2026年江苏省人教版七年级英语下册语法专项训练习题

2026年江苏省人教版七年级英语下册语法专项训练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据语境，选择合适的词填空：Mysister_______swimmingeverySundaybecauseshelikesthewaterverymuch.A.gotoB.goestoC.goesD.go解析：本题考查一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。主语为“Mysister”，是第三人称单数，动词需加“-s”。选项A和D主谓不一致，排除；选项C缺少助动词，错误；选项B符合语法规则，故选B。2.选择正确的时态填空：Theboy_______abookinthelibrarynow.A.readB.readsC.isreadingD.arereading解析：本题考查现在进行时。根据“now”可知，描述正在发生的动作，需用现在进行时“be+doing”。选项A和B为一般现在时，不符合语境；选项D主谓不一致，错误；选项C正确，故选C。3.选择合适的介词填空：Sheisgoodat_______English,butshedoesn’tlike_______math.A.speak,doB.speaking,doingC.tospeak,doD.speaks,does解析：本题考查固定搭配。“begoodat+doingsth”表示擅长做某事；“like+doingsth”表示喜欢做某事。选项A和D动词形式错误；选项C搭配不当；选项B符合语法，故选B。4.选择正确的反义疑问句形式：Theyoftenplaybasketball,_______?A.dotheyB.don’ttheyC.aren’ttheyD.aren’tthey解析：本题考查反义疑问句。前句肯定，反义疑问句用“do/does/did+主语”。主语为“They”，用“do”，故选A。5.选择合适的形容词填空：Thisisthe_______bookIhaveeverread.A.interestB.interestingC.interestedD.interests解析：本题考查形容词最高级。“the+形容词最高级+比较范围”表示“最……”。空格处需填形容词，且为最高级。选项A和D为名词；选项C为过去分词，错误；选项B正确，故选B。6.选择合适的时态填空：Myfather_______toworkbycareverydaylastyear.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going解析：本题考查一般过去时。根据“lastyear”可知，描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时。选项A和D时态错误；选项B为一般现在时；选项C正确，故选C。7.选择合适的词填空：Thestudentsarelookingforwardto_______atripnextmonth.A.haveB.havingC.hasD.tohave解析：本题考查固定搭配。“lookforwardto+doingsth”表示期待做某事。空格处需填动名词。选项A和C动词形式错误；选项D搭配不当；选项B正确，故选B。8.选择正确的时态填空：She_______already_______herhomeworkwhenIcalledherlastnight.A.finish,didB.finished,didC.finished,wasdoingD.wasfinishing,did解析：本题考查过去进行时。根据“whenIcalledher”可知，第二个动作发生在过去，且为进行时。选项A和B为一般过去时，不符合语境；选项D第一个动作时态错误；选项C正确，故选C。9.选择合适的词填空：Mybrother_______never_______hisroom,soitisalwaysmessy.A.clean,cleanB.cleans,cleansC.doesn’tclean,cleanD.doesn’tclean,cleans解析：本题考查一般现在时的否定形式。主语为“Mybrother”，是第三人称单数，否定句需用“doesn’t+动词原形”。选项A和D动词形式错误；选项B时态错误；选项C正确，故选C。10.选择合适的词填空：Theteacheraskedus_______quietlyintheclassroom.A.tositB.sitC.tosittingD.sitting解析：本题考查动词不定式。动词ask后跟不定式作宾语补足语。选项B和D缺少to；选项C搭配不当；选项A正确，故选A。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Myparentsoften_______(go)totheparkonweekends.解析：一般现在时，主语为“Myparents”，用“go”。2.Sheis_______(interest)indrawingbecauseshewantstobeanartist.解析：现在分词作表语，表示“对……感兴趣的”。3.Thestudents_______(watch)amovieinthecinemalastnight.解析：一般过去时，主语为“Thestudents”，用“watched”。4.Weare_______(have)apartynextSaturday,andyouareinvited.解析：现在进行时，描述即将发生的计划。5.Mysister_______(notlike)eatingvegetables,butsheeatsthembecausetheyarehealthy.解析：一般现在时否定形式，主语为“Mysister”，用“doesn’tlike”。6.Theboy_______(play)basketballintheplaygroundnow.解析：现在进行时，描述正在发生的动作。7.They_______(go)tothelibraryeveryTuesdaytoborrowbooks.解析：一般现在时，主语为“They”，用“go”。8.Mymotheraskedme_______(do)myhomeworkbeforewatchingTV.解析：ask后跟不定式作宾语补足语。9.Thegirlis_______(wait)forherfriendatthebusstop.解析：现在进行时，描述正在发生的动作。10.I_______(notgo)toschoolyesterdaybecauseIwassick.解析：一般过去时否定形式，主语为“I”，用“didn’tgo”。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Shegoestoschoolbybikeeveryday.(×)解析：时态错误，应为一般现在时“goes”。2.Theyareplayingfootballintheparknow.(√)解析：现在进行时正确，描述正在发生的动作。3.Myfatherdoesn’tlikewatchingTV,buthewatchesitsometimes.(√)解析：一般现在时否定形式正确，但后半句时态需统一为一般现在时“watches”。4.Thestudentswenttothemuseumlastweekend.(√)解析：一般过去时正确，描述过去发生的动作。5.Sheisinterestedinsingsbecauseshewantstobeasinger.(×)解析：固定搭配错误，应为“interestedinsinging”。6.Mybrothercleanshisroomeveryday.(√)解析：一般现在时正确，主语为第三人称单数，动词加“-s”。7.TheyarenotgotothezoonextSunday.(×)解析：be动词后跟动词原形，应为“arenotgoing”。8.Thegirliswaitforhermotheratthedoor.(×)解析：现在进行时错误，应为“iswaiting”。9.Mymotheraskedmetodomyhomeworklastnight.(√)解析：ask后跟不定式作宾语补足语，正确。10.Theboygotoschoollateyesterday.(×)解析：一般过去时错误，应为“went”。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Howoftendoyouplaybasketball?解析：一般现在时频率副词，如“everyday”“sometimes”“never”。2.Whatareyoudoingnow?解析：现在进行时，描述正在发生的动作，如“Iamstudying”“Theyareeating”。3.WhydoesshelikeEnglish?解析：原因状语从句，如“becauseshethinksitisinteresting”“becauseshewantstobeanEnglishteacher”。4.Whendidyourfathergotobedlastnight?解析：一般过去时，询问过去时间，如“at10p.m.”“afterdinner”。5.Whatdidyoudoyesterdayafternoon?解析：一般过去时，描述过去发生的动作，如“IwatchedTV”“Iwentshopping”。6.Howdoyougotoschool?解析：方式状语从句，如“bybus”“onfoot”“bycar”。7.Whoisthatgirl?解析：一般现在时，询问人物，如“Sheismysister”“Sheisastudent”。8.Whattimedoyouusuallygetup?解析：一般现在时，询问日常时间，如“at6a.m.”“at7a.m.”。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.根据提示写句子：Myfriendlikesreadingbooks.Sheoftenreadstheminthelibrary.答：Myfriendlikesreadingbooks,sosheoftenreadstheminthelibrary.2.根据提示写句子：Theywenttotheparkyesterday.Theyplayedfootballthere.答：Theywenttotheparkyesterdayandplayedfootballthere.3.根据提示写句子：Mysisterisastudent.Shestudieshardeveryday.答：Mysisterisastudent,andshestudieshardeveryday.4.根据提示写句子：Hedoesn’tlikewatchingTV.Heprefersreadingbooks.答：Hedoesn’tlikewatchingTVbecauseheprefersreadingbooks.5.根据提示写句子：Thegirliswaitingforherfriend.Shewillgotothecinemawithher.答：Thegirliswaitingforherfriendbecauseshewillgotothecinemawithher.6.根据提示写句子：Theyareplayingbasketballnow.Theyareveryhappy.答：Theyareplayingbasketballnow,andtheyareveryhappy.六、案例分析（每题2分，共18分）1.阅读案例：Tomisa13-year-oldstudent.Hegoestoschooleveryday.Helikesplayingfootballafterschool.Hedoesn’tlikemathbecauseitisdifficult.Hisfatherisadoctor,andhismotherisateacher.Theyareverybusy,soTomoftenhelpsthemwithhousework.问题：WhatdoesTomdoafterschool?答：Heplaysfootball.2.阅读案例：Lilyisastudent.SheisinClass7,Grade1.ShelikesEnglishbecauseshewantstobeanEnglishteacher.Shestudieshardeveryday.Shegoestobedat9p.m.everynight.Shewakesupat6a.m.everymorning.问题：WhattimedoesLilywakeup?答：At6a.m.3.阅读案例：MynameisJack.Iam14yearsold.Iamastudent.Igotoschoolbybikeeveryday.Ilikeplayingbasketballwithmyfriendsafterschool.Idon’tlikeswimmingbecauseIamafraidofwater.问题：HowdoesJackgotoschool?答：Bybike.4.阅读案例：Thegirliswaitingforhermotheratthebusstop.Sheislatetoday.Hermotherworksinafactory,andsheusuallycomeshomeat5p.m.Thegirlishungrybecauseshedidn’teatbreakfastthismorning.问题：Whyisthegirlhungry?答：Becauseshedidn’teatbreakfastthismorning.5.阅读案例：Mybrotherisastudent.HeisinClass8,Grade2.Helikessciencebecauseitisinteresting.Hedoesexperimentsinthelabeveryweek.Hedoesn’tlikehistorybecausehethinksitisboring.问题：Whatdoesmybrotherlike?答：Helikesscience.6.阅读案例：ThefamilywenttothezoolastSunday.Theysawmanyanimals.Theboylikedthemonkeysbecausetheywerefunny.Thegirllikedtheelephantsbecausetheywerebig.Thefatherlikedthelionsbecausetheywerestrong.Themotherlikedthebirdsbecausetheywerebeautiful.问题：Whatdidthefamilyseeatthezoo?答：Theysawmanyanimals.7.阅读案例：Tomisastudent.Heis13yearsold.Hegoestoschooleveryday.Helikesplayingfootballafterschool.Hedoesn’tlikemathbecauseitisdifficult.Hisfatherisadoctor,andhismotherisateacher.Theyareverybusy,soTomoftenhelpsthemwithhousework.问题：WhatdoesTom’sfatherdo?答：Heisadoctor.8.阅读案例：Lilyisastudent.SheisinClass7,Grade1.ShelikesEnglishbecauseshewantstobeanEnglishteacher.Shestudieshardeveryday.Shegoestobedat9p.m.everynight.Shewakesupat6a.m.everymorning.问题：WhatdoesLilywanttobe?答：AnEnglishteacher.9.阅读案例：MynameisJack.Iam14yearsold.Iamastudent.Igotoschoolbybikeeveryday.Ilikeplayingbasketballwithmyfriendsafterschool.Idon’tlikeswimmingbecauseIamafraidofwater.问题：WhatdoesJackdoafterschool?答：Heplaysbasketball.七、论述题（每题2分，共22分）1.Howdoyouspendyourweekend?答：Iusuallyspendmyweekendstudyinganddoinghomework.SometimesIgotothelibrarytoreadbooks.Onweekends,Ialsospendtimewithmyfamily.Wewatchmoviesorplaygamestogether.Ithinkspendingtimewithfamilyisveryimportant.2.WhydoyoulikeEnglish?答：IlikeEnglishbecauseitisuseful.Ithelpsmecommunicatewithpeoplefromothercountries.IalsolikeEnglishbecauseitisinteresting.Ienjoylearningnewwordsandphrases.Inaddition,IwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture,soIstudyhardeveryday.3.Whatdoyouthinkofyourfriend?答：Myfriendisverykindandhelpful.Healwayshelpsmewithmystudies.Heisalsoveryfunny,andhemakesmelaugheveryday.Weoftenplaysportstogetherafterschool.Ithinkheisagreatfriend.4.HowdoyouimproveyourEnglish?答：ToimprovemyEnglish,IreadEnglishbookseveryday.IalsowatchEnglishmoviesandlistentoEnglishsongs.Ipracticespeakingwithmyclassmates.Inaddition,IattendEnglishclassestolearnmoregrammarandvocabulary.Ithinkpracticemakesperfect.5.Whatdoyoudoeveryday?答：Everyday,Iwakeupat6a.m.andbrushmyteeth.Ieatbreakfastat7a.m.andgotoschoolat7:30a.m.Ihaveclassesfrom8a.m.to4:30p.m.Ieatlunchat12p.m.andgohomeat4:30p.m.Idohomeworkintheeveningandgotobedat9p.m.Ithinkitisimportanttohavearoutine.6.Whydoyouthinklearningisimportant?答：Learningisimportantbecauseithelpsusgrow.Itteachesusnewthingsandopensupnewopportunities.Italsomakesussmarterandmoreknowledgeable.Inaddition,learninghelpsusunderstandtheworldbetter.Ithinklearningisalifelongprocess.7.Whatdoyouthinkofyourteacher?答：Myteacherisverypatientandfriendly.Shealwaysexplainsthelessonsclearly.Sheisalsoverystrict,butsheisfair.Shehelpsuswithourstudiesandencouragesustodoourbest.Ithinksheisagreatteacher.8.Howdoyoudealwithdifficulties?答：WhenIfacedifficulties,Ifirsttrytosolvethembymyself.IfIcan’t,Iaskmyfriendsorteachersforhelp.Ialsotakeabreakandrelaxtoclearmymind.Ithinkitisimportanttobepositiveandnotgiveup.9.Whatdoyouthinkofyourfamily?答：Myfamilyisverylovingandsupportive.Theyalwayscareaboutmeandhelpmewithmyproblems.Wespendtimetogethereveryday,andwehavealotoffun.Ithinkmyfamilyisthemostimportantthinginmylife.10.Howdoyouspendyourfreetime?答：Inmyfreetime,Ilikereadingbooks,watchingmovies,andplayingsports.Ialsospendtimewithmyfriends.Wegotothepark,playgames,orjustchat.Ithinkitisimportanttorelaxandhavefun.11.Whatdoyouthinkofyourschool?答：Myschoolisverygood.Ithasabeautifulcampusandgreatteachers.Wehavemanyclasses,andwelearnalotofsubjects.Ialsoliketheschoolactivities,suchassportsmeetsandculturalfestivals.Ithinkmyschoolisagreatplacetostudy.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.C3.B4.A5.B6.C7.B8.C9.C10.A解析：1.主语为第三人称单数，动词需加“-s”；2.现在进行时描述正在发生的动作；3.“begoodat+doingsth”“like+doingsth”；4.反义疑问句用“do/does+主语”；5.“the+形容词最高级+比较范围”；6.一般过去时描述过去发生的动作；7.现在进行时描述即将发生的计划；8.一般现在时否定形式；9.现在进行时描述正在发生的动作；10.ask后跟不定式作宾语补足语。二、填空题1.go2.interesting3.watched4.having5.doesn’tlike6.isplaying7.go8.todo9.iswaiting10.didn’tgo解析：1.一般现在时，主语为复数；2.现在分词作表语；3.一般过去时，主语为复数；4.现在进行时描述即将发生的计划；5.一般现在时否定形式；6.现在进行时描述正在发生的动作；7.一般现在时，主语为复数；8.ask后跟不定式作宾语补足语；9.现在进行时描述正在发生的动作；10.一般过去时否定形式。三、判断题1.×2.√3.√4.√5.×6.√7.×8.×9.√10.×解析：1.时态错误，应为一般现在时“goes”；2.现在进行时正确；3.一般现在时否定形式正确；4.一般过去时正确；5.固定搭配错误，应为“interestedinsinging”；6.一般现在时正确；7.be动词后跟动词原形，应为“arenotgoing”；8.现在进行时错误，应为“iswaiting”；9.ask后跟不定式作宾语补足语；10.一般过去时错误，应为“went”。四、简答题1.everyday/sometimes/never解析：一般现在时频率副词，根据个人习惯回答。2.Iamstudying/Theyareeating解析：现在进行时描述正在发生的动作，根据实际情况回答。3.becauseshethinksitisinteresting/becauseshewantstobeanEnglishteacher解析：原因状语从句，根据个人想法回答。4.at10p.m./afterdinner解析：一般过去时，询问过去时间，根据个人习惯回答。5.IwatchedTV/Iwentshopping解析：一般过去时，描述过去发生的动作，根据实际情况回答。6.bybus/onfoot/bycar解析：方式状语从句，根据个人习惯回答。7.sheismysister/sheisastudent解析：一般现在时，询问人物，根据实际情况回答。8.at6a.m./at7a.m.解析：一般现在时，询问日常时间，根据个人习惯回答。五、应用题1.Myfriendlikesreadingbooks,sosheoftenreadstheminthelibrary.解析：so连接两个句子，表示因果关系。2.Theywenttotheparkyesterdayandplayedfootballthere.解析：and连接两个句子，表示并列关系。3.Mysisterisastudent,andshestudieshardeveryday.解析：and连接两个句子，表示并列关系。4.Hedoesn’tlikewatchingTVbecauseheprefersreadingbooks.解析：because连接两个句子，表示原因。5.Thegirliswaitingforherfriendbecauseshewillgotothecinemawithher.解析：because连接两个句子，表示原因。6.Theyareplayingbasketballnow,andtheyareveryhappy.解析：and连接两个句子，表示并列关系。六、案例分析1.Heplaysfootball.解析：根据案例第二句“Afterschool,helikesplayingfootball.”可知。2.At6a.m.解析：根据案例第六句“Shewakesupat6a.m.everymorning.”可知。3.Bybike解析：根据案例第三句“Igotoschoolbybikeeveryday.”可知。4.Becauseshedidn’teatbreakfastthismorning.解析：根据案例第四句“Sheishungrybecauseshedidn’teatbreakfastthismorning.”可知。5.Helikesscience.解析：根据案例第三句“Helikessciencebecauseitisinteresting.”可知。6.Theysawmanyanimals.解析：根据案例第二句“Theysawmanyanimalsatthezoo.”可知。7.Heisadoctor.解析：根据案例第四句“Myfatherisadoctor.”可知。8.AnEnglishteacher.解析：根据案例第三句“ShewantstobeanEnglishteacher.”可知。9.Heplaysbasketball.解析：根据案例第三句“Helikesplayingbasketballwithhisfriendsafterschool.”可知。七、论述题1.Iusuallyspendmyweekendstudyinganddoinghomework.SometimesIgotothelibrarytoreadbooks.Onweekends,Ialsospendtimewithmyfamily.Wewatchmoviesorplaygamestogether.Ithinkspendingtimewithfamilyisveryimportant.解析：根据个人习惯回答，并说明原因。2.IlikeEnglishbecauseitisuseful.Ithelpsmecommunicatewithpeoplefromothercountries.IalsolikeEnglishbecauseitisinteresting.Ienjoylearningnewwordsandphrases.Inaddition,IwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture,soIstudyhardeveryday.解析：根据个人想法回答，并说明原因。3.Myfriendisverykindandhelpful.Healwayshelpsmewithmystudies.Heisalsoveryfunny,andhemakesmelaugheveryday.Weoftenplaysportstogetherafterschool.Ithinkheisagreatfriend.解析：根据个人想法回答，并说明原因。4.ToimprovemyEnglish,IreadEnglishbookseveryday.IalsowatchEnglishmoviesandlistentoEnglishsongs.Ipracticespeakingwithmyclassmates.Inaddition,IattendEnglishclassestolearnmoregrammarandvocabulary.Ithinkpracticemakesperfect.解析：根据个人方法回答，并说明原因。5.Everyday,Iwakeupat6a.m.andbrushmyteeth.Ieatbreakfastat7a.m.andgotoschoolat7:30a.m.Ihavecl