高中人教版选修7第一单元单词讲解

1、1. disability n.伤残;无力;无能 disabled adj.伤残的 the disabled(指代一类人)伤残人士 disable vt.使丧失能力;使伤残 unable adj. 不能的；不会的,选词填空: disability, disable, disabled, unable He gets money from the Government because of his _. The _ are to receive more money. She managed to lead a normal life in spite of her _. Many soldie

2、rs were _ in the war.,disabilities,disabled,disabilities,disabled,5) People come to agree that the _ should also be treated with respect. 6) People with _ should not be looked down upon. 7) He came from a poor family and was _ to afford so expensive a flat. 8) The unexpected accident _ her from unde

3、rtaking heavy work.,disabled,disabled,disabilities,unable,2. ambition n. 野心;雄心 ambitious adj.有雄心的;野心勃勃的 be ambitious for sth/to do sth对(做)某事怀有雄心/热切的希望 A boy who is ambitious usually works hard. = A boy who is filled with ambition usually works hard. ambitiously adv.野心勃勃地,完成句子: Mothers are often high

4、ly _(怀有热切的期望) their children. I am _(热切希望能成功) in life. His _ (要做首相的雄心) is likely to be realized.,ambitious for,ambitious to succeed,ambition to become prime minister,3. beneficial adj.=having a good or useful effect有益的;受益的 beneficially adv.受益地; 获利地 benefit n.益处;帮助 vt.有益于;有助于vi.受益,常见用法 A be beneficia

5、l to B 对有益, 有益于. =A be of benefit to B =A benefit B B benefit from A 受益于 = B get benefit from A for the benefit of 为了 的利益,翻译: 1) 新鲜空气和优良食物有益于健康.(beneficial) 2) 他的休假已产生了有益的效果.(beneficial) 3) 旅游业对该地区的经济将有裨益.(benefit) 4) 这本书对你没有多大益处.(benefit),Fresh air and good food are beneficial to the health.,His ho

6、liday has had a beneficial effect.,Tourism will benefit the economy of this district.,The book isnt of much benefit to you.,阳光对植物有益. Sunshine _plants. Sunshine _ _ _ plants. Sunshine _ plants. Plants _ _sunshine.,is of benefit to,benefits,benefits from,is beneficial to,4. in other words=that is to s

7、ay换句话说 in a/one word简言之;总之 in word 口头上,翻译: 他们叫他离开-换句话说,他被解雇了. 2) 总之,我不喜欢这份工作. 3) 换句话说,他成了英雄.,They asked him to leave-in other words he was fired.,In a word, I dont like the job.,He became, in other words, a hero.,5. adapt vt. 使适应;改编 adapt (oneself) to使(自己)适应 adapt sth for使某物适应;使某物适合 adapt sth from根据

8、改编某物 adaptable adj.能适应的;可改编的 adaptation n.适应;改编本 adapter/adaptor n.适应者;改编者,介词填空: The play is adapted _ a novel. This book is adapted _ beginners. When you go to a new country, you must adapt yourself _ new customs. Novels are often adapted _ the stage, television and radio.,from,for,to,for,5) 他的生活方式

9、无法适应公司 He could not_ the company . 6) 他能很快适应环境 He is quick to _new circumstances.,adapt his way of life to,adapt himself to,7) When he moved to Canada, the children _ （很能适应变化）,adapted to the change very well.,8) The play is _a novel. 这部电视剧是由小说改编而成的。,adapted from,adapt: 指修改或改变以适应新条件 adjust: 多指 “调整, 调

10、节”使之适应 fit: 多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合” suit: 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况” match: 指“大小、色调、形状、性质”等相配或相称,辨析: adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match,1). You cant see through the telescope until it is _ to your eyes. 2). The shoes _ me well. 3). A red jacket doesnt _ green trousers. 4). No dish _ all tastes. 5). You should _ yourse

11、lf to the new environment.,adjusted,fit,match,suits,adapt,6. breath n.呼吸;气息 out of breath上气不接下气 be short of breath 呼吸短促 catch ones breath喘息;歇口气 hold ones breath不出声;屏息 lose ones breath喘不过气来;呼吸困难 take a deep breath作一次深呼吸 take breath歇口气;歇会儿 take sbs breath away使某人大吃一惊 breathe vt.呼吸 breathing adj.呼吸(着)的

12、 breathless adj.屏息的,1.I was all_ when I got to the top of the mountain. A. held my breath B. out of breath C. taken a deep breath D. taken my breath away 2.We _ while Mr Evans read the exam results. A. took a deep breath B. out of breath C. got our breath back D. held our breath,7. absence n.缺席;不在(某

13、处) absence of mind心不在焉;神不守舍 absent adj.缺席的;不在的 vt.使缺席;使离开 be absent from缺席;不在 presence n.出席;到场 present adj.出席的;在场的;现在的,完成句子: Mr Green will be in charge _ (在我离开期间). Why were you _(旷课) yesterday?,during my absence,absent from school,8. annoy vt.使不悦;惹恼 annoyed adj.颇为生气的 annoying adj.恼人的;讨厌的 annoyingly

14、adv.恼人地;讨厌地 annoyance n.烦恼;使人烦恼的事情 常见用法 annoy sb with sth / by doing sth 因使某人生气 be annoyed at / about / by sth 生某事的气 be annoyed with sb. at sth for doing sth.对(某人)为(某事)而生气 be annoyed that- clause 生的气,单句改错: Its annoyed to miss a train. He was annoyed with the boys rudeness. 3) I felt annoying when he

15、 refused to help. 4) To his annoy, he discovered they hadnt waited.,annoying,at/about,annoyed,annoyance,1. 这些苍蝇正使我感到烦恼. These flies _ me. 2. 夜间不要大声唱歌,以免打扰邻居. Dont _ your neighbours _ singing loudly at night. 3. 因为玛丽忘了给她打电话,她就很生玛丽的气. She _ Mary _ forgetting to phone.,are annoying,annoy,by,was annoyed

16、 with,for,9. all in all总而言之 above all首先;最重要的是 after all毕竟;终究 first of all首先 not at all根本不;别客气 for all虽然;尽管 in all总共 all at once 突然 all alone 独自,选词填空:all in all, above all, after all, for all, in all He is a poor musician _ his training. You must, _, be loyal to your country. There are five hundred b

17、ooks on the shelf _. Everyone makes mistakes, and _, he is only a child. The book has some weak spots, but _ I consider it a success.,for all,above all,in all,after all,all in all,10. make fun of=laugh at 取笑 for fun/in fun为了玩乐;开玩笑地 have fun玩乐,选词填空: make fun of, in fun, have fun The kids at school us

18、ed to _ Jills clothes. Dont get upset. He said it was only _. We _ in camping last week. Its cruel to _ the disabled.,make fun of,for fun,had fun,make fun of,make fun of 相当于play a joke on somebody，是“取笑”的意思。 laugh at 和make fun of 的区别如下： make fun of 有时是善意的取笑，开玩笑； 而laugh at则含有蔑视、看不起的意思。 fun是不可数名词，意为“乐趣

19、”。,11. encouragement n.鼓励;奖励 encourage vt.鼓励;激励;支持 encourage sb in sth在某事上鼓励某人 encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事 encouraged adj.受到鼓励的;被鼓励的 encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的;鼓励的 encouragingly adv.鼓舞人心地,选词填空:encouragement, encourage, encouraged, encouraging My mother _ me to apply for the job. She felt _ by the many

20、letters of support. Praise acts as an _ to the young. The results of the survey have been very _. She was given _ to try something new.,encouraged,encouraged,encouragement,encouraging,encouragement,12. conduct n.行为;品行 vt.指挥;管理 conduct oneself为人;表现 conductor n.管理人;指挥;售票员,完成句子: The guide _(带领游客参观了) th

21、e museum. Im glad to see _(你在校的行为) has improved. The reporter was criticized for _ (不专业行为).,conducted the visitors round,your conduct at school,unprofessional conduct,13. assistance (n) U (v) (n助手) 1) Our government often offers economic (经济上的) to poor families. 2) Its very kind of her to me in doin