2011届高考英语二轮专题复习课件(湖南专用)：阅读理解-专题一人物传记类

1、专题一 人物传记类,专题 一 人物传记类,专题 一 专题导读,人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要描写某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。这类文章常采用倒叙的写作方法，即首先用几句话来简单介绍这个人，接着介绍这个人的出生、成长过程，然后再记述他(她)一两件主要的事情或业绩，来反映他(她)的思想、品德和情操，最后作者会对他(她)进行评论，从而表达作者对他(她)的情感。,专题 一 专题导读,人物传记类文章一般较长，而且该类命题的题量也较多。文章中

2、往往会出现关于该人物的大量细节信息，有些细节很直接，只需理解字面意思即可；有些则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能得出。因此，该类命题既注重考查对特定细节理解的准确性，又注重考查推理判断能力。 另外，虽然人物传记类文章的时间、空间或逻辑线索较清晰，但是为了提高难度，命题者往往使用倒叙，插叙或补叙等手段故意打乱故事的陈述次序，使行文的跳跃性增强，情节复杂化。,专题 一 真题再现,2010湖南 When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951，her mother told her，“Be sure and take a typing course so w

3、hen this show business thing doesnt work out，youll have something to rely on.”Mary responded in typical teenage fashion.From that moment on，“the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course，”she recalls.,专题 一 真题再现,The show business thing worked out，of course.In her career，Ma

4、ry won many awards.Only recently，when she began to write Growing Up Again，did she regret ignoring her mom.“I dont know how to use a computer，”she admits.,专题 一 真题再现,Unlike her 1995 autobiography，After All，her second book is less about life as an awardwinning actress and more about living with diabete

5、s (糖尿病)All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF)，an organization she serves as international chairman.“I felt there was a need for a book like this，”she says.“I didnt want to lecture，but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when w

6、ere selfcontrolled and do our part in managing the disease.”,专题 一 真题再现,But she hasnt always practiced what she teaches.In her book，she describes that awful day，almost 40 years ago，when she received two pieces of lifechanging news.First，she had lost the baby she was carrying and second，tests showed t

7、hat she had diabetes.In a childlike act，she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈),专题 一 真题再现,Years would pass before she realized she had to grow upagainand take control of her diabetes，not let it control her.Only then did she kick her threepackaday cigarette habit，overcom

8、e her addiction to alcohol，and begin to follow a balanced diet.,专题 一 真题再现,Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fall into selfpity.“Everybody on earth can ask，why me？about something or other，”she insists.“It doesnt do any goo

9、d.No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache pain，and disappointments.Sometimes we can make things better by helping others.Ive come to realize the importance of that as Ive grown up this second time.I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”,专题 一 真题再现,( )1. Why did Mary feel regretful? A. She did

10、nt achieve her ambition. B. She didnt take care of her mother. C. She didnt complete her high school. D. She didnt follow her mothers advice. ( )2. We can know that before 1995 Mary _. A. had two books published B. received many career awards C. knew how to use a computer D. supported the JDRF by wr

11、iting,专题 一 真题再现,( )3. Marys second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her _. A. living with diabetes B. successful show business C. service for an organization D. remembrance of her mother ( )4. When Mary received the lifechanging news，she _. A. lost control of herself B. began a balanced diet C.

12、 tried to get a treatment D. behaved in an adult way,专题 一 真题再现,( )5. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Mary feels pity for herself. B. Mary has recovered from her disease. C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible. DMary determines to go back to the dance floor.,专题 一 真题再现,【文章大意】 本文

13、主要介绍了玛丽摩尔职业生涯及与病魔之争。 1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her mom. “I dont know how to use a computer，” she admits.可判断选D。 2. B 细节理解题。根据第二段“The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards.”可判断选B。,专题 一 真题再现,

14、3. A 细节理解题。根据第三段“her second book is less about life as an awardwinning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病)”可判断选A。 4. A 细节理解题。根据第四段“In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow upagainand

15、take control of her diabetes, not let it control her.”可判断选A。,专题 一 真题再现,5. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Mary Moore 所说的话“Ive come to realize the importance of that as Ive grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”可推断她想尽可能地去帮助他人，故选C。,专题 一 专题预测,(一) Roger Yonchien Tsien (born Febru

16、ary 1, 1952)is an American biochemist and a professor at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego. He was awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein (GFP)with two other chemists Osamu Shimomura

17、 and Martin Chalfie.,专题 一 专题预测,Tsien had a number of top engineers in his extended family, including his father HsueChu Tsien，who was a mechanical engineer and his mothers brothers who were engineering professors at MIT. Both of Tsiens parents came from Zhejiang Province, China. The famous rocket sc

18、ientist Tsien Hsueshen, regarded as the cofounding father of JPL of Caltech and later the director of the Chinese ballisticmissile program, is a cousin of Tsiens father.,专题 一 专题预测,Tsiens brother Richard Tsien is also a renowned scientist at Stanford. Tsien, who calls his own work molecular engineeri

19、ng, once said, “Im doomed by heredity to do this kind of work”.,专题 一 专题预测,He attended Harvard University on a National Merit Scholarship, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa as a junior. After completing his bachelors degree, he joined the Physiological Laboratory at the University of Cambridge i

20、n Cambridge, England with the aid of a Marshall Scholarship. He received his PhD in physiology from Churchill College, University of Cambridge in 1977.He was a Research Fellow at Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge from 1977 to 1981.,专题 一 专题预测,Academic career After completing his PhD

21、 at Cambridge University, he was appointed to the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley, from 1982 to 1989.Since 1989 he has been working at the University of California, San Diego, as Professor of Pharmacology and Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and an investigator of the Howar

22、d Hughes Medical Institute.,专题 一 专题预测,Research Tsien is renowned for revolutionizing the fields of cell biology and neurobiology by allowing scientists to peer inside living cells and watch the behavior of molecules in real time. In 2004, Tsien was awarded the Wolf Prize in Medicine. In 2006 he beca

23、me a Foreign Fellow of the Royal Society in the UK. Dr. Tsien also helps promote science education to promising young scientists through the firstever Lunch with a Laureate Program.,专题 一 专题预测,( )1.We can infer from the article _. ARoger Yonchien Tsien was born in China and brought up in America BRog

24、er Yonchien Tsiens family seem to have a great gift for science CRoger Yonchien achieved more achievements than Osamu Shimomura and Martin Chalfie DTsien Hsueshen is the nephew of Roger Yonchien Tsien,专题 一 专题预测,( )2.The underlined word “renowned”probably means _. Anew Bwellknown Cgood Dreliable ( )3

25、.What did Tsien mean when he said “Im doomed by heredity to do this kind of work”？ AHis teacher asked him to do the work. BHe has to do such kind of work for he has no other interest.,专题 一 专题预测,CHis parents force him to do research into the science. DHe was born to study science because there are so

26、 many scientists in his family. ( )4.Which of the following might be a university? AGFP. BPhi Beta Kappa. CMIT. DSan Diego.,专题 一 专题预测,( )5.Which of the following can be chosen as the best title? ARoger Yonchien Tsien Won Nobel Prize for 2008 BRoger Yonchien Tsien and His Family CThe Great Achievemen

27、ts of Mr. Tsien DA Short Introduction of Roger Yonchien Tsien,专题 一 专题预测,【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了Roger Yonchien Tsien获得诺贝尔奖以及他的科学家血统的家族和他的学习经历。 1B 推理判断题。通过第二段”Tsien had a number of top engineers in his extended family“以及此段后面列举的Roger Yonchien Tsien家族的父辈，祖父辈等都是工程师、科学家的表述得知他们家族在科研方面的天赋。而A中的”born in China“文中没有提到。,

28、专题 一 专题预测,由文中第一段”He was awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein (GFP)with two other chemists Osamu Shimomura and Martin Chalfie.并不能说明他获得的成就高于另外两人。由“The famous rocket scientist Tsien Hsueshen, regarded as the cofounding father of JP

29、L of Caltech and later the director of the Chinese ballisticmissile program, is a cousin of Tsiens father .”可以看出D的表述刚好反过来,专题 一 专题预测,2B 词义猜测题。通过上文对Roger Yonchien Tsien这位科学家获得2008诺贝尔化学奖以及后文对他在科研方面突出成就的描述可以猜出，此处的renowned应该是 “闻名于世”的意思。 3D 推理判断题。通过第二段对他家族如此多的科学家的表述，又由Tsien, who calls his own work molecul

30、ar engineering, once said, Im doomed by heredity to do this kind of work.可推测这句话最可能的意思就是“祖祖辈辈遗传下来，命中注定要做这个工作的”。,专题 一 专题预测,4C 细节理解题。由第二段“including his father HsueChu Tsien，who was a mechanical engineer and his mothers brothers who were engineering professors at MIT”得出，MIT是个大学名字。A错误，由第一段“the green fluo

31、rescent protein (GFP)”可知。C错误，由第三段“He attended Harvard University on a National Merit Scholarship, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa as a junior.”可知其中哈佛大学才是university。D错误，由第四段“Since 1989 he has been working at the University of California, San Diego，”可知，加利佛尼亚大学在San Diego市。,专题 一 专题预测,5D 标题归纳题。A、B

32、、C均不全面。前三段对Roger Yonchien Tsien获得诺贝尔奖以及他的科学家血统的家族和他的学习经历分别进行了介绍。,专题 一 专题预测,(二) Michael Joseph Jackson was born on August 29, 1958.He was born in Gary, Indiana. He was the seventh child out of nine children in his family. Michael was often physically abused by his father, beaten up and also verbally

33、abused. But Michael also owed his success to his fathers being strict. Michael was always an entertainer. Even when he just joined school, he would perform in front of friends and classmates. Michael started his professional music career at the age of 11, as a member of The Jackson Five.,专题 一 专题预测,H

34、es wellknown for increasing the popularity of MTV through his music videos. Before this, music videos were made just to promote the albums. But Michaels videos managed to change that in videos being made as an art, and for big business. Some of the music videos that are good examples of this fact ar

35、e Beat It, Billie Jean, and Thriller. Through these works of his, the world got caught onto the idea of music videos and dedicated music video channels.,专题 一 专题预测,Michael enthralled his fans and audiences with his style of singing, dressing, and his complex dance moves, especially the “Moonwalk”. Th

36、e moonwalk is something that people from every part of the globe love and try to imitate. People have also done mass moonwalks all around to show their love towards him.,专题 一 专题预测,Michael Jackson supported 39 charities. Through his work and various foundations, he raised and donated millions toward

37、charity, much more than any other showman. He had great love for children, especially the poor ones, and he felt children were the next best thing after God.,专题 一 专题预测,Michael planed to start a 50concert tour in July 2009.Sadly, on 25th June, 2009, Michael passed away at home. Michael Jackson was a

38、great performer, showman and entertainer, besides the good human and charitable person that he was. Its very unlikely that there will ever be another entertainer like Michael Jackson ever again.,专题 一 专题预测,( )1.Which of the following topics is not described about Michael Jackson in the passage? AChildhood. BPersonal life. CMusic career. DCharity. ( )2.According to the passage, Michael Jackson _. Alived a happy life as a child Bfell in love with music at 11 Cloved perform