新世纪英语专业综合教程(第二版)第4册_Unit9.ppt

1、Unit9,Watch the movie clip and answer the following questions.,How do you understand the statement that “every stammerer always fears they will fall back to square one”?,Pre-reading Activities - Audiovisual supplement 1,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural background,This statement points out the psychol

2、ogical cause of stammering. It means that anyone who suffers from stammering may have the fear of being defeated in competition, or being inferior to his rivals.,Lionel asked the king to erase the shadow of his father and bother as better kings than himself, remove the invisible pressure they gave h

3、im when he was a child, and be himself.,2. What is Lionels suggestion for the King to shrug away his psychological problem ?,Pre-reading Activities - Audiovisual supplement 2,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural background,The Kings Speech,The two men enter and sit down. A moment of uncertainty. Then Ber

4、tie blurts.,Video Script1,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural background,Heres your shilling, Logue (puts shilling down) I understand what you were trying to say, Logue. I went about it the wrong way. Im sorry. Now here I am. Is the nation ready for two minutes of radio silence? Every stammerer always f

5、ears they will fall back to square one. I dont let that happen. You wont let that happen.,BERTIE LIONEL BERTIE LIONEL,Video Script1,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural background,If I fail in my duty. David could come back. Ive seen the placards “Save Our King!” They dont mean me. Every other monarch in

6、 history succeeded someone who was dead, or about to be. My predecessor is not only alive, but very much so. What a bloody mess! I cant even give them a Christmas Speech. Like your Dad used to do? Precisely. Your father. Hes not here. Yes he is. Hes on that bloody shilling I gave you.,BERTIE LIONEL

7、BERTIE LIONEL BERTIE,Video Script1,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural background,Easy enough to give away. You dont have to carry him around in your pocket. Or your brother. You dont need to be afraid of things you were afraid of when you were five. A pause Youre very much your own man, Bertie. Your fa

8、ce is next, mate.,66 LIONEL LIONEL (CONTD),Stuttering,Cultural background 1,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural background,Stuttering is a communication disorder that affects the fluency of speech. It begins during childhood and, in some cases, persists throughout the life span. The disorder is characte

9、rized by disruptions in the production of speech sounds, known as “disfluencies.”,Disfluencies are not necessarily problematic; however, they can impede communication when a speaker produces too many of them or does not resolve them promptly.,Cultural background 2,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural bac

10、kground,2. Stuttered speech,Stuttered speech often includes repetitions of words or parts of words, as well as prolongations of speech sounds. The frequency of these disfluencies among people who stutter tends to be much greater than it is for the general population.,Structural analysis,This text is

11、 an autobiographical narrative and it is intended to tell the readers that the building-up of self-confidence is very important to ones personal development.,Part I,(Paragraphs 1 2): The writer presents a striking contrast between his successful career as an actor and television announcer and his se

12、vere stutter in his early childhood. (beginning),Rhetorical features,Structural analysis,Part II,(Paragraphs 3 22): The author recollects how his high school teacher, Professor Crouch, helped him to overcome his stutter and find his voice. (development),Structural analysis,Rhetorical features,Struct

13、ural analysis,Part III,(Paragraphs 23 29): The author tells the reader how his voice found with the help of Professor Crouch turned a new leaf in his life and brought him great successes in memorable roles on stage, in films, and on television, and how grateful he is to his teacher, “the father of m

14、y resurrected voice.” (ending),Rhetorical Features 1,Rhetorical features,Structural analysis,The New Testament is mentioned twice in the text, first in the first paragraph and then in the last paragraph. It is repeated and distributed this way to give the essay a sense of completeness and to imply t

15、hat Professor Crouch was “the father of his resurrected voice”. Resurrection refers to the rising of Jesus from the tomb after his death. His resurrection is the basis for the Christian belief that not only Jesus but all Christians will triumph over death.,HOW I FOUND MY VOICE James Earl Jones Today

16、 I am known for my voice as much as for my acting. It has been my good fortune to receive jobs such as the speaking role of Darth Vader in George Lucass Star Wars trilogy and the voice-over announcer for CNN cable television. I also narrated Aaron Coplands Lincoln Portrait on a compact disc I record

17、ed with the Seattle Symphony. Perhaps my greatest honor came when I was asked to read the New Testament on tape. But it took a long time to believe such good things could happen to me. When I was a youngster I stuttered so badly I was completely unable to speak in public.,Detailed reading1-2,Detaile

18、d reading,1,2,Detailed reading3-4,Detailed reading,Since I was eight Id had trouble speaking. It was so bad that whenever I stood up in class to read, the other kids snickered and laughed. I always sat down, my face burning with shame. Im not sure what caused my stuttering. Perhaps it was an emotion

19、al problem. I was born in Arkabutla, Mississippi, and when I was about five, I moved to live with my grandparents on their farm near Dublin in northern Michigan. It was traumatic moving from the warm, easy ways of catfish country to the harsh climate of the north, where people seemed so different.,3

20、,4,Detailed reading5,Detailed reading,Fortunately, my granddaddy was a gentleman, a farmer who taught me to love the land. He was short and he had a prodigious amount of energy. He even built a church to please grandmother, a fervent worshiper of the Lord. All sorts of people were invited to our lit

21、tle church; white, black and American Indian came together in a nondenominational fellowship. Granddads Irish heritage came out in his love for language; during the week he used “everyday talk”, but on Sunday he spoke only the finest English.,5,Detailed reading6-7,Detailed reading,As much as I admir

22、ed his fluency, I couldnt come close to it. I finally quit Sunday school and church, not wanting to be humiliated any more. All through my grade school years, the only way the teacher could assess my progress was for me to write down everything I had learned. Oh, I could talk, all right. Our farm an

23、imals knew that. I found it easy to call the pigs, tell the dogs to round up the cows, and vent my feelings to Fanny, the horse whose big brown eyes and lifted ears seemed to express interest in all I said. But when visitors came and I was asked to say hello, I could only stand, pound my feet, and g

24、rit my teeth. That awful feeling of my voice being trapped got worse as I grew older.,6,7,Detailed reading8-9,Detailed reading,Then when I was 14, Professor Donald Crouch came to our school. He was a retired college professor who had settled in nearby Brethren, a Mennonite community. When he heard t

25、hat our agricultural high was teaching Chaucer, Shakespeare and other classics, he couldnt stand not being a part of our school. So he left his retreat to teach us English, history and Latin. Donald Crouch was a tall, lean man with gray hair; English was his favorite subject, poetry was his deepest

26、love. Hes been an associate of Robert Frost. He held a book of poems as if it were a diamond necklace, turning pages as if uncovering treasures. He memorized a poem every day, explaining that if he ever lost his eyesight he would still be able to savor all that beauty.,8,9,Detailed reading10-12,Deta

27、iled reading,When he learned that I not only loved poetry but was writing it, we found a kinship. There was, however, one difficulty between us. Professor Crouch (we always called him that) could not stand the fact I refused to read my poems to the class. “Jim, poetry is meant to be read aloud, just

28、 like sermons,” he pressed. “You should be able to speak those beautiful words.” I shook my head and turned away.,10,11,12,Detailed reading13-17,Detailed reading,Then he tricked me. I labored long and hard on a poem, and after handing it in I waited expectantly for his critique. It didnt come. Inste

29、ad, one day as the students assembled, he challenged me. “Jim, I dont think you wrote this.” I stared at him in disbelief. “Why,” I started, anger flooding me, “of course I did!” “Well, then,” he said, “youve got to prove it by getting up and reciting it from memory.” By then the other students had

30、settled at their desks. He looked at me meaningfully and nodded. With knees shaking, I walked up before my peers. “Jim will recite his latest poem,” announced Professor Crouch.,13,14,15,16,17,Detailed reading18-20,Detailed reading,For a moment I stood breathless. I could see smirks and wry smiles on

31、 some faces. Then I began. And kept going. I recited my poem all the way through without hesitation or fault! I stood amazed and floated back to my desk in a daze, amid wild applause. Afterward, Professor Crouch congratulated me. “Aha,” he said. “Now we have something here. Not only will you have to

32、 write more poetry and read it aloud to know how good it feels, but Im sure that you will want to read other writers poetry before the class.” I was dubious about that, but said Id try.,18,19,20,Detailed reading21-22,Detailed reading,Soon I began to discover something other stutterers know. Most hav

33、e no problem singing because the lyrics rhythmic pattern flows by itself. I found the same cadences in poetry, and before long my fellow students actually looked forward to hearing me recite. I loved the rolling beat of The Song of Hiawatha, especially since I had Indian blood in my veins. I discove

34、red I did have a voice, a strong one. Under Professor Crouchs tutelage, I entered oratorical contests and debates. He never pushed anything at me again; he just wanted all his students to wake up.,21,22,Detailed reading23-24,Detailed reading,As my stuttering disappeared, I began dreaming of becoming

35、 an actor, like my father, who was then performing in New York City. No one in my family had ever gone to college. But encouraged by Professor Crouch, I took exams and won a scholarship to the University of Michigan. There I entered the drama department and after graduation fulfilled my ROTC respons

36、ibility by serving with the Armys Cold Weather Training Command on mountain maneuvers in Colorado.,23,24,Detailed reading25-26,Detailed reading,Later, on the GI Bill, I signed up with the American Theater Wing in New York and supported myself between roles by sweeping floors of off-Broadway stages.

37、In 1962 I earned an Obie for my role in an off-Broadway production of Othello, and have been an actor ever since. Meanwhile, I always kept in touch with my old professor, by letter and telephone. Every time we talked it was always, “Hi, Jim. Read any good poetry lately?” He was losing his sight and

38、I remembered his early explanation of why he had memorized poetry. In later years when I was doing Shakespeares Timon of Athens at the Yale Repertory Theater in New Haven, Connecticut, I phoned him. “Can I fly you in from Michigan to see it?”,25,26,Detailed reading27-29,Detailed reading,“Jim,” he si

39、ghed, “Im blind now. Id hate not to be able to see you acting. It would hurt too much.” “I understand, Professor,” I said, helped in part by the realization that though my mentor could no longer see, he was still living in a world vibrant with all of the beautiful treasures he had stored. About two

40、years later I learned Donald Crouch had passed on. When I was asked to record the New Testament, I really did it for a tall, lean man with gray hair who had not only helped to guide me to the author of the Scriptures, but as the father of my resurrected voice, had also helped me find abundant life.,

41、27,28,29,Why could the narrator hardly believe that such good things as described in Paragraph 1 could ever happen to him? (Paragraph 2),Detailed reading2Question 2,Because the great achievements were far beyond the expectations of such a poor stutterer as he used to be. When he was young he was com

42、pletely unable to speak in public due to his serious stuttering. Thus he could never imagine that he would make such good achievements.,Detailed reading,Why does the narrator describe his moving at the age of five as traumatic? (Paragraph 4),Detailed reading5Question 4,Because he felt that the place

43、 he moved to was drastically different climatically and culturally from where he had been.,Detailed reading,Why did the narrator quit Sunday school and church? (Paragraph 6),Detailed reading8Question 67,Because he wanted to avoid the humiliation he suffered there for his stuttering.,Detailed reading

44、,Why does the narrator say the farm animals knew he could talk? (Paragraph 7),Because the animals never laughed at him, he was not nervous at all when he talked to them as a way of venting his feelings.,Why couldnt Professor Crouch stand not being a part of the narrators school? (Paragraph 9),Detail

45、ed reading8Question 9,Because he loved English classics, especially poetry, which was one of the subjects taught at the narrators school. His deep love for poetry was vividly described in the metaphor: “He held a book of poems as if it were a diamond necklace, turning pages as if uncovering treasure

46、s.”,Detailed reading,What event made the narrator open his mouth in public without stuttering for the first time? (Paragraphs 1318),Detailed reading8Question 1318,It was Professor Crouchs trick. When the narrator handed in his poem, Crouch purposefully challenged him for his authorship. Consequently

47、 the narrator was provoked into reciting his poem in the presence of his classmates without stuttering.,Detailed reading,Detailed reading8 Activity,Group discussions Have you ever spoken to a large audience? How did you feel? Do you think voice is important to personal development?,Detailed reading,

48、Comparison:,newscaster, host/hostess newscaster: sb. who reads the news during a newscast host/hostess: sb. who introduces and talks to the people taking part in television or radio programs,e.g.,The newscaster was in competition with ten others for the job.,e.g.,Benidick is a popular TV host.,the v

49、oice-over announcer: the unseen announcer who makes a commentary or gives an explanation which is heard as part of a film or television program,Detailed reading1 the voice-over announcer,Detailed reading,in public: If you do sth. in public, people in general will hear about it or see it.,Detailed re

50、ading1 in public,Detailed reading,e.g.,She was too proud to show her grief in public. On this occasion, we departed from our normal practice of holding the meetings in public.,Antonym:,in private,e.g.,Cecil can be very rude in private, though in public he is usually polite.,Detailed reading1 trauma

51、1,trauma: n. any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture or an emotional wound or shock often having long-lasting effects,Detailed reading,e.g.,Counseling is helping him work through this trauma. 心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。 The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma. 恐惧症可能源于

52、童年的创伤。,Detailed reading1 trauma 2,Detailed reading,Derivation:,traumatic a. (1) of a wound or injury (2) (of an experience) distressing and unforgettable,e.g.,a traumatic operation,e.g.,The onset of depression often follows a traumatic event. 抑郁症发作常常发生在遭受创伤之后。,Detailed reading1- prodigious,prodigiou

53、s: a. (1) so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe,e.g.,That writer has prodigious literary output.,Detailed reading,(2) far beyond what is usual in magnitude or degree,e.g.,We are all overwhelmed by his prodigious memory.,Synonym:,colossal , stupendous, extraodinary, exceptional,Detaile

54、d reading1- come close to,come close to: v. become almost the same as, or very near to,Detailed reading,e.g.,His performance has not yet come close to winning the award. 他的表演离获奖水平差远了。 get close to nature leave sb. close to tears 使某人几乎掉泪 Translate the novel close to the original. The speakers remark

55、hit close to home. 发言人的话很中肯。,Detailed reading1 assess 1,Detailed reading,Confusing words:,access: v. arrest a number of people,Detailed reading2 round up,e.g.,The cows are rounded up twice a day for milking. The dog helps the shepherd in rounding up the sheep. The police had to round up some footbal

56、l hooligans as the situation seemed to be getting out of hand.,Detailed reading,Detailed reading2 vent,Detailed reading,vent: v. give free expression to,e.g.,I dont see why you should vent your anger like this. It wont do anyone any good. The rioters vented their indignation by burning a number of p

57、olice cars when they learned about the brutal murder of a young black African American.,n. as in the expression “give vent to”,e.g.,Most people did not air their views at the meeting; rather, they took it to be an opportunity to give vent to their strong feelings.,Detailed reading3 retreat,The plato

58、on was forced to retreat under heavy enemy gunfire. After he retired from his public position, the former politician retreated to a quiet life in the countryside.,e.g.,Detailed reading,retreat: n. a quiet or private place that one goes to in order to rest or concentrate on a particular problem or ta

59、sk,Detailed reading3 associate,Detailed reading,a business associate,e.g.,associate: n. sb. you work with, esp. in business,Comparison:,acquaintance: n. sb. you know a little, who is not a close friend,e.g.,Mr. Shell is only an acquaintance in the neighbourhood.,Detailed reading3 savor,Detailed reading,savor: v. enjoy and appreciate sth. like food, or drink, or an experience, as much and for as long as one can,I savored every mouthful of breakfast, reluctant to let it end. He savored the word as he said it.,e.g.,Detailed reading3 recite,Det