50分阅读理解提分练(五)

50分阅读理解提分练(五)阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2025·南京高三考前综合训练)TheMerlinRideWhatistheMerlinRide?TheMerlinRidestartsfromthevillageofCrossHands,whichis12milesfromCarmarthenattheendoftheM4,makingitaccessiblebycar.Withmultipledistancesonoffer,it'ssuitableforawiderangeofriderswhowanttoputthemselvestothetest.Whatroutesareonoffer?The90kmrouteincludesa1，100mofclimbing,althoughtobefair,almostallofitisongentlyrollingroads.Movinguptothe110kmroutemightnotseemlikemuchofanincreaseindistancebuttheextra20kmincludessomeofthetoughestriding,takinginthelongclimbfromthevillageofForecastletowardstheUskReservoir.The165kmrouteisabitofamonster,featuringsomesharperclimbsthatwilltesteventhestrongestofclimbers.Laterintheroute,climbersrejointhemiddledistanceroutetotakeintheUskReservoirsection.Therewillbefeedstationsalongtheroute.Fullmechanicalsupportisalsooffered,asisfirstaid.AnythingelseIneedtoknow?Pre-Registrationfortheeventisfrom7p．m.onSaturday10thAugustatCountyCycles,Unit1,22BHeolStanllyd.Registrationon11thAugustisfrom6：30a．m.Apost-ridemealisalsoexpectedtobearranged.Andasallfundsraisedwillbedonatedtothelocalhospital,you'renotjustridingforyourselfbutalsotopromoteagreatcause.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了梅林骑行活动的相关信息，包括骑行起点、路线选择、活动支持以及报名事宜等。1．WhatcanaparticipantoftheMerlinRideenjoy？(

)A．Freetestsonbicycles.B．Differentroutechoices.C．Relaxingridingexperiences.D．Professionalcarmaintenance.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据“Whatroutesareonoffer？”部分内容可知，梅林骑行活动提供了90公里、110公里和165公里三种不同的路线选择，以满足不同骑行者的需求。因此，参与者可以享受不同的路线选择。故选B。2．Whatmakesthe165kmmorechallenging？(

)A．Moredifficultclimbs.B．Ahiddenmonster.C．Lessmechanicalsupport.D．TheUskReservoirsection.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据“Whatroutesareonoffer？”部分中“The165kmrouteisabitofamonster,featuringsomesharperclimbsthatwilltesteventhestrongestofclimbers.”可知，165公里的路线更具挑战性是因为它包含了一些更陡峭的爬坡。故选A。3．Whatareparticipantsexpectedtodoiftheyaretojoinintheride？(

)A．Bringfoodtoshare.B．Makeadonation.C．Jointhefirstaidteam.D．Signupinadvance.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据“AnythingelseIneedtoknow？”部分中“Pre-Registrationfortheeventisfrom7p.m.onSaturday10thAugustatCountyCycles,Unit1,22BHeolStanllyd.”可知，如果参与者想要参加这次骑行活动，他们需要提前报名。故选D。B(2025·重庆高三第二次联合诊断)IwasfortunatetoberaisedinatraditionalKarukfamily—practicingdipnetfishing,renewalceremonies,andculturalfireinharmonywithnature'scycles.WhenIwasgrowingup,mydadwouldreturnfromthefisherywithatruckfullofsalmon(鲑鱼).We'dstayuplateprocessingfishandhangingpiecesinthesmokehouse.AsKarukVa'araaras,wearesalmonpeople,riverpeople,andfix-the-worldpeople.Ourrelationshipwithsalmonismutual;aslongaswefish,thesalmonwilljourneyuprivertoprovideforus.In2000,theKlamathRiverturnedbrightgreenwithharmfulalgae(海藻)asPacifiCorpsoughta50-yearlicenserenewalforitshydroelectricdams.Builtinthe20thcentury,thedamscausedsevereenvironmentalharm.Duringthe2001drought,nativecommunitiescalledforfederalactiontosavetheriver.Initially,theBureauofReclamationlimitedwaterdeliveriestoprotectendangeredfish,butfarmers,fearingcropfailuresduetowatershortages,successfullypressuredtheBushadministrationtochangethedecision.In2002,summerheatandlowriverflowsledtoamassivefishkill—34，000deadsalmonrotting(腐烂)ontheKlamath'sbanks.Thesmellstillstaysinourcollectivememory.AsthedamscameupforFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommission(FERC)review,wemadestatementsinhearings.Aroundafire,weresolvedtofightfordamremoval,formingtheKlamathJusticeCoalition.Over20years,weprotestedatshareholders'meetings,andgatheredthousandsundertheslogan:“UndamtheKlamath,BringtheSalmonHome！”OnNovember17,2022,FERCapprovedtheremovalofthedams.WatchingtheKlamathRiverflowfreelyforthefirsttimeinoveracenturyisprofound.OurCreator'scalltoactionin2002inspiredamovement,empoweringanewgenerationofprotectors.Astheriverheals,sodowe.Bringthesalmonhomeindeed.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Karuk人如何保护克拉马斯河。4．WhatcanwelearnabouttheKarukpeople？(

)A．Theyrelyonoldfishingmethodstosurvive.B．Theyhavegraduallychangedtheircustoms.C.Theirfishingtraditionscenteronsalmontrade.D．Theirwayoflifeisdeeplyconnectedtonature.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“IwasfortunatetoberaisedinatraditionalKarukfamily—practicingdipnetfishing,renewalceremonies,andculturalfireinharmonywithnature'scycles.”和“Ourrelationshipwithsalmonismutual;aslongaswefish,thesalmonwilljourneyuprivertoprovideforus.”可知，Karuk人的生活方式与自然紧密相连。故选D。5．WhathappenedafterfarmerspressuredtheBushadministrationin2001？(

)A．Thewaterrestrictionswerelifted.B．Theendangeredfishgotmorewater.C．Thedamswereremovedimmediately.D．Thegovernmenttightenedwatercontrol.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Duringthe2001drought,nativecommunitiescalledforfederalactiontosavetheriver...,successfullypressuredtheBushadministrationtochangethedecision.”可知，2001年农民向布什政府施压后，限水令取消了。故选A。6．WhydidtheKarukpeopleformtheKlamathJusticeCoalition？(

)A．Toprotestatshareholders'meetings.B．Togainmoredecision-makingpower.C．Toremovethehydroelectricdams.D．Toprotectthefarmers'waterrights.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Aroundafire,weresolvedtofightfordamremoval,formingtheKlamathJusticeCoalition.”可知，他们的目标是抗议并推动水坝拆除。故选C。7．Whatcanwelearnfromthisstory？(

)A．Manyhandsmakelightwork.B．Hewhoplantsatreeplantshope.C．Constantdroppingwearsthestone.D．Slowandsteadywinstherace.答案：C解析：推断理解题。根据最后一段中“OnNovember17,2022,FERCapprovedtheremovalofthedams.WatchingtheKlamathRiverflowfreelyforthefirsttimeinoveracenturyisprofound.”以及文章讲述了Karuk人从2000年开始面对水坝对环境和鲑鱼造成的危害，他们成立联盟，经过20多年的努力，如在听证会上发表声明、在股东大会上抗议等，最终在2022年水坝被批准拆除，河流恢复自由流动。他们坚持不懈克服困难，体现了滴水穿石的精神。故选C。C(2025·河北衡水中学综合素质评价)Self-confidenceistrustinginourabilitiesorqualities.It'susuallyseenasagoodthing.Butisitpossiblethatwemightbenefitfromalittlelessconfidenceinourbeliefs?Formanyyears,Dr.MarkLeary,aneuroscientistatDukeUniversityinDurham,N．C.,hasstudiedtheroleofpeople'sbeliefsintheirbehavior.Hefoundoverconfidenceisverycommon,especiallywhenitcomestowhatpeoplebelievetobetrue,andcanleadustodisastrousdecisions.In1986,NASAbelievedthattheriskoflossforanyspaceflightwasroughly1in100，000.ItwasanoverconfidentbeliefandmighthaveledtotheexplosionoftheChallenger.Thegoodnewsisthatthere'sa“vaccine(疫苗)”foroverconfidence,andthat'swhatscientistscall“intellectualhumility”—recognizingthatyourbeliefscouldbewrong.Asurveyof144collegestudentstomeasuretheirintellectualhumilityfoundthatstudentswhosawtheirthinkingcouldbewrongtendedtobemorecuriousandmorelikelytoseekoutnewknowledge.Theyendedupknowingmoreattheendoftheday.Butdoesitactuallyhelpyoubeyondthat?Tofindoutmore,Dr.TenellePorteratBallStateUniversityconductedaseriesofstudieswithhighschoolstudents.Shefoundthatstudentswithintellectualhumilityweremuchmorelikelytotestthemselvestoseewhethertheyreallyunderstoodthematerialandseekoutpotentialholesintheirunderstanding.Whentheygottestscores,they'dchangetheirstudystrategiestoimprovetheirperformanceandmasterthematerialforthenexttest.Studentswhodidn'tseetheirknowledgecouldbewrongmightinsteadjustsailthroughtheirstudyingandwouldn'tstoptoaskthemselvesiftheytrulyunderstoodwhattheyread,heard,ordid.Suchstudentsthoughttheygot_a_subject_down_pat,_butwhenaskedtoexplainitonatest,theyfoundtheydidn'tactuallyunderstandasmuchastheyhadthought.Althoughitmightbegoodforyou,researchersrecognizethatquestioningyourbeliefscanbetrulyhard.Still,it'simportanttorememberthatquestioningbeliefsisn'talwaysaboutreplacingoldoneswithnewones.Ifyoufindithardtoquestionabelief,trytaking“babysteps”．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家的研究，通过具体研究案例，来说明智力谦逊如何帮助人们更好地学习和调整学习策略。8．WhydoestheauthormentiontheexplosionoftheChallenger？(

)A．Toexpresshissorrowfortheloss.B．Tostressthehighriskofspaceflights.C．Toshowtheresultofwrongoperation.D．Togiveanexampleofoverconfidence.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二至第四句可知，作者先介绍了科学家发现过度自信可能导致严重后果，之后提及1986年这起灾难。由此推知，提及“挑战者号”爆炸是说明过度自信会导致灾难的一个例子。故选D。9．WhatdoweknowaboutintellectualhumilityaccordingtoPorter'sresearch？(

)A．Iturgedstudentstogainrecognition.B．Itencouragedstudentstotakeexams.C．Ithelpedstudentstoadjustlearningmethods.D．Itmotivatedstudentstomemorizeknowledge.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句可知，智力谦逊这种特质会使学生及时反思自己的学习，相应调整学习方法。故选C。10．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gotasubjectdownpat”meaninParagraph5？(

)A．Fullymasteredasubject.B．Putgreateffortintoasubject.C．Reallyenjoyedasubject.D．Benefitedalotfromasubject.答案：A解析：词句猜测题。根据第五段第二句“Suchstudentsthoughttheygotasubjectdownpat,butwhenaskedtoexplainitonatest,theyfoundtheydidn'tactuallyunderstandasmuchastheyhadthought.”可知，学生们在考试之前应是对自己比较自信，认为自己对该相关知识十分了解，或已经全会了，但到考场答题时，才发现自己会的不如原本所认为的那么多。由此可知，gotasubjectdownpat应是“对某科目了解很多”或“对某科目完全掌握”之意。故选A。11．Whatwillprobablybediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs？(

)A．Whyquestioningourbeliefishard.B．Whyintellectualhumilityishelpful.C．Howtobecomeaconfidentperson.D．Howtopracticeintellectualhumility.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Thegoodnewsisthatthere'sa‘vaccine(疫苗)’foroverconfidence,andthat'swhatscientistscall‘intellectualhumility’—recognizingthatyourbeliefscouldbewrong.”及全文最后一句“Ifyoufindithardtoquestionabelief,trytaking‘babysteps’.”可知，最后一句中所说的“questionabelief”即前文所说的“recognizingthatyourbeliefscouldbewrong”，也就是第二段最后一句引号中所言的“智力谦逊”。全文最后一句又说，“可以尝试迈出‘一小步’”。由此推知，所谓的“一小步”究竟该怎么做，会在下文进行介绍，即如何练习做到“智力谦虚”。故选D。D(2025·河南名校学术联盟模拟冲刺)Crocs(洞洞鞋)arecomfortable,water-resistantfootwearthatarepopularwithkids,butsomepodiatrists(足病医生)saytheyshouldbealternatedwithmoretoughshoes.Theseclog-likeshoeshavebecomeapopularfashionstatementamongkidsandteens—evenasweheadintofall.Butaretheybadfordevelopingfeet?Ontheonehand,asamomofthree,ParthasarathysaysCrocsaregreatforcertainsituations,likethepoolorbeach.“Crocsareagodsendwhenyou'retryingtogetoutofthehouse,becausemy3-year-oldcanputthemonindependently，”shesays.Butasapodiatristwhotreatsmanykidsandteens,she'sseeingissuesthatcomefromwearingCrocsallday,everyday.“I'veseenmorestructuralissueslikeheelpain,archpain,sometimesmorehammertoes,becauseyouhavetogriptheshoestokeepthemon,andsothetoesareoverworking，”shesays.Parthasarathyisamongseveralfootandanklespecialistswho'vewarnedonlinethatCrocsaren'tthebestchoiceforall-dayfootwear.ShesaysoneproblemisthatCrocsarenotparticularlystable.Whiletheydocomewithaheelstrap,alotofkidsignoreitandwearthemlikeslides.Shesaystheyalsolackarchsupport,andthey'renotgreatatwickingawaymoisture(吸湿排汗),whichcanleadtodiscomfortovertime.Parthasarathysayswhileshehasn'tcomeacrossanypublisheddataonCrocsandkids,herconcernsarebasedonherownobservationsasadoctorandmom.Ideally,kidswouldalternatetheirCrocswithothertoughershoes—especiallywhenrunningaround,Parthasarathysays.Shesaysthat'sparticularlytruefortoddlers,sincethey'restillfiguringoutthemechanicsofwalking.Ifkidsrefusetowearanythingelse,Parthasarathysaysjustkeepaneyeoutforsignsoffootdiscomfort.Forexample,kidsmighthavetroublekeepingupwithyouwhenyou'reoutwalkingortheymightcomplainoftiredorhurtingfeet.ButaslongastheyseemOK,shesaysit'snotworthfightingoverCrocs.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了洞洞鞋舒适及防水的特点很受孩子们的欢迎，但是他们是否会影响孩子们脚的发育呢？文章通过一位母亲同时也是一位足病医生的陈述客观地介绍了孩子们穿洞洞鞋的相关情况。12．WhyareCrocspopularamongkidsandteens？(

)A．Theyaresafeandfashionable.B．Theywashwellandkeepwarm.C．Theyarecomfortableandconvenient.D．Theycanstandwearandtearverywell.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据文章首段中的“Crocsarecomfortable,water-resistantfootwear(洞洞鞋舒适，防水鞋类)”以及第二段可知，洞洞鞋因其舒适以及穿着方便等原因而深受孩子们的欢迎。故选C。13．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout？(

)A．MaincharacteristicsofCrocs.B．DisadvantagesofwearingCrocs.C．ProperwaysofwearingCrocs.D．RightproceduresofwearingCrocs.答案：B解析：段落大意题。通读第三段，尤其是第一句话“Butasapodiatristwhotreatsmanykidsandteens,she'sseeingissuesthatcomefromwearingCrocsallday,everyday.”可知，第三段主要介绍了洞洞鞋的缺点。故选B。14．What'sParthasarathy'sadviceforkids？(

)A．Takingturnstoweardifferentshoes.B．WalkingslowlywhenwearingCrocs.C．WearingCrocsjustwhentheyareout.D．ConsultingadoctorbeforewearingCrocs.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据文章首段中的首句“Crocsarecomfortable,water-resistantfootwear”及第五段中的“Ideally,kidswouldalternatetheirCrocswithothertoughershoes”可知，足病医生Parthasarathy建议孩子们还是轮流更换所穿的鞋子，避免长时间一直穿洞洞鞋。故选A。15．Whichcanbeabesttitleforthetext？(

)A．WhyKidsAreSoKeenonCrocs?B．AreCrocsBadforYoungFeet?C．IsItWorthTurningdownCrocs?D．WhatShoesAreReallyFitforKids?答案：B解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了深受孩子们欢迎的洞洞鞋是否会影响孩子们脚的发育。文章通过一位母亲同时也是一位足病医生的陈述客观地介绍了孩子们穿洞洞鞋的相关情况。因此，B项“洞洞鞋对孩子的脚有害吗？”适合作为本文的标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·辽宁名校联盟高三模拟)Everfeellikeit'shardtogetyourparentstounderstandyou?Ifyouwanttohaveacloserelationshipwiththem,youneedtobeabletospeaktothemeffectively.

1(____)Whenyouarecalm,youwillbebetterabletoexpressyourthoughtsclearly.Alittleemotioncanbehelpfulinseriousdiscussion,buttoomuchcanmakeyouseemimmature.Knowwhentearsareinappropriate.Forexample,ifyouwanttogotothebeachwithyourfriends,tearsmaybeabitoverboard.Startwithastatementthat'stothepoint.Startwithastatementthatexplainstheissueyouwanttoaddressandwillhelpyouquicklybegindiscussingyourfeelings.2(____)Calmlyopenthechatwithastatementlike,“Ifeelthatit'sunfairthatIcouldn'tgotothepartyFridaynight.”

3(____)Parentsoftenhavesufficientreasonsformakingcertaindecisions,sotrytounderstandwheretheyarecomingfrom.Forinstance,perhapsyourparentsdon'twantyoutogooutwithyourfriendsbecausetheyarefearfulthatyou'llmakeabaddecision.4(____)Thishelpsthemfeelmorecomfortablewithyougoingouttogether.Comeupwithsomesolutions.