小说文本的及物性分析ppt.ppt

1、,文体学的功能 小说文本的及物性分析 Functions of Stylistics Transitivity Analysis of Fictional Texts,1. Conception of Stylistics,Conception of Stylistics : Stylistics is a branch of linguistics . 1) I came, I saw ,I conquered. 2) I kissed thee ere I killed thee. 3)the government of the people, by the people, for the

2、 people 4) Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.,5）与其在悬崖上展览千年， 不如在爱人肩头痛哭一晚！ 6) “轻轻的我走了, 正如我轻轻的来; 我轻轻的招手, 作别西天的云彩”。 Very quietly I take my leave, As quietly as I came here; Quietly I wave good-bye, To the rosy clouds in the western sky.,奥巴马宣布拉登之死

3、的演说词: “The death of bin Laden marks the most significant achievement to date in our nations effort to defeat al Qaeda.”,“A Woman on a Roof”:,material process intransitive verbs powerless the five goals no connection with the woman,2. Conception of Transitivity,语言有三大纯理功能： 概念功能（ideational function） 人际

4、功能(interpersonal function) 语篇功能(textual function) 概念功能指语言对人们在现实世界（包括内心世界）中各种经历的表达。,物质过程（material process） 心理过程(mental process) 关系过程(relational process) 言语过程(verbal process) 行为过程(behavioral process) 存在过程(existential process)。,Summary,3. An Interpretation of Fictional Texts,3.1 Clauses of Material Pro

5、cess (1) Three times Della counted it. (2) She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result. （3）There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl. So Della did it. The Gift of the Magi,The Old Man and the Sea,1) Material processes with the sharks

6、 as the Actor 2) Material processes with the old man as the Actor,3.2 Clauses of Mental Process,He was not interested in the snow. (关系过程)When he got off the freight, one early evening during the depression, Sargeant never even noticed the snow. But he must have felt it seeping down his neck, cold, w

7、et, sopping in his shoes. But if you had asked him, he wouldnt have known it was snowing. Sargeant didnt see the snow, not even under the bright lights of the main street, falling white and flaky against the night. He was too hungry, too sleepy, too tired. (共6句，四个心理过程) On the Road,3.3 Clauses of Rel

8、ational Process,1） She had nursed Joe and Aphy too(（物质过程); and Joe used often to say: Mamma is mamma, but Maria is my proper mother.（关系过程） 2）Here she was（关系过程）a long time in suiting herself and the stylist young lady behind the counter, who was evidently a little annoyed by her, asked her was it a w

9、edding-cakes he wanted to buy. 3） He was very nice with her（关系过程），and when she was getting out Clay,3.4 Clauses of Verbal Process,第一组言语过程: the ladies all said, “Of course a Grierson would not think seriously of a Northerner, a day laborer.” But there were still others, older people, who said that ev

10、en grief could not cause a real lady to forget noblesse oblige without calling it noblesse oblige. They just said, “Poor Emily. Her kinsfolk should come to her.” She had some kin in Alabama ; but years ago her father had fallen out with them over the estate of old lady Wyatt, the crazy woman, and th

11、ere was no communication between the two families. They had not even been represented at the funeral. And as soon as the old people said, “Poor Emily,” the whispering began. “Do you suppose its really so?” they said to one another. “Of course it is. What else could . . .” This behind their hands; ru

12、stling of craned silk and satin behind jalousies closed upon the sun of Sunday afternoon as the thin, swift clop-clop-clop of the matched team passed: “Poor Emily.” She carried her head high enougheven when we believed that she was fallen. It was as if she demanded more than ever the recognition of

13、her dignity as the last Grierson; as if it had wanted that touch of earthiness to reaffirm her imperviousness . Like when she bought the rat poison, the arsenic . That was over a year after they had begun to say “Poor Emily,” and while the two female cousins were visiting her.,第二组言语过程: “I want some

14、poison,” she said to the druggist. “I want arsenic.” So the next day we all said, “She will kill herself”; and we said it would be the best thing. When she had first begun to be seen with Homer Barron, we had said, “She will marry him.” Then we said, “She will persuade him yet,” because Homer himsel

15、f had remarkedhe liked men, and it was known that he drank with the younger men in the Elks Clubthat he was not a marrying man. Later we said, “Poor Emily” behind the jalousies as they passed on Sunday afternoon in the glittering buggy, Miss Emily with her head high and Homer Barron with his hat cocked and a cigar in his teeth, reins and whip in a yellow glove. 献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰（A Rose for Emily）,3.5 Clauses of Behavioral Process,行为过程指诸如呼吸、咳嗽、叹息、做梦、哭笑等生理活动过程, 常用的动词有 wake, cough, sigh, sleep, dream, laugh, cry, lis