虚拟语气.ppt

1、Subjunctive Mood,-虚拟语气,What will you do if it rains tomorrow?,I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.,If I were Obamas daughter , I would be happy.,The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气,These show your good wishes or dreams. It is evident that they are not real or they cant come true It is evident that=It is c

2、lear/obvious that=Clearly,表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。,If I were your teacher, I would give you no homework.,If I worked hard ,I would have a lot of money . If I had a lot of money, I would buy a ticket.,If I bought a ticket, I would be on board. If I were on board, I would sail for America.,Contr

3、ary to the present truth,If_sth, _ sth.,did,would/could/might/should,Jack : Rose, if I hadnt won the ticket, I wouldnt have been on board. If I hadnt been on board, I wouldnt have met you.,If we hadnt been on board, we wouldnt have met this disaster. If the ship hadnt struck on an iceberg, it wouldn

4、t have sunk. If there had been enough lifeboats, we would have got on the boat.,Summary:,与过去相反的假设，if条件句had done, 主句would/could /might have done,Before Jack died ,he said: Rose, if we were alive，I would marry you some day.,If we should marry, we would live a happy life in the future.,Contrary to the

5、future,If_sth, _sth.,did were to do should do,would/could/might/should do,If you had gone to bed earlier yesterday, you would be energetic now.,错综时间(mixed time) 条件句,4)错综时间条件句：,主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，其动词形式要根据时间而定,If I had studied harder , I would not teach here now.,如果他当时听了我的话，现在就不会遇到麻烦,If he had listened

6、 to me, he would not be in such trouble now.,1. If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955, the housing problems now in some parts of this country_ so serious. A. wouldnt be B. will not have been C. wouldnt have been D. would have not been 2. - Would you have told him the answ

7、er had it been possible? - I would have, but I _ so busy then. A. had been B. were C. was D. would be,虚拟语气,二.省略 if 的条件从句 当从句中有 were, had 或 should 时，可省略if ，而把它们放在句首。 If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow, If he should fail in the experiment this time,

8、he would try again. Should he fail in the experiment If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.,虚拟语气在 在条件从句中,Were I you, I would buy the beautiful house., Should I have time tomorrow, I would go to the gym with you.,5)含蓄条件句：不是用条

9、件句，而是由 介词短语(without, but for 要不是), otherwise(否则）或上下文来表示某种假设 But for your help, we couldnt have succeeded. Without your help, I wouldnt have passed the exam. She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early.,The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气,These show your good wishes or drea

10、ms. 退一步海阔天空（时态往后退） It also can show suggestions, orders, requirements 要用should+do 构成 (P87记得要背诵这些词(o)哦,09 年高考再现,It is recommended that you _swim after eating a large meal. A. wouldnt B. couldnt C. neednt D. shouldnt,用于宾语从句中:,2. 用于名词性从句中:,(1)在insist, order, command, advise, propose, suggest , recomman

11、d demand, desire, request, require, urge 后用should + 动词原形, should可省略:,（一坚持二命令三建议四要求）,但是: 当suggest表示“暗示,表明” insist表示“坚 持认为”时,不用虚拟语气:,1.The guard at gate demanded that everybody _ (obey) the rules. 2.He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that _(send) to hospitals at once. 3.He suggested that we_

12、(have) a meeting at once. 4.His pale face suggested that he_(be) ill.,obey,was,be sent,have,was,) 用于主语从句中:,(1)用在 It is suggested / requested / demanded ordered/desired/proposed/advised/insisted + that 从句中, 从句用 (should) + 动词原形: Its suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week. It was

13、 ordered that the wounded soldiers be sent to the field hospital at once. (2)用在 It is necessary / important / strange / natural / surprising / essential /shocking / sad / a pity / a shame / no wonder / + that 从句中, 从句用 (should) + 动 词原形 :,eg: It is necessary that the customs of all national minorities

14、 be respected. It is strange that he should have said so. Its a pity that I should do it again. It is not surprising that Alfred should have married Amy. 但(2)部分也可不用虚拟语气: eg: It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. It is strange that he didnt come yesterday.,3) 用于表语从句中:,(1) 在advice, demand, or

15、der, proposal, request, suggestion 等后面的表语从句中: My advice is that he wait till next week. Her suggestion is that we (should) learn all the texts by heart. The generals order was that all the soldiers reach the border in ten hours.,(2) 当as if, as though 引导表语从句时: eg. He looks as if he were an artist. Th

16、ey appear as though they had been friends for years.,4) 用于同位语从句中:,在advice, demand, order, proposal, request, suggestion 等后面的同位语从句中, 如: We all agree to his suggestion that we go to the Happy Valley for an outing. Order came that the soldiers be sent to the border. Here is the doctors advice that you

17、should take the medicine 4 times a day.,3、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；,1）wish + 宾语从句,现在： 过去： 未来：,过去时 (did/were),过去完成时 (had done),would/could/might+V. should,I wish I were a bird . (现在),I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,2）would rather that -,现在： 过去： 未来：,I would rather

18、you paid me now. (现在),I would rather you had gone, too. (过去),Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3).Its high time +that -,should +V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Its high time that you went. Its high time that you should go.,Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go t

19、o bed.,3） as if /though + 从句,现在： 过去：,过去时,过去完成时,It seems as if it were spring. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.,不接虚拟语气的用法，表示可能或真实的 情形。 It looks as if I am going to be busy. It looks as though it is going to rain.,4. 用于 if only (要是多好)引导的感叹句中, 如: If only I were a bird! If onl

20、y I had known her telephone number !,If only tomorrow were Christmas ! How I wish it were Christmas tomorrow !,If it _(be) Christmas tomorrow, I _(get) some gifts.,were,would get,1、If I am a fish ,I could swim freely in the sea. 2、Had you told me earlier, I would finish the task ahead of time.,_,wer

21、e,_,have finished,Correction,3.I would rather he visit the gallery next weekend.,_,visited,Choices,1. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the park. A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will,2. Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. m

22、issed,Complete the following sentences. 1.If you got full marks next time ,I _（请你听）the concert. (treat) 2.If it _（如果没有下雨）in the morning, I would be in the town now. (not rain),3. _I _（去参加） to Toms birthday party, I would have met her there. (go) 4. Its time we _ （关注） the climate change. (pay) 5. Wit

23、hout your suggestion that I _（出发）early ,I wouldnt have arrived on time. (set) 6. The manager required the materials_（不用完）before Friday.(run),would treat you to,hadnt rained,Had gone,paid /should pay attention to,set off,not run out,Last Sunday Jim went to attend a party, he drank a lot. After dinner, his friends advised he _ (go) home by bike