江苏省苏教版高中英语必修第三册第5单元语法练习题及答案

江苏省苏教版高中英语必修第三册第5单元语法练习题及答案第1页共1页江苏省苏教版高中英语必修第三册第5单元语法练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.A.amB.wereC.beD.is参考答案：B2.Themanageraskedifthereport______bytheendoftheday.A.willfinishB.wouldfinishC.finishesD.hadfinished参考答案：B3.______tothenoise,thebabycouldn'tfallasleep.A.BecauseB.BecauseofC.AsD.Since参考答案：B4.Shesuggestedthatwe______ameetingtodiscusstheproject.A.haveB.havingC.hadD.has参考答案：A5.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.A.won'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'tberainingD.isn'training参考答案：B6.TheteachertoldthestudentsthattheEarth______aroundtheSun.A.isrevolvingB.revolvesC.revolvedD.hasrevolved参考答案：B7.______youstudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.A.TheharderB.HarderC.ThemorehardD.Morethe参考答案：A8.It'simportantthateveryone______awareoftheenvironmentalproblem.A.isB.areC.beD.being参考答案：C9.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whose参考答案：B10.IfI______you,Iwouldhavetoldherthetruth.A.amB.wereC.beD.is参考答案：B二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Themanageraskedifthereport______finishedbyFriday.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe参考答案：A2.______tothenoise,thebabycouldn'tfallasleep.A.AllowingB.HavingallowedC.AllowedD.Beingallowed参考答案：C3.Shesuggestedthatwe______ameetingtodiscusstheproject.A.holdB.heldC.holdsD.haveheld参考答案：A4.Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldreviewtheirnoteseveryday.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether参考答案：A5.Ifyoustudyhard,you______passtheexam.A.willB.canC.mayD.shall参考答案：A6.It'simportantthateveryone______awareoftherules.A.isB.areC.beD.being参考答案：C7.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which参考答案：D8.IfI______you,Iwouldhavestudiedmoreforthetest.A.amB.wereC.beD.was参考答案：B9.Thecompanydecidedto______itsheadquarterstoanewcity.A.moveB.movingC.movedD.moves参考答案：A10.______youlikecoffeeortea,I'llmakeitforyou.A.WhetherB.IfC.ThatD.Because参考答案：A三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Therelativeclausecanbeusedtomodifyanounorapronoun.参考答案：√2.Inthesentence"ThebookthatIboughtisveryinteresting,""that"isarelativepronoun.参考答案：√3.Whentherelativepronounreferstoaperson,wemustalwaysuse"who."参考答案：×4.Inthesentence"Themanwholivesnextdoorisadoctor,""who"isthesubjectoftherelativeclause.参考答案：√5.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.参考答案：√6.Inthesentence"Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewentout,"theverbtenseusedcorrectlyispastperfect.参考答案：√7.Thefutureperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillbecompletedbeforeaspecifictimeinthefuture.参考答案：√8.Inthesentence"Bynextyear,Iwillhavefinishedmydegree,"theverbtenseusedcorrectlyisfutureperfect.参考答案：√9.Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthesubjectofthesentenceisthereceiveroftheaction.参考答案：√10.Inthesentence"TheletterwaswrittenbyJohn,"thesentenceisinthepassivevoice.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.WhatisthestructureofarelativeclauseinEnglish?参考答案：Arelativeclauseconsistsofarelativepronoun(who,whom,whose,which,that)orarelativeadverb(when,where,why)followedbyaverbandotherelements.2.Canyougiveanexampleofasentenceusingthepastperfecttense?参考答案：Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewenttobed.3.Howdoyouformthefutureperfecttense?参考答案：Thefutureperfecttenseisformedbyusingwillhave+pastparticiple.4.Inwhichsituationsisthepassivevoicecommonlyused?参考答案：Thepassivevoiceiscommonlyusedwhentheactorisunknown,unimportant,orobvious.5.Explainthedifferencebetween"too"and"either."参考答案：Toomeans"excessively,"andeithermeans"also"or"too."6.Whatisthefunctionofarelativepronouninasentence?参考答案：Arelativepronounintroducesarelativeclauseandactsasanounintheclause.7.Howdoyouusethepresentperfectcontinuoustense?参考答案：Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisformedbyusinghave/hasbeen+presentparticiple.8.Describetheformationofareportedspeech.参考答案：Reportedspeechisformedbychangingthereportingverb(said,told,asked)andthetenseofthereportedclause.五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）（请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写最后结果不得分）1.Acompanyisplanningtoexpanditsproductionline.Theyneedtodecidewhethertohiremoreworkersorinvestinnewmachinery.Thecompanyhastwooptions:OptionAistohire10workersatacostof50,000peryear,andOptionBistoinvestinnewmachineryatacostof80,000peryear.Theworkersareexpectedtoincreaseproductionby20unitsperday,whilethenewmachineryisexpectedtoincreaseproductionby30unitsperday.Thecompanywantstoknowwhichoptionwillbemorecost-effectiveintermsofunitsproducedperdollarspent.A.HiremoreworkersB.InvestinnewmachineryC.Bothoptionsareequallycost-effectiveD.Itisimpossibletodeterminewithoutmoreinformation参考答案：B2.Aschoolisorganizingacharityeventandneedstodecidehowtoraisefunds.Theyhavetwoideas:IdeaAistosellticketsforaconcertat10perticket,andIdeaBistoholdabakesalewhereeachitemcosts2.Theschoolestimatesthattheycansell500ticketsfortheconcert,buttheyareunsureaboutthenumberofitemstheycansellatthebakesale.Theyneedtodeterminewhichideawillraisemoremoneyiftheysell300itemsatthebakesale.A.TheconcertwillraisemoremoneyB.ThebakesalewillraisemoremoneyC.BothideaswillraisethesameamountofmoneyD.Itisimpossibletodeterminewithoutmoreinformation参考答案：A3.Afarmerisdecidingwhethertoplantwheatorcornonhisland.Hehas100acresoflandandcaneitherplantwheatatacostof100peracreorcornatacostof80peracre.Thefarmerexpectstosellwheatfor5perbushelandcornfor4perbushel.Heestimatesthathecanharvest150bushelsofwheatperacreand200bushelsofcornperacre.Thefarmerwantstoknowwhichcropwillgivehimthehighestprofit.A.WheatwillgivehigherprofitB.CornwillgivehigherprofitC.BothcropswillgivethesameprofitD.Itisimpossibletodeterminewithoutmoreinformation参考答案：A4.Acompanyisevaluatingtwodifferentmarketingstrategies.StrategyAinvolvesspending20,000onsocialmediaadvertising,whichisexpectedtoreach10,000potentialcustomers.StrategyBinvolvesspending15,000onprintadvertising,whichisexpectedtoreach8,000potentialcustomers.Thecompanywantstoknowwhichstrategywillgivethemthebestreturnoninvestmentiftheyconvert1%oftheirpotentialcustomersintoactualcustomers.A.SocialmediaadvertisingwillgivebetterreturnB.PrintadvertisingwillgivebetterreturnC.BothstrategieswillgivethesamereturnD.Itisimpossibletodeterminewithoutmoreinformation参考答案：A5.Afactoryisproducingtwotypesofproducts:ProductAandProductB.ProductAsellsfor10perunitandcosts6toproduce,whileProductBsellsfor15perunitandcosts9toproduce.Thefactoryhasabudgetof100,000permonthandcanproduceamaximumof10,000unitspermonth.Thefactorywantstoknowwhichproductwillgivethemthehighestprofitiftheydecidetoproduce5,000unitsofeachproduct.A.ProductAwillgivehigherprofitB.ProductBwillgivehigherprofitC.BothproductswillgivethesameprofitD.Itisimpossibletodeterminewithoutmoreinformation参考答案：B6.Arestaurantisplanningtoaddanewdishtoitsmenu.Theyhavetwooptions:OptionAistoaddadishthatcosts5tomakeandsellsfor15,andOptionBistoaddadishthatcosts7tomakeandsellsfor20.Therestaurantestimatesthattheycansell100unitsofeachdishperweek.Therestaurantwantstoknowwhichdishwillgivethemthehighestprofitperunit.A.DishAwillgivehigherprofitperunitB.DishBwillgivehigherprofitperunitC.BothdisheswillgivethesameprofitperunitD.Itisimpossibletodeterminewithoutmoreinformation参考答案：B7.Astoreisevaluatingtwodifferentpricingstrategiesforaproduct.StrategyAinvolvessellingtheproductataregularpriceof20,andStrategyBinvolvessellingtheproductatadiscountedpriceof15.Thestoreestimatesthattheycansell500unitsoftheproductpermonthunderbothstrategies.Thestorewantstoknowwhichstrategywillgivethemthehighesttotalrevenue.A.RegularpricewillgivehigherrevenueB.DiscountedpricewillgivehigherrevenueC.BothstrategieswillgivethesamerevenueD.Itisimpossibletodeterminewithoutmoreinformation参考答案：A8.Acompanyisdecidingwhethertoinvestinanewproject.Theprojectrequiresaninitialinvestmentof50,000andisexpectedtogenerateaprofitof10,000peryearforthenext5years.Thecompanycaneitherinvestinthisprojectorputthemoneyinasavingsaccountthatoffersanannualinterestrateof5%.Thecompanywantstoknowwhichoptionwillgivethemthehighestreturnoninvestment.A.InvestingintheprojectwillgivehigherreturnB.PuttingmoneyinasavingsaccountwillgivehigherreturnC.BothoptionswillgivethesamereturnD.Itisimpossibletodeterminewithoutmoreinformation参考答案：A标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气中的第二人称假设。题干中的"IfI______you"是一个非真实条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设，因此谓语动词应用过去式。选项A、C、D的动词形式均不符合虚拟语气规则，只有选项B"were"符合要求。2.参考答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气中的宾语从句。asked后的宾语从句需要使用虚拟语气，即动词用过去式。选项A、C、D的动词形式均不符合宾语从句的虚拟语气规则，只有选项B"wouldfinish"符合要求。3.参考答案：B解析：本题考查固定搭配。固定搭配"becauseof"表示“因为”，后面需要跟名词或名词性短语。选项A、C、D中的连词均不能与"thenoise"搭配，只有选项B"becauseof"符合要求。4.参考答案：A解析：本题考查虚拟语气中的主语从句。suggested后的主语从句需要使用虚拟语气，即动词用原形。选项B、C、D的动词形式均不符合主语从句的虚拟语气规则，只有选项A"have"符合要求。5.参考答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气中的第二人称假设。题干中的"Ifit______tomorrow"是一个非真实条件句，表示与将来事实相反的假设，因此谓语动词应用过去式。选项A、C、D的动词形式均不符合虚拟语气规则，只有选项B"doesn'train"符合要求。6.参考答案：B解析：本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意，地球围绕太阳旋转是一个客观事实，因此应该使用一般现在时。选项A、C、D的动词形式均不符合句意，只有选项B"revolves"符合要求。7.参考答案：A解析：本题考查比较级中的虚拟语气。句型"The+比较级...,the+比较级..."表示“越……越……”，因此应该使用比较级。选项B、C、D的语法结构均不符合该句型，只有选项A"Theharder...,themore..."符合要求。8.参考答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气中的主语从句。It'simportantthat后的主语从句需要使用虚拟语气，即动词用原形。选项A、B、D的动词形式均不符合主语从句的虚拟语气规则，只有选项C"be"符合要求。9.参考答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句。关系代词"that"在从句中作"thebook"的宾语，因此不需要其他关系词。选项A、C、D中的关系代词均不符合句意，只有选项B"that"符合要求。10.参考答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气中的第二人称假设。题干中的"IfI______you"是一个非真实条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，因此谓语动词应用过去式。选项A、C、D的动词形式均不符合虚拟语气规则，只有选项B"were"符合要求。二、填空题1.参考答案：A解析：本题考查主谓一致。report是单数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式，故选A。2.参考答案：C解析：本题考查非谓语动词。allowed是过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成，故选C。3.参考答案：A解析：本题考查虚拟语气。suggest后面的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，动词用一般过去式，故选A。4.参考答案：A解析：本题考查宾语从句。told后面的宾语从句应用陈述语序，故选A。5.参考答案：A解析：本题考查条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句中，主语you是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用will加动词原形，故选A。6.参考答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气。it'simportantthat后面的主语从句应用虚拟语气，动词用原形，故选C。7.参考答案：D解析：本题考查定语从句。book是先行词，指物，关系代词应用which，故选D。8.参考答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件状语从句中，表示与过去事实相反，主句动词用过去式，故选B。9.参考答案：A解析：本题考查非谓语动词。decidedtodosth.意为“决定做某事”，故选A。10.参考答案：A解析：本题考查whether...or...结构。whether...or...意为“无论...还是...”，故选A。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，可以提供关于这个名词或代词的更多信息。题干表述正确。2.参考答案：√解析：本题考查定语从句的用法。在句子"ThebookthatIboughtisveryinteresting"中，"that"引导了一个定语从句，修饰名词"book"，"that"在从句中作主语。题干表述正确。3.参考答案：×解析：本题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。当关系代词指代人时，可以使用"who"或"that"，并不是必须使用"who"。题干表述错误。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。在句子"Themanwholivesnextdoorisadoctor"中，"who"引导了一个定语从句，修饰名词"man"，"who"在从句中作主语。题干表述正确。5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查过去完成时的用法。过去完成时用来描述一个在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。题干表述正确。6.参考答案：√解析：本题考查过去完成时的用法。在句子"Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewentout"中，"hadfinished"是过去完成时，表示"完成作业"这个动作发生在"出去"这个动作之前。题干表述正确。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查将来完成时的用法。将来完成时用来描述一个在将来某个时间点之前将要完成的动作。题干表述正确。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查将来完成时的用法。在句子"Bynextyear,Iwillhavefinishedmydegree"中，"willhavefinished"是将来完成时，表示"完成学位"这个动作将在"明年"这个时间点之前完成。题干表述正确。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查被动语态的用法。被动语态用来描述主语是动作的接受者，而不是动作的执行者。题干表述正确。10.参考答案：√解析：本题考查被动语态的用法。在句子"TheletterwaswrittenbyJohn"中，"waswritten"是被动语态，表示"信"是"约翰"写的，主语"letter"是动作的接受者。题干表述正确。四、简答题1.参考答案：Arelativeclauseconsistsofarelativepronoun(who,whom,whose,which,that)orarelativeadverb(when,where,why)followedbyaverbandotherelements.解析：本题考查“定语从句的结构”。定语从句由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导，后面跟一个完整的句子成分。关系代词在从句中充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语。例如，InthebookthatIread,thereisafascinatingstory.（我读的那本书里有一个引人入胜的故事。）2.参考答案：Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewenttobed.解析：本题考查“过去完成时的用法”。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。例如，Bythetimethepolicearrived,thethiefhadescaped.（警察到达时，小偷已经逃走了。）3.参考答案：Thefutureperfecttenseisformedbyusingwillhave+pastparticiple.解析：本题考查“将来完成时的构成”。将来完成时由“willhave+过去分词”构成，表示在将来某一时间之前将要完成的动作。例如，Bynextyear,Iwillhavefinishedmydegree.（到明年，我将完成我的学业。）4.参考答案：Thepassivevoiceiscommonlyusedwhentheactorisunknown,unimportant,orobvious.解析：本题考查“被动语态的常见用法”。被动语态通常用于动作的执行者未知、不重要或显而易见的情况。例如，Thewindowwasbrokenlastnight.（昨晚窗户被打破了。）5.参考答案：Toomeans"excessively,"andeithermeans"also"or"too."解析：本题考查“too和either的区别”。too表示“过于”，通常用于形容词或副词前；either表示“也”或“太”，用于肯定句中表示也，用于否定句中表示太。例如，Heistootiredtocontinue.（他太累了，不能继续了。）Shelikescoffee,andIliketeatoo.（她喜欢咖啡，我也喜欢。）6.参考答案：Arelativepronounintroducesarelativeclauseandactsasanounintheclause.解析：本题考查“关系