专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷248

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷248

一、选择题(本题共70题，每题1.0分，共70分。)

(1)Whentheyadviseyourkidsto"getaneducation"ifyouwanttoraiseyourincome,

theytellyouonlyhalfthetruth.Whattheyreallymeanistogetjustenougheducationto

providemanpowerforyoursociety,butnottoomuchthatyouproveanembarrassment

toyoursociety.(2)Getahighschooldiploma,atleast.Withoutthat,youare

occupationallydead,unlessyournamehappenstobeGeorgeBernardShaworThomas

AlvaEdisonandyoucansuccessfullydropoutingradeschool.(3)Getcollegedegree,if

possible.WithaB.A.,youareonthelaunchingpad.Butnowyouhavetostarttoputon

thebrakes.Ifyougoforamaster'sdegree,makesureitisaandonlyfroma

first-rateuniversity.Beyondthis,thefamouslawofdiminishingreturnsbeginstotake

effect.(4)Doyouknow,forinstance,thatlong-handtruckdriversearnmoreayearthan

fullprofessors?Yes,theaveragesalaryforthosetruckerswas$24,000,whilethefull

professorsmanagedtoaveragejust$23,930.(5)APh.D.isthehighestdegreeyoucan

get,butexceptinafewspecializedfieldssuchasphysicsorchemistry,wherethedegree

canquicklybeturnedtoindustrialorcommercialpurposes,youarefacingadimfuture.

TherearemorePh.D.sunemployedorunderemployedinthiscountrythaninanyother

partoftheworldbyfar.IfyoubecomeadoctorofphilosophyinEnglishorhistoryor

anthropologyorpoliticalscienceorlanguagesor-worstofall—inphilosophy,yourun

theriskofbecomingovereducatedforournationaldemands.Notforourneeds,mind

you,butforourdemands.(6)ThousandsofPh.D.saresellingshoes,drivingcabs,waiting

ontablesandfillingoutfruitlessapplicationsmonthaftermonth.Andthenmaybetaking

ajobinsomehighschoolorbackwatercollegethatpaysmuchlessthanthejanitorearns.

(7)Youcanequatethelevelofincomewiththelevelofeducationonlysofar.Far

enough,thatis,tomakeyouusefultothegrossnationalproduct,butnotsofarthat

nobodycanturnmuchofaprofitonyou.

1、BymentioningBernardShawandThomasEdison,theauthormeanstosupportthe

ideathat.

A>one'schancetosucceedhasnothingtodowitheducation

B、manytalentedpeoplebecomesuccessfulwithouteducation

C、fewpeoplecanbesuccessfulwithoutahighschooleducation

D、peopleasfamousasthemwillsucceedwithoutpropereducation

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第2段第2句中的unless表明所举的例子是例外，即表明像萧伯纳和

爱迪生那样没读完小学都能成功是少有的例子，因此C为正确的说法。该段首句

表明一定的教育程度还是必需的，所以A不正确；B是将例子提到的现象推广为

普遍现象，并非作者引用例子的原意；D将因果倒置了，萧伯纳和爱迪生因为他们

的成就而闻名，而不是先出名再成功的，D不符合逻辑。

2、Thelawofdiminishingreturnsismanifestedbythefactthat.

A^theeldergenerationsearnlessthantheirchildren'sgenerations

B、ordinarytruckdrivershavetoworkharderthanfullprofessors

C、acollegediplomaismorepromisingthanahighschooldiploma

D、peoplewithaB.A.earnmorethanthosewithadoctor'sdegree

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：从第4段的例子可以推断第3段末句提到的ihelawofdiminishing

returns意为：受教育越多，收入越少。据此判断，可知D为正确的说法。

3、ItisindicatedinthepassagethatitismostlikelytorthePh.D.sinphilosophytobe

A、oflittlecommercialvalue

B、notneededbythesociety

C、difficulttosucceedintheirprofession

D^unabletosatisfythecountry'sdemand

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第5段讨论了博上学位的价值，该段表明不能转化为工业或商业效益

的博士学位是没有价值的，其中包括了该段第3句提到的几种博士，而且该句表明

哲学博士的状况最为严峻，结合所有这些信息可以推断A为本题答案。第5段末

句开头的nolforourneeds表明还是需要这些博士的，因此B不正确；本文没有讨

论博士们怎么才算在职业上获得成功，本文只是从收人这个方面比较各个层次的教

育状况，因此C没有原文依据；D与原文刚好相反，D说的是博士不能满足社会的

需求，而原文第5段最后两句讲的是社会不需要那么多的博士。D虽然看起来用词

与原文很相似，但意思却是完全不同的。

(1)ThedramaticcollapseinAmericanconsumerconfidence,followingtheWorldTrade

Centerattack,increasesthelikelihoodthattheUSeconomywillslideintorecession.It's

notanicemessage,butthere'snopointinignoringlife'sharshrealities.(2)America's

economyhadbeendraggedalongtornearly18monthsbytherefusalofUSconsumersto

faceuptothefactthattheywerespendingmorethantheywereearning,shareprices

(especiallyinthehightechsector)wereinretreat,corporateAmericawascutting

investment,andUSunemploymentwasabouttorise.Thedevastationwroughtbythe

suicidekillershasshakenAmericanconsumersfromtheirstateofdenial.InEuropetoo,

consumershavebeenrattledbytheManhattanatrocityandPresidentBush'ssubsequent

determinationtohuntdownthekillers.Asurveybya-researchgrouponbehalfofthe

EuropeanCommissionshowsconsumerconfidencefallingacrosstheeurozonecountries.

(3)Butit'sAmericathatisthegreatestcauseforconcern.WhentheUSstopsspending,

therestoftheworldsuffers.Itimportsmorethananyothercountry.InBritain,for

example,Americansrepresentabigchunkofthetourismmarket,especiallyinLondon.

TheUSisalsocruciallyimportanttoBritish-basedcarmanufacturers,suchasJaguarand

LandRover,whichseemcertaintofeelthepinchalongwithotherluxurybrands.This

economicslowdownisnotthecreationoffeveredpressminds;it'srealandit'snow.

That'swhytheUSgovernmentisconsideringa$100billionrevivalpackage,including

cutsincapitalgainstaxesandcorporatetaxes,tostimulatedemand.Likewise,central

banksinAmerica,EuropeandBritainhavetrimmedimerestratestobeatoffacredit

crunchandlubricatethewheelsofcommerce.Theirswiftactionisatacitadmissionthat

adeeprecessionispossible,ifnotprobably.(4)LeadingUSinvestmentbank,Morgan

Stanley,toldtheFinancialTimes,"NeverintheirlifetimeshavesomanyAmericans

fearedfortheirsafetyingoingtowork,takingtimeoff,orinprocuringtheirdailyneeds.**

Stockmarkets,wheremostinternationalindexesareabout30%belowtheir1999-2030

peaks,aretellingusthatcorporateearningsarelikelytobemuchlowerthananalystshad

expected.Somesectors,suchasairlines,hotelsandinsurancewillbedrivendeepinto

loss.(5)Thereisalsoashare-pricediscountfbruncertainty,thebiggestelementofwhich

istheextentofAmericanmilitaryactions.UntilthescaleoftheMiddleEastconflict

becomesclear,investorswillcontinuetoshuntheriskofequitiestorthecertaintyotcash

andgovernmentbonds.Recoverywillcome.Italwaysdoes.Butaswiftreturntothego-

godaysofthelate1990sisinconceivable.

4、AftertheWorldTradeCenterattack,Americanshavetofacethefollowingrealities

except.

A^thedramaticcollapseinconsumerconfidence

B、thattheyspendmorethantheyearn

C、thattheeconomyslidesintorecession

D^thedeclininginvestmentofthebusinesspeople

标准答案：c-

知识点解析：本题解题的关键是理解题目中的realises,明白题目要求我们分辨哪

些是己经发生了的事，哪些还没有发生。第1段首句中的likelihood“可能性”表明

其后的同位语从句的内容还未发生，因此本题应选C。

5、MorganStanleyhasobservedtheinfluenceoftheattackon.

A^consumerconfidence

B、domesticstockmarket

C^servicesectortrade

D^corporateinvestment

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干中的MorganSlanley定位到第4段首句。根据双引号里的内

容可以推断MorganStanley所说的话与众多的美国人有关，也就是与众多的消费者

有关，可见本题应选A。其他选项都是该段后面的句子提到的内容，但与Moigan

Stanley所说的话关系都不密切，所以都不是最合适的选择。

6、Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthefutureoftheeconomy?

ANHeexpectsthattheeconomywon'trelatetomilitaryactions.

B、Heexpectsthattheeconomywillbebetterthanthelate1990s.

C>Heisaffirmativethattheeconomywillrevive.

D、Heisuncertainwhethertheeconomywillrevive.

标准答案：C

知识点》析：最后一段第3、4句表明作者相信经济在将来一定会复苏，所以本题

应选C。最后一段开头两句提到了军事行动对股票、投资等产生影响，也提及军事

局势明朗后，投资者就能恢复信心，但这不意味着作者认为将来的经济会与军事脱

离关系，因此A不正确；B中的betterthan…属于随意比较，文中并没有比较的依

据；D与原文内容相反，事实上原文作者他很确定经济一定会复苏。

(l)InthesouthofSpain,therewasasmallvillagewhosepeoplewereveryjoyfuland

lucky.Thechildrenplayedundertheshadeoftreesinthegardensoftheirhome.A

shepherdboywhosenamewasNasir,stayednearthevillagewithhisfather,motherand

grandmother.Earlymorningeachday,hetookhisherdofgoalsupthehillstofinda

suitableplaceforthemtograze.Intheafternoonhewouldreturnwiththemtothe

village.Atnighthisgrandmotherwouldtellhimastory.Asusual,ononeofthesedays,

asNasirwaswatchinghisherdandplayinghisflutehesuddenlysawawonderfullight

behindtheflowerbush.Whenhecametowardsthebrancheshesawatransparentand

mostbeautifulcrystalball.(2)Thecrystalballwasglitteringlikeacolorfulrainbow.

Nasircarefullytookitinhishandandturneditaround.Withsurprisesuddenlyhehearda

weakvoicecomingfromthecrystalball.Itsaid,*'Youcanmakeawishthatyourheart

desiresandIwillfulfillit."Nasircouldnotbelievethathehadactuallyheardavoice.But

hebecamesoengrossedinhisthoughtsforhehadsomanywishesbuthemustwishfor

somethingwhichwasimpossiblelikethewishtobeabletofly.Hesaidtohimself,"IfI

waittilltomorrowIwillremembermanythings."Heputthecrystalballinabagand

gatheredtheherd,happilyreturningbacktothevillage.Hedecidedthathewouldnottell

anyoneaboutthecrystalball.Onthefollowingdayalso,Nasircouldnotdecidewhatto

wishfbr,becausehereallyhadeverythingheneeded.(3)Thedayspassedasusual,and

Nasirappearedtobeverycheerfulthatthepeoplearoundhimwereamazedtoseehis

cheerfuldisposition.OnedayaboyfollowedNasirandhisherdandhidbehindatree.

Nasirasusualsatinonecorner,tookoutthecrystalballandforafewmomentslookedat

it.TheboywaitedforthemomentwhenNasirwouldgotosleep.Thenhetookthe

crystalballandranaway.Whenhearrivedinthevillage,hecalledallthepeopleand

showedthemthecrystalball.Thecitizensofthatvillagetookthecrystalballintheir

handandturneditaroundwithsurprise.Suddenlytheyheardavoicefrominsidethe

crystalball,whichsaid,"Icanfulfillyourwish."Onepersontooktheballandscreamed,

"Iwantonebagfullofgold."Anothertooktheballandsaidloudly,"Iwanttwochests

fullofjewelry."(4)Someofthemwishedthattheywouldhavetheirownpalacewith

granddoormadefrompuregoldinsteadoftheiroldhouses.Somealsowishedforbags

fullofjewelry,butnobodyaskedforgardensintheirpalaces.Alltheirwisheswere

fulfilledbutstillthecitizensofthevillagewerenothappy.Theywerejealousbecausethe

personthathadapalacehadnogoldandthepersonthathadthegoldhadnopalace.For

thisreason,thecitizensofthevillagewereangryandwerenotspeakingtoeachother.

Therewasnotevenonegardenwhichexistedinthevillagewherethechildrencould

play.Thepatienceofthechildrenwasrunningoutandtheywereuncomfortable.Nasir

andhisfamilywerehappyandpleased.Everymorningandafternoonhewouldplaythe

flute.(5)Thechildrencouldnotwaitanymoreanddecidedtoreturnthecrystalballto

Nasir,Theparentsandneighbourswenttohim.ThechildrensaidtoNasir,"Whenwc

hadasmallvillageweallwerehappyandjoyful."Theparentsalsosaid,"Inonewayor

anothernobodyishappy.Theexpensivepalacesandjewelryonlybringuspain."When

Nasirsawthatthepeoplewerereallyregretful,hesaid,"Ihavenotwishedtillnow,if

youreallywanteverythingtoreturntoitsownplace,thenIwillwishforit."Everyone

happilya-greed.Nasirtookthecrystalballinhishand,turneditaroundandwishedthat

thevillagebecomethesameasitwasbefore.Everyonequicklyturnedtowardsthe

villageandsawitbecamethesameoldvillagewithgardensfulloftreesandfruits.Once

againthepeoplestartedtolivehappilyandthechildrenplayedundertheshadeoftrees.

Fromthenextdayandeverydayatsunset(hesoundofNasir'sflutecouldbeheardinthe

village.

7、"Nasirandhisfamilywerehappyandpleased"because.

A、onlytheirfamilyhadagarden

theirlifewasnotdisturbedbytheball

C、theysawthetroublecausedbytheball

D^theyonlywishedforahappylife

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从第5段第1句可以知道当村民们逐一向水晶球许愿时，Nasir一家

并没有要回水晶球，也就是说他们的生活还保持像没有水晶球以前一样，由此可

见，本题应选B。也因此可以排除D。

8、Thestorymaywellillustratetheproverb"

A、Acontentedmindisacontinualfeast

B、Alittlelearningisadangerousthing

C、Everyadvantagehasitsdisadvantage

D、Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves

标准答案：A

知识点解析：通读全文可以知道本文通过Nasir和水晶球的故事说明了“知足者常

乐”的道理，A正是这个意思，为本题的正确选项。本文的故事很简单.，但是要正

确回答本题，就要对英语谚语有所了解。B的意思是：只知道皮毛是一件危险的

事；C的意思是：有利必有弊；D的意思是：天助自助者。

(1)Theymaybejustpassingyouroffice,computerbagslungoveroneshoulder.Orthey

maybesittinginacaroutsideit,casuallytappingawayatalaptop.Theylooklike

innocentpassers-by.Infact,theyarestealingyourcorporatesecrets.(2)Drive-byhacking

isthetrendytermgiventothepracticeofbreakingintowirelesscomputernetworksfrom

outsidethebuildingsthathousethem.ArecentstudyintheUK,sponsoredbyRSAData

Security,foundthattwo-thirdsoforganizationswithwirelessnetworkswereriskingtheir

datainthisway.SecurityexpertspatrolledseveralstreetsintheCityofLondonseeking

evidenceofwirelessnetworksinoperation.(3)Of124thattheyidentified,83were

sendingdatawithoutencryptingthem.Suchdatacouldreadilybepickedupbyapasser­

byarmedonlywithaportablecomputer,awirelessmodemandafewpiecesofsoftv/are

thatcanbefreelydownloadedfromtheInternet.(4)Thedatacouldincludesensitive

companydocumentscontainingvaluableinformation.Ortheycouldbee-mailidentities

andpasswordsthatcouldbeusedbyhackerstologintocorporatenetworksasifthey

werelegitimateusers.(5)Mostcompaniesusingwirelessnetworkingtechnologydonot

takeeventhesimplestofprecautionstoprotecttheirdata.Nearlyallwirelessnetwork

technologycomeswithsomebasicsecurityfeaturesthatneedonlytobeactivatedin

ordertogiveaminimumlevelofsecurity,forexample,byencryptingthedatabeing

passedoverthenetwork.(6)RaymondKruck,businessdevelopmentmanageratCheck

PointSoftware,asecuritytechnologyspecialist,believesthiscouldbepartlya

psychologicalproblem.Peopleseethesolidwallsoftheirbuildingasbulwarksandforget

thatwirelessnetworkscanextendupto200metersbeyondphysicalwalls.(7)Companies

withoutanysecurityalallontheirwirelessnetworksmakeitrisiblyeasyforhackersto

breakin.Switchingonthesecuritythatcomeswiththenetworktechnologyshouldbe

automatic.Thenthereareotherbasicstepsacompanycantake,saysMr.Kruck,suchas

changingthepasswordsonthenetworkfromthedefaultsetting.(8)Companiescanalso

installfirewalls,whichformabarrierbetweentheinternalnetworkandthepublic

Internet.Theyshouldalsochecktheircomputerrecordsregularlytospotanyabnormal

activity,whichmightbetraythepresenceofahacker.

9、Whichofthefollowingisnotconsideredinthestudy?

A、Thenumberofwirelesshackingincidents.

B、Thenumberofwirelesscomputernetworks.

C>Thewayinwhichdataaresentandreceived.

D、Thewayinwhichdataarehackedandstolen.

标准答案:A

知识点解析：根据题干中的study可以知道本题涉及的段落较多。第2、3段概括

性地介绍了研究结果。从这两段所述可以知道只有A的内容没有包括在研究的范

国内。根据笫3段首句中的数字就可以知道B是研究的内容之一；同时，该句中

的encrypting涉及数据传输过程，因数据传输的方式包括是否有将数据加密，可见

C也是研究内容；第3段第2句提到的很轻易窃取数据的方法表明D也包括在研究

内容里面。

10、RaymondKruckmostprobablyagreesthatwirelessnetworksecurityinvolves

A、wirelesssignaladministration

changesinusers'awareness

C>users'psychologicalhealth

D、strongerphysicalwalls

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第6段首句中的psychological表明Kruck认为网络的安全问题与人们

的想法有关，人们只认为有形的墙就是安全的，