外研版初二英语上m9语法.ppt

1、Grammar,动词不定式,当我们要表示“想做某事、需要 做某事或决定做某事”时，就会 出现两个动词连用的情况，这时 应如何表达呢？,同学们自然会想到want to do sth., need to do sth.和decide to do sth. 等表达方式。,当我们要表示“想做某事、需要 做某事或决定做某事”时，就会 出现两个动词连用的情况，这时 应如何表达呢？,同学们自然会想到want to do sth., need to do sth.和decide to do sth. 等表达方式。,1. 不定式作主语 不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语， 而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。 eg

2、. To help others is good. It is good to help others. 帮助他人是件好事。 To surf the Internet is exciting It is exciting to surf the Internet. 上网是件令人兴奋的事。,2. 动词不定式的语法功能：,注意：1.某些表示人的品行的形容词，如kind,good,nice,wrong,careless,wise,foolish,polite,clever,right,unwise,stupid,rude等作表语时，不定式前常可用of引出逻辑主语。 Its kind of you t

3、o help me with my English. It was stupid of her to make such a mistake. 句型为： It is +adj. of sb. to do sth. 2.另一种句型为：It is +adj.for sb. to do sth. It is important for us to learn English well.,2. 不定式作宾语 学习不定式作宾语时,要注意掌握后接不 定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: want, hope, wish, like, begin, try, need, forget, agree, help ,

4、offer,plan,decide ,learn,start,hate, prefer等。 Many people decide not to think about it. 许多人决定不去想这件事。 I want to go to the library. 我想去图书馆。,注意：在一些复合宾语中，常用it 代替不定式，作形式宾语，而把不定式放在后面。 I find it interesting to study English.,3. 不定式作定语 不定式修饰名词或代词，起形容词的 作用，在句中作定语，放在被修饰对 象的后面，请看下列句子： I have a lot of homework

5、to do. 我有很多作业要做。 Im hungry. Give me something to eat, please. 我饿了, 请给我点吃的吧。,注意： Many animals have no place _（live) in.（作定语） Then the pandas will have enough food to eat and enough places to live in. pandas have less and less land to live on.,4. 不定式作状语 不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结 果状语等。不定式作状语时，要注意不 定式的逻辑主语应与句子的

6、主语保持一 致。 I came to Beijing to see my grandpa. 我来北京看望我爷爷的。 Im glad to meet you！很高兴见到你！ Im too tired to walk. 我太累了，走不动了。 注意：Lets find out what we can do _them .（作目的状语）,5. 不定式作补语 (ask sb. to do sth. ; tell sb. to do sth. Wish sb. to do sth.; want sb. to do sth. ; would like sb. to do sth. ; like sb. to

7、 do sth. teach sb.to do sth. make sb. do sth.(省to的动词不定式） 不定式可以作补语，如： She told me to buy a ticket. 她让我去买张票。 6. 不定式作表语 不定式还可以作表语，如： Our duty today is to clean the floor. 今天我们的任务是打扫地板。 The difficulty is to stop people killing them.,7.和某些形容词连用be sure/happy/ready/sorry/afraid/glad/excited /surprised to d

8、o sth. He is very happy to see his wife. Im sorry to trouble you. 8.和疑问词who,what,when,where,which,how构成不定式短语做宾语。 I dont know how to use a computer. Can you tell me when to start?,He is too excited to speak.,= He is so excited that he cant speak.,= She is so young that she cant go to school.,She is t

9、oo young to go to school.,so (such) as to + v. 如此以便 too to + v. 太以致不,too + adj. + to + v. =,so + adj. + that,1.Its dangerous _(play) on the street. 2. We go to the playground _ (play) football. 3. She wants _ (buy) a computer. 4. Pandas have less and less land _(live) on. 5. Our job is _ (feed) the

10、animals. 6. My mother asks me_(study) hard. 7.It is very nice of you _(help) me carry the box. 8.I find it hard _(learn ) maths well. 9.I dont know what _(do) next. 10.This room is comfortable _(live) in.,Write sentences.,e.g: it / good / read / that /. 1. it / nice / see / her /. 2. it / bad / say

11、/ that /.,It is good to read that.,It is nice to see her.,It is bad to say that.,3. I / sad / find out / about the panda /. 4. he / happy / see / pandas/. 5. we / surprised / learn that /. 6. I / sad / not / know / about the panda /.,I am sad to find out about the panda.,He is happy to see pandas.,W

12、e are surprised to learn that.,I am sad not to know about the panda.,1._ is difficult for him _ the book. A. That; readB. It; to read C. This; to readD. It; read 2. Its important _ on time. A. beB. to beC. beingD. to being 3. Please stop _ a rest if you feel tired. A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. has 4

13、. Its dangerous_ (cross)this street for little Tom. 5. I felt very excited _ (see)so many animals in the zoo. 6. What made you decide _ (change)job? 7. Many animals dont have enough food _ (eat). 8. Its really kind of you _ (help)me with the work.,1. It is great_ (get)good marks at school. 2. He hur

14、ried to school without _ (have) breakfast. 3. Our country is becoming _ and _ (strong). 4. Im happy _ (have) a nice present. 5. Many people decided _ (do) something for the homeless children in Yushu. 7. Its very nice of you_ me to your birthday party. A. inviteB. invitingC. to inviteD. invited 8. O

15、ur head teacher told us _ late again. A. not beB. to beC. not to beD. be not 9. I have a lot of homework _ this evening. A. doB. to doC. doingD. done 10. Do you remember _ (return) the book tomorrow? 11. Its impossible _ (live) without water. 12. Its hard _ (talk) with him. 13. We have a good book _

16、(read). 14. Im happy _ (have) a nice present. 15. The problem is _ (make) a right chance.,But it is sad _(think)about all those animals in danger . The surping thing was _(hear)how many animals are in danger. It isnt right _(kill)whales or elephants for their meat . But many people decide_ (not thin

17、k)about it . But it is hard _(stop) the killing . 1.Tell him _ the window. A. to close B. not close C. close 2. Its important _ the truth. A. know B. to know C. knowing 3. I was excited _ from you. A. hearing B. hear C. to hear 4. Is there anyone _ to? A. talk to B. to talk to C. talking 5. Its wron

18、g _ others. A. to laugh at B. laugh at C. laughing at 6. The thing now is _ the right people. A. find out B. to find out C. find,1 I have a lot of work _ A do B to do C doing 2 The teacher asked the boy _ on time . A coming B to come C to come to 3 Its easy _ the questions . A to answer B answering

19、C answered 4 She wants _ English well. A to learn B learning C learned 5 The animals have less place _. A to live in B live in C to live,1. Would you please tell me next? A. how to do B. what to doC. what do I do D. how I should do 2. The girl wasnt to lift that bookcase.A. too strongB. enough stron

20、gC. strong enough D. so strong,一、单项选择。,3. For a time his grandmother found _ accept his new idea. A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to 4. As she has never been there before, Ill have someone her the way. A. show B. to show C. showing D. showed 5. You drive slowly. The roads are wet.A. h

21、ad rather B. would ratherC. had better D. would better,6. Nothing can make the brave soldier _ his country.A. turn against B. to turn againstC. to turn to D. turn to 7. In the old days it was difficult for the poor a job.A. find B. to find C. look D. to look for,8. When learning a foreign language,

22、try our best the spirit of it.A. master B. hold C. take hold of D. to master 9. It was foolish his car unlocked. A. for him to leave B. of him to leaveC. for him leave D. him to leave 10. Remember the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. will put back,11

23、. Napoleon spoke so loudly as to _ in front of his soldiers. A. hearB. be heard C. listen D. be listened to 12. Television and radio _ to know what is going on all over the world. A. made it possible of us B. have made us possible C. have made it possible for us D. have made it be possible for us,13

24、. I have enjoyed my visit here. Ill be very sorry . A. for leavingB. to leave C. if leaving D. to have left 14. I dont see how I could possible manage _ the work without _. A. to finish； helping B. to finish；being helped C. finishing；helping D. finishing；being helped,15. We all think it most foolish

25、 _ this mistake. A. for you making B. of you to make C. you to make D. for you to make 16. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still . A. a good place which to be lived in B. a good place to live C. a good place to live in D. a good place to live for,17. You were lost on you

26、r way to the lake, werent you? Yes, we were and had to stop _ the way. A. asking B. to ask C. asked D. to be asked 18. She felt it a great shame so severely in the presence of her boy friend. A. to criticize B. to have criticized C. to be criticized D. to have been criticized,19. The advertisements

27、are trying people to buy things they dont really need. A. persuade B. persuading C. be persuading D. to persuade 20. If you were much younger, I would arrange as the general manager, for all your colleagues speak highly of your work.A. for you to work B. of you to workC. for you work D. you work,21.

28、 On our way back home, we _ lunch because we felt hungry. A. stopped to have B. stop to have C. stopped having D. stoped to have 22. I did nothing but _ my lessons last Sunday. A. go over B. to go over C. went over D. go on,23. Id prefer home rather than a walk. A. to stay; to take B. stay; to take

29、C. to stay; take D. stay; take 24. He was so foolish his car unlocked. A. to leave B. that leave C. as to leave D. for him to leave,25. Your flat needs . Do you want me it for you? A. to clean; to do B. cleaning; doing C. cleaning; to do D. to be cleaned; doing 26. What the scientist said greatly en

30、couraged us the experiment again, but his secretarys words discouraged us the experiment any more. A. to try; to do B. to try; from doing C. for trying; from doing D. trying; to do,二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。,1. Do you know when _ (have) a picnic? 2. She is very busy today. She has a lot of work _(do). 3. Our t

31、eacher asked us _(be) careful when we crossed the road. 4. Its easy for us _(answer) the question.,to have,to do,to be,to answer,1. We have two rooms _, but I cant decide _. (2010 兰州中考) A. to live, to choose which one B. lived, choose which one C. to live in, which one to choose D. live, which one 2

32、. Hell use what he has _ her a new dress. (2009 无锡中考) A. bought B. to buy C. buying D. been bought,C,B,3.Mum, can I have something _?Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is _ in the kitchen. (2009?宿迁中考) A. to drink; nothing else B. drinking; something elseC. to eat; something else D. eating; nothing else 4. -_ more about tomorrows weather, call 121.-OK, I will. Thank you. (2009 扬州中考) Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known 5. Please dont forget _ the room while I am away in Beijing. (2009 绵阳中考) A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned D. cleaning,A,C,B,Language practice,It was