Grammar 冠词.ppt

1、Module 6,Grammar,Objectives,学习合成名词。 2. 学习冠词的用法。,The article,Grammar 1,冠词的定义,冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。,冠词有三个，即定冠词(definite article)、不定冠词(indefinite article)和零冠词 (zero article)。,不定冠词有两个形式,一个是a, 另一个是an。 a 用在辅音(指的是音标不是指字母)开头的词前, an 用在以元音开头的词前。,a university, an umbrella, a

2、European, an example, a one-act play, an hour,不定冠词的基本用法:,4. 用来表计量，相当于per or every 。 He works ten hours a day. He drove at 5 miles an hour.,2.表示某一类人或事物, 相当于any。 A horse is an animal. A plane is a machine that can fly.,1.用于首次提到的人或物的单数名词前面。 An old cock is sitting in a tall tree. Im working in a factory

3、. He is a doctor.,3.用于描写自然现象的名词前，表示“一阵”、“一场”、,a heavy snow a shower a heavy rain a strong wind,5. 用于人名前，表示一个不确定的人或一个样的人物. A Lucy came to visit you. He is a Leifeng. I wish to become a Newton.,6.用在某些抽象名词或物质名词之前。表示是什么样的人，是什么样的事物。抽象名词具体化，物质名称可数化,The little girl is a joy to her parents.,He is a success.

4、 The meeting is a failure.,It is a pleasure to work with you.,He did me a great kindness.,What a great surprise you gave me. A knowledge of English is a must today.,a tea/ coffee an ice cream,7. 用于序数词前，表示“再，又”。 Give me a second chance. Try a second time 8. 用于某些固定的词组。 a lot of/a lot; a few; a little;

5、 a piece of ; have a rest ; as a matter of fact ; as a result; all of a sudden; in a hurry; tell a lie; for a while; once in a while; keep a diary; have an effect on; at a loss; make a living; have a temperature; in a nutshell; take a seat; make a note of; have a knowledge of;,定冠词的基本用法:,1. 特指某个或某些人或

6、事物, 或指谈话 双方都知道的人或事物, 或重复上文 提到的人或事物。例如：,How do you like the film?,There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby is very fat.,2. 指世界上独一无二的事物。,The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun. the sky; the universe; the atmosphere,3. 用在单数可数

7、名词之前, 表示某一类人或事物.,The lion is more fierce than the wolf.,The compass was invented in ancient China.,4. 常用在乐器的名称之前,play the violin/piano,用在普通名词构成的专有名词前：the Peoples Republic of China, the Great Wall, the White House; the Stone Age; the Times; the Labour Party; the Internet, the World Wide Web 在江河、山脉、海洋

8、、湖泊、群岛的名词之前：the Changjiang River; the Yellow River; the Salt Lake,6. 在姓氏的复数形式前加定冠词, 表示一家人。 the Smiths 史密斯一家人 The Wangs live in the next-door house.,7. 用在某些adj, done 前表示一类人。 the rich/ poor/ dead/ living/sick/wounded,8. 用在序数词，adj, adv 最高级,前。 the second book; the largest room; the most beautiful pictur

9、e-a most beautiful picture,9. 用在世纪年代 前。 in the 1990s=in the 1990s,10. 用在度量单位的名词前面。 by the day/week/dozen/hour. Eg: Our wages are paid by the month. 对比：by weight/height/size/volumn.,11. 用在某些固定短语中。 In the end; at the same time; at the age of. for the first time; in the area of; at the bottom of; on th

10、e other hand; in the way; all the year round; on the whole; on the right; * hit/pat/take/drag/strike+ sb + on/in/by +the + 身体的某一部分 Eg: I hit you on the head. I pat him on the back/shoulder, I hit her in the face. I take you by the hand.,不加冠词的情况(零冠词)：,1. 专有名词表国家，地名，街道，建筑物以及泛指的抽象名词和物质名词前：,We love scie

11、nce. We all are eager for success. She is fond of music. Beijing ; Tianan men Square Love; money; water; air; space(太空）; nature; China, Japan, England; the United States, the Philippines, the Peoples Republic of China。,2. 在星期、月份、季节，以Day结尾的节假日，一日三餐等名词前：,National Day; New Years Day; Womens Day；The spr

12、ing festival. Have you had supper/ had a wonderful supper? in spring/ in the spring of 2014,Whats wrong with you, Uncle? We elect him monitor. Wanglin, captain of our team, is a perfect player. Who is director of our factory?,4. 在语言球类运动、棋类运动的名词前：,Lets go and watch them play chess/football. . I like

13、English= I like the English language.,3. 在称呼语、表示头衔或职务的名词在句中做表语，补语或同位语事，不加冠词。,5. 与by连用交通工具名词前不加。By air/car/train,turn表变成,后面的名词不加冠词。 He has turned writer.= He has become a writer.,7. as引导的让步状语从句，位于句首的名词不加冠词。 Child as he is, he can speak three lasguages.= Although he is a child， 8. 高考中常考的不可数名词； fun, ad

14、vice, news, information, weather, equipment, health, wealth, word(消息）（word comes that.:消息传来） 9. 短语对比。 At table: 在吃饭 at the table: 在桌子旁边 Out of question: 不成问题 out of the question: 根本不可能 at school: 在上学 at the school: 在学校 In hospital: 在住院 in the hospital: 在医院 in front of: 在前面 in the front of: 在前部 In of

15、fice: 在执政 in the office: 在办公室 on earth: 究竟 on the earth：在地球上 For a moment: 一会儿 for the moment: 临时，就目前而言,Review,复习冠词的用法： 1. 定冠词 2. 不定冠词 3. 零冠词,Its not _ good idea to drive for four hours without _ break. (2008 全国) A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the 2. In many places in China, _ bicycle is still

16、_ popular means of transportation. (2008 重庆) A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the,实战高考,3. We went right round to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across _ continent. (2008 江苏) A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. /; / 4. In order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign

17、language. (2009 四川) A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the,5. Lets go to _ cinema thatll take your mind off the problem for _ while. (2009 全国I) A. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a ; a 6. The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_ people from all walks of life are working hard for _

18、new Jiangsu. (2010 江苏) A. /; a B. /; the C. the; a D. the; the,7. If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view. (2010 山东) A. /; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the 8. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was _ journey. (2010 上海) A. three hour B. a three-hours C.

19、a three-hour D. three hours,9. As he reached _front door, Jack saw _ strange sight. (2011 全国II) A. the;/ B. a; the C. /; a D. the; a 10. As is know to all, _ Peoples Republic of China is _ biggest developing country in the world. (2011 陕西) A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; /,Exercises,1.In Hangz

20、hou Mr Green was so struck by_ beauty of _ nature that he stayed for another night. A. /;/ B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the 2. Many people are still in _habit of writing silly things in _ public places. A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the,3. Five years ago her brother was _ university student of _physics. A. a; the B. an; the C. an; / D. a; /,4. Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning. Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; th