高考英语复习精品语法课件-定语从句

1、专题十 定语从句,专题十 定语从句,专题十 专题导读,定语从句考查的重点是关系副词与关系代词的区分及“介词关系代词”型的定语从句，其中对as，which，whose用法的考查也比较多。考查方式由知识结构的单一性向综合性、交叉性转变；由重点考查关系代词向 “介词关系代词”以及关系副词转变。学习时尤其要注意以下两种定语从句：1. 使用where而非“地点”型定语从句。定语从句的先行词是mark, situation, case, point, scene, business等名词而且从句缺少状语时，要使用where表示“一种特定的情况”或“一个特定的场合”。2. “分裂”型定语从句。即运用插入语、

2、介词、副词短语等手段使先行词远离关系代词或关系副词，以达到增加试题难度的效果。 2012年对定语从句考查将会继续遵循上述考点。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）1.2011全国卷Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt，_ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. Athis Bthat Cwhat Dwhich 【解析】 D 本题考查非限制性定语从句。which代表前面的整个句子的内容，指特德只穿短裤和T恤衫来度周末这件事。this和that均构成单句，逗号不能连接两个单句；

3、what不是关系代词，不引导定语从句。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）2.2011安徽卷 Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator，_it will keep for two or three weeks. Awhen Bwhich Cwhere Dwhile 【解析】 C 考查定语从句。首先注意本句中的keep表示“（食物）保持不坏”，如：Finish off the pieit wont keep.（把馅饼吃了吧搁不住。）；其次从句的主语it指代的是Whatever is left over（剩下的任何东西），从句的全句为：Wh

4、atever is left over will keep for two or three weeks in the refrigerator. 先行词为refrigerator，在从句中作地点状语，故选C。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）3.2011北京卷 Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，_， of course, made all the others upset. Awho Bwhich Cwhat Dthat 【解析】 B 考查定语从句的关系词。去掉干扰成分of course后，题干会更清晰。可以看出，使大家不

5、安的是前面所说的事情，即：Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，代替前面所说的一件事情，要用which引导的非限制性定语从句。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）4.2011福建卷 She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students_ allows them to communicate freely with each other. A. which B. where C. what D. who 【解析】 A 本题考查定语从句。句意：她具有给学生创设一种允许他们

6、自由交流的氛围的天赋。分析句子结构可知，定语从句“_allows them to communicate freely with each other”修饰先行词atmosphere，将先行词代入从句后为：The atmosphere allows them to communicate freely with each other.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且指代物，所以须用关系代词which，故正确答案为A项。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）5.2011湖南卷 Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of _ she spok

7、e fluently. Awho Bwhom Cwhich Dthat 【解析】 C 本题考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知“all of _”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰指代物的“German, French and Russian”，故排除A、B两项，又根据that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故选C。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）6.2011江西卷 She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction_ had taken more than three years. Afor which Bwith which Cof whi

8、ch Dto which 【解析】 C 考查定语从句。句意为：她带参观者在博物馆里到处参观，这家博物馆的建设花了三年多时间。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）7.2011全国卷 The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. Athat Bwhich Cwhose Dwhat 【解析】 C 本题考查定语从句引导词的用法。本空在定语从句中作story的定语，因此用 whose。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）8.2011山东卷 The old town has narrow streets and small houses

9、 _ are built close to each other. Athey Bwhere Cwhat Dthat 【解析】 D 本题考查定语从句。从结构判断，houses后面是一个定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，因此用that引导。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）9.2011陕西卷 I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, _we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. Awhich Bwhere Cwho Dthat 【解析】 B 考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是th

10、e top of the hill，在此处指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，选B。其余选项与题意不符。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）10.2011四川卷 The school shop, _customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. Awhich Bwhose Cwhen Dwhere 【解析】 B 本题考查定语从句。此处是whose引导的非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作customers的定语。句意为“这个学校商店其顾客大多是学生因此放假就关门了。”,专题十 真题典例,（ ）11.2011天津卷 T

11、he days are gone_ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. Awhen Bthat Cwhere Dwhich 【解析】 A 考查定语从句的关系词。解题时要注意，关系词和先行词被are gone隔离。引导一个定语从句，代替表示时间的先行词the days，在从句中作时间状语，所以要用关系副词when。句意为：全靠体力谋生的日子已经一去不复返了。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）12.2011浙江卷 English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ea

12、ch of _uses it somewhat differently. Awhich Bwhat Cthem Dthose 【解析】 A 考查定语从句。本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，在从句中作of的宾语，所以应用关系代词which。,专题十 真题典例,（ ）13.2011浙江卷 A bank is the place_ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. Awhen Bthat Cwhere Dthere 【解析】 C 考

13、查定语从句。本句中的先行词是the place，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。,专题十 新题预测,（ ）1.The small town is just the one you know _ I used to work when I was young. Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhere 【解析】 D 考查定语从句。分析语境逻辑和句子结构可知，先行词the one在从句中作地点状语，因此该空应填where引导的定语从句。做题时应注意先行词与定语从句之间出现的插入语you know。,专题十 新题预测,（ ）2.The hardships of my

14、 early life constantly remind me to provide the best environment for my son，_， I have to admit, may result in a little spoiling（溺爱）. Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwho 【解析】 B 考查定语从句。I have to admit作插入语， which在此引导非限制性定语从句， 充当从句的主语， 代指前面句子的内容。由此可以排除其他选项。,专题十 新题预测,（ ）3.As a result of our serious staff shortages,

15、the situation has risen _ we have to hire graduating college students for help. Athat Bwhen Cwhere DAs 【解析】 C 考查定语从句。把从句补充完整：We have to hire graduating college students for help in the situation，可以看出，先行词为the situation在从句中作状语，故用关系副词where，因此答案为C。,专题十 新题预测,（ ）4.As soon as you get home from school, thin

16、k about the order _ you will do homework and how much time you will spend on each one. Aof which Bin which Cthrough which Dat which 【解析】 B 考查定语从句。此题从搭配入手，inorder意为“按照顺序”，此题即可迎刃而解。,专题十 新题预测,（ ）5.Believe it or not, my sister and I are twins. Oh, you must have had the case_ you were mistaken for your s

17、ister. Awhich Bwhose Cwhere Dwhom 【解析】 C 考查定语从句。语意表示“你肯定有过你被误认为是你姐姐的情况”。where you were taken for your sister是定语从句，修饰先行词the ease，表示的是抽象地点，where可用in which替换。,专题十 新题预测,（ ）6.What does the notice say? All the storytellers should meet at the same hall _ won the first three prizes. Awhat Bas Cwho Dwhich 【解

18、析】 C 考查定语从句。根据句法，这是个分隔式定语从句，从句“_won the first three prizes”缺少主语，先行词“All the storytellers”指人，所以用关系代词who或that，且不能省略。,专题十 新题预测,（ ）7.We stayed in a quiet hotel, _. Anext to it was a thick wood Bnext to which was a thick wood Cnext to it there was a thick wood Dnext to which a thick wood was 【解析】 B 考查定语从句和倒装。句意：我们居住在一个安静的旅馆，旅馆附近是一片茂密的树林。后半句是定语从句，句中的which代指hotel，从句用倒装。,专题十 新题预测,（ ）8.The beautiful village，_ we spent our holiday last month, lies at the foot of a mountain. Awhat Bthat Cwhich Dwher