2026年江苏省苏教版初中八年级英语下册第8章同步练习题及答案

2026年江苏省苏教版初中八年级英语下册第8章同步练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年江苏省苏教版初中八年级英语下册第8章同步练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoestheword"breeze"meaninthesentence"Agentlebreezeblewthroughthetrees"?A.windB.stormC.rainD.snow参考答案：A2.WhichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytoaskforthetimeinEnglish?A.Whattimeisitnow?B.Howmanytimeisit?C.Whattimedoyouhave?D.Howtimeisit?参考答案：A3.Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,"whatisthefunctionof"abook"?A.subjectB.verbC.objectD.predicate参考答案：C4.Whatisthepasttenseformoftheverb"togo"?A.goB.wentC.goingD.gone参考答案：B5.Whichwordisasynonymfor"happy"?A.sadB.angryC.joyfulD.tired参考答案：C6.Howdoyouspellthewordthatmeans"teacher"?A.teacharB.tearcherC.teacherD.techer参考答案：C7.Whatisthecorrectwaytosay"Iamgoingtothestore"inthefuturetense?A.Iwillgotothestore.B.Iamgoingtothestore.C.Igotothestore.D.Iwillbegoingtothestore.参考答案：A8.Whichsentenceisusingthepresentcontinuoustense?A.Shereadsabookeveryday.B.Heisplayingfootballnow.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework.D.Wewillgototheparktomorrow.参考答案：B9.Whatisthepluralformof"child"?A.childsB.childesC.childrenD.child参考答案：C10.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihaveeatenbreakfast.B.Ieatbreakfast.C.Iatebreakfast.D.Iameatingbreakfast.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theboyoftenplaysfootball______theparkeveryafternoon.参考答案：in2.Mysisterisgoodatsingingandsheoftenperforms______herclassmates.参考答案：for3.WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextmonth,______?参考答案：isn't4.Ifit______finetomorrow,wewillgohiking.参考答案：is5.Theteacheraskedus______wehadfinishedourhomework.参考答案：if6.Sheisinterestedincollectingstamps.Shespendsalotoftime______them.参考答案：collecting7.Look!Thechildrenareplayinghappily______theplayground.参考答案：on8.Canyoutellme______timeitisnow?参考答案：what9.It'simportanttokeepagoodhabit.Weshouldstudy______wecan.参考答案：hard10.Myfatheroftendrivestowork,buthepreferstogobybike______hethinksit'sgoodforhealth.参考答案：because三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.The8thchapterinthejuniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookfocusesonthetopicof"TravelandAdventure."参考答案：×2.Intheunit,studentslearnhowtoaskforandgivedirectionsusingEnglish.参考答案：√3.Thechapterincludesgrammarpointssuchasthepresentcontinuoustenseandtheuseof"begoingto"forfutureplans.参考答案：√4.Studentsareexpectedtobeabletowriteashortparagraphabouttheirdreamvacation.参考答案：√5.Theunitdoesnotincludeanyvocabularyrelatedtotravel.参考答案：×6.Thechapteremphasizestheimportanceofusingpolitelanguagewhenmakingrequests.参考答案：√7.Studentswilllearnhowtousethepastsimpletensetotalkaboutcompletedtrips.参考答案：×8.Theunitincludesareadingpassageaboutafamoustraveldestination.参考答案：√9.Thereisnolisteningcomponentinthe8thchapter.参考答案：×10.Thechapterconcludeswithawritingactivitywherestudentsdescribetheirfavoriteplacetotravel.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Whatarethemainfunctionsofthenervoussystem?参考答案：Thenervoussystemcontrolsandcoordinatesthebody'sactivitiesbytransmittingsignalsbetweendifferentpartsofthebody.Itincludesthebrain,spinalcord,andnerves.2.Describetheprocessofphotosynthesisinplants.参考答案：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsusesunlight,carbondioxide,andwatertoproduceglucoseandoxygen.Itoccursinthechloroplasts,primarilyinleaves.3.HowdoestheEarth'satmosphereprotectusfromharmfulsolarradiation?参考答案：TheEarth'satmosphereprotectsusfromharmfulsolarradiationbyabsorbingandblockingultraviolet(UV)rays.Theozonelayer,locatedinthestratosphere,isparticularlyimportantinthisprocess.4.Listthreemajordifferencesbetweenmitosisandmeiosis.参考答案：①Mitosisresultsintwoidenticaldaughtercells,whilemeiosisresultsinfourgeneticallydiversedaughtercells.②MitosisinvolvesoneroundofDNAreplicationandcelldivision,whilemeiosisinvolvestworounds.③Mitosisisusedforgrowthandrepair,whilemeiosisisusedforsexualreproduction.5.Explaintheroleofenzymesinbiologicalreactions.参考答案：Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinlivingorganisms.Theyareproteinsthatlowertheactivationenergyrequiredforreactionstooccur.6.WhatisthesignificanceofthegreenhouseeffectonEarth'sclimate?参考答案：ThegreenhouseeffectissignificantbecauseithelpsmaintainEarth'stemperature,makingtheplanethabitable.However,excessivegreenhousegasescanleadtoglobalwarmingandclimatechange.7.Describethewatercycleanditsimportancefortheenvironment.参考答案：Thewatercycleinvolvesthecontinuousmovementofwateron,above,andbelowthesurfaceoftheEarth.Itincludesprocessessuchasevaporation,condensation,precipitation,andcollection.Thewatercycleisimportantfordistributingwaterresourcesandsupportingecosystems.8.Howdofishadapttolivinginaquaticenvironments?参考答案：Fishadapttoaquaticenvironmentsthroughfeatureslikegillsforbreathingunderwater,streamlinedbodiesforefficientmovement,andfinsforswimming.Theyalsohaveadaptationsforsensingtheirenvironment,suchaslaterallines.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）TheschoolscienceclubisplanningaspecialeventtocelebrateEarthDay.Theydecidedtoorganizeatree-plantingactivityintheschoolgarden.TheeventwilltakeplaceonSaturday,April22nd,from9:00AMto12:00PM.Allstudentsareencouragedtoparticipate.Volunteerswillhelpdigholes,plantseedlings,andwaterthenewtrees.Theclubisalsoarrangingasmallworkshoptoteachstudentsabouttheimportanceoftreesfortheenvironment.Refreshmentswillbeprovided.Ifyouareinterestedinjoining,pleasesignupintheschoolofficebyApril15th.Let'smakeadifferenceforourplanet!1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheevent?A.Tohaveapicnicintheschoolgarden.B.TocelebrateEarthDaybyplantingtrees.C.Toteachstudentsaboutscienceexperiments.D.Toarrangeaworkshopforstudents.参考答案：B2.Whenandwherewilltheeventtakeplace?A.OnSunday,April22nd,intheschooloffice.B.OnSaturday,April15th,intheschoolgarden.C.OnSaturday,April22nd,from9:00AMto12:00PMintheschoolgarden.D.OnSaturday,April22nd,from3:00PMto6:00PMintheschooloffice.参考答案：C3.Whoisencouragedtoparticipateintheevent?A.Onlystudentsfromthescienceclub.B.Onlystudentsfromtheeighthgrade.C.Allstudentsintheschool.D.Onlyteachersandstaff.参考答案：C4.Whatactivitieswillvolunteershelpwith?A.Diggingholes,plantingseedlings,andwateringtrees.B.Cookingrefreshmentsandcleaningthegarden.C.Givingsciencelecturesandorganizinggames.D.Paintingtheschoolbuildingsanddecoratingthegarden.参考答案：A5.Willrefreshmentsbeprovidedattheevent?A.No,therewillbenorefreshments.B.Yes,refreshmentswillbeprovided.C.Onlyfortheteachers,notforthestudents.D.Onlyforthevolunteers,notforthestudents.参考答案：B6.Whenshouldstudentssignupiftheywanttojoin?A.Onthedayoftheevent.B.ByApril15th.C.ByApril22nd.D.Thereisnoneedtosignup.参考答案：B7.Whatwilltheworkshopteachstudentsabout?A.ThehistoryofEarthDay.B.Theimportanceoftreesfortheenvironment.C.Howtodigholesandplanttrees.D.Thetypesofseedlingstoplant.参考答案：B8.Whatisthekeymessageoftheevent?A.Let'shavefunintheschoolgarden.B.Let'smakeadifferenceforourplanet.C.Let'slearnaboutscienceexperiments.D.Let'scelebratethescienceclub.参考答案：B标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：A解析：Theword"breeze"inthesentence"Agentlebreezeblewthroughthetrees"means"wind."Theotheroptions(storm,rain,snow)areincorrectastheydonotfitthecontextofagentle,naturalphenomenonmovingthroughtrees.OptionAisthecorrectsynonym.2.参考答案：A解析：ThecorrectwaytoaskforthetimeinEnglishis"Whattimeisitnow?"TheotheroptionsaregrammaticallyincorrectornotstandardEnglishexpressions.OptionAisthestandardandnaturalwaytoaskforthecurrenttime.3.参考答案：C解析：Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""abook"istheobjectoftheverb"isreading."Thesubjectis"She,"theverbis"isreading,"and"abook"iswhatsheisreading.OptionCcorrectlyidentifies"abook"astheobject.4.参考答案：B解析：Thepasttenseformoftheverb"togo"is"went."Theotheroptions(go,going,gone)areeitherthepresenttense,presentparticiple,orpastparticipleforms,respectively.OptionBisthecorrectpasttenseform.5.参考答案：C解析：Asynonymfor"happy"is"joyful."Theotheroptions(sad,angry,tired)areantonymsorunrelatedwords.OptionCisthecorrectsynonymthatconveysasimilarmeaningto"happy."6.参考答案：C解析：Thecorrectspellingoftheword"teacher"is"teacher."Theotheroptions(teachar,tearcher,techer)aremisspelled.OptionCisthecorrectlyspelledword.7.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectwaytosay"Iamgoingtothestore"inthefuturetenseis"Iwillgotothestore."Theotheroptionsareeitherinthepresenttense,presentcontinuoustense,orfuturetensebutnotthecorrectformforexpressingafutureplan.OptionAisthecorrectfuturetenseform.8.参考答案：B解析：Thesentence"Heisplayingfootballnow"isusingthepresentcontinuoustense.Theotheroptionsareindifferenttenses:Aispresentsimple,Cispresentperfect,andDisfuturetense.OptionBisthecorrectuseofthepresentcontinuoustense.9.参考答案：C解析：Thepluralformof"child"is"children."Theotheroptions(childs,childes,child)areincorrect.OptionCisthecorrectpluralform.10.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectuseofthepresentperfecttenseis"Ihaveeatenbreakfast."Theotheroptionsareindifferenttenses:Bispresentsimple,Cispastsimple,andDispresentcontinuous.OptionAisthecorrectuseofthepresentperfecttense.二、填空题1.in解析：考查介词。根据句意“那个男孩经常在下午去公园踢足球”，表示在某个地方，应用介词in。2.for解析：考查介词。根据句意“我的姐姐擅长唱歌，她经常在同学面前表演”，表示为某人表演，应用介词for。3.isn't解析：考查反义疑问句。根据前句肯定形式WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextmonth，反义疑问句应用否定形式，且助动词与主语保持一致。4.is解析：考查条件状语从句。根据句意“如果明天天气好，我们将去远足”，if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。5.if解析：考查宾语从句。根据句意“老师问我们是否完成了作业”，asked后接宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，且根据句意应用if引导。6.collecting解析：考查动名词。根据句意“她喜欢收集邮票。她花很多时间收集它们”，spendsalotoftimedoingsth.固定搭配，doingsth.为动名词。7.on解析：考查介词。根据句意“看！孩子们正在操场上快乐地玩耍”，playground为具体场所，应用介词on。8.what解析：考查宾语从句。根据句意“你能告诉我现在几点了吗？”，tellsb.sth.固定搭配，此处缺少宾语从句的主语，应用what引导。9.hard解析：考查副词。根据句意“保持好习惯很重要。我们应该努力学习”，修饰动词study，应用副词hard。10.because解析：考查原因状语从句。根据句意“我父亲经常开车去上班，但他更喜欢骑自行车，因为他认为这对健康有益”，表示原因，应用because引导。三、判断题1.参考答案：×解析：The8thchapterinthejuniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookfocusesonthetopicof"DailyLifeandCommunication,"not"TravelandAdventure."Thechaptercoverseverydayactivitiesandhowtocommunicateinvarioussituations.2.参考答案：√解析：Intheunit,studentslearnhowtoaskforandgivedirectionsusingEnglish.Thisincludesusingphraseslike"Turnleftatthetrafficlight"and"Gostraightuntilyouseethesupermarket."3.参考答案：√解析：Thechapterincludesgrammarpointssuchasthepresentcontinuoustenseandtheuseof"begoingto"forfutureplans.Theseareessentialforexpressingongoingactionsandfutureintentions.4.参考答案：√解析：Studentsareexpectedtobeabletowriteashortparagraphabouttheirdreamvacation.Thishelpsthempracticeusingthevocabularyandgrammarlearnedintheunit.5.参考答案：×解析：Theunitincludesvocabularyrelatedtotravel,suchas"hotel,""airport,""touristattraction,"and"passport."Thisvocabularyisessentialforunderstandinganddiscussingtraveltopics.6.参考答案：√解析：Thechapteremphasizestheimportanceofusingpolitelanguagewhenmakingrequests.Phraseslike"Couldyouplease,""Wouldyoumind,"and"Thankyou"arecoveredtohelpstudentscommunicateeffectively.7.参考答案：×解析：Thechapterfocusesonthepresentcontinuoustenseandfutureplans,notthepastsimpletense.Thepastsimpletenseiscoveredinadifferentchapter.8.参考答案：√解析：Theunitincludesareadingpassageaboutafamoustraveldestination.Thishelpsstudentspracticereadingcomprehensionandlearnmoreabouttravel-relatedtopics.9.参考答案：×解析：Theunitincludesalisteningcomponentwherestudentslistentodialoguesabouttravel.ThishelpsthemimprovetheirlisteningskillsandunderstandhowtouseEnglishinreal-lifesituations.10.参考答案：×解析：Thechapterconcludeswithaspeakingactivitywherestudentsdescribetheirfavoriteplacetotravel.Thishelpsthempracticespeakingandsharetheirthoughtswiththeirclassmates.四、简答题1.参考答案：Thenervoussystemcontrolsandcoordinatesthebody'sactivitiesbytransmittingsignalsbetweendifferentpartsofthebody.Itincludesthebrain,spinalcord,andnerves.解析：Thenervoussystemisresponsibleforreceivingsensoryinput,processingit,andgeneratingresponses.Thebrainactsasthecontrolcenter,whilethespinalcordandnervesfacilitatecommunicationbetweenthebrainandtherestofthebody.Thissystemenablesfunctionssuchasmovement,thought,andfeeling.2.参考答案：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsusesunlight,carbondioxide,andwatertoproduceglucoseandoxygen.Itoccursinthechloroplasts,primarilyinleaves.解析：Duringphotosynthesis,plantsconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergystoredinglucose.Theprocessinvolvestwomainstages:thelight-dependentreactionsandtheCalvincycle.Thelight-dependentreactionscaptureenergyfromsunlight,whiletheCalvincycleusesthisenergytoconvertcarbondioxideintoglucose.Oxygenisreleasedasabyproduct.3.参考答案：TheEarth'satmosphereprotectsusfromharmfulsolarradiationbyabsorbingandblockingultraviolet(UV)rays.Theozonelayer,locatedinthestratosphere,isparticularlyimportantinthisprocess.解析：Theatmosphereactsasashield,filteringoutmostofthesun'sharmfulUVradiation.TheozonelayerspecificallyabsorbsthemostdangerousUV-BandUV-Crays,preventingthemfromreachingtheEarth'ssurfaceandcausingdamagetolivingorganisms.4.参考答案：①Mitosisresultsintwoidenticaldaughtercells,whilemeiosisresultsinfourgeneticallydiversedaughtercells.②MitosisinvolvesoneroundofDNAreplicationandcelldivision,whilemeiosisinvolvestworounds.③Mitosisisusedforgrowthandrepair,whilemeiosisisusedforsexualreproduction.解析：Mitosisandmeiosisarebothtypesofcelldivision,buttheyservedifferentpurposes.Mitosisisessentialforasexualreproductionandthegrowthandrepairoftissues,producingcellsthataregeneticallyidenticaltotheparentcell.Meiosis,ontheotherhand,iscrucialforsexualreproduction,producinggametes(spermandeggcells)withhalfthenumberofchromosomes,ensuringgeneticdiversityinoffspring.5.参考答案：Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinlivingorganisms.Theyareproteinsthatlowertheactivationenergyrequiredforreactionstooccur.解析：Enzymesplayavitalroleinvariousmetabolicprocessesbyfacilitatingreactionsthatwouldotherwisebetooslowtosustainlife.Eachenzymeisspecifictoaparticularreaction,andtheyworkbybindingtosubstratesandconvertingthemintoproducts.TheefficiencyofenzymesisinfluencedbyfactorssuchastemperatureandpH.6.参考答案：ThegreenhouseeffectissignificantbecauseithelpsmaintainEarth'stemperature,makingtheplanethabitable.However,excessivegreenhousegasescanleadtoglobalwarmingandclimatechange.解析：Thegreenhouseeffectisanaturalprocesswheregreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxide,methane,andwatervaportrapheatintheatmosphere,warmingtheEarth.Thisisessentialforlife,asitkeepstheplanetwarmerthanitwouldbeotherwise.However,humanactivitieshaveincreasedtheconcentrationofthesegases,leadingtoanenhancedgreenhouseeffectandglobalwarming.7.参考答案：Thewatercycleinvolvesthecontinuousmovementofwateron,above,andbelowthesurfaceoftheEarth.Itincludesprocessessuchasevaporation,condensation,precipitation,andcollection.Thewatercycleisimportantfordistributingwaterresourcesandsupportingecosystems.解析：Thewatercyclebeginswithevaporation,wherewaterturnsintovaporandrisesintotheatmosphere.Condensationoccurswhenthevaporcoolsandformsclouds.Precipitation,suchasrainorsnow,fallsbacktotheEarth'ssurface,andthewatercollectsinbodiesofwaterlikerivers,lakes,andoceans.Thiscyc