2025~2026学年江苏南京师范大学附属中学第二学期高二年级期中考试英语试卷

2025~2026学年江苏南京师范大学附属中学第二学期高二年级期中考试英语试卷一、阅读理解AdmissionandHospitalizationAdmissionProceduresPatientsshouldregisteratHospital’sAdmissionOffice.Thefollowingdocumentsarerequiredduringregistration:

PatientStatusIdentificationDocumentsHolderofH.K.I.D.Card-H.K.I.D.Card/PassportChild(under11yearsofage)-H.K.BirthCertificate-H.K.I.D.Cardfromfather/motherSpouse(配偶)ofaH.K.I.D.CardHolder-MarriageCertificate-H.K.I.D.CardfromSpouse-Validtravellingdocument(ifnecessary)HospitalizationToprotectpatient’ssafety,patientsarestronglyadvisednottoleavetheward(病房)withoutnotifyingtheattendingnurseorwardstafforthehospitalwillassumenoresponsibilityforanyconsequences.Shouldpatient’sfamilywishtoknowthelatestmedicalconditionofthepatient,ameetingwiththedoctorcanbearrangedthroughtheattendingnurse.Theoperationofsomemedicalinstrumentsandequipmentmaybeaffectedbysignalsfrommobilephones.Pleaseturnoffthemobilephonesinsidewardsanddesignatedareas.Smokingisstrictlyprohibitedinthehospitalcompound(场地).Discharge(出院)Pleasecontacthospitalwardstewardornursefordischargeprocedures.Patientshavingfinancialdifficultymaycontactwardstafformedicalsocialworkertoapplyforfeereductionofhospitalfees.1.Whatarerequiredforachildunder11forregistration?

A．Passportandschoolcertificate.B．Travellingdocumentandparent’sID.C．BirthCertificateandparent’sH.K.I.D..D．Medicalinsurancecardandbirthcertificate.2.Whatarepatientsallowedtodo?

A．Tosmokeinthehospitalcompound.B．Toarrangeameetingwiththedoctor.C．Tohavetheirmobilephonesoninsidewards.D．Toleavewardswiththeknowledgeofattendingnurses.3.Whereisthetexttakenfrom?

A．Ahospitalwebsite.B．Afitnessmagazine.C．Ahealthnewspaper.D．Amedicalschoolbooklet.Fouryearsago,AlastairDriverwasmadedirectorofRewildingBritain,acharitywithamissiontoshakeupconservationintheUK.Rewilding,intheory,istorestorelandandletnaturetakebackcontrol.Oncehegotstarted,hefellinlovewithconservationalloveragain.Alastair’sgoalistomaketheconceptmainstream.Sofar,he’smovingintherightdirection.“TheBritishgovernmentisincludingrewildinginfuturefarmingpolicy,”hesays.Ifanyoneknowswhat’sgoodforBritain’swildspaces,it’sAlastair.Hisfatherwasacountrynaturalist,sothenaturalworldplayedabigroleinhislifefromanearlyage.Afterstudyingecologyatuniversity,hewentontobecomeaconservationofficerfortheThamesWaterAuthority,wherehespent34yearspreservingriversandwetlands.Then,in2002,AlistairtookchargeoftheEnvironmentAgency,shapingnationalpolicyandstrategyuntil2016.Now,hebelievesrewildingisthenextstepfornaturerestorationintheUKanditneedstohappenonamuchlargerscale.Assuch,AlastairspendsmostofhistimetravellingaroundtheUK,meetingwithlandowners,advisingthemabouttheadvantagesofrewildingtheirland,andofferingpracticaltipsforgettingstarted.Injustfouryears,he’sseenamassiveuptakeininterest.Intheearlydays,Alastairwouldliterallyringaroundhiscontactlisttogetpeopleinvolved;now,hecanhardlycopewithemailsandcallscominghisway.Partofthischangeisasymptomofthebiggerenvironmentalchallengesfacingmankind.“Peoplearemoreawareofclimatechangeandthebiodiversitycrisis,”hesays.Towardstheendof2020,withAlastair’scontinuousefforts,theRewildingNetworkwaslaunched,aplatformwherefarmersandlandownerscanconnect,shareideas,andseekexpertadvice.Currently,justover200,000acresoflandarebeingrewildedthroughthenetwork.ForAlastair,it’sahugestepintherightdirection.4.WhatisAlastair’sgoalinRewilding?

A．Toregainhisinterestinconservation.B．Toforcethegovernmenttomakepolicies.C．Togettheidearecognizedbymostpeople.D．Toadvertisethecharityformoredonations.5.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A．WhatAlastairstudiedinthepast.B．WhenAlastairstartedconservation.C．HowAlastair’sfatherinfluenceshim.D．WhyAlastairknowsmuchaboutnature.6.Whydoespeople’sattitudetowardsrewildingchange?

A．Alastairputseffortstopromoterewilding.B．Alastairhasfaithinthevalueofrewilding.C．Peoplefacefewerenvironmentalchallenges.D．Peoplearetaughtmeasurestorewildtheland.7.WhatcanwelearnfromAlastair’sstory?

A．Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.B．Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.C．Adevotedsoulcanachievehisgoal.D．Amanbecomeslearnedbyaskingquestions.Likemanypeopleoverthepastyears,Ihavefoundmyselfswitchingtoaudiobooksasmymainmeansofreadingliterature.Afterdaysoflookingatmylaptop,Ifinditfarmorecomfortableto“readwithmyears”whilemyeyesareresting.Myconsumptionofnewbookshasdoubledasaresult—butarecentpapermakesmewonderifthiswillcomeatthepriceofmycomprehension.Whenwelistentotext,itseems,wemayengageinlessthinkingandrelymoreoninstinct(直觉)toevaluateitscontent.ThestudycomesfromBoazKeysarandJanetGeipel,boththenattheUniversityofChicago,anditdrawsfromamentalprocessmodelpopularizedinDanielKahneman’sbest-sellingbookThinking,FastandSlow.Accordingtothisviewofthemind,wehavetwowaysofassessinginformation.SystemIisinstinctive,relyingoninstinctandfeeling.Itisquick,butattheriskofmisinformationandthinkingmistake.SystemIIisanalytical:Whenitisengaged,wethinkourwaythroughthematerialsstepbystep.Itismoreeffortfulbutalsomoresensible.GeipelandKeysarinvestigatedwhetherthesensorystyle—seeingorhearing—oftheinformationwouldmakeadifference.Theyfoundthatitdid:Whenansweringsimple‑but‑misleadingquestions,participantsweresignificantlymorelikelytomakeerrorswhenthesentenceswerespokenoutloudratherthanwritten.Theresearchersrepeatedtheexperimentwithagreaterrangeoftasks,inmorediversepopulations.Theresultswerethesame:whenlisteningratherthanreading,peopleweremorelikelytodependonsystemI.Agreaterrelianceoninstinctcouldbeaproblemifweareconsuminginformationthatneedslogicalexamination.IfIamtacklingabookaboutscienceIwanttobesureIamfullyengaged,notjustnoddingalongthevaguearguments.Forthisreason,Iwillreturntoreadingnon‑fictionwithmyeyesratherthanmyears.ButIwon’tstoplisteningtonovels.IfI’menjoyingastory,Iamquitehappytogowiththeflowofmyemotionswhilemycriticalmindtakesabreak.8.Whydoestheauthorpreferaudiobooks?

A．Theyprovidebettercomprehension.B．Theyallowtheeyestohaveabreak.C．Theyarecheaperthanphysicalbooks.D．Theyaremorepopularamongfriends.9.WhatdoesthestudyconductedbyGeipelandKeysaraimtoinvestigate?

A．Thepopularityofaudiobooks.B．Theeffectsofvisualprocessing.C．Therolesofsensorystylesincomprehension.D．Theimpactofreadingoncognitivedevelopment.10.Whatcausestheauthortoreturntoreadingnon‑fictionwitheyes?

A．Theneedforlogicalanalysis.B．Aninterestincriticalthinking.C．Apreferenceforvisuallearning.D．Theintentiontoimproveefficiency.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsaudiobooks?

A．Cautious.B．Favorable.C．Objective.D．Doubtful.Imagineyou’reoutforaneveningwalkinaforeigncity,lookingtofindarestaurantfordinner.Howtopickthebestplaceforamuch‑neededmeal?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youwilllookforthebusiestrestaurantwiththemostdinersbecauseitspopularityisboundtoreflectthequalityoffoodandservice.Butisthistrue?Intouristareas,whichlackregular,localcustomers,thenumberofdinersisunlikelytoholdinformationaboutthequalityofthemeal.Instead,biggercrowdscouldhavecomeaboutatrandom,andhere’swhy:Earlydinerswithnomeaningfulcuesastowhichrestauranttochoosemayhavepickedtheireveningrestaurantrandomly,forexample,selectingtheplacewiththenicestname,thesmiliestwaiter,ortheprettiestflowersonthetables.Subsequentpassers‑bymayhavemisinterpretedtheirrestaurantchoiceasawell‑informeddecisionandblindlyfollowedtheirexample.Thiscouldhaveresultedinasnow‑balleffect,wherebyever‑increasingnumbersofcustomerswereattractedtotherestaurantinquestion,creatingafalseimpressionofendorsement.Inthiscase,followingtheexampleofotherscouldhaveledtoalesssatisfactorydinnerchoiceinanovercrowdedrestaurant.Thisistypicalofherdbehavior.Herdingcanappeartomakealotofsense.Theso‑called“wisdomofcrowds”suggeststhataveragejudgmentsoflargegroupsofpeopleoftenoutperformindividualchoices.Furthermore,followingthecrowdappearstoofferprotectionandcomfort—afterall,there’s“safetyinnumbers”—whilehelpingtomaintainafavorablereputation.Finally,followingtheherdreducestheeffortneededtomakeapersonaloruniquedecision;itisthereforeaneasyoption.However,herdbehavior,whilecommonandeasytoexplain,holdssignificantdangers.Contrarytothe“wisdomofcrowds”,whichhappenswhenthejudgmentsofindividualgroupmembersareindependentlycollectedtoproduceanaverageopinion,herdbehaviortypicallyrelyson“informationcascades(literallywaterfalls)”,wherepeopletakeonothers’beliefsorcopytheirchoiceswithoutcriticallyconsideringthereasonsbehind.Thisfrequentlyleadstotheimitationofunreasonableorsimplystupidbehavior.12.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A．Tocomparelocalandtouristdininghabits.B．Tointroduceacommonbeliefandposeaquestion.C．Tocriticizetouristsformakingpoordinnerchoices.D．Todescribeatypicaleveningsceneinaforeigncity.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“endorsement”inparagraph3mostprobablymean?

A．Approval.B．Efficiency.C．Knowledge.D．Sincerity.14.Whichofthefollowingcancontributetoabetterinformedchoice?

A．Safetyinnumbers.B．Herdbehavior.C．Wisdomofcrowds.D．Informationcascades.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A．TrustingtheMajority:ASmartStrategy.B．FollowingtheCrowd:ASeeminglyQuickFix.C．EatingOutinaForeignCity:APracticalGuide.D．ImitatingtheHerd:AnEasyandNaturalChoice.Guesswhat—today’scomputerkeyboardcomesfromakeyboardthatdidhavelettersplacedalphabetically(按字母顺序)!Inthelate1860s,anAmericaninventornamedChristopherSholesdevelopedthefirsttypewriter,whichhadkeysinalphabeticalorder.16.Accordingtoonetheory,pressingthetypewriterkeyscausedSholes’smachinetojam.Sohemovedthekeysaroundtokeepthemachineryfromgettingstuck.It’spossiblethatsomekeysweremovedforthisreason,butit’snotthewholestory.Hereisanotherstory:SomeofthefirstpeopletotryoutSholes’stypewritersweretelegraphoperators.HereishowanearlyAmericantelegraphworked:17.Morsecodeusesaseriesoflongandshortclickstorepresenteachletterofthealphabet.Thecodewouldtravelasanelectricalpulseoverwirestoanothertelegraph.Theoperatoronthatendwouldthendecodeandwriteoutthemessagebyhand.Thispersonhadtoworkveryfast.Whenthetypewritercamealong,operatorscouldtypeoutamessageastheydecodedit.18OnereasonwasthatcertainlettersinMorsecodearesimilartooneanother.Theoperatorswantedthoselettersclosetogetheronthekeyboardsotheycouldquicklyfindtherightkeytopress.Sholeslikelymovedatleastsomekeysbasedonwhatworkedfortheoperators.19TheorderofkeysonanothermachinecalledtheHughesPrintingTelegraphmayhaveinfluencedSholes’skeyboardevenmore.Eventually,thekeyboardtransformedintowhat’scalled“QWERTY”.20OnceQWERTYcameabout,peoplegotusedtoit…anditjuststuckaround.ItbecamethestandardcomputerkeyboardintheUnitedStates,andwestilluseittoday!

A．Butthat’snotall!B．Peopledebatewhetherthisreallyhappened.C．Whydoesthelettersontoday’skeyboardlooksorandom?D．Thetelegraphwasoncecommonlyusedforsendingmessages.E．Buttheyweren’tfansofthetypewriter’salphabeticalkeyboard.F．Itisnamedafterthefirstsixlettersatthetopleftofthekeyboard.G．Onepersonwoulduseitslever‑likekeytotapoutamessageinMorsecode.二、完形填空MywifeandImadearushdecision:weadoptedatiny“miniaturepig”namedEsther.Weweretoldshewouldweigh2170poundsfullygrown.Wecouldneverhavepredictedthe22messthislittlepigletwouldbringintoourquiethome.Monthspassed,andEstherkept23non‑stop.Sheeventually24toasurprising650pounds,farbiggerthanour25.Oursmallhousewasnever26forafull‑sizedpig,27wequicklyfellheadoverheelsforhergentle,playful28.Shewouldcurlupwithourdogsonthecouch,nuzzle(用鼻子蹭)usfortreats,andfollowusaroundthehouselikea(n)29friend.Estherchangedeverycruelimpressionabout30animals;shewassmart,loving,andfullof31.Shetaughtusthetruemeaningofunconditional32andopenedoureyestothejoyof33life’ssurprises.Thisextraordinarypigdidn’tjustchangeourhome—shewarmedourheartsand34ourentirelivesinthemostbeautifulway.Shebecameateacher,showingusthatkindnessandcompanionshipcan35inthemostunexpectedformsandevenshapedourviewsonlifeandlove,makingusmorecaringandmorepatient.21.A．asmuchasB．nomorethanC．muchmorethanD．farlessthan22.A．wonderfulB．troublesomeC．noisyD．creative23.A．movingB．sleepingC．growingD．rooting24.A．switchedB．balloonedC．stretchedD．slid25.A．imaginationB．wishC．ambitionD．desire26.A．decoratedB．arrangedC．meantD．reserved27.A．butB．soC．orD．and28.A．styleB．moodC．toneD．nature29.A．thoughtfulB．newC．loyalD．distant30.A．farmB．wildC．petD．land31.A．responsibilityB．personalityC．superiorityD．creativity32.A．supportB．loveC．trustD．respect33.A．givingB．expectingC．embracingD．preparing34.A．liberatedB．definedC．controlledD．transformed35.A．comeB．lieC．takeD．result三、语法填空语法填空WhenItalianswimmerNicolòMartinenghiwonthe100‑meterbreaststrokecompetitiononJuly28thattheParisOlympics,thecircularmarksonhisbodywereseen36(clear),asreportedbyEuronews.Thesemarksaretheresultofcuppingtherapy,37isoftenusedtorelievepainandinflammationinspecificpartsofthebody.Thistraditionalmethodinvolves38(put)burnablesubstancessuchasalcohol,orpaperintoacup,thenlightingit.Afterthefiregoesout,thecupisturnedupsidedownandplacedontheskin39(create)avacuum(真空).Thevacuumsuckstheskin,helpingtoexpandbloodvessels.Thetreatmentlastsfor40averageof5to10minutes.Thistechnique41(use)formanyyearsinChina,Egypt,andotherMiddleEasternculturestotreatvariousdiseases,includingpain,anddizziness.42(advocate)ofthistherapyclaimthatitcanpurifythebody,relievemusclepain,43evenrelievestressandanxiety.In2023,astudyevaluatedtheeffectsofcuppingtherapybyanalyzingcasestudiespublishedbetween1990and2019.Itconcludedthatthoughtheevidenceforcuppingtherapywasnotenough,itcouldbeusedtoreducethelevelofpainandimprovebloodcirculationintheaffectedarea,44alowrateofundesirablereactions.四、书信写作45.假如你是学生李华，校英文报就是否使用AI辅助批改英语作文一事向全校学生征集意见。请你给编辑写一封邮件，内容包括：1.表达观点；2.说明理由。注意：(1)写作字数应为80字左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearEditor,Regardingtheschool’splantogradeEnglishcompositionswithAIassistance,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达46.ThecarturnedontothefamiliarroadthatledtoGrandma’sfarm.“Jude,thissummerholidaywillbeagreatchanceforyoutostaywithyourgrandma,”Dadsaidashedrove.Everymoment,weweremovingfartherawayfromthecity,theplacewhereIknewhowtodothingsright.Thecarenginewasn’toffbeforeGrandmahuggedme.Islowlydraggedmyselfoutofthecar.“Jude,youlookunhappy.Why?”Grandmaasked.Sheactedlikenothingbadhadhappenedlasttime.CouldIaskhowmuchmoneymyneighborMr.Jacksonhadlostbecauseofmymistake?Washestillupsetwithme?“I’mfine,”Ianswered.“I’mjustmissingmycomputercamp.ComputersaresomethingI’mgoodat.”“Thatsoundsdisappointing,”Grandmanodded.IlikedvisitingthefarmduringbreaksbeforeImessedthingsuplastsummer.Grandmalivedalone,andMr.Jacksonwaslikefamilytoher.ThenonedayIforgottolockthegateandletthegoatsintohisflowerbeds.He