经贸知识英语.ppt

1、经贸知识英语,主 讲：邵 峰 主 编：王 学 文 出版社：中国人 民大学出版社,经贸知识英语,主 讲：邵 峰 主 编：王 学 文 出版社：中国人 民大学出版社,经贸知识英语,主 讲：邵 峰 主 编：王 学 文 出版社：中国人民大学出版社,经贸英语与普通英语的区别 经贸英语的学习方法和途径 学习经贸英语的作用 关于考试及试题类型,概 论,试题类型,一 英汉短语互译（10） 二 搭配题（5） 三 经贸术语翻译（20） 四 用所给词的正确形式填空（10） 五 英译汉（15） 六 汉译英（25） 七 回答问题（15）,Lesson1International Trade(I),1重点句子 (1) A

2、country may develop a particular comparative advantage purely through its own action, independent of the endowment of nature. 一个国家可以不依赖于大自然的恩赐而完全通过自身的行动来发展某一具体比较优势。 independent of sth:not depending on sth. 独立于。,(2) Switzerlands comparative advantage in watch making is typical example. 瑞士钟表制造业就是一个典型的

3、例子。 in:prep. 在方面 (3) Similarly, the United States has developed comparative advantage in many lines that use the most up-to-date technology. 同样，美国已经在使用最先进技术的许多行业发展了比较优势。 line:行业 up-to-date:最新的,(4) Trade to exploit comparative advantage promotes efficiency among countries, since it can make one count

4、ry better off without making another worse off. 利用比较利益进行贸易能够在各国间提高效益，可以改善一个国家的经济状况而不损害另一个国家的利益。 since:因为 it 指上述情况 well off:境况良好 worse off:badly off 的比较级,(5) As a result, Country A would specialize in the production of computers and trade some of them for Country Bs cars, and Country B would speciali

5、ze in cars and exchange some of the cars for Country As computers. 因为，甲国将专门生产计算机并用部分产品换取乙国的小汽车。而乙国将专门生产小汽车并用部分产品换取甲国的计算机。 as a result:因此 specialize in:专攻（专门研究）,(6) But according to the above theory, trade occurs only when each country has an absolute advantage over the other in the production of one

6、 commodity. 但是，根据上述理论，只有当一个国家对另一个国家在某一商品的生产方面占绝对优势时，贸易才会发生。 (7) On the other hand, one man in Country B can produce 40 cars in a year but only 20in Country A. 从另一方面讲，在乙国每人每年能生产四十辆小汽车，但在甲国每人每年只能生产二十辆。 On the one hand,on the other hand:一方面另一方面,(8) So Country A is more efficient in producing computers

7、than Country B, and we say that the former has an absolute advantage over the latter. 所以，甲国的计算机生产能力要比乙国强。我们说前者对于后者来说有着绝对优势。 in doing sth.:在做方面 the former the latter:前者后者 (9) In reality, it is not rare that one country has no absolute advantage in any commodity. 事实上，对于一个国家来说，生产任何一种商品都不占绝对优势的情况并不罕见。 i

8、n reality:事实上 rare:罕见的,(10) The theory of comparative advantage holds that even if a country is less efficient than another in the production of both commodities, there is still a basis for mutually beneficial trade. 比较优势学说认为，即使一个国家在生产两种商品时都比另一个国家效率高，这两个国家也存在着互利的贸易基础。 even if/though:即使（引导条件状语从句）,(11

9、) The first country should specialize in the production and export of the commodity in which its absolute disadvantage is smaller, i.e. the commodity of its comparative advantage, and import the commodity in which its absolute disadvantage is greater, i.e. the commodity of its comparative disadvanta

10、ge. 甲国应该专门生产和出口那些绝对劣势小、也就是有相对优势的商品，进口那些绝对劣势大、也就是有相对劣势的商品。 in which（不能用that）引导定语从句，修饰其前的commodity i.e. （拉丁语缩写）：也就是说,(12) Some countries are abundant in resources, and while elsewhere reserves are scarce or even nonexistent. 有些国家资源非常丰富，而其他国家资源稀少，甚至根本就没有。 be abundant/rich in:富有 while:虽然 You like basket

11、ball, while Id rather read. 你爱打篮球，但我爱看书。 (13) For instance,举例来说，英国煤资源丰富，但金属资源匮乏。 For instance:例如：,(14) Kuwait has vast oil deposits but little farm produce. 科威特石油储量巨大，但农产品缺乏。 little:几乎没有 (15) And Japan relies heavily on import for most of the primary commodities. 对于多数的初级产品，日本严重依赖进口。 rely on:依赖 We ca

12、nnot rely on developed countries all the time. 我们不能总是依赖着发达国家。,2重点词汇 (1) define:及物动词，解释。 (2) distribution:名词，分布，经销。 (3) natural resources:短语，自然资源。 (4) abundant:形容词，丰富的；丰富 (5) scarce:形容词，缺少的；稀有的；多与介词连用形成词组,(6) in terms of (as regards sth.):从方面来讲 Think of it in terms of an investment. 从投资的角度考虑那件事。 The

13、figures are expressed in terms of a percentage/in percentage terms. 这些数字是以百分数表达的。 China has an absolute advantage over any other countries in terms of labor. 在人力资源方面，中国比别的任何国家都有优势。 (7) incentive:名词，刺激，鼓励，同时该词还兼有形容词的词性，意指：刺激的；鼓励的。,(8) constitute:动词，构成，形成。 (9) remainder:名词，剩余物，余数。 (10) hold:及物动词，认为。 (

14、11) in terms of:介词短语，在方面。例句：In terms of manpower we have a large population to take part in this activity 在人力这一方面，我们有足够的人员去参加这活动。 (12) specialization: In our text, it means one country produces more of a commodity than it uses itself and sells the remainder to other countries. 专门化：在本文指一个国家所生产的某种商品数量

15、超出它的消费，并将所剩商品卖给其他国家。,(13) services: A useful business or job that does not produce goods. .服务：不生产具体物品的一种职业或工作。 (14) primary commodities: Mainly means the non-processed or the primarily, processed produce or products, it includes foods, drinks, material processing in agriculture and mineral, vegetabl

16、e oil and animal fat, and fuel manufacturing. 初级产品：主要指未经加工或仅经初步加工的农林、牧、渔、矿等产品。分为食品、饮料、农矿原料、动植物油脂和燃料五大类。,三 练习与作业（page12） 1. 回答问题:第1题、第2题。 2 搭配题 3 完型填空 4 英汉翻译（作业） 5 汉译英（作业为1 、 2 、 5）,Lesson 2International Trade(II),1重点句子 (1) These countries attract large numbers of tourists, who spend money for travel

17、ing,hotel accommodations, meals, taxis, and so on. 这些国家吸引着大批观光者，他们花钱旅游、食宿、乘出租车等。 large numbers of +可数名词：大量的 who 引导非限制性定语从句。,(2) This refers to the money sent back to home countries by people working in a foreign land. 这里指的是那些在国外工作的人汇回国内的钱。 句中画线部分为过去分词短语作定语，修饰money。 working in a foreign land 为现在分词短语作

18、定语，修饰people。 (3) Invisible trade can be as important to some countries as visible trade is to others.如同有形贸易对一些国家非常重要一样，无形贸易对一些国家一样非常重要。 as +adj.+其他+as结构的用法：像一样,(4) A tariff is a tax levied on a commodity when it crosses the boundary of a customs area which usually coincides with the area of a country. 关税是商品跨越关税区时对该