元音音标phoneme学习.ppt

1、General Received Pronunciation of British English,Chen yanxi,English,West Germanic language About 325 million native speakers: Britain, 56 million the USA, 232 million Canada, 24 million Australia the lips are tense and protruded.,/:/ port taught court,/:/ is usually read in the following combined l

2、etters: aw or au ar al ore oor oar our ough augh,saw jaw law yawn draw horse born cord sword cause fault war fall all salt talk tore before more board door four fought taught daughter,Advice to Students,Some students often confuse /:/ with /. In their pronunciation, part/p:t/ sound like pot/pt/. Thi

3、s mistake may be corrected if they round their lips a little. Many students substitute /:/ for /. In their pronunciation, sport /sp:t/ and spot /spt/ sound alike. To avoid such a mistake, they should open the lower jaw less wide (about two thirds of the jaw-opening for /) and raise the back of the t

4、ongue higher.,/u/,This sound is produced with the tongue in a relaxed position. The lips are loosely rounded.,/u/ foot look should,/u/ is usually read in the following letters or combined letters: u o oo ou,put full sugar bull push butcher wolf woman bosom to good stood wood foot soot (before t and

5、d in the words) book cook hook look took shook (before k in the words) could should would,/u:/,The back of the tongue is raised the highest. This sound is the most tense and most lip-rounded of the back vowels.,/u:/ fool food pool,/u:/ is usually read in the following letters and combined letters: o

6、 u oo ou ue ew oe,do who move lose June rude Susan too food soon moon spoon you group soup through glue true blue chew juice shoe,Advice to Students,Students sometime confuse /u:/ with /u/. In the pronunciation of /u:/, the lips are more rounded and closed than for /u/. The back of the tongue is rai

7、sed higher, too.,A Brief Summary of the English Back Vowels,The English back vowels have the following features in common: The tongue is retracted, the back part is raised to various levels in the direction of the soft palate. The tip of the tongue is slightly drawn away from the lower teeth. For /

8、: u u:/ the lips are rounded, but for /:/ the lips are not.,Games and activities,Learn to sing:,Edelweiss Edelweiss, edelweiss, Every morning you greet me. Small and white, Clean and bright. You look happy to meet me. Blossom of snow, May you bloom and grow, Bloom and grow forever. Edelweiss, edelwe

9、iss, Bless my homeland forever.,Central Vowels: / / / / : /,For all of then the tip tongue touches the base of the lower teeth or the teeth ridge. The tongue is flat in the mouth. The lips are spread or neutral with no lip-rounding.,/ : /,The centre of the tongue is raised with considerable tongue t

10、ension. The opening between the jaws is narrow.,/:/ bird her fur,/ : / is usually read in the following combined letters: er ir (w)or ur ear our,her serve nerve reserve certain girl sir first dirty bird work word worse world worm fur turn purse return church earth heard journy courtesy journal,/ /,T

11、his sound is read somewhat like / : / but shorter and more relaxed.,/ / about aware flower,/ / is usually read in the following letters and combined letters: a e I o u ar er or ur ou our ure ( They are read / / in an unstressed syllable. ),about again above ago around pavement government gentlemen p

12、ossible horrible terrible oblige method Europe suppose difficult column father better manner particular forward doctor effort colour figure,Read the following proverbs,Never judge from appearance. 不要以貌取人。 First come, first served. 先来先得。 The early bird catches the worm. 笨鸟先得食；捷足先登。 A bird in the hand

13、 is worth two in the bush. 双鸟在林，不如一鸟在手。,/,The centre of the tongue is raised with the tongue resting in a relaxed fashion in the bottom of the mouth. The lips are spread in the shape of a rectangular.,/ cut hut duck,/ is usually read in the following letters or combined letters: u o oo ou,bus but tr

14、uck brush cup dove colour come once nothing blood flood country enough young southern,Dialogue,A: Somethings burning. B: Oh, my buns! (小圆)面包 A: Mm, I love burnt buns. B: Curse this oven! Curse it! A: But I prefer burnt buns. B: Its the worst oven in the world! A: Wonderful! A perfect bun! B: Therere

15、 thirty of them. Oh, have another. Have them all if you like.,Advice to the students,For /:/ the tongue almost lies flat in the mouth. The tip of the tongue does not touch the lower teeth. The lips are neutrally open. For /, the part of the tongue that is raised is the centre of the tongue. The tip

16、of the tongue touches the base of the lower teeth. The lips are widely open but not as wide as that for /:/.,Additional information 相关知识介绍:开音节、闭音节,Additional information 相关知识介绍:开音节、闭音节,diphthongs,The closing diphthongs The centring diphthongs,Listen and repeat,/ei/ as in Day /i/ as in Boy /u/ as in

17、Boat /i/ as in Here /ai/ as in Fine / as in Pair /au/ as in Now /u/ as in Poor,合口双元音The closing diphthongs : /ei/ /ai/ /i/ /au/ /u/,/ei/,/ei/ is usually read in the following letters or letter groups : ai ay ei ey ea,say day play grey away may cake late May,Pair Work,May Day Labor Day No pains, no g

18、ains. Great changes have taken place in only one day.,/ai/,/ai/ is usually read in the following letters or letter groups : i, y, ie, ye, igh,eye why high die sky find buy time tie,/i/,/i/ is usually read in the following letters or letter groups : oi, oy,boy toy soy join coins noise point annoyed,/

19、u/,双唇隆圆，收小 No Slow Toes Road Both Overcoat I dont know A rolling stone gathers no moss.,/au/,Mouse Shout County Out of town How about going to South?,Dialogues,A: What toy shall I buy for Roy this time? B: For Roy? You want to buy him another toy? A: Yes, of course. He enjoys playing with toys. B: H

20、e enjoys destroying toys. A: My boy will cry if I dont buy one. B: Well, you can only spoil the boy.,集中双元音 Centring Diphthongs: /i/ / /u/,/i/,/i/ is usually read in the following letters or letter groups: ear, ere, ea, eer,here nearfear queer ideabeer beard realcheered nearly hearingtheatre,/,/ is u

21、sually read in the following letters or letter groups: are, air, ear,hair where there tear stare chair pears shared rarely various careless fair,/u/,/u/ is usually read in the following letters or letter groups : ure, oor, our,during curedfurycuriouspure lure surelyEurope,Poem,On a mare goes the mayor, To the fair at the square, Prepared to buy a little bear, That will sit on his fair chair.,Games and activities listen and repeat.,English Consonant,Consonants,What are consonants?,Consonants are made by stopping the airflow in your mouth, eit