiliams他们安装的街道标志对自闭症儿童的安全有积极影响。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Consequently,Williams’snonprofitisaboutmorethandrivingtheprovisionofmorestreetsignstohelpkidswithautism.PEEAhostsfree,year-roundeducation,andrecreationprogramsforfamilieslivingwithautism.Italsoorganizesfood,clothing,andotheressentialdistributions,andprovideshelpfulresourcesthatthecommunitycanusetobuildchildren’sconfidenceandindependence,andraisetheirawareness.(因此，威廉姆斯的非营利组织不仅仅是推动提供更多的街道标志来帮助自闭症儿童。PEEA为患有自闭症的家庭提供免费的全年教育和娱乐项目。它还组织食物、衣服和其他必要的分发，并提供有用的资源，社区可以使用这些资源来建立儿童的信心和独立性，并提高他们的意识)”可知，PEEA扩大了服务范围。故选B。CTheideathatsmilingcanmakeyoufeelhappierhasalonghistory.In1872,Darwinmusedaboutwhetheranemotionthatwasexpressedwouldbefeltmoreintenselythanonethatwasrepressed.Earlypsychologistswereequallyemotionalaboutthistopicinthe1880s.Morethanahundredstudieshavebeenpublishedonit,anditremainsaconstantthemeinpopularwisdom.“Smile,thoughyourheartisaching,”sangNatKingColein1954.“You’llfindthatlifeisstillworthwhile,ifyou’lljustsmile.”In2018,socialpsychologistFritzStrackpublishedastudythatseemedtoconfirmthefacialfeedbackhypothesis.Researchersaskedparticipantstoholdapenintheirmouthsinawaythatforcedthemeithertobaretheirteethinasmile-likeshapeortopursetheirlips.Topreventparticipantsfromassociatingthetaskwiththestudy’srealintention,theyweretoldtheresearchwasabouthowpeoplewithphysicaldisabilitiesperformpracticaltaskslikewriting.WhenshownaseriesofcomicsfromTheFarSide,thoseholdingthepenwiththeirteeth—the“smiling”group-ratedtheimagesasfunnierthanthosewhopursedtheirlips.Thiswasconsideredanextremelyimportantfinding:evenwithoutbeingawareofsmiling,thefacialexpressionaloneappearedtoinfluencemood.Theresultwaswidelyrecognizedandenteredpsychologytextbooks.Incontrasttoyearsofsupport,however,17labsattemptedtorepeatthepenstudyin2025—andalllackedsuccess.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repressed”meaninPara.1?A.Controlled. B.Tolerated. C.Recognized. D.Appreciated.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Participantswerephysicallydisabled.B.Researchersdidn’tsharetheirtruepurpose.C.Researchersdidn’tshowtheirfacialfeedback.D.Participantswereconfusedabouttheexperiment.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresultoftheexperiment?A.Supportive. B.Objective. C.Critical. D.Doubtful.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DoesSmilingHaveLongHistory? B.IstheFacialFeedbackHypothesisTrue?C.IsLifeWorthwhileIfYouJustSmile? D.CanSmilingReallyMakeYouHappier?【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本是一篇说明文。文章围绕“微笑是否能让人更快乐”这一话题，介绍了相关历史观点、支持该观点的实验及后续重复实验失败的情况，客观呈现了这一观点的争议性。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“In1872,Darwinmusedaboutwhetheranemotionthatwasexpressedwouldbefeltmoreintenselythanonethatwasrepressed.(1872年，达尔文思考了一种被表达的情感是否会比被repressed的情感更强烈。)”可知，前文“anemotionthatwasexpressed(被表达出来的情绪)”与“onethatwasrepressed(被____的情绪)”构成反义对比，“expressed(被表达出来的)”的反义词为“被控制的、压抑的”，由此可知，repressed为“被压抑的”的意思，A选项Controlled“被控制的，抑制的”符合语境。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Topreventparticipantsfromassociatingthetaskwiththestudy’srealintention,theyweretoldtheresearchwasabouthowpeoplewithphysicaldisabilitiesperformpracticaltaskslikewriting.(为了防止参与者将这项任务与研究的真实意图联系起来，他们被告知这项研究是关于身体残疾的人如何完成写作等实际任务的)”可知，研究人员并没有透露他们的真正目的。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“In2018,socialpsychologistFritzStrackpublishedastudythatseemedtoconfirmthefacialfeedbackhypothesis.(2018年，社会心理学家弗里茨·斯特拉克发表了一项研究，似乎证实了面部反馈假说)”以及最后一段中“Incontrasttoyearsofsupport,however,17labsattemptedtorepeatthepenstudyin2025-andalllackedsuccess.(然而，与多年来的支持相反，有17个实验室试图在2025年重复这项钢笔研究，但都没有成功)”可推知，作者客观呈现实验过程与结果——先说明2018年斯特拉克的研究“证实面部反馈假设”，再提及2025年17个实验室“重复实验失败”，未加入个人支持或批判的主观评价，仅陈述事实。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕核心话题“微笑是否能让人更快乐”展开——首段提出“微笑让人更快乐”的历史与流行观点，第二段介绍支持该观点的实验，第三段转折说明重复实验失败，核心争议点是“微笑与快乐之间的因果关系”。D选项CanSmilingReallyMakeYouHappier?（微笑真的能让人更快乐吗？）——精准概括全文“支持与反对”的核心争议，涵盖所有段落的核心内容。故选D项。DWhenunethical(不道德的)behavioriscriticized,demandsareoftenmetwithdefensivenessanddenial.Howcanweovercomethisreaction?NewresearchbyLaurenHowe,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofZurich,identifiesawaythatcriticismcanbemoreeffective.Aseriesofexperimentsinvolvingmorethan1,400participantsshowsthatcriticizedgroupsaremorelikelytotakecriticismtoheartwhenthemessengernotonlycriticizesthegroups,butalsoshowsconcernfortheissuesthatthecriticizedgroupsthemselvesface.Whencriticizinggroups,messengersoftenaddressthegroupbypointingouthowthegroupiscausingharmtoanothergroupandaskingthemtochangetheirways.“Whatmessengersmaynotrealizeisthatwhenapersonaccusesagroupofcausingharmlikethis,rightaway,membersofthegroupmaybelievethatthemessengerviewstheirgroupasimmoralanddoesnotcareabouttheiroutcomes,”Howeexplains.“Wefindinourresearchthatwhenmessagesincludedual(双重的)concernbyexpressingconcernforthegroupthatiscriticizedwhilestillaccusingthegroupofcausingharm,itreducesthisproblematicinference,andthusdualconcernmessagesaremoreeffectiveatencouragingmembersofagrouptoagreewiththecriticismoftheirowngroup.”Theresearchtestedtheideaincampaigns:Participantsreadaposteradvocatingstoppingprejudiceagainstagroupwithwhomtheypersonallydisagreed.Theposterledparticipantstoagree8.6%morestronglythattheirdisfavoredgroupfacedunfairandspecificprejudiceswhentheposterconveyedthattheadvocatesalsowereconcernedabouttheprejudicesthatmanyothergroupsfaced.Whattheresearchshows,Howesummarizes,isthatcriticismworksbetterwhenitisdonewithcare.Shesuggests,“Whenmessengerspointoutharmorwrongdoing,theymightconsiderwhatchallengesthegroupthattheyareaccusingofharmfaces.”Messengersmaywanttoacknowledgethesechallenges,ifappropriate,tosignaltotheiraudiencethattheyarenotdismissedasimmoral.Asmessengersraisetheirvoicestocriticizeonegroupforharminganothergroup,theirargumentsaremorepersuasivewhentheyemphasizeconcernforthecriticizedgroup.12.WhatdoesthestudybyLaurenHowemainlyfocuson?A.Theimpactofpubliccriticismonindividuals.B.Thestrategiesformakingcriticismmoreeffective.C.Theeffectivenessofpubliccriticisminchangingbehavior.D.Theimportanceofreducingdefensivereactionstocriticism.13.Whymightdualconcernmessagesbeuseful?A.Theyfocusonthebenefitsofchangingbehavior.B.Theymakethecriticizedgroupfeelmorepowerful.C.Theyhighlighttheharmcausedbythecriticizedgroup.D.Theyreducetheperceivedmoraljudgmentofthemessenger.14.Whatismainlydiscussedinparagraph4?A.Howtheresearcherstestedtheiridea. B.Whattheparticipantsfacedincriticism.C.Howcriticismhelpedparticipantsinlife. D.Whymostparticipantscouldn’thandlecriticism.15.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Bittercriticismismuchmoreeffective.B.Theharmcausedbycriticismisunavoidable.C.Expressingconcerncanmakecriticismmorepersuasive.D.Messengersshouldavoidcriticizinggroupsfacingchallenges.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。劳伦・豪的研究表明，批评时表达对被批评群体的关切，可减少其防御反应，让批评更有效。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“NewresearchbyLaurenHowe,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofZurich,identifiesawaythatcriticismcanbemoreeffective.(苏黎世大学助理教授劳伦・豪的一项新研究发现了一种能让批评更有效的方法)”可知，劳伦・豪的研究核心是找到让批评更有效的策略。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Wefindinourresearchthatwhenmessagesincludedual(双重的)concernbyexpressingconcernforthegroupthatiscriticizedwhilestillaccusingthegroupofcausingharm,itreducesthisproblematicinference,andthusdualconcernmessagesaremoreeffectiveatencouragingmembersofagrouptoagreewiththecriticismoftheirowngroup.(我们在研究中发现，当信息包含双重关注时，即对被批评的群体表示关注，同时仍指责该群体造成伤害，这减少了这种有问题的推断，因此双重关注信息更有效地鼓励群体成员同意对自己群体的批评)”，且前文提到“thisproblematicinference”指“membersofthegroupmaybelievethatthemessengerviewstheirgroupasimmoral(被批评群体的成员可能会认为传达者视他们的群体为不道德的)”。由此可知，双重关注信息的作用是减少被批评群体对传达者“道德评判”的感知。故选D项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theresearchtestedtheideaincampaigns:Participantsreadaposteradvocatingstoppingprejudiceagainstagroupwithwhomtheypersonallydisagreed.(该研究在活动中测试了这一观点：参与者阅读了一张倡导停止对一个他们个人不认同的群体抱有偏见的海报)”及后文对实验过程和结果的描述可知，该段核心是介绍研究人员如何通过实验验证“双重关注让批评更有效”这一观点。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asmessengersraisetheirvoicestocriticizeonegroupforharminganothergroup,theirargumentsaremorepersuasivewhentheyemphasizeconcernforthecriticizedgroup.(当传达者发声批评一个群体伤害另一个群体时，当他们强调对被批评群体的关切时，他们的论点会更有说服力)”可推知，作者通过引用豪的研究结论暗示，表达关切能让批评更具说服力。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onceuponatimesocietieswereorganizedaroundreligion,thenaroundindustry.Butsomethingelseisbecomingmoreimportantintoday’sworld:information.____16____Andthetechnologythatweusetodothisiscalledinformation—hournews,e-commerce,internationalcommunication,mobilephones,globalpositioningsystems.Allthesearemakingtheworldsmallerandfaster.Thegrowthintelecommunicationsisnowgivingmoreandmorepeopleaccesstothesciencethatwillhelptheircountrydevelop,ortothemedicalknowledgethatcanfightdisease.Itisstartingarealglobalvillage,wherepeopleonlydreamedofagenerationago.____17____Billionsofpeoplecannotreadthosewordsbecausetheydonothaveaccesstoacomputer.Theydon’tunderstandEnglisheither—thelanguagethataroundhalfoftheinformationontheInternetiswrittenin.Theydon’tevenhaveatelephone.Theyaremoreworriedabouthowfartheywillhavetowalktodaytogetcleanwateroriftheycanfeedthemselvesandtheirfamilies.Formostpeopleonthisplanet,informationisnotapriority.Thecontrastbetweencountriesthathaveinformationtechnologyandthosethatdon’tiscalledthe“digitaldivide”.ScandinaviaandSouthEastAsiahaveahighnumberofpeoplewhouseInformationandCommunicationtechnologies.____18____TheUnitedNationsistryingtomaketheinformationsocietyarealityformoreoftheworld’sdevelopingworld.____19____Itwantstoseerichcountriessharetheirtechnologyandknowledgetopoorernations.Thiswillimprovebusiness,medicine,scienceandagriculture,andcreatenewopportunitiesandemployment.Atthesametime,cultures,languagesandtraditionswillbecomestronger.Worldinternetusehasbeengrowingmassively—byaboutabillionuserseveryfiveyears—andnownearlyhalfoftheworldisconnectedtotheInternet.Butdoesinformationcomewithfreedom?____20____Informationispower,sowhowillpeopleshareit?Doesn’tmoreinformationmeanfewerjobs?Andhowcanmostoftheworld’speoplekeeplocalculturesaliveifmostofthemareonlyconnectedtobroadbandandoutsidemediainonelanguage?A.Thedigitaldividewillsoondisappearcompletely.B.Itfocusesonsharingtechnology,careandeducation.C.CentralAfricaandthePacifichaverelativelyveryfew.D.Therearestillmanyquestionsabouttheinformationage.E.Informationisflowingaroundtheworldeveryhourofeveryday.F.Whatabouttheimpactofinformationondifferentaspectsoflife?G.Butcaneverybodyintheworldsharetherecenttechnologicaladvances?【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.B20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕信息时代展开，探讨了信息的重要性、信息传播带来的影响、全球存在的“数字鸿沟”现象、联合国为缩小数字鸿沟所做的努力，以及信息时代引发的诸多问题和思考。【16题详解】上文“Onceuponatimesocietieswereorganizedaroundreligion,thenaroundindustry.Butsomethingelseisbecomingmoreimportantintoday’sworld:information.(曾几何时，社会是围绕宗教组织的，然后是围绕工业组织的。但在当今世界，另一种东西正变得越来越重要：信息)”提到如今信息变得更重要，下文“Andthetechnologythatweusetodothisiscalledinformation—hournews,e-commerce,internationalcommunication,mobilephones,globalpositioningsystems.(我们用来做这件事的技术被称为信息小时新闻，电子商务，国际交流，移动电话，全球定位系统)”说明了我们传递信息的方式，E选项“Informationisflowingaroundtheworldeveryhourofeveryday.(信息每时每刻都在世界各地流动)”进一步阐述了信息在当前世界的情况，与前文强调信息的重要性以及后文提到的信息传递技术相呼应，说明信息处于不断流动状态，符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】后文“Billionsofpeoplecannotreadthosewordsbecausetheydonothaveaccesstoacomputer.Theydon’tunderstandEnglisheither—thelanguagethataroundhalfoftheinformationontheInternetiswrittenin.Theydon’tevenhaveatelephone.(数十亿人无法阅读这些文字，因为他们没有电脑。他们也不懂英语——互联网上大约一半的信息都是用英语写的。他们甚至没有电话)”指出数十亿人因没有电脑、不懂英语甚至没有电话，无法获取信息，对他们来说信息并非首要之事。G选项“Butcaneverybodyintheworldsharetherecenttechnologicaladvances?(但是世界上每个人都能分享最近的技术进步吗？)”起到了承上启下的过渡作用，引出后文关于并非所有人都能受益于信息技术的论述。故选G。【18题详解】空前“Thecontrastbetweencountriesthathaveinformationtechnologyandthosethatdon’tiscalledthe“digitaldivide”.ScandinaviaandSouthEastAsiahaveahighnumberofpeoplewhouseInformationandCommunicationtechnologies.(拥有信息技术的国家和没有信息技术的国家之间的对比被称为“数字鸿沟”。斯堪的纳维亚和东南亚有很多人使用信息和通信技术)”提到“数字鸿沟”和“斯堪的纳维亚半岛和东南亚使用信息和通信技术的人数众多”。C选项“CentralAfricaandthePacifichaverelativelyveryfew.(中非和太平洋地区相对较少)”与前文形成对比，通过列举中非和太平洋地区使用信息技术人数少的情况，进一步说明了“数字鸿沟”的存在，符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】空前“TheUnitedNationsistryingtomaketheinformationsocietyarealityformoreoftheworld’sdevelopingworld.(联合国正努力使信息社会成为世界上更多发展中国家的现实)”提到联合国正努力让信息社会在世界上更多发展中地区成为现实，后文“Itwantstoseerichcountriessharetheirtechnologyandknowledgetopoorernations.(它希望看到富裕国家向贫穷国家分享他们的技术和知识)”之处联合国希望看到富裕国家与贫穷国家分享技术和知识。B选项“Itfocusesonsharingtechnology,careandeducation.(它专注于分享技术、关怀和教育)”中“sharingtechnology”与后文“richcountriessharetheirtechnologyandknowledgetopoorernations”相呼应，说明了联合国努力的方向。故选B。【20题详解】空后“Informationispower,sowhowillpeopleshareit?Doesn’tmoreinformationmeanfewerjobs?Andhowcanmostoftheworld’speoplekeeplocalculturesaliveifmostofthemareonlyconnectedtobroadbandandoutsidemediainonelanguage?(信息就是力量，那么谁来分享呢？更多的信息不就意味着更少的工作吗？如果世界上大多数人只用一种语言连接宽带和外部媒体，他们又如何保持当地文化的活力呢？)”列举了一些问题，D选项“Therearestillmanyquestionsabouttheinformationage.(关于信息时代仍有许多问题)”直接引出了后文关于信息时代的一系列疑问，起到了总领下文的作用。故选D。第二部分：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Havingeasedmywayintotheparkinglot,Ilookedthroughthecrowd,butcouldn’tfindthe____21____face.Itookadeepbreathandtriedtocontrolmyanxiety.“It’sbeentoolong,andI’vegonethisfar,”I____22____myself,shuttingofftheengine.AsIapproachedtherestaurant,____23____withTeresacamerushingback.Wehadbeenclose____24____forages.Ahugedisagreement,however,causedusto____25____.Ioftenthoughtofreachingouttoher,butthenIwouldthink,“Ifshe____26____,whywouldn’tshegetintouchwithme?”ItwasTeresa’sbirthdayamonthbefore,andthat____27____metolookforheronsocialmedia.Shehadacommonname,butI____28____foundherphoto,withsignaturebroadsmile.I____29____her,sayinghowmuchI’dmissedheroverthepastdecade...Finally,Isuggestedmeetingup.WhenIdidn’thearback,Ifiguredshehadsomething____30____inmind.Butthenshefinallyreachedout,andwe____31____thislunch.Aftermythirdcupofcoffee,I____32____myselftothefactthatTeresawasn’tcoming.Nocall,nomessage—maybeitwastoolateto____33____thefriendship.JustasIwaspayingthebill,Teresaappeared,apologizingforher____34____andtheradiosilence.I____35____hermidway,“It’sokay.I’mjustgladyou’rehere!”Wehuggedeachothertightly.Itwassonicetobebackintouch.IfIhadn’ttakenthatleapoffaith,Iwouldhavemissedoutonawonderfulfriendship.21.A.sincere B.familiar C.honest D.cheerful22.A.challenged B.forgave C.awakened D.convinced23.A.memories B.secrets C.promises D.lessons24.A.neighbors B.roommates C.friends D.partners25.A.breakdown B.breakup C.breakoff D.breakout26.A.sighted B.declined C.cared D.hesitated27.A.advised B.persuaded C.permitted D.pushed28.A.eventually B.technically C.obviously D.accidentally29.A.blamed B.admired C.followed D.messaged30.A.specific B.particular C.different D.urgent31.A.served B.arranged C.shared D.celebrated32.A.resigned B.adjusted C.contained D.defended33.A.establish B.examine C.expand D.repair34.A.rudeness B.lateness C.loneliness D.sadness35.A.praised B.inspired C.stopped D.informed【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.D28.A29.D30.C31.B32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者与Teresa因分歧断联，借其生日联系并安排见面，久等后她迟到而作者却选择原谅，感慨重拾友谊的美好。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我缓缓驶入停车场，在人群中张望，却找不到那张熟悉的面孔。A.sincere真诚的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.honest诚实的；D.cheerful愉快的。根据下文“AsIapproachedtherestaurant,3withTeresacamerushingback.Wehadbeenclose4forages.”可知，作者与Teresa曾是多年好友，此次是寻找许久未见的她，朋友的面孔应是熟悉的，familiar符合“过往亲密关系带来的熟悉感”这一语境。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“已经过去太久了，我都走到这一步了，”我说服自己，然后关掉了引擎。A.challenged挑战；B.forgave原谅；C.awakened唤醒；D.convinced说服。根据上文“Itookadeepbreathandtriedtocontrolmyanxiety”可知，作者当时内心焦虑，引号内的内容是作者在给自己打气、打消顾虑，目的是“说服自己坚持赴约”，convinced体现“自我劝服以克服情绪”的动作。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走近餐厅时，关于Teresa的回忆涌上心头。A.memories回忆；B.secrets秘密；C.promises承诺；D.lessons教训。根据下文“Wehadbeenclose4forages.Ahugedisagreement,however,causedusto5.”可知，作者开始回想与Teresa过去的交往经历，这些都是过往的回忆，memories是对后文“过往情谊与矛盾”的概括。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们曾经是多年的亲密朋友。A.neighbors邻居；B.roommates室友；C.friends朋友；D.partners伙伴。根据最后一段中“IfIhadn’ttakenthatleapoffaith,Iwouldhavemissedoutonawonderfulfriendship”可知，作者与Teresa是朋友关系，friendship是friends的同根词复现，明确二者的关系属性。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，一场严重的分歧导致我们断绝了往来。A.breakdown（机器）出故障、（情绪）崩溃；B.breakup结束（关系）；C.breakoff中断（联系）；D.breakout（战争、疾病）爆发。根据上文“Ahugedisagreement”以及语境可知，这里指作者与Teresa因分歧结束多年好友关系；breakoff更侧重“临时中断联系”，而文中二人断联多年，breakup更能体现“关系彻底结束”的状态，贴合语境。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我常常想联系她，但接着又会想：“如果她在乎（我），为什么不主动联系我呢？”A.sighted看见；B.declined拒绝；C.cared在乎；D.hesitated犹豫。根据下文“whywouldn’tshegetintouchwithme?”以及语境可知，这里指作者认为如果Teresa在乎，应该会主动联系作者。cared符合“判断对方对关系态度”的逻辑，也是作者犹豫不联系的心理依据。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个月前是Teresa的生日，这促使我在社交媒体上寻找她。A.advised建议；B.persuaded说服；C.permitted允许；D.pushed推动、促使。根据上文“ItwasTeresa’sbirthdayamonthbefore”以及语境可知，“生日”是触发作者寻找Teresa的契机，推动作者采取行动，pushed侧重“外部因素促使某人做某事”，符合“借生日为由主动寻找”的语境。故选D项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的名字很常见，但我最终还是找到了她的照片，照片里她面带标志性的灿烂笑容。A.eventually最终；B.technically技术上；C.obviously明显地；D.accidentally偶然地。根据上文“Shehadacommonname”可知，寻找过程存在难度，but表转折，说明尽管有困难，作者还是“经过努力后最终找到”，eventually体现“克服困难后的结果”，与“名字常见”的背景形成对比。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给她发了消息，说过去十年里我有多想念她……最后，我提议见面。A.blamed责怪；B.admired钦佩；C.followed跟随；D.messaged发消息。根据上文“onsocialmedia”可知，作者是在社交媒体上找到Teresa，后续“表达思念、提议见面”需通过“发消息”实现，messaged符合“线上沟通”的场景。故选D项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我没收到回复时，我以为她有别的想法。A.specific具体的；B.particular特别的；C.different不同的；D.urgent紧急的。根据上文“WhenIdidn’thearback”可知，作者提议见面却未获回复，所以推测Teresa可能对“见面”持不同态度（如不愿见面）；differentinmind表“想法不同”，贴合“对见面提议无回应”的语境，更符合